EP2315641A2 - Procédé pour produire un joint d'assemblage avec une matière monocristalline ou à solidification directionnelle - Google Patents

Procédé pour produire un joint d'assemblage avec une matière monocristalline ou à solidification directionnelle

Info

Publication number
EP2315641A2
EP2315641A2 EP09775912A EP09775912A EP2315641A2 EP 2315641 A2 EP2315641 A2 EP 2315641A2 EP 09775912 A EP09775912 A EP 09775912A EP 09775912 A EP09775912 A EP 09775912A EP 2315641 A2 EP2315641 A2 EP 2315641A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
hub
blade
joining
joining surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09775912A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dieter Schneefeld
Joachim Bamberg
Johannes Gabel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines AG
Original Assignee
MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Aero Engines GmbH filed Critical MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Publication of EP2315641A2 publication Critical patent/EP2315641A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/006—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/34—Rotor-blade aggregates of unitary construction, e.g. formed of sheet laminae
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/001—Turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05B2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05B2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F05B2230/239—Inertia or friction welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/606—Directionally-solidified crystalline structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/607—Monocrystallinity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a joint connection between two components, of which at least one comprises a monocrystalline or directionally solidified material. Further, the present invention relates to an integrally bladed rotor disk of a compressor or a turbine and to a compressor and a turbine.
  • single crystal or directionally solidified materials are used, in particular monocrystalline or directionally solidified metallic materials.
  • monocrystalline or directionally solidified metallic materials examples are rotor blades of gas turbine engines for aircraft or other applications fertilize. These blades are exposed simultaneously to high centrifugal forces or fatigue stresses in the radial direction, vibrations and high temperatures.
  • Single-crystalline or directionally solidified materials are particularly suitable for these applications because of their properties.
  • High-strength joint connections can be produced by friction welding.
  • turbine blades are connected to hubs by friction welding.
  • friction welding For friction welding of monocrystalline or directionally solidified materials, however, particularly high mechanical welding stresses are required. These particularly high mechanical welding stresses require extremely stiff design of the machines and tools used for friction welding. This causes high costs.
  • WO 2007/144557 A1 describes a friction-welded joint with a monocrystalline component and the orientations of the primary sliding plane of a face-centered crystal lattice to be used in this case, parallel to the oscillation direction and to the welding force.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for producing a joint between components, at least one of which is a einkri- stalled or directionally solidified material to provide an improved integrally bladed rotor disk of a compressor or turbine and an improved compressor and turbine.
  • Various embodiments of the present invention are based on the idea of producing a polycrystalline layer on the joining surface of a component which comprises a monocrystalline or directionally solidified material before the joining surface is joined to another component by friction welding.
  • the polycrystalline layer is produced, for example, by introducing deformation or distortion energy into a thin near-surface layer and subsequent heat treatment.
  • Deformation energy is introduced, for example, by shot peening, ultrasonic peening, the action of neutrons, high-energy electrons or other ionizing radiation or compact rolling.
  • the heat treatment can be carried out before the friction welding in a separate process step.
  • only a near-surface layer can be heated by using a high heat output within a short period of time.
  • only the region is heated to the recrystallization temperature into which deformation or distortion energy has previously been introduced by one of the measures mentioned.
  • the heat treatment in the friction welding itself can be done immediately prior to welding the joining surfaces.
  • the actual friction welding process is carried out similarly to the known friction welding processes.
  • the parameters of the friction welding process are selected, for example, such that initially only a layer near the surface is heated to the recrystallization temperature and predetermined during a time interval Duration is maintained at this recrystallization temperature. This predetermined duration is chosen so that the polycrystalline layer is formed.
  • the actual friction welding process takes place, for example by briefly increasing the temperature at the joining surface to the required value by increasing the surface normal force or the amplitude or frequency of the friction.
  • the component pretreated in this way can be joined by friction welding to a component which has optionally been pretreated in a similar manner with a monocrystalline or directionally solidified material or with a component with a polycrystalline material.
  • blades of a compressor or a turbine are connected in one of the ways described above with an adapter, which in turn is connected to a hub or rotor disk.
  • the blades are connected directly to the hub of the rotor disk in one of the manners described above.
  • integrally bladed rotor disks for compressors or turbines can be created, whose blades have a monocrystalline or directionally solidified material.
  • the blades each have a polycrystalline layer on their joining surfaces.
  • the polycrystalline layer may have a thickness of several microns to several millimeters. For some materials, a thickness of at least 0.3 mm is advantageous.
  • a compressor or turbine or gas turbine engine for an aircraft or other application may include a plurality of such integrally bladed rotor disks.
  • Various embodiments of the present invention have the advantage that the mechanical welding stress required to form the friction-welding joint is lower than it would be without prior formation of a polycrystalline layer.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of two to be joined by friction welding
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a rotor disk
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for producing a joint connection, a rotor disk, a compressor or a turbine.
  • the first component 10 is, for example, a hub for a rotor disk.
  • the second component 20 is in this case, for example, a blade for the rotor disk.
  • the first component 10 has a polycrystalline material.
  • the second component 20 has a monocrystalline or directionally solidified material.
  • the materials of the first component 10 and the second component 20 may be similar or different from their crystalline or microscopic structures. For example, both materials of the first component 10 and the second component 20 are metallic materials.
