EP2332894A1 - Procédé et fabrication de matières explosives - Google Patents

Procédé et fabrication de matières explosives Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2332894A1
EP2332894A1 EP09179006A EP09179006A EP2332894A1 EP 2332894 A1 EP2332894 A1 EP 2332894A1 EP 09179006 A EP09179006 A EP 09179006A EP 09179006 A EP09179006 A EP 09179006A EP 2332894 A1 EP2332894 A1 EP 2332894A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
raw material
explosive raw
explosive
isostatic pressing
gelatinizing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09179006A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Huber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bowas AG fuer Industrieplanung
Original Assignee
Bowas AG fuer Industrieplanung
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Publication date
Application filed by Bowas AG fuer Industrieplanung filed Critical Bowas AG fuer Industrieplanung
Priority to EP09179006A priority Critical patent/EP2332894A1/fr
Publication of EP2332894A1 publication Critical patent/EP2332894A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0041—Shaping the mixture by compression
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
    • C06B25/24—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition with nitroglycerine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of explosives.
  • explosive is to be understood as explosive and / or explosive substances and mixtures of substances which are used for the purpose of explosives, fuels, igniters or pyrotechnic compositions or for the production thereof.
  • Explosives, and in particular propellants, are required for numerous applications, such as blasting or propulsion.
  • this requires that the explosive in a certain form, for example as a powder or granules, as a cube or in a compact form of different sizes, but from the explosiveness of the explosive raw material, such as nitrocellulose and / or Nitroglycerinbasis, a special Problem with regard to the processing of the same results.
  • the preparation of the propellant charge powder without solvent is based on a conventional process control of a water-wet nitrocellulose / blasting oil mixture. This is dehydrated and gelatinised on heated rolling mills. This is done manually or semi-automatically with very elaborate equipment, wherein at the end of the rolling process, a fur is produced, which is rolled into a roll and extruded in a hydraulic press to a desired geometry.
  • DE 36 35 296 A1 a process for producing propellant charge powder in a solvent-free process, wherein a water-wet powder raw material is processed at elevated temperature in a shear roller.
  • the powder raw material is fed continuously, taken off continuously as a gelatinized mass at the end of the shear roller and granulated continuously immediately thereafter.
  • the resulting granules are then fed continuously to an extruder, by means of which it is pressed into powder strands, which are processed by cutting or other finishing to the finished powder.
  • this process represents a significant improvement of the former POL process, whereby the processing of the granules in an extruder could not be ensured in a safe manner, since high mass pressures are produced in the press during the pressing of the granulate, which is considerable safety concerns and problems.
  • the granules were therefore mixed with original water-moist raw material and only then rolled out on a roller to a fur and processed. The rolling into a winding and the pressing to a desired geometry is carried out according to the conventional method already described above.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.
  • An important point of the invention is that the explosive raw material is first subjected to an isostatic pressing before gelatinization.
  • thermo-induced gels of pressure-induced gels differ significantly in their physical and structural properties.
  • pressure-induced gels have a lower modulus of elasticity, which facilitates later extrusion.
  • the isostatic pressing of the explosive raw material thus leads to a certain gelatinization of the explosive raw material, which significantly improves the processability of the explosive raw material treated in this way.
  • the isostatic pressing is carried out at a pressure of 1 to 10,000 bar, in particular from 1000 to 7500 bar.
  • the isostatic pressing is carried out at a temperature elevated from room temperature.
  • a thermo-induced gel formation is initiated, which improves the pre-plasticization of the explosive raw material.
  • the isostatic pressing is carried out at a temperature of 30 to 100 ° C, in particular from 50 to 90 ° C.
  • the explosive raw material mass should be subjected to isostatic pressing for a certain residence time. Residence times of from 1 to 20 minutes, in particular from 5 to 10 minutes, have proved to be particularly advantageous.
  • the isostatic pressing downstream gelatinization of the explosive is carried out in a gelatinizer comprising a shear roller at a temperature in the range of 30 ° C to 130 ° C, preferably at a temperature in the range of 50 ° C to 110 ° C , and more preferably carried out in a range of 70 ° C to 95 ° C.
  • the swelling of the explosive raw material caused by the isostatic pressing significantly improves the initial adhesion of the explosive to the shear roller during further processing on a shear roller, which significantly improves the gelatinization process at the shear roller.
  • the gelatinizer of a preferred embodiment comprises a rotating drum with lifting internals on the inside of the drum and backward-feeding internals at the drum exit. Due to the lifting internals on the inside of the drum not immediately adhering, fallen explosive raw material is automatically abandoned. The backward-promoting internals at the drum exit prevent the material from escaping.
  • the gelatinization of the explosive raw material by means of a gelatinizer comprising a roller at a temperature in the range of 30 ° C to 130 ° C, preferably at a temperature in the range of 50 ° C to 110 ° C, and particularly preferred a range of 70 ° C to 95 ° C performed.
