EP2269276A1 - Système laser et procédé pour sa conduite - Google Patents

Système laser et procédé pour sa conduite

Info

Publication number
EP2269276A1
EP2269276A1 EP09731595A EP09731595A EP2269276A1 EP 2269276 A1 EP2269276 A1 EP 2269276A1 EP 09731595 A EP09731595 A EP 09731595A EP 09731595 A EP09731595 A EP 09731595A EP 2269276 A1 EP2269276 A1 EP 2269276A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser
pumping
laser device
pumping light
time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09731595A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heiko Ridderbusch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2269276A1 publication Critical patent/EP2269276A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/0627—Construction or shape of active medium the resonator being monolithic, e.g. microlaser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P23/00—Other ignition
    • F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
    • H01S3/1123—Q-switching
    • H01S3/113—Q-switching using intracavity saturable absorbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094049—Guiding of the pump light
    • H01S3/094053—Fibre coupled pump, e.g. delivering pump light using a fibre or a fibre bundle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094076—Pulsed or modulated pumping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
    • H01S3/09415—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode the pumping beam being parallel to the lasing mode of the pumped medium, e.g. end-pumping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10038—Amplitude control
    • H01S3/10046—Pulse repetition rate control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/102—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling the active medium, e.g. by controlling the processes or apparatus for excitation
    • H01S3/1022—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling the active medium, e.g. by controlling the processes or apparatus for excitation by controlling the optical pumping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a laser device which has a laser-active solid with a passive Q-switching.
  • the invention further relates to a laser device with a laser-active solid, a passive Q-switching and a pump light source for acting on the laser device with pump light.
  • the laser device is so loaded with pumping light that results in a predeterminable time course of the inversion density in the laser-active solid.
  • the method according to the invention advantageously provides the possibility of achieving a desired inversion density in the laser-active solid and thus a desired operating behavior of the laser device by means of a predeterminable pumping light exposure of the laser device. In particular, this can increase the precision with respect to a time point at which the Q-switched laser pulse is emitted, compared to conventional methods.
  • a particularly simple embodiment of the operating method according to the invention provides that the laser device is at least temporarily exposed to pumping light of a constant power density.
  • a further increase in the precision of the operation of the laser device is obtained according to the invention when the power density of the pump light is selected such that a first Q-switched laser pulse is generated within a pump duration starting from a pump start time corresponding to the beginning of the application of the pump light. which is less than or equal to about twice the fluorescence lifetime of a material of the laser-active solid.
  • the inventive choice of the power density of the pump light can be carried out, for example, by means of a control method in which the power density for successive pumping operations is initially varied until the desired pumping time on the order of twice the fluorescence lifetime or less is achieved.
  • the fluorescence lifetime of the laser-active material used there are further factors such as the optical configuration of the laser device, the way in which the pump light is coupled into the laser device or the laser-active solid and the like, so that the optimum pumping time or power density required for a given configuration for example, can be determined within the scope of an application process. According to the invention, it has been found that a temporal variance of the pumping time between the
  • Pump start time and the actual generation of the passively Q-switched laser pulse is then particularly low when the pumping time is less than or equal to about twice the fluorescence lifetime of the material of the laser-active solid.
  • An even lower variance of the pumping time and thus further increased precision results according to the invention when the power density of the pumping light is chosen such that the pumping time until the generation of the laser pulse is within the range of the simple fluorescence lifetime of the laser-active material. That is, according to the invention, the power density of the pump light is to be chosen in particular sufficiently large to achieve a pumping time in the range of single to double fluorescence lifetime and thus a low variance of the pumping time. Accordingly, in conventional laser materials such as Nd: YAG, the pumping time should be selected according to the invention between about 250 s and about 500 s.
  • the laser device is at least temporarily charged with pump light of a non-constant power density and the power density of the pump light is chosen such that a specifiable temporal change of the inversion density in the laser-active solid occurs at least temporarily.
  • the power density of the pump light is chosen such that a specifiable temporal change of the inversion density in the laser-active solid occurs at least temporarily.
  • the passively Q-switched laser pulse it is advantageously provided, at least temporarily, in particular directly before the generation of the passively Q-switched laser pulse, to observe a specifiable temporal change of the inversion density in the laser-active solid.
  • the change with time of the inversion density in the laser-active solid body preferably does not fall below a predefinable threshold value directly before the generation of the first Q-switched laser pulse.
  • the temporal variance of a pump duration measured from the pump start time to the generation of the passively Q-switched laser pulse is minimal when the temporal change of the inversion density corresponds to the abovementioned criteria.
  • the predeterminable threshold value of the temporal change of the inversion density it is possible, for example, to use the gradient of the inversion density which occurs when a constant power density of the pump light is selected such that a pumping time until the generation of a laser pulse is less than or equal to approximately twice the fluorescence lifetime of the material of the laser-active solid.
  • Power density of the pump light or a temporal change in the inversion density can be determined.
  • the desired power density of the pump light can be set particularly easily by predefining a corresponding current through the semiconductor laser diodes.
  • the operating method according to the invention is particularly suitable for generating laser pulses for an ignition device of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle.
  • the laser device according to the invention can also be used in ignition devices of stationary engines, in particular large gas engines.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with a laser-based ignition device for use with the method according to the invention
  • Figure 5 shows the time course of operating variables of the laser device according to the invention using a further embodiment of the operating method according to the invention.
  • fuel 22 is ignited by means of a laser pulse 24 which is emitted by a laser device 26 comprehensive ignition 27 into the combustion chamber 14.
  • the laser device 26 is fed via a light guide device 28 with pumping light, which is provided by a pumping light source 30.
