EP2354843B1 - Eichung einer Linsenvorrichtung - Google Patents

Eichung einer Linsenvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2354843B1
EP2354843B1 EP10153060.8A EP10153060A EP2354843B1 EP 2354843 B1 EP2354843 B1 EP 2354843B1 EP 10153060 A EP10153060 A EP 10153060A EP 2354843 B1 EP2354843 B1 EP 2354843B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
iris
opening
image
camera
high frequency
Prior art date
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Application number
EP10153060.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2354843A1 (de
Inventor
Jonas Hjelmström
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Axis AB
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Axis AB
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Publication date
Application filed by Axis AB filed Critical Axis AB
Priority to EP10153060.8A priority Critical patent/EP2354843B1/de
Priority to TW100101619A priority patent/TWI488000B/zh
Priority to CN201110033523.2A priority patent/CN102148928B/zh
Priority to KR1020110010519A priority patent/KR101577606B1/ko
Priority to JP2011025514A priority patent/JP5425119B2/ja
Priority to US13/023,834 priority patent/US8270826B2/en
Publication of EP2354843A1 publication Critical patent/EP2354843A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2354843B1 publication Critical patent/EP2354843B1/de
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B7/00—Control of exposure by setting shutters, diaphragms or filters, separately or conjointly
    • G03B7/08—Control effected solely on the basis of the response, to the intensity of the light received by the camera, of a built-in light-sensitive device
    • G03B7/091—Digital circuits
    • G03B7/095—Digital circuits for control of aperture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B43/00—Testing correct operation of photographic apparatus or parts thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B7/00—Control of exposure by setting shutters, diaphragms or filters, separately or conjointly
    • G03B7/08—Control effected solely on the basis of the response, to the intensity of the light received by the camera, of a built-in light-sensitive device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B7/00—Control of exposure by setting shutters, diaphragms or filters, separately or conjointly
    • G03B7/08—Control effected solely on the basis of the response, to the intensity of the light received by the camera, of a built-in light-sensitive device
    • G03B7/091—Digital circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N17/00—Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details
    • H04N17/002—Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details for television cameras
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/75—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing optical camera components

Definitions

  • An adjustable iris can either be manual or automatic.
  • the iris can be adjusted by manually turning a ring on the lens to either open or to close the iris. This is not convenient in an environment with changing light conditions such as outdoors.
  • a camera with an automatic iris can be affected by diffraction and blurring if the iris opening becomes small. This problem is especially prominent in cameras with high resolution image sensors where the pixel size of the image sensor may be close to the diffraction limit of the camera optics. Therefore, the image quality in a camera is dependent on having an optimal iris opening for a given situation.
  • the P-Iris lens automatically provides the best iris position for optimal image quality in all light conditions.
  • the P-Iris lens allows cameras to reach a new level of performance in image quality.
  • the iris control will be especially beneficial for megapixel/HDTV cameras and demanding video surveillance applications.
  • a second aspect of the present invention relates to a camera comprising a lens device having an adjustable iris opening, processing means, memory means and image recording means, whereby the camera is operable to adjust the size of the iris opening between a first opening position and a second opening position, record a plurality of images during said adjusting, analyze said images, determine an iris opening, based on said analysis, that obtains a high quality image.
  • the camera is further operable to determine high frequency content in said recorded images, determine a high frequency value for each of said recorded images based on said determined high frequency content and determine information representative of the size of the iris opening corresponding to a recorded image with a specific high frequency value.
  • the electronic circuitry 104 in the P-Iris lens may also be comprised of processing means, capable of processing image data, one or several image sensors and memory storage for storing captured image data as well as results from the image processing.
  • the motor within the electronic circuitry 104, controlling the diaphragm blades 103 in the P-Iris, may be implemented using a DC motor with position feedback, a galvanometer with a Hall element, an ultrasonic motor, a stepping motor, or any other type of micro motor capable of precise positioning of the diaphragm blades 103. From hereinafter a stepping motor is assumed when exemplifying embodiments of the present invention.
  • the stepping motor is capable of controlling the diaphragm blades 103 in the P-Iris lens in discrete steps, from a position where light is not blocked by the diaphragm blades (here referred to as fully open position) to a position where the diaphragm blades are as closed as possible, or in some cases completely closed (here referred to as closed position).
