EP2372295A1 - Wuchtgeschoss mit Stufenprofil - Google Patents

Wuchtgeschoss mit Stufenprofil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2372295A1
EP2372295A1 EP11290133A EP11290133A EP2372295A1 EP 2372295 A1 EP2372295 A1 EP 2372295A1 EP 11290133 A EP11290133 A EP 11290133A EP 11290133 A EP11290133 A EP 11290133A EP 2372295 A1 EP2372295 A1 EP 2372295A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
kinetic energy
indenter
front part
penetrator according
energy penetrator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11290133A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2372295B1 (de
Inventor
Niolas Eches
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KNDS Ammo France SA
Original Assignee
Nexter Munitions SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexter Munitions SA filed Critical Nexter Munitions SA
Publication of EP2372295A1 publication Critical patent/EP2372295A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2372295B1 publication Critical patent/EP2372295B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/08—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with armour-piercing caps; with armoured cupola
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
    • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of kinetic energy penetrators intended to be dispersed by a carrier such as a missile to destroy targets concreted and scraped.
  • Cruise missiles are known that are capable of destroying large concrete thicknesses (close to one meter). However, these missiles have a large mass (greater than 500 kg, or even close to 1000 kg) and very expensive to implement. They are not adapted to more modest concrete targets, having a thickness of the order of a few tens of centimeters.
  • Lighter guided munitions (mass in the range of 20 to 50 kg), such as air-to-ground or ground-to-ground missiles, should be provided with the ability to perforate concrete targets. However, it is then necessary to reduce the weight of the perforator to less than 10 kilograms, which greatly affects its effectiveness, and moreover the speed imparted by the missile to this puncher remains moderate (less than 500 meters per second).
  • the patent EP965028 proposes to have a tungsten alloy ballast inside a steel casing. This solution effectively increases the mass to diameter ratio of the indenter which is favorable to perforation.
  • the object of the invention is to propose an indenter for overcoming such disadvantages.
  • the indenter according to the invention has an architecture which makes it possible to optimize its perforation capacities but which nevertheless allows a large amount of explosive transport to ensure a generation of chips having a high speed and efficiency.
  • the subject of the invention is a kinetic energy indenter comprising a piercing body enclosing an explosive charge that can be initiated by a priming means, an indenter characterized in that the body comprises two substantially cylindrical parts: a front part extended by a ogive and a rear portion, the rear portion having an outer diameter greater than that of the front portion and being connected thereto by a transition zone, the indenter further comprising an internal bore extending along the two portions, bore inside which is housed the explosive charge, the wall of the body having substantially the same thickness along the front, rear and transition zone.
  • the thickness of the front part of the body increases gradually and continuously at its connection with the warhead.
  • the cylindrical body is made in one piece with the ogive.
  • the front part of the body is a tubular element which is closed at its front by the ogive.
  • the body can be made of steel.
  • the body may be made of a tungsten-based material having a practical resistance at 0.2% elongation (R P0.2 ) which is greater than or equal to 1000 MPa.
  • the material of the body will be able to bring embrittlement favoring the fragmentation.
  • the indenter may have a length less than or equal to 500 mm and a diameter less than or equal to 100 mm.
  • the front portion may have a length of between 30 and 60% of the total length of the indenter.
  • the diameter of the rear portion may be between 120% and 150% of that of the front portion.
  • the transition zone advantageously has a slope of between 55% and 215%.
  • the figure 1 shows a kinetic energy indenter 1 which comprises a perforation body 2 delimiting an internal cavity 2a enclosing an explosive charge 3 that can be initiated by a priming means 4 (or rocket).
  • the rocket 4 will for example be designed to ensure the initiation of the explosive charge 3 with a certain delay after the impact on a target. It is then certain to initiate the explosive charge 3 once the target crossed.
