Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
  • B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
  • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
  • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
  • B60L2220/10—Electrical machine types
  • B60L2220/14—Synchronous machines
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
  • B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
  • B60L2220/54—Windings for different functions
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
  • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
  • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
  • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of automobiles, and more particularly to vehicles including an electric power train.
• the vehicles including an electric power train comprise a battery of accumulators sized to deliver the power necessary for the traction function.
• This battery powers an electric motor via a static converter.
• the role of these converters is to generate a system of alternating voltages, advantageously three-phase, which are directly applied to the motor.
• This type of converter thus functions as an inverter, and thus delivers a system of voltages, whose amplitude and frequency are controlled to deliver the required torque.
• a problem already identified with regard to electric traction chain vehicles concerns the recharging phase of the storage batteries. Compared with vehicles with a combustion engine, the energy charging phase is much longer. Indeed, with the techniques known to date, it is necessary to immobilize the vehicle for times of the order of the hour or more, in order to power the on-board battery via a network voltage source.
• the batteries are recharged by connecting them to a charger that can be internal or external. With the type of on-board converters available today, these recharging operations can take several hours, so they are usually performed at night when the vehicle is stopped. There are also external chargers allowing faster recharging operations, but which are too expensive to allow for their large-scale deployment. In addition, these types of specific chargers are not always compatible with the wide variety of connection terminals found on the fleet of electric vehicles.
• the regulation provides that the electrical system is equipped with a cut-off device ensuring that no traction is possible in this state.
• This is not the case in the system described in EP-O 603 778, which advocates the immobilization of the vehicle by blocking the wheels of the vehicle by the braking system.
• This solution is not at all satisfactory, because it does not meet the current regulation of ensuring an electrical power failure of the traction system when the vehicle stops.
• it speculates only on the parking brake function as a bulwark at the start of the vehicle, which is not sufficient to immobilize a vehicle when the traction motor is activated.
• the entire transmission between the output of the engine and the axles are the seat of mechanical stresses and vibrations, especially at the supply frequency of the external power source and its harmonics.
• the problem to be solved by the invention is to enable the recharging of the storage battery in an improved manner and in particular by avoiding subjecting the mechanical transmission members to significant mechanical constraints and eliminating any risk of non-average torque. zero on the drive shaft when charging.
• the invention therefore relates to a traction chain for motor vehicles, comprising in known manner: a rechargeable on-board power source; a static converter, capable of delivering a system of three-phase voltages, connected as input to said source of rechargeable energy; a three-phase electric motor powered by the three-phase voltage system delivered by the static converter; and wherein a source of external electrical power can be connected to the stator winding of the motor, to allow charging of the on-board power source through the static converter.
• the traction chain is characterized in that the motor is of the synchronous type with separate excitation, for which the rotor supply is interrupted during the charging phases.
• the motors employed have a rotor which includes a winding through which the rotor field is generated with which the rotating field generated by the stator windings is reacted.
• This excitation can be canceled on command during a recharging phase, in order to cancel, or at least reduce very significantly, the torque generated by the current flowing through the stator windings during this same recharging phase.
• each stator winding may comprise a pair of independent terminals, each winding having a terminal connected to the converter static, the other terminal being alternately connected either to a common point forming the neutral, during the rolling phases, or to a terminal block for connection to the external power source, during the charging phases.
• a winding of the motor stator is chosen consisting of not directly connecting the neutral of the three phases in the motor, but to highlight the phase returns to the outside to be able to connect them to the external power source.
• the traction chain may comprise a set of relaying members, electromechanical or electronic, for example, capable of ensuring the connection of the terminals of the stator windings ao common point, outside the charging phases.
• the neutral connection can be made inside or outside the machine by closing a relay assembly ensuring the short circuit between the phase returns.
• the traction chain may comprise a plug connector itself forming the common point, and adapted to ensure the connection of the phase return terminals of all the stator windings, outside the charging phases.
