EP2376972B1 - Système de prismes à vision parallèle, renversant l'image - Google Patents

Système de prismes à vision parallèle, renversant l'image Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2376972B1
EP2376972B1 EP10708886.6A EP10708886A EP2376972B1 EP 2376972 B1 EP2376972 B1 EP 2376972B1 EP 10708886 A EP10708886 A EP 10708886A EP 2376972 B1 EP2376972 B1 EP 2376972B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
prism
face
roof
prism system
reflection
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EP10708886.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2376972A1 (fr
Inventor
Sigrun Kammans
Winfried Arens
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Leica Camera AG
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Leica Camera AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
    • G02B23/04—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors for the purpose of beam splitting or combining, e.g. fitted with eyepieces for more than one observer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a prism system according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a prism system is for example out DE-PS 518 143 is known there and is referred to as a parallel-view reversing prism system to express that can be offset parallel to each other in entering the straight line in the prism system and exiting therefrom optical axes of the imaging beam.
  • Another name may be the statement straight-line.
  • the known prism system has only two adjacent to air, parallel beam passing surfaces and six mirror surfaces, which are arranged so that all reflections take place in a plane and are all totally reflecting.
  • the imaging rays enter into the base surface of a roof prism and on to a parallel base surface of a reflection prism.
  • Such prism systems are commonly used in afocal optical imaging systems, e.g. used in telescopes.
  • DE 199 33 172 C1 describes a prism system for image reversal in a visual observation beam path, which consists of a roof prism with roof surface inclined to the base surface and an inclined to the base surface gable surface to which a Reflection prism is added, said reflection prism has a parallel to the base surface of the roof prism beam passing surface, the gable surface of the roof prism is designed as a beam splitter and the base surface of the roof prism and the beam passing surface of the reflection prism geometrically separate areas for the passage of observation beams and for a further beam path for reflection having a measured value display in the output-side observation beam path or a distance measuring beam path in the input-side observation beam path.
  • This known system has exclusively in the base areas of the prism system areas for coupling a visible measured value display on the one hand and a measuring beam in the infrared wavelength range on the other.
  • the surfaces used for the coupled and uncoupled beam paths correspond to a small aperture, so that only a small portion of the field of view is coupled in or out. It is impossible to decouple an optical path suitable for image recording with such an aperture or to effect an image recording of the entire image field.
  • the roof prism and the reflection prism are joined together on the gable surface of the roof prism so that the roof edge of the roof prism and an area of the surface of the reflection prism lying outside the joint area form a triangular open space.
  • the out-of-joint region of the surface of the reflection prism is usually fully mirrored to completely cover the imaging rays entering or exiting the base surface of the reflection prism within the prism forward. The mirroring can be omitted if the inclination of this surface can be chosen so that it can be used for the incoming or outgoing at the base surface imaging beams in total reflection.
  • the joining of the two prisms can preferably be done by kitten, wringing or holding in a prismatic chair, wherein between the joining surfaces and a small air gap can be present.
  • FIGS. 1 a, b . c The basic structure of the known prism systems is in the FIGS. 1 a, b . c shown.
  • Fig. 1 a is the base surface of the reflection prism associated with the lens side imaging beam path and the base surface of the roof prism the eyepiece imaging beam path.
  • Fig. 1 b the position of the two prisms in the imaging beam path is reversed.
  • Fig. 1 c shows another form of the roof prism and the reflection prism with a plurality of mutually inclined reflecting surfaces.
  • Common to the known prism systems is that they are cemented to one another on the gable surface of the roof prism.
  • This cemented surface of the roof prism on the prism systems Fig. 1 a, b can be designed as a beam splitter.
  • the regions of the base surfaces lying opposite this cemented surface can be used for coupling in a further beam path in the lens-side or ocular-side imaging beam path.
  • the usable aperture areas are small
  • the invention therefore an object of the invention to provide a way of reflecting additional beam paths, which may preferably have a large aperture, the overall system remains compact and the known additional functions can be maintained.
  • Another object of the invention was to detect a large field of view in the decoupling of an additional beam path and thereby not or only slightly influence the imaging quality of the primary observation beam path.
  • the invention should be realized with a low component complexity and allow image acquisition of the observed field of view.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge of being able to use the region of the reflection prism outside of the joining region in many ways in addition to coupling or decoupling a further beam path, optical deflecting and / or imaging means being used in a space-saving manner in the existing open region of the prism system can be.