  • closed position a position where the diaphragm blades are as closed as possible, or in some cases completely closed.
  • the P-Iris lens 101 may be, as shown in Figure 1 , attached to a camera body 102.
  • the camera body 102 may house at least one image sensor 110 capable of recording an image projected by the P-Iris lens 101 onto the surface of the image sensor 110.
  • the image sensor 110 may typically be a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) active-pixel sensor, but is not in any way limited to only these two types of sensors.
  • the image sensor 110 may in one embodiment be implemented within the electronic circuitry 104 in the P-Iris lens 101 instead of in the camera body 102.
  • the camera 100 may be remotely operated.
  • the remote operator may either be one or more persons, using the camera management user-interface, or a computerised operator such as a software program running on the camera management station 113.
  • a network connected camera 100 may also be able to send image data to one or more remote parties connected to the network for remote processing.
  • the F-number may be entered manually via a dial or a roll-list on the exterior of the P-Iris lens 101 or on the camera body 102.
  • the F-number may also be entered via a camera management user-interface 113 and downloaded via the network 112 to the processing means 107 of the camera.
  • the F-number may be pre-stored in a memory within the P-Iris lens and communicated to the processing means 107 of the camera via an interface 106 when a P-Iris lens 101 is attached to the camera body 102.
  • the F-number may in some cases be calculated from a calibration curve resulting from the calibration described hereinafter.
  • the HF value and the values of the exposure time and the gain of the image sensor 110 is determined and stored in the memory 108. If multiple images have been recorded the respective averaged values may be stored in the memory 108.
  • Figure 3b illustrates an alternative way of determining the optimal position of the iris via the HF values according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the derivative of each HF value using one or more adjacent HF values, is calculated. If the derivative is positive, as shown by the line 304, there is an increase in the HF values which means that the largest HF value is not reached. If the derivative is negative, as shown by the line 306, there is a decrease in the HF values which means that the largest HF value has been passed.
  • the largest HF value may be determined to be reached when the derivative is zero (or close to zero), meaning there is no (or very little) increase or decrease (i.e. close to parallel to the x-axis as shown by the line 305) between successive derivatives, or when the derivative changes its sign (going from a positive to a negative derivative or from a negative to a positive derivative).
  • stop criteria 209 in Figure 2b would be to observe the change in light between two (or more) images when determining the exposure time and gain values. If the light change is minimal (defined by a light threshold value), or non-existing, the stop criteria 209 would be fulfilled and the 'Record image' 203, 'Analyse image' 204 and 'Move towards end' 205 loop would be interrupted.
  • stop criteria 209 in Figure 2b would be to stop at the stepping motor step where the diffraction starts 401, since using a smaller aperture than this value would result in poor image quality.
  • the calculations to determine the optimal position and F scale may be performed on-the-fly at each step taken by the stepping motor instead of in flowchart step 207.
  • all recorded images 203 may initially be stored in the memory without performing the analysis in flowchart step 204.
  • the analysis according to flowchart step 204 may be performed before the calculations to determine the optimal position and F scale in flowchart step 207.
  • FIG. 6 shows a surveillance camera situated such that it records images of a car park and a street 601.
  • the moving cars in the upper left part of the image 600 may give rise to fast variations of the light in the scene, thus affecting the calibration of a camera with a P-Iris lens in a negative way (as discussed above).
  • the detrimental affect of the moving cars may be reduced or avoided.