  • the resulting during isostatic pressing warm explosives body has a rubber elasticity, which is very advantageous for further processing. It is therefore preferable to immediately subject the explosive body obtained by isostatic pressing without further cooling to further processing by gelatinization.
  • the further processing of the gelatinized explosive can, for example, as in the WO 03/035580 described described.
  • a typical procedure of a process to the final product is shown in the process scheme attached as Figure 1.
  • the explosive is immediately granulated after exiting the gelatinizer and the granules are formed into a block immediately after granulation by means of an isostatic press. It is preferred that the granules of the isostatic press is supplied in a warm, in particular plastic state.
  • the further processing of the block thus obtained can be carried out in a conventional manner, in particular by means of a hydraulic press.
  • the explosive raw material comprises at least one gelatinizable component and at least one gel-forming component.
  • the gelatinatable component of the explosive raw material preferably comprises nitrocellulose.
  • the explosive raw material may also include gelatinizable components which are not explosives themselves. Examples of such gelatinizable components are cellulose acetates.
  • the gel-forming component of the explosive raw material preferably comprises glycerol trinitrate and / or ethylene glycol dinitrate and / or nitramine.
  • the explosive raw material may also comprise gel-forming components which are not explosives themselves. Examples of such gelling components are typical plasticizers such as phthalates.
  • the explosive raw material may also include explosives that are neither gelatinizable nor gel-forming. Examples of such explosives are hexogen, octogen, nitropenta and nitroguanidine.
  • An explosive which can be used particularly advantageously for the process according to the invention comprises one or more of the following components: nitrocellulose, glycerol trinitrate, Ethylene glycol dinitrate, one or more nitramines, hexogen, nitroguanidine.
  • a water-moist solvent-free explosive raw material is used as the explosive raw material.
  • a solvent-moist explosive raw material is used as the explosive raw material.
  • the solvent-moist explosive raw material preferably comprises acetone, diethyl ether, ethanol or mixtures of the solvents mentioned.
  • the explosive raw material comprises carbon in the form of carbon black or graphite, in particular in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by weight.
  • the explosive raw material comprises carbon nanotubes, in particular in an amount of 0.05 to 1% by weight.
  • carbon nanotubes represent an allotopic modification of carbon.
  • graphite lattices are arranged in a tubular shape and terminated with a fullerene half-cap at the ends.
  • the method according to the invention has a number of advantages.
  • isostatic pressing as described above, a onset of gelation of the explosive raw material mass.
  • the subsequent further processing under gelatinization is significantly simplified.
  • it has been found that when using a shear roller for gelatinizing the initial adhesion of the explosive raw material to the roller as well as the heat transfer from the roller to the isostatically compacted explosive raw material mass are greatly improved. This allows the use of less expensive shearing devices and the shortening of the process times, resulting in lower investment costs and higher throughput.
  • the reduced thermal stresses on the material due to the shorter process times lead to increased long-term stability of the end product.
  • Another surprising advantage of the method according to the invention is the possibility of processing explosive raw materials which were difficult or impossible to process by the previous methods.
  • explosive raw materials based on nitrocellulose and glycerol trinitrate / ethylene glycol dinitrate can only be processed for certain compositions at certain nitrogen contents of the nitrocellulose (degree of nitration). Outside of this "window", the gelatinization of the explosive raw material does not succeed according to the conventional methods.
  • the inventive method allows by the upstream step of isostatic pressing the gelatinization of such explosive raw materials that are outside of this window. This significantly increases the flexibility of the process with respect to the use of nitrocellulose of various nitrogen contents.
  • Example 1 Examination of an explosive mass treated by isostatic pressing by SEM images
  • An explosive raw material based on nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin was subjected to isostatic pressing for 5 minutes at 80 ° C and 3500 bar.
  • FIG. 2 shows the raw explosive mass before the isostatic pressure treatment while FIG. 3 shows the explosive raw material mass after isostatic pressing.
  • FIG. 3 shows the explosive raw material mass after isostatic pressing.
  • An explosive raw material (37% nitrocellulose, 37% nitroglycerine, 1% centralite, 25% hexogen) was charged into a polyethylene tube. After evacuation of the tube, it was closed and inserted into the isostatic press. The temperature of the hydraulic fluid was 85 ° C, the applied pressure 5000 bar and the residence time 8 minutes. After removal and demolding, the formed body was placed on a shear roller with a heated crushing / dosing device so that no cooling took place.
  • the explosive raw material pretreated by isostatic pressing as described above has excellent properties for further processing on the shearing roll.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
EP09179006A 2009-12-14 2009-12-14 Procédé et fabrication de matières explosives Withdrawn EP2332894A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09179006A EP2332894A1 (fr) 2009-12-14 2009-12-14 Procédé et fabrication de matières explosives

