Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
  • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
  • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2210/00—Converter types
  • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a charging device for a storage system comprising a first storage element such as an electrochemical storage battery and a second storage element such as a rechargeable supercapacitor from a power source.
• a charging device for a storage system comprising a first storage element such as an electrochemical storage battery and a second storage element such as a rechargeable supercapacitor from a power source.
• a power source such as the EDF home electrical network and a method of using this device.
• the present invention is intended in particular to reduce the cost of manufacture and simplify the charging device for recharging the batteries of a hybrid or all-electric vehicle.
• Hybrid or all-electric vehicles comprising at least one electrical storage element are known. In general, this element can be recharged by the kinetic energy of the vehicle via the drive train or by a generator driven by a heat engine, or by electric recharging from a power supply network.
• This storage element is generally a chemical storage battery.
• an electrical network such as the EDF network which delivers an AC voltage at 220V.
• This type of charging requires the use of a charger to adapt the voltage level of the EDF sector to that required by the battery for charging. But such a charger is a heavy equipment, complex and expensive.
• the power supply system has been provided with a second storage element having a storage capacity different from that of the first storage element.
• This second storage element is generally a supercapacitor.
• the rated continuous operating voltage at the terminals of the supercondenstor may vary, for example, from OV to 300V, while the nominal voltage at the terminals of the battery is 100V.
• This provides a global network of dual voltage electrical power supply.
• the two storage elements are coupled to each other via a DC-DC voltage converter (or DC-DC converter).
• This converter has the function of allowing transfers of electrical energy between the two storage elements according to the electrical needs of the various organs and accessories of the vehicle.
• this second element In general it is not possible to charge this second element from the DC-DC converter itself outside the operating range of the converter. However, when this second element is charged directly from a higher voltage source, it is necessary to limit the charging current of this second element, because a very large initial current draw can occur.
• the present invention therefore aims at providing a charging device for a storage system comprising two storage elements having different nominal continuous operating voltages from a power supply network, not requiring the addition of a specific charger. therefore simpler to implement and less expensive compared to known charging devices.
• the invention therefore relates to a charging device for a system for storing electrical energy from a power supply network, said storage system being used as a power source for an electric motor vehicle or hybrid, said system comprising:
• a first element for storing electrical energy in particular a battery and a second element for storing electrical energy, in particular a pack of supercapacitors,
• the charging device comprises:
• a voltage rectification device connected on the one hand by an electrical connection to the converter on the side where the latter is connected to the second element, and on the other hand connected by a removable electrical connection to the supply network, said device being adapted to rectify the AC voltage delivered by the network into a DC voltage within the operating range of said converter, and further
• control means for controlling the charging current of said second element, said control means being arranged between the converter and the second element.
• control means comprises a disconnecting device whose activation makes it possible to electrically isolate said second element of the converter during the charging of the first element.
• this disconnecting device may be an electromechanical relay or an electronic switching system.
• said control means comprises a precharging device whose operation makes it possible to control the voltage applied to said second storage element so as to limit the charging current of said second storage element.
• this precharging device is formed by an electric dipole of variable transconductance.
• this electric dipole consists of a resistor and a relay or a transistor whose transconductance is controlled by means of appropriate voltages on its control pin.
• the rectifying device consists of a single-phase or three-phase diode bridge.
• the invention furthermore relates to a method of using the recharging device according to the invention in which the rectifying device is used to transform the AC voltage delivered by the network into a DC voltage and to adjust its value so that it is within the operating range of said converter and using the converter arranged between the first storage element and the control means for controlling the load of said first element.
• the power supply network used in the charging device according to the invention provided with a disconnecting device arranged between the second element and the converter
• the rectified voltage delivered by the rectifying device is applied to the input terminals of the converter, said converter transferring the electrical energy to the first element by adapting the applied voltage level to make it compatible with the voltage value range of charge of the first element, and concomitantly,
• the disconnection device arranged between said second element and the converter is activated so as to electrically isolate the second element during the recharging of the first element.
• the precharging device to recharge the storage system by the power supply network used in the charging device according to the invention provided with a precharging device arranged between the second element and the converter, - when the voltage of charge of the second element is lower than the rectified voltage delivered by the rectifier device, the precharging device is put into operation so as to precharge the second element until the equalization between the voltage across the second element and the rectified voltage, and the DC-DC converter is deactivated during the precharging of the second element,
• FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a charging device according to a first embodiment of the invention comprising a disconnecting device;
• - Figures 2 a schematic representation of a charging device according to a second embodiment of the invention comprising a precharging device.