  • the subarea should be selected from, and cover most of, the scene that is going to be surveilled or else the calibration may be erroneous. In some cases it may be better to choose another time of day to perform the calibration rather than to perform the calibration using a faulty subarea.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)
  • Exposure Control For Cameras (AREA)
  • Details Of Cameras Including Film Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Cameras (AREA)
  • Camera Bodies And Camera Details Or Accessories (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Verfahren in einer Kamera (100), die eine Linsenvorrichtung (101) mit einer einstellbaren Blendenöffnung umfasst, umfassend:
    - Einstellen (202, 205) der Größe der Blendenöffnung zwischen einer ersten Öffnungsposition und einer zweiten Öffnungsposition,
    - Aufzeichnen (203) einer Vielzahl von Bildern während des Einstellens,
    gekennzeichnet durch:
    - Analysieren (204) der Bilder, wobei das Analysieren das Bestimmen eines Hochfrequenzgehalts in den aufgezeichneten Bildern und das Bestimmen eines Hochfrequenzwerts für jedes der aufgezeichneten Bilder basierend auf dem bestimmten Hochfrequenzgehalt aufweist, und
    - Bestimmen (207) einer Blendenöffnung basierend auf Information, die die Größe der Blendenöffnung repräsentiert, die einem aufgezeichneten Bild mit einem spezifischen Hochfrequenzwert entspricht.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das aufgezeichnete Bild mit einem spezifischen bestimmten Hochfrequenzwert das aufgezeichnete Bild mit dem höchsten Hochfrequenzwert ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Bestimmen des Hochfrequenzgehalts weiter die Schritte umfasst von:
    - Auswählen von Teilbereichen in den aufgezeichneten Bildern, und
    - Messen des Hochfrequenzgehalts in den ausgewählten Teilbereichen.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das Analysieren weiter umfasst:
    - Erlangen einer absoluten F-Zahl, die einer spezifischen Blendenöffnung entspricht,
    - Bestimmen einer Expositionszeit und einer Bildsensorverstärkung in den aufgezeichneten Bildern, und
    - Berechnen einer Korrelationskurve zwischen einer Folge von Schritten basierend auf der bestimmten Expositionszeit, der Bildsensorverstärkung und der absoluten F-Zahl, wobei jeder Schritt eine spezifische Größe der Blendenöffnung und eine Folge von F-Zahlen der Linsenvorrichtung repräsentiert.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, wobei das Bestimmen der Expositionszeit und der Bildsensorverstärkung weiter die Schritte umfasst von:
    - Auswählen von Teilbereichen in den aufgezeichneten Bildern, und
    - Messen der Expositionszeit und der Bildsensorverstärkung in den ausgewählten Teilbereichen.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 5, weiter umfassend:
    - Bestimmen einer ersten F-Zahl, die die höchste F-Zahl ist, um ein Bild hoher Qualität mit einem vorbestimmten Lichtniveau zu erhalten,
    - Bestimmen einer zweiten F-Zahl, die dem spezifischen Hochfrequenzwert entspricht,
    - wenn die erste F-Zahl geringer als die zweite F-Zahl ist, basiert das Bestimmen der Blendenöffnung auf der ersten F-Zahl, und
    - wenn die erste F-Zahl höher als die zweite F-Zahl ist, basiert das Bestimmen der Blendenöffnung auf der zweiten F-Zahl.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Einstellen das Bereitstellen einer Folge von Steuersignalen an die Linsenvorrichtung umfasst, wobei die Folge von Steuersignalen einer Folge von Schritten entspricht, wobei jeder Schritt eine spezifischen Größe der Blendenöffnung repräsentiert.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die erste Öffnung kleiner als die zweite Öffnung ist.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die erste Öffnung größer als die zweite Öffnung ist.
  10. Kamera (100) umfassend:
    - eine Linsenvorrichtung (101) mit einer einstellbaren Blendenöffnung, Verarbeitungsmitteln (107), Speichermitteln (108) und Bildaufzeichnungsmitteln (110), wobei die Kamera konfiguriert ist zum:
    - Einstellen der Größe der Blendenöffnung zwischen einer ersten Öffnungsposition und einer zweiten Öffnungsposition durch die Verarbeitungs-mittel,
    - Aufzeichnen einer Vielzahl von Bildern während des Einstellens durch die Bildaufzeichnungsmittel,
    - Analysieren der Bilder durch die Verarbeitungsmittel, und
    - Bestimmen einer Blendenöffnung durch die Verarbeitungsmittel basierend auf der Analyse, die ein Bild hoher Qualität erhält,
    wobei die Kamera dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie weiter konfiguriert ist zum:
    - Bestimmen eines Hochfrequenzgehalts in den aufgezeichneten Bildern durch die Verarbeitungsmittel,
    - Bestimmen eines Hochfrequenzwertes für jedes der aufgezeichneten Bilder basierend auf dem bestimmten Hochfrequenzgehalt durch die Verarbeitungsmittel und
    - Bestimmen von Information, die die Größe der Blendenöffnung repräsentiert, die einem aufgezeichneten Bild mit einem spezifischen Hochfrequenzwert entspricht, durch die Verarbeitungsmittel.