  • a polycrystalline layer 24 hatched in FIG. 1 is first produced on the joining surface 22 of the second component 20.
  • the joining surface 22 of the second Component 20 for example, first by shot peening (English: Shot Peening), ultrasonic shot peening (English: Ultrasonic Peening) or hard rolling (English: Compact Rolling) pretreated. Good results were obtained with compressive stresses of 500 MPa or more and a treatment depth of treatment of 0.3 mm or more. As a result of this treatment, deformation or distortion energy is introduced into the originally monocrystalline or directionally solidified material of the second component 20 near its joining surface 22.
  • the second component 20 or at least one region adjoining the joining surface 22 is subjected to a short heat treatment.
  • This heat treatment is carried out, for example, by inductive heating.
  • a temperature is generated near or above the recrystallization temperature. Due to the induced deformation or distortion energy, the material recrystallizes polycrystalline.
  • the first component 10 and the second component 20 are joined or joined by friction welding.
  • the joining surface 12 of the first component 10 and the joining surface 22 of the second component 20 are pressed against one another with a high surface normal force.
  • This surface normal force is represented by the arrows 31, 32.
  • the first component 10 and the second component 20 and thus, in particular, the joining surface 12 of the first component 10 and the joining surface 22 of the second component 20 are moved relative to one another.
  • This relative movement is, for example, an oscillation movement in one direction or (with two different frequencies) in two different directions.
  • the oscillation movement is indicated by the arrow 38.
  • the resulting frictional heat has a welding of the joining surfaces 12, 22 of the components 10, 20 result.
  • the illustrated friction-welded joint is particularly suitable for the connection of components which are exposed to high mechanical loads, for example high centrifugal forces and / or fatigue stresses.
  • One example is the connection between a blade and a hub or between a blade and an adapter to be later connected to a hub for forming a rotor disk of a compressor or a turbine of a gas turbine engine for an aircraft or for other applications.
  • the second component 20 is the blade and the first component 10 is the adapter or the hub.
  • the direction of the introduction of the welding force is advantageously selected parallel to the primary crystal orientation direction of the type ⁇ 100>.
  • the oscillating movement 38 in friction welding advantageously lies in a ⁇ 100 ⁇ crystallographic plane of the material of the second component 20.
  • the [001] direction of FIG the main stress direction and the Stapelach- se of the second component 20 (also referred to as the Z axis) by a maximum of 15 degrees.
  • the main stress direction and the stack axis correspond to the radial direction in the case of a rotor disk.
  • the secondary orientation tilting of the crystal lattice about the Z axis
  • FIG. 2 shows a rotor disk 40 comprising a hub 10 and a multiplicity of blades 20, which are connected to the hub 10 as shown above with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for producing a joint connection by friction welding. Although this method can also be used for components which have other features than those described above with reference to FIG. 1, reference numerals from FIG. 1 are used by way of example for ease of understanding.
  • a first component 10 is provided in a first step 101.
  • a second component 20 is provided which comprises a monocrystalline or directionally solidified material.
  • a polycrystalline layer 24 is produced in the material at the joining surface 22 of the second component 20.
  • the polycrystalline layer 24 is produced in this example by first treating the joining surface 22 by shot peening or ultrasonic shot peening or deep rolling in the third step 103.
  • a fourth step 104 the joining surface 22 of the second component 20 and at least one partial region of the second component 20 adjoining the joining surface 22 are subjected to a (possibly local) heat treatment.
  • This heat treatment takes place in a separate process or in a process with the friction welding shown below.
  • the material recrystallizes in a polycrystalline manner due to the deformation or distortion energy introduced in the third step 103.
  • first component 10 has a monocrystalline or directionally solidified material
  • a polycrystalline layer is preferably also produced on the joining surface 12 of the first component 10, for example in method steps corresponding to the third step 103 and the fourth step 104.
  • first component 10 and the second component 20 are joined or joined to one another by friction welding, in particular by linear friction welding.
  • the polycrystallinity of the layer 24 reduces the surface normal force 31, 32 and the force required to produce the oscillatory motion 38 required to form the friction weld joint.
  • the fourth step 104 and the fifth step 105 may be partially or fully integrated.
  • the heat treatment can be carried out as part of the friction welding immediately before or during welding of the joining surfaces.
  • the rubbing operation can be controlled similarly to a conventional rubbing operation.
  • the rubbing process may be controlled so that only a near-surface layer is initially heated to the recrystallization temperature and held at this recrystallization temperature for a predetermined time interval. This predetermined duration is chosen so that the polycrystalline layer is formed. Thereafter, the actual friction welding takes place, for example, by increasing the surface normal force or the amplitude or frequency of the friction, the temperature at the joining surface is increased in the short term to the required value.
  • a sixth step 106 the above-described steps can be repeated for all blades of the rotor disk.
  • a compressor or a turbine or a gas turbine engine may be formed from one or more rotor disks formed in the sixth step 106.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour produire un joint d'assemblage entre un premier élément (10) et un deuxième élément (20), le deuxième élément (20) comprenant une matière monocristalline ou à solidification directionnelle. Un premier élément (10) et un deuxième élément (20) sont utilisés dans le cadre de ce procédé. Une couche polycristalline (24) est produite sur une surface d'assemblage (22) du deuxième élément (20) qui est prévue pour assembler le deuxième élément (20) avec le premier élément (10). La surface d'assemblage (22) du deuxième élément (20) est assemblée avec le premier élément (10) par soudage par friction.
EP09775912A 2008-07-26 2009-06-26 Procédé pour produire un joint d'assemblage avec une matière monocristalline ou à solidification directionnelle Withdrawn EP2315641A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008034930A DE102008034930A1 (de) 2008-07-26 2008-07-26 Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Fügeverbindung mit einkristallinem oder gerichtet erstarrtem Werkstoff
PCT/DE2009/000890 WO2010012255A2 (fr) 2008-07-26 2009-06-26 Procédé pour produire un joint d'assemblage avec une matière monocristalline ou à solidification directionnelle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2315641A2 true EP2315641A2 (fr) 2011-05-04

