Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
  • G09F27/00—Combined visual and audible advertising or displaying, e.g. for public address
  • G09F27/007—Displays with power supply provided by solar cells or photocells
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
  • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
  • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
  • F24S80/58—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by their mountings or fixing means
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
  • G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
  • G09F19/12—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects
  • G09F19/14—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects displaying different signs depending upon the view-point of the observer
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
  • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
  • H02S40/20—Optical components
  • H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
  • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
  • H10F77/70—Surface textures, e.g. pyramid structures
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
  • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
  • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
  • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
  • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an optical assembly and more specifically to an improved solar panel of the type capable of allowing the visualization of an image on at least a part of its surface.
• This invention is particularly interesting in that it allows in particular to attract the attention of an individual on a particular message including advertising, but also, conversely, to hide in the eyes of an observer the solar panel itself even by giving the image that it displays that of the background on which it is arranged, and in particular for example a roof image.
• Such an improved solar panel, or optical assembly consists of a solar panel proper of known type on which is disposed a transparent film on which has been printed an image which has been erased a series of parallel rectilinear strips of the same widths and equidistant from each other, and a lenticular surface consisting of a juxtaposition of identical rectilinear lenses of convex plane section whose width is equal to the sum of a transparent bandwidth plus an image bandwidth, and whose flat face is turned towards the image ; the longitudinal axis of the lenses being parallel to the image bands and the transparent bands, said transparent bands and image bands being positioned between the surface of the solar panel and the lenticular surface, at the focal plane of the lenses, so that an observer will not see than the image bands or the surface of the solar panel, this alternative being a function of the angle of vision under which the lenticular surface is observed.
• the present invention proposes to improve the solar panels of this type by proposing an optical assembly making it possible to improve the two essential functions of these panels, namely the "vision function”, that is to say the formation of the image perceived by an observer, and the "energy function”, that is to say the production of electrical energy provided by the panel. It proposes to improve in particular the extent of the observation range of the image, mainly for grazing angles.
• the present invention also proposes to allow the designers of such solar panels to control the relative importance of these two functions, that is to say to favor one of them by to the other and this according to their specific needs for specific applications.
• the present invention thus relates to an optical assembly for displaying an image on the surface of a solar panel, of the type comprising a solar panel covered on at least a portion of its surface with a lenticular array, between which an image is provided in the form of substantially equidistant parallel strips and a determined pitch, wherein:
• the lenticular network has a plane internal surface and an external surface formed by the external face of a series of identical and contiguous transparent cylindrical elements whose generator is parallel to said strips, the external side of the base of each cylindrical element has a asymmetrical profile
• the width of the base of each cylindrical element is equal to the pitch of the bands; the bands are arranged in such a way that for a first angular range of given angles of incidence under which the optical assembly is intended to be observed, radiation can reach an area in which a strip is arranged and that, for a second angular range of given incidences, different from the first angular range, radiation can reach the active surface of the solar panel in a zone at least partially unmasked by groups.
• Said outer side will preferably be formed of two parts may comprise at least one line segment which will be connected to a vertex.
• the two parts can be connected by a concavity arc curved inwards.
• At least one of the two parts may also be formed of an arc concavity oriented inwardly, which may be a parabola arc.
• the two parts will consist of two arcs of parabola which are connected at their apex, the axis of these two arcs of parabola being perpendicular to the planar face of the lenticular array.
• the bands may be formed on the internal face of the lenticular network or on the surface of the solar panel, by a reproduction method such as, in particular, a screen printing or printing process. They may also be supported by a transparent film that can be glued on at least one of the optical surfaces with which it is in contact. Otherwise :
• each cylindrical element may be between 0.05 and 0.45 or between 0.55 and 0.95 and preferably be between 0.1 and 0.3 or between 0.7 and 0.9,
• the pitch of the strips may be between 0.1 mm and 10 mm and preferably be of the order of 4 mm
• the thickness of the lenticular network may be between 0.1 mm and 10 mm and preferably be order of 3 mm
• the ratio of the offset of the bands on the pitch thereof may be between 0.05 and 0.5 and preferably be of the order of 0.15
• the height of the cylindrical elements may be between 0.05 mm and 1.5 mm and preferably of the order of 0.5 mm
• the ratio of the width of the bands on the pitch thereof may be between 0.1 and 0.6 and preferably be of the order of 0.17.
• the present invention also relates to a roof panel characterized in that it uses an optical assembly according to one of the preceding characteristics and is arranged on a roof. The strips of this panel will be able to reproduce the geometry and / or the color of the roof on which it is arranged.
• This panel may form with the horizontal an angle between 0 ° and 50 ° and preferably of the order of 35 °.
• the optical assembly according to the invention in addition to use in the field of roof panels, may also be used for the production of billboards, for example in vertical arrangement, including advertising panels.