  • the body 2 has a stepped profile and comprises two substantially cylindrical parts: a front portion 2.1 extended by a nose 5 and a rear portion 2.2.
  • the rear portion 2.2 has an outer diameter D 2.2 which is greater than that (D 2.1 ) of the front part 2.1.
  • the rear part 2.2 and the front part 2.1 are connected to each other by a transition zone 2.3 whose diameter increases progressively from the front part 2.1 to the rear part 2.2.
  • This transition zone 2.3 is here conical.
  • the bore 2a of the body 2 extends along the two parts 2.2 and 2.1.
  • the wall of the body 2 of the indenter 1 has substantially the same thickness E along the front portions 2.1, rear 2.2 and the transition zone 2.3, which contributes to the homogeneity of the sizes of chips generated.
  • This thickness E is chosen sufficiently low so that the explosive carry 3 is maximum and the effectiveness of the chips is ensured during the initiation of the load 3.
  • embrittlement promoting fragmentation can be provided on the outside of the body 2 (and this as well at the front portion 2.1 that the rear portion 2.2 and the intermediate zone 2.3) embrittlement promoting fragmentation.
  • embrittlement 6 formed by a network of lines 6a, 6b delimiting the desired chips. This embrittlement can be performed by laser, electron bombardment or machining.
  • the ogive 5 connects continuously with the cylindrical body 2. There is no discontinuity in the ogive / body outer connection profile la. Furthermore, it is also noted that the explosive material 3 comprises a front portion 3a, of length A and gradually decreasing diameter, front portion 3a which penetrates at the rear of the nose 5.
  • the thickness E of the body 2 grows gradually and continuously over the entire length A. This results in improved mechanical strength during the impact of the body 2 on a target.
  • the warhead 5 does not separate from the body 2 despite the fact that the thickness E of the latter is minimized to ensure the formation of the desired chips.
  • the solid portion of the warhead 5 extends over a length B.
  • a body 2 will be defined so that the solid length B is between 20% and 35% of the total length L of the body 2. This ensures a length LAB of the fragment generating portion to obtain a satisfactory amount of chips.
  • the diameter of the rear portion 2.2 is greater than the diameter of the front portion 2.1.
  • the indenter according to the invention has a length less than or equal to 500 mm and a maximum diameter (rear portion 2.2) which is less than or equal to 100 mm.
  • the mass of the rear portion 2.2 is increased and it communicates to the front part 2.1, inertia during impact, a force that helps the perforation of the target.
  • the dimensions of the indenter 1 will be adapted according to the material used and the expected performance. It will be possible, as the case may be, to lengthen the front part 2.1 to increase the perforating power or to lengthen the rear part to increase the generating power of fragments after crossing a target.
  • the front portion will have a length of between 30 and 60% of the total length of the indenter.
  • the outer diameter of the rear portion 2.2 will be adapted to the mass of explosive 3 that is sought to carry.
  • the diameter of the rear portion 2.2 will for example be between 120% and 150% of that of the front portion 2.1.
  • the length and slope of the transition zone 2.3 will depend on the difference in diameter between the front part 2.1 and the rear part 2.2. It will be sought to give this transition zone 2.3 a slope sufficiently reduced so that the progression of the rear portion 2.2 in the target is favored.
  • the transition zone 2.3 will thus generally have a slope of between 55% and 215% (conical zone of half-angle at the apex substantially between 30 ° and 65 °).
  • the front part 2.1 which is designed (from the point of view of diameter and warhead profile) to cross the concrete target, retains its penetration capabilities. This front portion 2.1 sufficiently degrades the concrete so that the rear portion 2.2 is not too slow when it in turn impacts the target.
  • the rear portion 2.2 comes into contact with the target only when the latter is already perforated by the front portion 2.1.
  • the material of the body 2 will be chosen according to the targets that are to be destroyed and according to the cost and integration constraints in the carrier missile.
  • the body 2 may be made entirely of steel.
  • the thickness E of the wall will be of the order of 5 to 7 mm.
  • the body 2 of a material based on tungsten (density greater than or equal to 17) and with high mechanical characteristics, ie having a practical resistance at 0.2% elongation (R P0.2 ) greater than or equal to 1000 Mega Pascals.