Family

ID=41210458

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09775912A Withdrawn EP2315641A2 (fr) 2008-07-26 2009-06-26 Procédé pour produire un joint d'assemblage avec une matière monocristalline ou à solidification directionnelle

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110129347A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2315641A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2732031A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008034930A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010012255A2 (fr)

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JP5853405B2 (ja) * 2011-04-25 2016-02-09 株式会社Ihi 摩擦接合方法及び接合構造体
EP2583784A1 (fr) * 2011-10-21 2013-04-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Préparation d'au moins un poste à souder avant le soudage et composant
DE102011086770A1 (de) * 2011-11-22 2013-05-23 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Reibschweißverfahren, insbesondere zum stoffschlüssigen Verbinden von Schaufeln und Scheiben zu einer Schaufel-Scheiben-Einheit sowie entsprechend hergestellte Schaufel-Scheiben-Einheit
US9745855B2 (en) 2011-12-05 2017-08-29 Apci, Llc Linear friction welding apparatus and method
AT13403U1 (de) * 2012-07-25 2013-12-15 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Verfahren zum Verbinden zweier metallischer Gegenstände
US10584608B2 (en) * 2014-08-07 2020-03-10 United Technologies Corporation Tuned rotor disk
GB2559325A (en) * 2017-01-25 2018-08-08 Rolls Royce Plc Bladed disc and method of manufacturing the same
GB201809530D0 (en) 2018-06-11 2018-07-25 Rolls Royce Plc A method
DE102018122441A1 (de) 2018-09-13 2020-03-19 Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh Geschweisstes hohlraumventil mit kleiner wärmeeinflusszone und verfahren zur herstellung
DE102018219591A1 (de) * 2018-11-15 2020-05-20 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils für eine Turbomaschine
DE102018219590A1 (de) * 2018-11-15 2020-05-20 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils für eine Turbomaschine
GB201908479D0 (en) 2019-06-13 2019-07-31 Rolls Royce Plc Joining method
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110129347A1 (en) 2011-06-02
WO2010012255A2 (fr) 2010-02-04
DE102008034930A1 (de) 2010-01-28
WO2010012255A3 (fr) 2010-04-08
CA2732031A1 (fr) 2010-02-04

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