  • the pump light source 30 is controlled by a control and regulating device 32, which also controls the injector 18.
  • the pumping light source 30 has at least one semiconductor laser diode which outputs pumping light of corresponding power density via the optical waveguide device 28 to the laser device 26 as a function of a control current.
  • semiconductor laser diodes and other small-sized pump light sources are preferably used for use in the automotive field, for the operation of the ignition device 27 according to the invention, in principle, any type of pump light source can be used, in which the Power density of the pump light, with which the laser device 26 is acted upon, is adjustable.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a detail view of the laser device 26 from FIG. 1.
  • the laser device 26 has a laser-active solid 44, to which a passive Q-switching 46, also referred to as Q-switch, is optically arranged downstream.
  • the laser-active solid 44 forms here, together with the passive Q-switching circuit 46 and the coupling mirror 42 arranged on the left thereof in Figure 2 and the Auskoppelapt 48, a laser oscillator whose oscillatory behavior depends on the passive Q-switching 46 and thus at least indirectly controllable in a conventional manner is.
  • the pumping light 60 is directed by the light-optical device 28 already described with reference to FIG. 1 to the laser-active solid 44, which may be formed, for example, as a Nd: YAG system.
  • the passive Q-switching circuit 46 While the passive Q-switching circuit 46 has its idle state, a saturable absorber contained in it has a relatively small transmission coefficient, whereby a laser operation in the laser-active solid 44 or in the limited by the coupling mirror 42 and the output mirror 48 solids 44, 46 is avoided. With increasing pumping time, however, the radiation density increases in the laser oscillator 42, 44, 46, 48, so that the passive Q-switching circuit 46 or its saturable absorber bleaches, that assumes a larger transmission coefficient, and the laser operation can begin.
  • a laser pulse 24 also referred to as a giant pulse, which has a relatively high peak power.
  • the laser pulse 24 is optionally in the combustion chamber using a further optical fiber device (not shown) or directly through a not shown combustion chamber window of the laser device 26 14 ( Figure 1) of the internal combustion engine 10 is coupled, so that therein existing fuel 22 is ignited.
  • the laser device 26 is supplied with the pumping light 60 in such a way that a predeterminable time profile of the inversion density in the laser-active solid 44 results.
  • the population inversion induced by the optical pumping with the pumping light 60 in the laser-active solid 44 is controlled according to the invention by adjusting the power density of the pumping light 60 so that the inversion density, in particular its time course, corresponds to predefinable conditions.
  • the laser device 26 is at least temporarily exposed to pumping light 60 of a constant power density.
  • the control device 32 (FIG. 1) accordingly comprises a semiconductor laser diode contained in the pumping light source 30 with a constant drive current I whose time profile is illustrated in FIG.
  • the pumping process begins at the time t ⁇ , which is also referred to below as the pump start time.
  • a sufficiently long pumping time tl - t ⁇ i. in this case at the time t 1
  • a first passively Q-switched laser pulse 24 is generated by the laser device 26.
  • the pumping operation is terminated by turning off the drive current I.
  • the power density of the pumping light 60 is to be selected in particular before the time t1 such that a predeterminable time profile of the inversion density ni (FIG. 4) in the laser-active solid 44 (FIG. Figure 2).
  • the power density of the pumping light 60 - in the present case by adjusting the drive current I (FIG. 3) for the semiconductor laser diode - is selected so that the pumping duration tl-t ⁇ is less than or equal to approximately twice the fluorescence lifetime of the Nd: YAG material of the laser-active solid 44 is.
  • the ignition time t1 in the laser-based ignition device 27 depicted in FIG. 1 can advantageously be set very precisely, so that the combustion can take place with optimum efficiency and, in particular, avoid engine damage due to too early ignition.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the time profile of the inversion density ni as it sets in the laser-active material 44 when exposed to the pumping light 60 (FIG. 2) of the pumping light source 30 (FIG. 1). Due to the loading of the laser device 26 with pumping light 60 of constant power density, cf. The constant drive current I from FIG. 3 results in an approximately linear increase in the inversion density n i between the pump start time t 0 and the time t 0 (FIG. 1)
  • the temporal change of the inversion density ni in the laser-active solid 44 is illustrated in FIG. 4 by the gradient triangle ni / t.
  • Pumplichts 60 and thus the time course of the inversion density ni as a function of the fluorescence lifetime of the material used of the laser-active solid 44 is preferably selected so that the pumping time tl - t ⁇ is less than or equal to about twice the fluorescence lifetime. That is, depending on the fluorescence lifetime of the laser active material 44 used, among other things, the amplitude of the drive current I (FIG. 3) for the optical pumping of the laser device 26 is selected.
  • FIG. 5 A further embodiment of the operating method according to the invention, in which a non-constant power density for the pumping light 60 is selected, will be described below with reference to FIG.
  • a relatively small value for the amplitude of the drive current I and thus also the power density of the pump light 60 are selected in a first time range t.sub.0 to t.sub. ⁇ 1, which increases the lifetime of the pump light source 30 (FIG ), since this does not constantly have to deliver maximum performance.
  • a relatively large amplitude for the drive current I by the controller 32 is set, so that the temporal change in the inversion density ni from the time t ⁇ l' and thus in particular directly before the generation of the laser pulse 24 from the time t ⁇ l does not fall below a predetermined threshold.
  • a particularly large operating range of the ignition device 27 according to the invention is given when within a predeterminable time range, preferably during a single ignition for a cylinder 12 ( Figure 1) of the internal combustion engine 10, in particular over a period of about ⁇ _ 2 ms, several laser pulses 24 with a pulse repetition frequency of> _ about 5 kHz are generated.
  • a plurality of laser pulses 24 are generated, wherein a repetition rate for impinging the laser device 26 with pumping light 60 is about 500 Hz, in particular about 100 Hz.
  • the power density for the pumping light 60 to be used according to the invention can be determined in a simple manner within the scope of a control method or also in the case of an application of the ignition system 27.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de conduite d'un système laser (26) qui présente un corps solide (44) à action laser doté d'un circuit (46) de déclenchement passif. Selon l'invention, le système laser (26) est alimenté en lumière de pompage (60) de manière à obtenir une évolution temporelle prédéterminée de la densité d'inversion (ni) dans le corps solide (44) à action laser, ce qui permet d'obtenir une commande particulièrement précise en particulier du comportement temporel lors de la formation d'impulsions laser (24) déclenchées passivement.
EP09731595A 2008-04-17 2009-03-19 Système laser et procédé pour sa conduite Withdrawn EP2269276A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008001239A DE102008001239A1 (de) 2008-04-17 2008-04-17 Lasereinrichtung und Betriebsverfahren hierfür
PCT/EP2009/053225 WO2009127490A1 (fr) 2008-04-17 2009-03-19 Système laser et procédé pour sa conduite