  • tungsten alloys are those commonly used to make arrows ammunition bars.
  • the patent FR2622209 describes an example of such a material.
  • Tungsten alloys have a density substantially double that of steel.
  • the volume of material of the body 2 itself can be halved for a comparable mass of penetrator 1, which reduces the thickness of the wall E to about 3 to 5 mm.
  • the explosive carry 3 can then be higher and a large length of body having an effective fragmentation (length LAB) can be obtained.
  • the length LAB can thus represent nearly 70% of the total length L.
  • the density of the tungsten also makes it possible to obtain splinters which, for a given mass, are twice as small as steel splinters. This results in a reduction in the aerodynamic drag of the bursts, thus increasing their speed of impact at great distances.
  • the perforation capabilities of the chips are also increased because of their higher density. Splinters are therefore much more effective, especially at a great distance.
  • the dimensions of tungsten chips being smaller, there will be more fragments on the same length of indenter.
  • the front part 2.1 and the rear part 2.2 are two distinct parts (of different diameters) connected to each other by a connecting piece (which plays the role of intermediate zone) .
  • a connecting piece which plays the role of intermediate zone.
  • the tungsten front part with high mechanical properties (practical resistance to 0.2% elongation (R P0.2 ) greater than or equal to 1000 Mega Pascals) and the rear part made of steel.
  • the explosive charge will of course be poured into the body 2 after assembly of the front and rear parts.
  • the ogive 5 in the form of a separate part attached to the front part.
  • the front part 2.1 of the body is then a tubular element which is closed at its front by the ogive 5.
  • a securing means such as a thread or radial pins (not shown).
  • the nose 5 has a rear portion 5a thinned which is positioned on a cylindrical surface 2b of the front portion 2.1 of the body.
  • This front portion 2.1 also abuts against a shoulder 5b of the nose 5, while the rear of the nose is in abutment against a counterbore 2c of the front portion 2.1.
  • These machining operations are carried out in such a way that there is no roughness or geometric discontinuities in the profile of the penetrator when the ogive 5 passes to the cylindrical front part 2.1, and this both at the level of the external profile at the level of the internal profile receiving the explosive 3.
  • the explosive material 3 comprises a front portion 3a, of length A and gradually decreasing diameter, which penetrates at the rear of the ogive 5.
  • the thickness E of the front portion 2.1 carrying the nose 5 grows gradually and continuously over the entire length A. This again results in improved mechanical strength when the penetrator 1 is impacted on a target.
  • One of the advantages of this variant is that it allows the front portion 2.1 of the body to be made of a material different from that of the nose 5.
  • a perforating ogive made of a tungsten-based material having a practical resistance at 0.2% elongation (R P0.2 ) greater than or equal to 1500 mega-pascals and an elongation greater than 8% may be associated.
  • the material of the ogive 5 is then a material used in the kinetic perforators (ammunition arrow for tank gun). Such a material is described for example by the patent EP313484 . Such mechanical characteristics are obtained generally by the implementation, after the sintering steps, of a wrought (or hardening).
  • the patent EP313484 describes in detail such a manufacturing method.
  • the material of the front part 2.1 is a sintered and uncorrealed tungsten alloy.
  • the patent EP349446 describes in its preamble a process for obtaining such a material.
  • This variant makes it possible to optimize the material of the front part 2.1 of the body for the formation of fragments while the material of the ogive 5 is optimized for perforation. This reinforces the chip generation capacity of the penetrator while maintaining good perforation performance.
  • front parts 2.1 and rear 2.2 in the same material promoting the generation of chips and the ogive 5 perforating material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
EP20110290133 2010-03-30 2011-03-16 Wuchtgeschoss mit Stufenprofil Active EP2372295B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1001302A FR2958392A1 (fr) 2010-03-30 2010-03-30 Penetrateur a energie cinetique a profil etage.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2372295A1 true EP2372295A1 (de) 2011-10-05
EP2372295B1 EP2372295B1 (de) 2013-10-30

