EP2270612A2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zugfeder für Uhrenfederhaus - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zugfeder für Uhrenfederhaus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2270612A2
EP2270612A2 EP20100166944 EP10166944A EP2270612A2 EP 2270612 A2 EP2270612 A2 EP 2270612A2 EP 20100166944 EP20100166944 EP 20100166944 EP 10166944 A EP10166944 A EP 10166944A EP 2270612 A2 EP2270612 A2 EP 2270612A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
silicon
diamond
wafer
thickness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20100166944
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Claude Bourgeois
Pierre Gygax
Lucas Humair
Stéphane von Gunten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manufacture et Fabrique de Montres et Chronometres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle SA
Original Assignee
Manufacture et Fabrique de Montres et Chronometres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manufacture et Fabrique de Montres et Chronometres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle SA filed Critical Manufacture et Fabrique de Montres et Chronometres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle SA
Publication of EP2270612A2 publication Critical patent/EP2270612A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/14—Mainsprings; Bridles therefor
    • G04B1/145—Composition and manufacture of the springs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of watchmaking, and more particularly to a motor spring intended to be mounted in a cylinder of a watch movement.
  • the spring acts as an energy accumulator by being armed by the user or by an oscillating mass and gradually restoring the energy that it has stored.
  • the drum and the lid are generally pivoted to the barrel shaft to stabilize the barrel shaft.
  • a ratchet is mounted integral with the barrel shaft, generally square. It is driven by a winding device, manual or automatic, to rotate the shaft and arm the barrel spring.
  • a motor spring 1 is wound on itself in a spiral inside the cylindrical walls 3 of the barrel drum and around the barrel shaft 4
  • FIGS. 1A, 1B and 2 illustrate a well known type of mainspring 1 in armed / disarmed positions in a barrel 2 and relaxed out of it.
  • the running time is essentially determined by the maximum amount of elastic energy W. that can accumulate the mainspring barrel.
  • the maximum limit W. of energy accumulated by a common metal strip motor spring of limited dimensions is determined by the occurrence of fracturing phenomena and / or the appearance of excessive plastic deformations in certain regions of this ribbon.
  • the storable energy limit is proportional to its elastic limit squared and inversely proportional to its elastic modulus. The need to store a maximum of energy in a barrel-size mainspring of limited dimensions (by design and miniaturization of the watch case) is such as to make the usual barrel-spring ribbons work with constraints.
  • the permanent deformation is such that after being introduced into the barrel with the aid of a strapping and after a few daily cycles of use (arming / disarming), the spring reaches a shape that no longer corresponds to its shape at all. initial (we say that "the spring is returned”). But above all, the returned spring loses its elastic force. This decreases the pulses of the escapement and the amplitude of the oscillations of the balance, which is obviously not desirable.
  • the turns of the metal ribbon have an initial curvature whose increase of the radius p accelerates; the radius of curvature tends to infinity (right portion: ref X), then the radius p invert (curvature of opposite direction) and finally decreases to give an inverted spiral winding in the form of letter S or in the form of floor key, as schematized on the figure 2 or half-inverted half-S-shaped letter (not shown).
  • the optimum profile in the transverse plane of the turns of a conventional relaxed spring motor is therefore not a profile evenly curved in a regular spiral.
  • Metal springs of existing type work at maximum plastic deformation stresses or beyond, which has the disadvantage of limiting their life to a few hundred cycles or a thousand cycles.
  • the document FR2920890 proposes to realize a cylinder mainspring having a composite structure: the mainspring is composed of a first portion forming a support blade and constituting the core or the skeleton of the spring, this support portion being preferably made of crystalline silicon or metal, the surface of the first portion being completely, or at least partially, directly covered with a second portion made of diamond, and preferably forming a thick polycrystalline diamond matrix layer.
  • the present invention aims to improve the spring barrel proposed in the aforementioned document, as well as the method of realization that it teaches.
  • the invention relates to several optimization methods, defined in the claims.
  • the starting point of the invention is to provide a barrel spring, comprising a first portion 11 of spring made of a support material, preferably silicon, covered with a diamond layer.
  • This first portion 11, visible in part on the figure 3 is produced directly with a preform corresponding to a skeleton or a blank of the final shape of the spring. It is obtained by deep etching of a silicon wafer.
  • the preform is covered, completely or partially, by a second portion made of diamond, typically polycrystalline deposited by CVD.
  • the method of producing the spring according to the invention is provided so as to maximize the amount of springs produced on a wafer 12.
  • the preform is adapted to allow a judicious arrangement of the springs on the wafer 12, in order to optimize the occupancy rate.
  • the cost price of the springs is improved, thanks to the fact that it decreases the amount of wafers used to make a given number of springs.
  • the thickness t of the first portion 11 along the spring is substantially constant, since the deposition is uniform. This has the effect of varying the bending stiffness along the spring.
  • this variation is also used so as to have a smooth course of the barrel.
  • the springs 1 can be arranged one inside the other to obtain a kind of "sun" on the wafer, as represented on the figure 4 .
  • the difference between the curvature of the preform and the curvature of the nominal winding is constant.
  • the second type of "C" preform will be chosen.
  • the difference in curvature is also variable, so that one can do without the end of the spring lying either after or before the point of inflection of a classical S-shaped spring.
  • the first type of preform preferably in Archimedean spiral elements, will be chosen, and in the second case the second type of "C" preform.
  • the variation of the thickness of the first portion makes it possible to modulate the flexural rigidity along the spring.
  • This parameter can advantageously be taken into account to maintain a relatively smooth course of the barrel, that is to say with a minimum of contacts between turns. It is generally considered that this implies having a nominal winding with a decreasing pitch from the center to the outside.
  • This goal can be achieved by producing a spring 1 whose thickness is as thin as possible, to reduce the size of the spring and the place it occupies in the barrel.
  • a spring 1 whose thickness is as thin as possible, to reduce the size of the spring and the place it occupies in the barrel.
  • the thickness of the first portion of the spring is constant. This results in the volume of the spring being equal to about half the volume of the drum (this neglecting the junctions to the fasteners).
  • the second type of "C" preform described above will be chosen with the point of inflection pushed out of the bead-side preform, with the result that the winding is located towards the end on the drum side.
  • the diamond thickness is maximized with respect to that of the first silicon portion, within the limits attainable by the etching of the first portion.
  • This ratio can be optimized by computer simulation calculations, by modeling the behavior of a composite barrel spring at the heart of the invention.
  • a third aspect of the invention for optimizing a silicon / diamond composite barrel spring it is possible, for a given nominal torque, to make the stiffness of the spring as small as possible. In other words, this means making the torque as constant as possible during disarming.
  • the spring 1 is configured so as to minimize the reactions to the supports. Indeed, the winding of the mainspring on its shaft induces a reaction force as well on the latter as on the point of attachment to the drum. This reaction is reflected in the pivoting of the shaft on pivoting members, such as stones. This creates a resistant friction torque and therefore an energy loss. The reaction to the supports and thus the energy losses resulting from these friction are reduced thanks to the ideal implementation of a development as concentric as possible of the mainspring on its shaft, but failing, by an inversion and a cancellation of the half strength.
  • Such optimization is also achieved by computer simulations, mainly by varying the following parameters: the variable thickness of the turns and the shape of the preform linked to a variable pitch of the nominal winding.
  • the present application also relates to a novel method for producing a diamond-based barrel spring. Indeed, as explained above, it is the diamond that gives a composite spring as described above, its interesting properties, the first silicon portion having essentially a function of support. According to a particularly interesting aspect of the invention, it is proposed to make a spring completely diamond barrel, with nevertheless modulations of dimensions similar to those obtained on the basis of a first silicon portion.
  • a first portion is made as mentioned above, that is to say produced directly with a preform corresponding to a skeleton or a blank of the final shape of the spring. It is obtained by deep etching of a silicon wafer.
  • the preform is disposed on a support 14 before the CVD diamond deposition step.
  • the second portion 16 of diamond is deposited on three sides of the first portion, as can be seen on the figure 6 .
  • the upper diamond face that is to say the face located opposite the face of the first diamond-free portion, is freed of the diamond layer that covers it.
  • Such a step may, for example be by polishing.
  • the first portion of silicon is removed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
EP20100166944 2009-06-30 2010-06-22 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zugfeder für Uhrenfederhaus Withdrawn EP2270612A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH10092009A CH701369B1 (fr) 2009-06-30 2009-06-30 Procédé de réalisation d’un ressort de barillet.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2270612A2 true EP2270612A2 (de) 2011-01-05