• Figure 1 and Figure 2 schematically show the architecture an electrical energy storage system comprising a first electrical energy storage element constituted by a battery 1 associated with a second electric energy storage element constituted by a pack of supercapacitors 2.
• the rated continuous operating voltage across the supercondensteur may vary, for example from OV to 300V, while the voltage across the battery is substantially 100V.
• a DC-DC converter 3 is arranged between the two storage elements 1, 2 to ensure the transfer of energy between the two elements.
• FIG. 1 shows a charging device according to a first embodiment of the invention for recharging the storage system from an EDF power grid. It comprises a rectifying device 5 which makes it possible to rectify the AC voltage delivered by the network in a DC voltage within the operating range of the DC-DC converter.
• This device is connected on the one hand to the alternating network by a removable electrical connection 7, on the other hand by a fixed electrical connection 8 to the terminals of the electric converter 3 on the side where the converter 3 is connected to the second element 2.
• Such a device recharging advantageously allows the first element to be recharged via the connection to a domestic electrical network such as the EDF electricity grid which delivers an AC voltage of 220V without requiring the addition of a charger.
• the charging device comprises a sectioning device 4 intended to electrically isolate the second storage element from the rest of the storage system during the charging of the first storage element.
• This disconnecting device is arranged between the DC-DC converter 3 and the second element. The purpose of the presence of this sectioning device is to eliminate the initial charge problem of the second element, which appears when it comes to charging this capacity outside the operating range of the DC-DC converter 3.
• the solution proposed here is to electrically isolate the second element during the charging of the first element, therefore when the rectifier 5 is connected to the network, there is no flow of charge current to the second element.
• the operating principle of the charging device as shown in Figure 1 is as follows.
• the rectification device is connected to the network.
• the rectified voltage delivered by the rectifier is directly applied to the converter 3, which then transfers the electrical energy to the first element 1.
• the level of the rectified voltage is adapted by the converter so as to make it compatible with the range of values load of the first element.
• the isolation device 4 is activated so that it is in an open state, the second element 2 is thus isolated from the converter 3 during the recharging of the first element 1.
• the connection between the rectifier and the network is disconnected, automatically the disconnecting device is deactivated so that it is in the closed state, restoring the connection between the converter 3 and the second element 2 to make the storage system functional.
• the rectifying device is constituted by a single-phase diode bridge or a three-phase diode bridge in the case of charging on a three-phase network.
• the disconnecting device is preferably constituted by an electromechanical relay or an electronic switching system such as a transistor. Alternative opening and closing of this disconnecting device is controlled by means of appropriate signals.
• the recharging device according to the first embodiment of the invention does not make it possible to precharge the second element from the network if necessary.
• FIG. 2 shows a recharging device according to a second embodiment of the invention allowing not only charging of the first element from the supply network but also a pre-charge while ensuring control of the charging current of the second element 2
• the recharging device shown in FIG. 2 further comprises a precharging device 6 arranged between the converter 3 and the second element 2 put into service during the preloading. During the precharging, the converter 3 is not put into operation.
• the second element 2 is powered by the rectified voltage via the precharging device 6 whose output voltage is controlled so as to limit the instantaneous charging current.
• the precharging device 6 is placed in a state where it has the lowest resistance possible in the circuit so as not to clamp the current.
• this precharging device is constituted by an electric dipole having a variable transconductance.
• this precharging device may be formed by a resistor and a relay whose contact is placed in shunt across the resistor or a transistor whose transconductance is modulated by a voltage command.
• the operating principle of this second embodiment of the invention differs from the first in that it allows the precharging of the second element when the latter has a voltage lower than the rectified voltage delivered by the network.
• the precharging device 6 is put into operation so as to precharge the second element 2 until the equalization between the voltage at the terminals of the second element 2 and the rectified voltage, and the DC-DC converter 3 is deactivated during the precharging of the second element 2.
• the voltage at the terminals of the second element 2 reaches the rectified voltage, it is put back into service the converter 3 to load the first element.
• the precharging device when the charging voltage of the second element 2 is greater than or equal to the rectified voltage delivered by the rectifying device 5, the precharging device is turned off, and the direct-to-continuous converter 3 is put into service directly for charging. the first element 1.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)
• Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2008
  • 2008-06-27 FR FR0854352A patent/FR2933245B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-06-25 US US12/999,053 patent/US20110089896A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-06-25 CN CN2009801244566A patent/CN102149564B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-06-25 EP EP09769537A patent/EP2303629A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-06-25 JP JP2011515562A patent/JP5677948B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-06-25 BR BRPI0909990A patent/BRPI0909990A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2009-06-25 WO PCT/FR2009/051219 patent/WO2009156696A2/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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