  11. Kamera nach Anspruch 10, konfiguriert zum Bestimmen des aufgezeichneten Bildes mit einem spezifischen Hochfrequenzwert als das aufgezeichnete Bild mit dem höchsten Hochfrequenzwert.
  12. Kamera nach Anspruch 10, weiter konfiguriert zum:
    - Auswählen von Teilbereichen in den aufgezeichneten Bildern, und
    - Bestimmeneines Hochfrequenzgehalts in den ausgewählten Teil-bereichen.
  13. Kamera nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, konfiguriert zum:
    - Erlangen einer absoluten F-Zahl, die einer spezifischen Blendenöffnung entspricht,
    - Bestimmen einer Expositionszeit und einer Bildsensorverstärkung aus den aufgezeichneten Bildern, und
    - Berechnen einer Korrelationskurve zwischen der Folge von Schritten basierend auf der bestimmten Expositionszeit, der Bildsensorverstärkung und der absoluten F-Zahl, wobei jeder Schritt eine spezifische Größe der Blendenöffnung und eine Folge von F-Zahlen der Linsenvorrichtung repräsentiert.
  14. Kamera nach Anspruch 13, konfiguriert zum:
    - Auswählen von Teilbereichen in den aufgezeichneten Bildern, und
    - Bestimmen der Expositionszeit und der Bildsensorverstärkung in den ausgewählten Teilbereichen.
  15. Kamera nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 14, konfiguriert zum:
    - Bestimmen einer ersten F-Zahl, die die höchste F-Zahl ist, um ein Bild hoher Qualität mit einem vorbestimmten Lichtniveau zu erhalten,
    - Bestimmen einer zweiten F-Zahl, die dem spezifischen Hochfrequenzwert entspricht,
    - Einstellen der Blendenöffnung, wobei das Einstellen der Blendenöffnung auf der ersten F-Zahl basiert, wenn die erste F-Zahl geringer als die zweite F-Zahl ist, oder auf der zweiten F-Zahl basiert, wenn die erste F-Zahl höher als die zweite F-Zahl ist.
  16. Kamera nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 15, konfiguriert zum:
    - Bereitstellen einer Folge von Steuersignalen an die Linsenvorrichtung, wobei die Folge von Steuersignalen einer Folge von Schritten entspricht, wobei jeder Schritt eine spezifische Größe der Blendenöffnung repräsentiert.
  17. Computerlesbares Medium (700) mit computerausführbaren Komponenten, die Anweisungen umfassen, die, wenn sie auf einen Computer geladen werden, den Computer dazu veranlassen, das Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 durchzuführen.
EP10153060.8A 2010-02-09 2010-02-09 Eichung einer Linsenvorrichtung Active EP2354843B1 (de)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10153060.8A EP2354843B1 (de) 2010-02-09 2010-02-09 Eichung einer Linsenvorrichtung
TW100101619A TWI488000B (zh) 2010-02-09 2011-01-17 透鏡裝置的校準
CN201110033523.2A CN102148928B (zh) 2010-02-09 2011-01-31 镜头装置的校准
KR1020110010519A KR101577606B1 (ko) 2010-02-09 2011-02-07 렌즈 장치의 캘리브레이션
JP2011025514A JP5425119B2 (ja) 2010-02-09 2011-02-08 レンズ装置のキャリブレーション
US13/023,834 US8270826B2 (en) 2010-02-09 2011-02-09 Calibration of a lens device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10153060.8A EP2354843B1 (de) 2010-02-09 2010-02-09 Eichung einer Linsenvorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2354843A1 EP2354843A1 (de) 2011-08-10
EP2354843B1 true EP2354843B1 (de) 2020-01-01

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US (1) US8270826B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2354843B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5425119B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101577606B1 (de)
CN (1) CN102148928B (de)
TW (1) TWI488000B (de)

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CN102148928A (zh) 2011-08-10
JP5425119B2 (ja) 2014-02-26
CN102148928B (zh) 2015-07-15
TW201140228A (en) 2011-11-16
EP2354843A1 (de) 2011-08-10
US8270826B2 (en) 2012-09-18
KR20110093653A (ko) 2011-08-18
TWI488000B (zh) 2015-06-11
US20110194851A1 (en) 2011-08-11
KR101577606B1 (ko) 2015-12-15
JP2011164614A (ja) 2011-08-25

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