• the present invention also relates to a method for adjusting the positioning of a printing element intended to print colored strips parallel to the corrugations of a lenticular network used in the production of an optical assembly as defined above, on a transparent medium, in particular constituted by said lenticular network, this method comprising the steps of: producing a pattern of said strips on the printing element, - reproducing these strips, by means of the printing element, on an intermediate transparent support in order to constitute a test pattern,
• the printing element may consist of a screen printing screen.
• the strips can be printed on the flat face of the lenticular array or on the surface of the solar panel, and can be used for this purpose an ink or enamel type paint.
• FIG. 1 is a partial elevational general view of an optical assembly according to FIG. invention disposed on the roof of a building
• FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a lenticular array implemented in the optical assembly according to the invention
• FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c are partial cross-sectional views of an optical assembly according to FIG. the invention, in a representation configuration respectively of the "vision" function and the "energy” function,
• FIGS. 4a, 4b and 4c are partial cross-sectional views of an alternative embodiment of the optical assembly shown in FIGS. 3a to 3c,
• FIGS. 5a and 5b are partial cross-sectional views of another variant of an optical assembly according to the invention.
• FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of another variant of a set; optical according to the invention.
• the optical assembly 1 is disposed on the tiles of the roof 3 of a dwelling inclined at an angle CC relative to the horizontal and the it is desired ("vision" function) that its appearance, for an individual who observes it from the ground, be as discreet as possible.
• vision function
• the image that is desired to send back to the user is a reproduction of the tiles in the middle of which the optical assembly 1 is disposed.
• the optical assembly 1 thus consists of a solar panel 5 on the external face 5a of which a lenticular array 9 is arranged.
• This lenticular network which is made of a transparent material, such as in particular glass, has a flat inner face 9a which is applied against the solar panel 5 and a corrugated outer surface 9b.
• Figure 2 a schematic example of such a lenticular array in relation to the references used hereafter to designate the elements constituting it.
• the lenticular network is associated with the solar panel by any technique known to those skilled in the art, in particular by laminating with a thermoplastic interlayer (EVA, PVB, ).
• the flat internal face 9a is covered with a series of rectilinear and parallel colored strips 7 reproducing the shape and the color of the tiles of the roof 3.
• These strips 7 are notably made by a screen-printing type process, although any other method of reproduction can also be used.
• These strips 7 of width L_, of the order of 1 mm, are distributed on the face 9a with a pitch p of the order of 4 mm in the present example.
• the strips 7 can also be formed on the face of the solar panel 5 intended to come into contact with the flat face 9a of the lenticular network 9.
• the strips 7 may also consist of elements that are adhered to at least one of the optical surfaces to be brought into contact, namely one face of the solar panel 5 and the flat face 9a of the lenticular array 9.
• the corrugated outer face 9b of the lenticular network 9 is formed by the outer face of cylindrical elements 9c of generatrices respectively parallel to the longitudinal direction of the strips 7 and whose base surface is substantially made up of ASB triangles of height h, the point S being located at the top of the undulations, and its projection on the segment AB being distant by a length a of the end A.
• Each of these cylindrical elements 9c thus forms a diopter, whose cross section is hatched in the figures.
• the width AB, or pitch P, of each of the diopters 9c is close to the value of the pitch p of the strips 7 and preferably equal to the latter.
• FIG. 1 With regard to the "vision" function, FIG.
• 3a shows the extreme rays able to be refracted by each of the diopters, and this for two incidences, namely 60 ° (solid lines) and 80 ° (dashed lines) by relative to the normal yy 'to the flat face 9a of the lenticular array, which are the extreme incidences under which it is desired that an observer be able to observe the optical assembly 1.
• the beam of incidence rays 60 ° is thus refracts in a base area GH of plane 5a carrying strips 7, and the 80 ° incidence beam beam refracts similarly in a base area IJ.
• Arrangements should be made to arrange the strips 7 so that they lie and cover the common basic area IH so that, under these conditions, whatever the angle between 60 ° and 80 ° under which an observer observes the optical assembly according to the invention, it will see the band portion included in the base area IH.
• the efficiency of the "vision" function can be improved by widening the strip 7 in the zone HH ', the latter corresponding to the incident rays at 60 ° of the doubly shaded part, which is negligible in this example .
• the center of each of the strips 7 is thus shifted at a distance D with respect to the projection of the point A on the plane on which the strips are located.
• the 50 ° incidence beam of solar radiation strikes the solar panel 5 in a base area GH without bands 7, so that they do not perform any occultation. of the active surface of the solar panel 5.
• the beam of solar rays of incidence -10 ° such is not the case, and one note that the latter strike the solar panel 5 in a base area IJ in which is disposed a strip 7, so that it obscures a portion of the active surface of the solar panel 5 losing the latter part of its efficiency .
• the faces 9 '' and 9 '' of the diopter 9c have been made capable of focusing the light rays by giving each of them a curvature, particularly in the form of an arc.
• parabola as shown in Figures 4a and 4b.
