EP2368084B1 - Wärmetauscher - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2368084B1
EP2368084B1 EP09795504.1A EP09795504A EP2368084B1 EP 2368084 B1 EP2368084 B1 EP 2368084B1 EP 09795504 A EP09795504 A EP 09795504A EP 2368084 B1 EP2368084 B1 EP 2368084B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waves
passages
wave
liquid
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09795504.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2368084A2 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Crayssac
Frédéric Rousseau
Marc Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Priority to PL09795504T priority Critical patent/PL2368084T3/pl
Publication of EP2368084A2 publication Critical patent/EP2368084A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2368084B1 publication Critical patent/EP2368084B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the vaporization of a liquid by heat exchange with a second fluid by means of a heat exchanger of the vertical plate type according to the preamble of claim 1 and known from the document FR-A-2 547 898 . It applies in particular to air distillation plants.
  • the liquid oxygen which is in the bottom of the low pressure column is vaporized by heat exchange with the nitrogen gas taken at the top of the medium pressure column.
  • the temperature difference between the oxygen and the nitrogen made necessary by the structure of the heat exchanger imposes the operating pressure of the medium pressure column so it is desirable that this difference in temperature is as small as possible, in order to minimize the expenses related to the compression of the air to be treated injected into the medium-pressure column.
  • phase-change exchangers consist of aluminum exchangers with brazed plates and fins, which make it possible to obtain very compact members with a large exchange surface.
  • These exchangers consist of plates between which are inserted waves or fins, thus forming a stack of "passages” vaporization and "passages” condensation.
  • waves such as straight waves, perforated or “serrated” waves.
  • each vaporizer is conventionally carried out according to the principle described in FR-A-2547898 : the feeding of the vaporization passages is done by the top of the condensation passages. The oxygen then passes through a row of holes that ensure its primary distribution in the vaporization passages. It then flows through a horizontal generator waveband which provides a so-called secondary distribution (distribution of the liquid between channels).
  • the liquid oxygen that is vaporized contains impurities in dissolved form.
  • the main impurities are nitrous oxide (N 2 O), carbon (CO 2 ), hydrocarbons (C 2 , C 3 , ).
  • these impurities can be deposited in the vaporization passages (either in solid form or in liquid form). It is important to control industrially the formation of these solid or liquid deposits to avoid any risk of explosion.
  • the so-called secondary distribution uses a waveband with horizontal generator and partial shift.
  • the bar 7 has a U-shaped profile, consisting of two layers, including the outside has a rectangular section while the inside has a sinusoidal edge.
  • the Figure 1B we see the same part of the exchanger seen from the front.
  • the wave with horizontal generatrix 1 is located between two plates 35 defining an exchanger passage which is closed by a bar 7.
  • the bar is preferably composed of two layers but the inner layer has cutouts 33 or flattened according to the shape of the bar 7 where the U-shaped profile is removed, which allows the waves 1,3 of s 'embed in the bar 7.
  • a heat exchanger for vaporizing a liquid by heat exchange with a second fluid comprising a parallelepiped body formed of an assembly of parallel vertical plates defining between them a multitude of flat passages and side bars closing the outward passages, means for sending the liquid in a first set of passages and the second fluid in the remaining passages, a packing for distributing the liquid at the upper end of the passages of said first set, on any the horizontal length of these, by a fine distribution over the entire length of these passages, characterized in that at least one of the side bars has, towards the inside of the exchanger, a curved profile on most of its length and a flat profile over part of its length and in that an edge of the lining contacts the part of its length where the profile is flat.
  • a distillation air separation plant of the type comprising a first distillation column operating under a relatively high pressure, a second distillation column operating under a relatively low pressure, and a heat exchanger making it possible to put the bottom liquid of the second column in heat exchange relation with the overhead gas of the first column, characterized in that the heat exchanger as defined above and in that the installation comprises supply means for supplying the tank liquid to the exchanger and gas supply means for the passages of the exchanger.
  • Air separation systems of this kind correspond for the known part to a so-called double-column separation apparatus, well known from conventional works such as Kerry's "Tieftemperaturtechnik” or “Industrial Gas Handbook”.
  • the proposed solution aims to eliminate or greatly reduce existing free space in the area of the "serrated" wave at the horizontal generator ("hardway") currently used. For this, it is proposed to remove the profile of the lateral bar on the height of the wave of partial shift (“serrated”) with horizontal generatrix (“hardway”) (see figure 7 ). In addition, care must be taken to ensure that the junctions between the generator serrated wave mats ("serrated”) horizontal (“hardway”) are put end to end failing to use a single wave band across the width of the passage.
  • the first model is equipped with two classic sidebars (with curved profile) and the second is equipped with two sidebars whose empty spaces have been filled with aluminum to obtain a flat profile.
  • the liquid nitrogen flow rate is approximately 0.7 l / h / channel, which is slightly less than the flow rates conventionally used.
  • an exchanger is composed of an assembly of parallel vertical plates separated by bars 5.7 which clog the passages.
  • the plates define between them a multitude of flat passages.
  • a lining is placed at the top of the passages, constituted by a first and a second wave 1,3, each wave being a non-perforated aluminum sheet with horizontal generatrices. (so-called "hard way” arrangement with respect to the flow of liquid oxygen).
  • each horizontal or pseudo-horizontal facet of the wave 1,3 is provided with a punctured (non-illustrated) offset upward of a quarter wave pitch.
  • the width of the punctured measured along a generatrix of the wave, is of the same order as the distance separating each of them from the two adjacent flat on the same facet.