• connection block to which the phase return terminals are connected can be connected to an external power source, either three - phase or single - phase. In the latter case, two of the stator windings are then connected together to the same terminal of the external power supply source.
• connection terminal block can be connected to the external power source via a transformer, in particular a step-down transformer when it is necessary to use a mains voltage supply network.
• FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the various elements constituting the traction chain, shown in running mode
• - Figure 2 is a diagram similar to Figure 1, showing an alternative embodiment of the neutral of the motuur
• FIGS. 3 to 6 are diagrams similar to FIG. 1, showing the traction chain in battery charging modes, according to different variants of this external power supply source.
• the traction chain 1 consists mainly of a battery 2 whose output terminals 3,4 are connected to a static converter 5 providing the inverter function.
• This inverter 5 comprises an input capacitor 6 and different arms 7 each having two static switches, between which are connected the output terminals S.
• the voltages present between the output terminals 8 form a system of three-phase voltages.
• This inverter 5 supplies a motor 10 comprising three stator windings 11, 12, 13.
• the output terminals 8 of the inverter are connected to one of the terminals 14, 15, 16 of each stator winding 11, 12, 13.
• the phase return terminals 17, 18, 19 of the stator windings 11, 12, 13 are in turn connected to a connection terminal block 25 to which the external source of connection will be connected.
• the operation of the motor is ensured by the appropriate supply of the rotor winding 23 and the appropriate control of the inverter 5.
• the different phase return terminals 17, 18, 19 are connected together by the presence of two relays 30 and 31.
• the contacts of these relays 30, 31 are closed in rolling mode, to ensure at their level the short circuit of the phase returns.
• the contacts of these relays are open on the contrary in charging mode.
• These relays can be made according to different technologies, without affecting the principle of the invention.
• the power train is configured as illustrated in FIG. 3, in which case an external power supply 35, preferably three-phase, is then connected to the connection terminal 25.
• the mains voltage system 35 is applied via the stator windings acting as inductive elements to the output terminals 8 of the inverter.
• the inverter 5 then operates as a voltage booster type converter, with the appropriate control of the static switches that compose it.
• a step-down transformer 37 may be necessary to bring the voltage system applied to the motor stator to a level allowing the voltage-lift inverter to operate.
• the architecture of the traction system according to the invention also makes it possible, as illustrated in FIG. 5, to recharge from a single-phase mains voltage source. This charging mode, although less rapid, can nevertheless be useful when the three-phase sector is not available.
• the buzzer 25 is connected to the voltage source 40 so that two of these terminals 41, 42 are connected together, the third terminal 43 being connected to the other terminal of the power source 40. in this case, two of the stator windings 11, 13 are traversed by the same current.
• step-down transformer 48 as shown in FIG. 6 may be necessary to enable the operation of the static converter 5 in voltage-booster mode.
• the traction chain according to the invention has the advantage of being connected to a three-phase power source, without generating torque within the engine during the charging phase. This combines a speed of charge when connecting to a three-phase network with a security of use compared to prior art solutions. This architecture also allows charging via a single-phase network

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Families Citing this family (18)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2008
  • 2008-07-28 FR FR0855175A patent/FR2934217B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-07-03 JP JP2011520558A patent/JP2011529328A/ja active Pending
  • 2009-07-03 CN CN2009801296560A patent/CN102112338A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-07-03 RU RU2011107310/11A patent/RU2505428C2/ru active
  • 2009-07-03 KR KR1020117004331A patent/KR20110034030A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-07-03 BR BRPI0916751A patent/BRPI0916751A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-07-03 WO PCT/FR2009/051299 patent/WO2010012924A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2009-07-03 EP EP09784460A patent/EP2303628A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-07-03 US US13/056,318 patent/US20110187185A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-07-27 AR ARP090102854A patent/AR072536A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2009-07-27 TW TW098125235A patent/TW201010880A/zh unknown

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