• These two parabolic arches AS and SB are connected to the point S which constitutes their apex, and the axis of these two arcs of parabola is constituted by the axis yy 'passing through the point S and perpendicular to the planar face 9a of the lenticular array 9.
• these two arcs are of unequal values, the arc AS located on the observer side being of greater importance than the arc SB, so that the diopter 9c is asymmetrical, the ratio a / P being equal to 0.65.
• FIG. 4a shows the extreme rays able to be refracted by each of the diopters 9c, and this for two sets of incident rays, namely 60 ° (solid lines) and 80 ° (dashed lines) by compared to normal yy '.
• the two extreme light rays respectively at 80 ° and 60 ° refract in the plane of the strips 7 into two basic areas GH and IJ. It can be seen that these two zones overlap according to the basic zone IH. It is understood in these conditions that if the strips 7 are given a width L equal to the latter and that the center of the strips 7 is positioned at the distance D from the beginning of the diopter 9c, regardless of the viewing angle of the beam. observer between 60 ° and 80 °, the latter will perceive the bands in total, which represents an improvement over the previous implementation mode.
• FIG. 4b shows the preceding optical assembly 1 on which, as previously, the extreme solar rays for two series of bearings, namely 50 ° (solid lines) and -10 ° (dashed lines).
• this occultation appears from an incidence of 5 °, which represents a gain in energy efficiency compared to the previous implementation mode. The results obtained are shown in the table below:
• the present embodiment of the invention is particularly interesting insofar as it makes it possible to improve both the energy function and the vision function. Concerning the latter, the improvement also results from the homogeneity of the efficiency of the vision function resulting in the fact that an observer of the optical assembly will perceive no difference as regards the quality of vision of the bands when its viewing angle will vary in the range 60 ° to 80 °.
• a difficulty of implementation of the present invention stems from the need for a rigorous positioning of the strips 7 with respect to the corrugations 9c of the lenticular array, and this at the same time laterally, ie the offset of the bands with respect to the diopter 9c
• This shift D is defined as the distance between the center of the bands and the projection of the point A on the plane in which the colored bands are formed.
• the present invention provides a method for accurately achieving this double positioning, when the strips are formed on the lenticular array 9 including by means of reproduction implementing a printing element, for example screen printing screen type.
• a screen printing screen comprising strips 7 of width L which are separated from one another by a pitch p
• a rigorous registration of the screen screen and an intermediate transparent medium is carried out.
• the strips 7 are reproduced by means of the screen-printing screen on this intermediate support, thus constituting a pattern.
• the pattern is superimposed on the lenticular array intended to receive the strips. Then we observe by transparency this set. When a "moiré” aspect is observed, this means that the strips of the pattern are not parallel to the corrugations of the lenticular array, and their relative orientation is then modified accordingly until a homogeneous appearance of the strip is observed. 'together. Therefore, the adjustment of the relative orientation of the test pattern, and therefore the screen screen which is identified with respect thereto, is achieved.
• the lenticular network 9 is moved laterally relative to the target.
• the overall appearance happens to be in the color of the strips 7, this means that the vertices S of the diopters 9c are aligned with the center of the strips and, conversely, when the overall appearance comes to be transparent, this means that the center of the strips 7 is aligned with the hollows of the corrugations.
• the offset D it will then suffice to adjust this value.
• the present invention is particularly interesting in that it allows the designer, depending on the needs and constraints that are specific to him, to privilege either the vision function or the energy function, and this by playing on the width L and the shift D bands 7.
• the profile of the diopters 9c can also be inverted, that is to say that its asymmetry, ie the ratio a / P, is less than 0.5, so that the AS arc located on the observation side will be smaller than the SB arc.
• FIG. 5a shows the extreme radii able to be refracted by each of the diopters 9c, and this for two sets of radii incidents, namely 70 ° (solid lines) and 60 ° (dashed lines).
• FIG. 5b shows the beam of solar rays with respective incidences 30 ° and -10 ° and it can be seen that, for the corresponding refracted beams, part of the active surface of the solar panel 5 is obscured by the bands 7. It is also noted that the intermediate angle of incidence beam at 10 °, as shown in FIG. 5c, refracts in a zone GH which lies outside the surface of the strips 7, so that for this incidence the efficiency is maximum.
• optical assembly according to the invention on a support other than a roof and in particular, as shown in FIG. 6, on the vertical wall of a building in order, in particular, to use it at the times to communicate to the public information, such as for example an advertising message, and to ensure energy production.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Marketing (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
• Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
• Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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• 2008
  • 2008-12-11 FR FR0858467A patent/FR2939913B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-12-10 US US13/133,400 patent/US20110242664A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-12-10 WO PCT/FR2009/052479 patent/WO2010067029A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2009-12-10 KR KR1020117013370A patent/KR20110106300A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-12-10 CN CN200980149643XA patent/CN102245980A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-12-10 EP EP09803831A patent/EP2376847A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-12-10 JP JP2011540176A patent/JP2012511822A/ja active Pending

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