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2269276A1 true EP2269276A1 (fr) 2011-01-05

Family

ID=40825337

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09731595A Withdrawn EP2269276A1 (fr) 2008-04-17 2009-03-19 Système laser et procédé pour sa conduite

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8656879B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2269276A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008001239A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009127490A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006039398A1 (de) * 2006-08-22 2008-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Pumplichtquelle mit einem Diodenlaser
GB2497549A (en) * 2011-12-12 2013-06-19 Thales Holdings Uk Plc Method and apparatus for use in passive q-switching
US12541011B2 (en) 2021-09-03 2026-02-03 Luminar Technologies, Inc. Fast Q switched laser with adaptive Bragg grating structure

Family Cites Families (16)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE9603288L (sv) 1996-02-20 1997-08-21 Geotronics Ab Stabilisering av en pumpad lasesr
AU6949298A (en) * 1997-04-21 1998-11-13 James W. Early Laser ignition
US6676402B1 (en) * 1997-04-21 2004-01-13 The Regents Of The University Of California Laser ignition
SE9702175D0 (sv) * 1997-06-06 1997-06-06 Geotronics Ab A laser
JP2000323786A (ja) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-24 Fujitsu Ltd 信号光の波形整形のための方法、装置及びシステム
US6813285B2 (en) * 1999-06-21 2004-11-02 Litton Systems, Inc. Q-switched microlaser
US6842466B1 (en) * 2000-07-18 2005-01-11 Nanyang Technological University Semiconductor passive Q-switch providing variable outputs
JP2003198019A (ja) 2001-12-25 2003-07-11 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk レーザ光源
US7843978B2 (en) * 2005-02-04 2010-11-30 Jds Uniphase Corporation Passively Q-switched laser with adjustable pulse repetition rate
DE102006000205B4 (de) * 2005-04-28 2012-11-08 Denso Corporation Laser-Maschinenzündvorrichtung
US7672346B1 (en) * 2005-10-26 2010-03-02 University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Narrow spectral width lasers optimized and temperature stabilized with volume Bragg grating mirrors
DE102006029996A1 (de) * 2006-06-29 2008-01-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Betriebsverfahren für eine Zündeinrichtung und Zündeinrichtung
DE102006030722A1 (de) 2006-07-04 2008-01-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Zündeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102006031768B4 (de) 2006-07-10 2018-10-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102006039398A1 (de) 2006-08-22 2008-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Pumplichtquelle mit einem Diodenlaser
DE102007041528A1 (de) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündeinrichtung für eine Laserzündung einer Brennkraftmaschine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2009127490A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110259291A1 (en) 2011-10-27
DE102008001239A1 (de) 2009-10-22
US8656879B2 (en) 2014-02-25
WO2009127490A1 (fr) 2009-10-22

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