Family

ID=42711974

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20100166944 Withdrawn EP2270612A2 (de) 2009-06-30 2010-06-22 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zugfeder für Uhrenfederhaus

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2270612A2 (de)
CH (1) CH701369B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3226080A1 (de) 2016-03-30 2017-10-04 Officine Panerai AG Federhaussystem für uhr

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH708925A1 (fr) 2013-12-05 2015-06-15 Tgm Développement Sa C O Etude Tissot Pièce mécanique en diamant pour mouvement de montre.
CH708926A3 (fr) 2013-12-05 2015-07-31 Tgm Développement Sa C O Etude Tissot Pièce mécanique en diamant et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce mécanique en diamant pour mouvement de montre.

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2920890A1 (fr) 2007-09-07 2009-03-13 Patek Philippe Sa Ressort-moteur pour barillet de mouvement d'horlogerie presentant une duree de marche accrue

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2920890A1 (fr) 2007-09-07 2009-03-13 Patek Philippe Sa Ressort-moteur pour barillet de mouvement d'horlogerie presentant une duree de marche accrue

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3226080A1 (de) 2016-03-30 2017-10-04 Officine Panerai AG Federhaussystem für uhr

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH701369A2 (fr) 2010-12-31
CH701369B1 (fr) 2014-04-30
CH701369A8 (fr) 2011-03-15

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