  • a pair of binoculars with the prism system according to the invention is particularly advantageous for optical communication.
  • optical communication for example, two binoculars each having an optical data receiving device and a data transmitting device must be equipped, which can be accommodated in the two telescope tubes.
  • the prism systems according to the invention are used, high powers of infrared light can be transmitted and received from one binocular to the other due to the large usable aperture and the large field of view.
  • such communication is often not possible, since the required for data transmission light output only with the help of a strong beam bundling or a coupling and coupling of Receive or transmit beams can be achieved on the eyepiece.
  • a binocular binoculars or monocular telescope (telescope) when using the prism system for simultaneous imaging of the entire field of view to an image sensor or on a display on the binoculars.
  • Fig. 1 a telescope with a lens 18 and an eyepiece 19 is shown.
  • the telescope contains a straight / parallel prism system 1 for image reversal of a visual
  • An objective-side beam 10 is fed through the lens 18 to the system.
  • the lens-side beam 10 enters the reflection prism 7 perpendicularly through a base surface 9 of a right-angle reflection prism 7.
  • the base surface 9 can be provided with an optimized transmission layer for optimum transmission of the spectral range of the incoming beam path 10.
  • the lens-side beam 10, after entering the reflection prism 7, strikes a reflection surface 11 inclined obliquely to the base surface 9. This beam is mirrored in the known systems.
  • the object-side beam 10 reflected in this way on the surface area 11 is totally reflected at an angle of total reflection on the base surface 9 and a reflection surface 8 perpendicular to the base surface 9 and passes through the cemented surface in the surface region 6, with which the gable surface 6 of the roof prism 3 on the Reflection prism 7 is adoptedkittet.
  • the entering in this way in the roof prism 3 beam 10 is reflected at an angle of total reflection at the base surface 4 of the roof prism 3. After the total reflection at the base surface 4, the beam 10 strikes the roof edge 5.
  • the angle of the roof edge 5 to the base surface 4 is selected such that the beam 10 strikes the base surface 4 perpendicularly and is then fed to the eyepiece 19 as an observation beam 2.
  • the roof edge 5 can advantageously be tempered with a phase correction layer so that no phase jump of the pupil halves reflected at the roof edge is visible.
  • the base surface 4 may be tempered to further improve the transmission at the exit of the observation beam 2 with an optimized for the spectrum of the observation beam 2 transmission layer.
  • the prism system 1 is arranged so that the lens-side beam 10 first strikes the roof edge 5. Otherwise, the ray path is as in Fig. 1a Therefore, the reference numerals are used in the same way as in FIG Fig. 1a ,
  • the prism system after Fig. 1c differs from the previous one Fig. 1b only in that the lens-side entering beam 10 is totally reflected after reflection on the roof edge 5 at a slanted to the base surface 4 surface before it enters through the serving as a cement surface gable surface 6 of the roof prism 3 in the reflection prism 7 and after two total reflection and a reflection as Observation beam 2 exits.
  • This prism system can also be used in analogous orientation as in Fig.1 a be used ( Fig.1d ).
  • Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of the inventive development of the known prism system.
  • a triangular prism 13 for deflecting the surface area 11 after its formation as a beam splitter 11 'penetrating beams 12 is inserted from the prism system 1 out.
  • the base surface 14 of the triangular prism 13 is spaced from the surface area 11, 11 '.
  • the base surface 14 may additionally be tempered with a filter layer improving the transmission.
  • the surface area 11 is designed to decouple the further beam path 12 as a beam splitter 11 'with a coating which transmits for the spectral range of the further beam path 12.
  • the coating is reflective for the beam 10.
  • the further beam path 12 is coupled into the base surface 14 of the triangular prism 13, it is reflected on a mirrored roof surface 15.
  • the angle between the roof surface 15 and the base surface 14 of the triangular prism 13 is selected so that the beam path 12 impinges from the roof surface 15 on the base surface 14 of the triangular prism 13 and then below the critical angle of total reflection at the base surface 14 in the direction of the second roof surface 16th is reflected. Because of the necessary reflection on the base surface 14, this may not be in contact with the beam splitter surface 11 '.
  • the angles of the roof surfaces 15, 16 are selected such that the further beam path 12 preferably emerges vertically from the roof surface 16 and is fed to a lens system 17. In the imaging plane of the lens system 17, an infrared receiver 20 is arranged.