  • the liquid oxygen passes through holes placed above the packing, at a rate defined by the passage section of the latter and by the height of the liquid which surmounts it.
  • the holes thus ensure a rough predistribution of the liquid oxygen along the passages, and the liquid oxygen thus pre-distributed on the waves 1,3, which ensures a fine distribution over the entire length of each passage.
  • Liquid oxygen thus approaches lower waves with vertical generatrix 9 by dripping in a perfectly uniform manner on all the walls of the passages which are assigned to it, that is to say by forming on these walls a continuous descending film.
  • the nitrogen gas reaches the exchanger through distribution waves, then flows down along other passages. In doing so, it gradually gives up heat to the liquid oxygen in adjacent passages (not shown), so that oxygen vaporizes and simultaneously nitrogen condenses.
  • the two waves 1,3 should have the same configuration in terms of shapes and dimensions and be deposited so that their edges contact each other perfectly to prevent liquid leakage.
  • the bars 7 are formed with cutouts so that the wave 1 enters an opening in the bar on the left and the wave 3 enters an opening in the bar on the right. For this it is necessary that the total length of the packing formed by the waves is greater than the distance between the two inner edges of the bars.
  • the waves with horizontal generatrix ("hardway") 1.3 are in abutment against each other, but since it is necessary a clearance at each side bar 7 to allow adjustment between tolerances of the waves and tolerances of the bars, it there is a risk that the waves will move during soldering.
  • the waves can be attached to each other by blocking keys of the pieces 11 attached to the upper bar 5.
  • the Figure 7 shows stapling of the waves together by a staple 13.
  • the two waves are cut in the zigzag thickness, so that the two cuts marry perfectly and there is no play between the waves.
  • the waves 1,3 can be blocked together by shims 21 placed between the bars 5 and each wave, as can be seen in FIG. Figure 10 .
  • shims 21 placed between the bars 5 and each wave, as can be seen in FIG. Figure 10 .
  • the two waves 1,3 fit and fit together.
  • the Figures 12A and 12B show details of the Figure 7 where we see that the staples 13 are embedded in the cuts of the partial shift waves.
  • the Figure 13 represents waves 1,3 attached by springs 23 which are embedded in several cuts of each partial shift wave.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Wärmetauscher (2) zum Verdampfen einer Flüssigkeit durch Wärmeaustausch mit einem zweiten Fluid, umfassend einen parallelepipedischen Körper, der aus einer Anordnung paralleler vertikaler Platten (4) ausgebildet ist, die zwischen ihnen eine Mehrzahl von flachen Durchgängen und Seitenleisten (7) definieren, welche die Durchgänge nach außen schließen, Mittel zum Fördern der Flüssigkeit in einem ersten Satz von Durchgängen und des zweiten Fluids in den übrigen Durchgängen, eine Packung (1,3) zum Verteilen der Flüssigkeit am oberen Ende der Durchgänge des ersten Satzes, über ihre gesamte horizontale Länge, durch eine feine Verteilung über die gesamte Länge dieser Durchgänge, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der Seitenleisten, zum Inneren des Wärmetauschers hin, ein gewölbtes Profil über den größten Teil seiner Länge und ein flaches Profil über einen Teil seiner Länge aufweist, und dass eine Kante der Packung den Teil seiner Länge berührt, in dem das Profil flach ist.
  2. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Packung (1,3) sich in mindestens eine der Seitenleisten (7) einfügt.
  3. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Packung aus mindestens zwei Wellen (1,3) mit im Wesentlichen identischer Wellenform und -abmessung und mit horizontalen Erzeugenden und mit teilweiser vertikaler Versetzung ausgebildet ist, wobei die mindestens zwei Wellen einander berühren, vorzugsweise derart, dass die Kanten der Wellen perfekt zusammenlaufen, ohne ein Spiel zwischen den Wellen zu hinterlassen.
  4. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die beiden Wellen (1,3) gegenseitig durchdringen.
  5. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zwei Wellen (1,3) mindestens einen Ausschnitt aufweisen, und dass die Ausschnitte der zwei Wellen miteinander verschmelzen und gegebenenfalls:
    a) jede Welle einen L-förmigen Ausschnitt aufweist, so dass für eine Welle ein oberer Teil der Welle eine Breite l hat, die weniger breit ist als der Rest der Welle, die eine Breite L hat, und für die andere Welle ein unterer Teil die Breite l hat und weniger breit ist als der Rest der Welle, der eine Breite L hat, wobei die Summe von l und L gleich der Gesamtbreite der Durchgänge ist oder
    b) der Ausschnitt in jeder Welle eine Zickzackform aufweist.
  6. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 3 oder einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wenn diese von Anspruch 3 abhängen, wobei mindestens zwei Wellen (1,3), vorzugsweise mindestens drei Wellen, überlagert sind, wobei jede Welle eine Breite hat, die größer als die Hälfte der Gesamtbreite der Durchgänge und kleiner als die Gesamtbreite der Durchgänge ist, so dass sich die Wellen überlappen.
  7. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 3 oder einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wenn diese von Anspruch 3 abhängen, wobei die Wellen (1,3) durch Klammern, Sperrkeile und/oder Federn (13, 23) aneinander angebracht sind.
  8. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 3 oder einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wenn diese von Anspruch 3 abhängen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wellen (1,3) sich ineinander verspannen und/oder sich ineinanderfügen.
  9. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, umfassend Wellen mit vertikalen Erzeugenden, die unterhalb der Packung angeordnet sind.
  10. Anlage zur Lufttrennung durch Destillation, umfassend eine erste Destillationskolonne, die mit relativ hohem Druck arbeitet, eine zweite Destillationskolonne, die mit relativ niedrigem Druck arbeitet, und einen Wärmetauscher, der es ermöglicht, die Tankflüssigkeit der zweiten Kolonne in eine thermische Austauschbeziehung mit dem Kopfgas der ersten Kolonne zu bringen, wobei der Wärmetauscher wie in einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche definiert ist und die Anlage Versorgungsmittel zum Zuführen der Tankflüssigkeit zu dem Wärmetauscher und Gasversorgungsmittel für die Durchgänge des Wärmetauschers umfasst.
EP09795504.1A 2008-11-24 2009-11-24 Wärmetauscher Active EP2368084B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09795504T PL2368084T3 (pl) 2008-11-24 2009-11-24 Wymiennik ciepła