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09179006A EP2332894A1 (fr) 2009-12-14 2009-12-14 Procédé et fabrication de matières explosives

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2332894A1 true EP2332894A1 (fr) 2011-06-15

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EP09179006A Withdrawn EP2332894A1 (fr) 2009-12-14 2009-12-14 Procédé et fabrication de matières explosives

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2332894A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109438143A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-03-08 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 一种反向浇铸包覆模具
CN109438142A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-03-08 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 一种用于包覆层制备的反向浇铸装置
CN109485528A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-03-19 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 一种包覆层制备装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3057012A (en) * 1959-05-27 1962-10-09 Du Pont Process of preparing dense non-fibrous nitrocellulose
DE1233310B (de) * 1964-08-25 1967-01-26 Wolff & Co Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung verdichteter, rieselfaehiger Nitrocellulose
EP0084153A1 (fr) * 1982-01-04 1983-07-27 WNC NITROCHEMIE GmbH Procédé pour la préparation de la nitrocellulose à haute fluidité ayant une plus grande masse volumique apparente
WO1988002743A1 (fr) * 1986-10-16 1988-04-21 Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh Procede pour fabriquer de la poudre de charge propulsive
EP0296099A1 (fr) * 1987-06-17 1988-12-21 Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft vertreten durch die Eidg. Munitionsfabrik Thun der Gruppe für Rüstungsdienste Procédé de pressage quasi-isostatique de charges explosives formées avec précision, ainsi que dispositif de fabrication de ces charges
WO2003035580A2 (fr) * 2001-10-24 2003-05-01 BOWAS AG für Industrievertrieb Fabrication d'une charge propulsive sous forme pulverulente et exempte de solvants

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3057012A (en) * 1959-05-27 1962-10-09 Du Pont Process of preparing dense non-fibrous nitrocellulose
DE1233310B (de) * 1964-08-25 1967-01-26 Wolff & Co Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung verdichteter, rieselfaehiger Nitrocellulose
EP0084153A1 (fr) * 1982-01-04 1983-07-27 WNC NITROCHEMIE GmbH Procédé pour la préparation de la nitrocellulose à haute fluidité ayant une plus grande masse volumique apparente
WO1988002743A1 (fr) * 1986-10-16 1988-04-21 Wnc-Nitrochemie Gmbh Procede pour fabriquer de la poudre de charge propulsive
DE3635296A1 (de) * 1986-10-16 1988-04-28 Nitrochemie Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen von treibladungspulver
EP0296099A1 (fr) * 1987-06-17 1988-12-21 Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft vertreten durch die Eidg. Munitionsfabrik Thun der Gruppe für Rüstungsdienste Procédé de pressage quasi-isostatique de charges explosives formées avec précision, ainsi que dispositif de fabrication de ces charges
WO2003035580A2 (fr) * 2001-10-24 2003-05-01 BOWAS AG für Industrievertrieb Fabrication d'une charge propulsive sous forme pulverulente et exempte de solvants

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BAUER B A ET AL: "The impact of pressure, temperature and treatment time on starches: pressure-induced starch gelatinisation as pressure time temperature indicator for high hydrostatic pressure processing", JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING, BARKING, ESSEX, GB LNKD- DOI:10.1016/J.JFOODENG.2004.06.007, vol. 68, no. 3, 1 June 2005 (2005-06-01), pages 329 - 334, XP004729421, ISSN: 0260-8774 *
CARTER R E ET AL: "EXTRUSION STRESSES, DIE SWELL, AND VISCOUS HEATING EFFECTS IN DOUBLE-BASE PROPELLANTS.", JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY 1987 FEB, vol. 31, no. 2, February 1987 (1987-02-01), pages 151 - 173, XP008126853, DOI: 10.1122/1.549921 *
CROFTON DEREK J ET AL: "DIELECTRIC STUDIES OF CELLULOSE AND ITS DERIVATIVES - 2. EFFECTS OF PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE ON RELAXATION BEHAVIOUR.", POLYMER 1982 OCT, vol. V 23, no. N 11, October 1982 (1982-10-01), pages 1609 - 1614, XP002601212 *
OH H E ET AL: "Effect of high-pressure treatment on normal rice and waxy rice starch-in-water suspensions", CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS, APPLIED SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, LTD. BARKING, GB LNKD- DOI:10.1016/J.CARBPOL.2007.11.038, vol. 73, no. 2, 19 July 2008 (2008-07-19), pages 332 - 343, XP022589725, ISSN: 0144-8617, [retrieved on 20071214] *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109438143A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-03-08 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 一种反向浇铸包覆模具
CN109438142A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-03-08 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 一种用于包覆层制备的反向浇铸装置
CN109485528A (zh) * 2018-10-25 2019-03-19 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 一种包覆层制备装置
CN109485528B (zh) * 2018-10-25 2021-03-30 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 一种包覆层制备装置
CN109438142B (zh) * 2018-10-25 2021-03-30 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 一种用于包覆层制备的反向浇铸装置
CN109438143B (zh) * 2018-10-25 2021-03-30 山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司 一种反向浇铸包覆模具

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