  • the optical beam path for the same wavelengths is also reversible, of course, instead of the infrared receiver 20, an infrared transmitter not shown in the imaging plane of the lens system 17 may be arranged.
  • the beam path 12 emitted by an infrared transmitter 20 then enters a lens system 17 optimized for imaging in the spectral range of the infrared transmitter 20 in order to enter the roof surface 16 of the triangular prism 13 preferably perpendicularly after leaving the lens system 17.
  • the roof surface 16 may have an optical filter coating optimized to the wavelength of the infrared receiver 20 or transmitter.
  • the additional filter layer on one of the prism or imaging surfaces for the IR region serves both eye safety and noise suppression in signal transmission over the IR beam.
  • a CCD or CMOS image sensor in the imaging plane of the lens system 17.
  • Light transmitter, light receiver, CCD or CMOS image sensor can be advantageously cemented to the lens system 17 for easy adjustment of the overall system.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment in which a triangular prism 13 spaced from the reflection and beam splitter surface 11, 11 'of the eyepiece-side arranged reflection prism 7 is provided.
  • a display on a display 20 is adapted to the spectral range of the display representation in transmission and to the spectral range of the observation beams 2 in reflection.
  • a beam splitter adapted to two different spectral ranges is commonly referred to as dichroic.
  • a small air gap between the base surface 14 of the triangular prism 13 and the beam splitter surface 11 ' is required, since the base surface 14 is used both in total reflection and in transmission for the coupled further beam path 12.
  • a contact with the beam splitter surface 11 ' would disturb the total reflection at this point and have a premature transition of the further beam path 12 in the reflection prism 7 result.
  • the beam splitter 11 may be formed as a neutral divider with a suitable reflection / transmission ratio.
  • a mechanically operable diaphragm can be inserted into the beam 10, which allows an alternating observation of the likewise switchable display display and the real field of view.
  • FIGS. 4 to 8 are shown in detail arrangements of various deflection systems in the open area of the prism system 1 between the non-cemented gable surface of the reflection prism 7 and the roof edge 5 of the roof prism 3, wherein the deflection systems are not cemented to the reflection / beam splitter surface 11, 11 '.
  • the imaging / observation beams are not shown further.
  • Fig. 4 is the triangular prism 13 with its base surface 14 parallel and spaced from the reflection / beam splitter surface 11, 11 'arranged, as already to Fig. 2 described.
  • the base surface 14 is suitable in this way for a total reflection of the decoupled or to be coupled in another beam path 12.
  • the base surface 14 is additionally provided with a filter layer optimizing the transmission of the beam path to be coupled in or out, it is advantageous to provide a small wedge angle between the base surface 14 of the triangular prism 13 and the surface region 11, 11 '. In this way, it is otherwise possible to effectively prevent interference occurring between the coating on the reflection / beam splitter surface 11, 11 'and the coating on the base surface 14 of the triangular prism 13.
  • Fig. 5 shows a deflection arrangement, which manages with a single reflection in the triangular prism 13.
  • the triangular prism 13 can also be cemented to the beam splitter surface 11 '.
  • deflection system is patched instead of a lens optics 17 on the beam exit surface of the triangular prism 13, a diffractive optical element 21 (DOE) or a GRIN element (gradient index lens).
  • DOE diffractive optical element
  • GRIN element gradient index lens
  • the deflection system has a freely shaped reflection surface 22, which has imaging function, so that can be dispensed with a further optical imaging system or this can be designed as a much simplified system.
  • Fig. 8 shows a deflection system, which is designed as a free-shaped mirror surface 23.
  • a deflection system which is designed as a free-shaped mirror surface 23.
  • several such mirror surfaces can be provided behind one another for beam shaping and beam imaging.
  • Freely shaped surfaces should be understood to mean both spherically and aspherically shaped surfaces on elements of the deflection system.
  • the surfaces may be inner reflection surfaces or jet exit surfaces.
  • Fig. 9 shows the decoupling of a further beam path out of the beam splitter surface 11 'via a diffractive optical element (DOE) or a GRIN lens 21, which can also be cemented onto the beam splitter surface 11'.
  • DOE diffractive optical element
  • Fig. 10 shows an arrangement with which a displayed on a display 20 display on the reflection / beam splitter surface 11, 11 'can be coupled into the eyepiece observation beam path.