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0857951A FR2938904B1 (fr) 2008-11-24 2008-11-24 Echangeur de chaleur
PCT/FR2009/052269 WO2010058142A2 (fr) 2008-11-24 2009-11-24 Echangeur de chaleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2368084A2 EP2368084A2 (de) 2011-09-28
EP2368084B1 true EP2368084B1 (de) 2018-05-30

Family

ID=40897275

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09795504.1A Active EP2368084B1 (de) 2008-11-24 2009-11-24 Wärmetauscher

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9086244B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2368084B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2012516425A (de)
CN (1) CN102334002B (de)
FR (1) FR2938904B1 (de)
PL (1) PL2368084T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2010058142A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2015996B1 (en) * 2015-12-21 2017-06-30 Recair Holding B V Heat exchanger.
FR3065795B1 (fr) * 2017-04-27 2019-06-14 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Echangeur de chaleur a jonction d'ondes amelioree, installation de separation d'air associee et procede de fabrication d'un tel echangeur
US11255610B2 (en) * 2020-01-22 2022-02-22 Cooler Master Co., Ltd. Pulse loop heat exchanger and manufacturing method of the same

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US3310105A (en) * 1964-06-15 1967-03-21 Trane Co Heat exchanger with combined closing member and fluid distributor
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FR2547898B1 (fr) * 1983-06-24 1985-11-29 Air Liquide Procede et dispositif pour vaporiser un liquide par echange de chaleur avec un deuxieme fluide, et leur application a une installation de distillation d'air
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GB2316478A (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-02-25 Imi Marston Ltd Liquefaction heat exchanger
JP4592125B2 (ja) * 1998-10-05 2010-12-01 大陽日酸株式会社 流下液膜式凝縮蒸発器
FR2790546B1 (fr) * 1999-03-01 2001-04-20 Air Liquide Echangeur de chaleur, applications a la vaporisation de liquide sous pression et appareil de distillation d'air equipe d'un tel echangeur
FR2819048B1 (fr) * 2000-12-28 2005-08-19 Air Liquide Ailette ondulee pour echangeur de chaleur a plaques brasees et echangeur de chaleur correspondant
JP4739347B2 (ja) * 2005-10-13 2011-08-03 株式会社ソニー・コンピュータエンタテインメント 電子装置及びヒートシンク
JP4704928B2 (ja) * 2006-02-15 2011-06-22 大陽日酸株式会社 熱交換型蒸留装置
CN100518475C (zh) * 2006-06-02 2009-07-22 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 散热装置
JP4577291B2 (ja) * 2006-09-29 2010-11-10 株式会社デンソー 冷媒蒸発器

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2368084T3 (pl) 2018-11-30
CN102334002B (zh) 2014-11-05
JP2012516425A (ja) 2012-07-19
US9086244B2 (en) 2015-07-21
EP2368084A2 (de) 2011-09-28
FR2938904B1 (fr) 2012-05-04
WO2010058142A3 (fr) 2012-11-15
CN102334002A (zh) 2012-01-25
WO2010058142A2 (fr) 2010-05-27
US20110220482A1 (en) 2011-09-15
FR2938904A1 (fr) 2010-05-28

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