Family

ID=43036986

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110290133 Active EP2372295B1 (de) 2010-03-30 2011-03-16 Wuchtgeschoss mit Stufenprofil

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2372295B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2441588T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2958392A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2597416A3 (de) * 2011-11-22 2015-04-01 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Panzerbrechende Geschossanordnung
CN113607010A (zh) * 2021-08-03 2021-11-05 中山大学 一种深海环境高速侵彻试验装置和方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019113325A1 (de) 2019-05-20 2020-11-26 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Penetrator, Verwendung eines Penetrators und Geschoss
DE102020116589A1 (de) 2020-06-24 2021-12-30 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Penetrator, Verwendung eines Penetrators und Geschoss
DE102020120747A1 (de) 2020-08-06 2022-02-10 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Penetrator, Verwendung eines Penetrators und Geschoss

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2376396A2 (fr) * 1976-12-31 1978-07-28 Thomson Brandt Corps perforant de projectile et munition equipee d'un tel corps
EP0084007A1 (de) 1982-01-08 1983-07-20 Matra Zweistufige Durchschlagbombe
DE3408113C1 (de) * 1984-03-06 1985-05-23 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Gefechtskopf
US4573412A (en) * 1984-04-27 1986-03-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Plug nozzle kinetic energy penetrator rocket
EP0313484A1 (de) 1987-10-23 1989-04-26 Cime Bocuze Sa Wolfram-Nickel-Eisen-Schwermetallegierungen mit sehr hohen mechanischen Eigenschaften und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Legierungen
DE3802002A1 (de) * 1988-01-25 1989-08-10 Kaltmann Hans Joachim Zuender- und sprengstoffloses geschoss fuer rohrwaffen
EP0349446A1 (de) 1988-06-22 1990-01-03 Cime Bocuze Verfahren zum direkten Verformen und Optimieren der mechanischen Eigenschaften von Panzergeschossen aus Wolframlegierungen mit hohem spezifischem Gewicht
EP0965028A2 (de) 1997-12-03 1999-12-22 Raytheon Company Gefechtskopf für flugkörper
US20040231552A1 (en) * 2003-05-23 2004-11-25 Mayersak Joseph R. Kinetic energy cavity penetrator weapon
US7448324B1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2008-11-11 At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. Segmented rod projectile

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2376396A2 (fr) * 1976-12-31 1978-07-28 Thomson Brandt Corps perforant de projectile et munition equipee d'un tel corps
EP0084007A1 (de) 1982-01-08 1983-07-20 Matra Zweistufige Durchschlagbombe
EP0084007B1 (de) * 1982-01-08 1985-04-24 Matra Zweistufige Durchschlagbombe
DE3408113C1 (de) * 1984-03-06 1985-05-23 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Gefechtskopf
US4573412A (en) * 1984-04-27 1986-03-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Plug nozzle kinetic energy penetrator rocket
EP0313484A1 (de) 1987-10-23 1989-04-26 Cime Bocuze Sa Wolfram-Nickel-Eisen-Schwermetallegierungen mit sehr hohen mechanischen Eigenschaften und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Legierungen
FR2622209A1 (fr) 1987-10-23 1989-04-28 Cime Bocuze Alliages lourds de tungstene-nickel-fer a tres hautes caracteristiques mecaniques et procede de fabrication desdits alliages
DE3802002A1 (de) * 1988-01-25 1989-08-10 Kaltmann Hans Joachim Zuender- und sprengstoffloses geschoss fuer rohrwaffen
EP0349446A1 (de) 1988-06-22 1990-01-03 Cime Bocuze Verfahren zum direkten Verformen und Optimieren der mechanischen Eigenschaften von Panzergeschossen aus Wolframlegierungen mit hohem spezifischem Gewicht
EP0965028A2 (de) 1997-12-03 1999-12-22 Raytheon Company Gefechtskopf für flugkörper
US20040231552A1 (en) * 2003-05-23 2004-11-25 Mayersak Joseph R. Kinetic energy cavity penetrator weapon
US7448324B1 (en) * 2006-05-03 2008-11-11 At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. Segmented rod projectile

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2597416A3 (de) * 2011-11-22 2015-04-01 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Panzerbrechende Geschossanordnung
CN113607010A (zh) * 2021-08-03 2021-11-05 中山大学 一种深海环境高速侵彻试验装置和方法
CN113607010B (zh) * 2021-08-03 2022-06-07 中山大学 一种深海环境高速侵彻试验装置和方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2441588T3 (es) 2014-02-05
EP2372295B1 (de) 2013-10-30
FR2958392A1 (fr) 2011-10-07

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