  • Fig. 11 shows a further arrangement with which a display on a display 20 can be coupled directly into the eyepiece observation beam path.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Système de prisme à vision parallèle renversant l'image (1) comportant deux surfaces de base parallèles l'une à l'autre (4 ; 9) permettant un passage vertical des rayons perpendiculaire, dans lequel l'une desdites surfaces de base (4 ; 9) peut être associée à un chemin de faisceau de formation d'image situé du côté de l'oculaire et l'autre desdites surfaces de base peut être associée à un chemin de faisceau de formation d'image du côté de l'objectif d'un télescope, et dans lequel le système de prisme (1) est constitué de deux prismes de réflexion (3 ; 7) comportant respectivement une surface frontale (6) positionnée en biais par rapport à la surface de base (4 ; 9), l'un desdits prismes de réflexion (3) présente une arête de toit (5) également inclinée par rapport à la surface de base (9) et les prismes de réflexion (3 ; 7) sont joints aux surfaces frontales planes (6) de manière à ce que l'arête de toit (5) et la région de la surface frontale (6) se situant à l'extérieur de la région de jonction des autres prismes de réflexion (7) forment un espace ouvert triangulaire, caractérisé en ce que la surface de réflexion plane (11) se situant dans l'espace ouvert de l'un des prismes de réflexion (3, 7) est entièrement réalisée sous la forme d'un diviseur de faisceau (11') semi-transparent à large bande.
  2. Système de prisme selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le diviseur de faisceau (11') est réalisé afin de coupler en entrée ou en sortie une partie du chemin de faisceau de formation d'image (10) dans un télescope et/ou un autre chemin de faisceau (12) supplémentaire.
  3. Système de prisme selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un système de déviation est inséré dans l'espace ouvert entre l'arête de toit (5) et la surface du diviseur de faisceau (11') en tant que partie du système de prisme afin de dévier les rayons traversant le diviseur de faisceau (11') émanant du système de prisme (1) ou y pénétrant.
  4. Système de prisme selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le système de déviation est réalisé sous la forme d'un prisme triangulaire (13) ayant une surface de base (14) et des première et second surfaces de toit (15, 16) adjacentes à celle-ci sous un angle aigu.
  5. Système de prisme selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la surface de base (14) du prisme triangulaire (13) est disposée parallèlement et de manière espacée par rapport au diviseur de faisceau (11').
  6. Système de prisme selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que l'arête de toit (5) est métallisée dans l'espace ouvert au voisinage de la première surface de toit (15) du prisme triangulaire (13).
  7. Système de prisme selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'inclinaison de la première surface de toit métallisée (15) par rapport à la surface de base (14) est choisie de manière à ce que les rayons traversant la surface de base (14) et réfléchis sur la surface de toit (15) soient incidents sur la surface de base (14) sous l'angle limite de réflexion totale.
  8. Système de prisme selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'inclinaison de la seconde surface de toit (16) du prisme triangulaire (13) par rapport à la surface de base (14) est choisie de manière à ce que l'axe optique d'un faisceau de rayons soumis à une réflexion totale sur la surface de base (14) pénètre verticalement à travers ladite seconde surface de toit (16).
  9. Système de prisme selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la seconde surface de toit (16) est disposée en aval du système optique (17) formant l'image du faisceau de rayons de sortie en tant que partie du système de prisme.
  10. Système de prisme selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le système optique (17) est un système de lentilles et/ou est constitué de lentilles GRIN et/ou d'éléments diffractants (DOE).
  11. Système de prisme selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le système de déviation est constitué de surfaces de miroir de formes libres (23).
  12. Système de prisme selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le système de déviation est réalisé sous la forme d'un prisme comportant une surface de base plane et au moins une surface de forme libre (22).
  13. Système de prisme selon la revendication 9 ou 12, caractérisé en ce qu'une LED, une puce d'acquisition d'image, un afficheur, une photodiode sont disposés en aval du système optique de formation d'image dans le plan image en tant que partie du système de formation d'image optique.
  14. Système de prisme selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la LED ou la puce d'acquisition d'image sont collées au système optique de formation d'image (17).
  15. Système de prisme selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le système de déviation est collé au diviseur de faisceau (11').
  16. Système de prisme selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le système de déviation est disposé sous un angle de coin de manière espacée par rapport au diviseur de faisceau (11').
  17. Système de prisme selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le prisme triangulaire (13) est introduit dans la région ouverte de manière à ce que l'une des surfaces de toit (15) soit la surface d'incidence des rayons, que l'autre surface de toit (16) soit une surface de réflexion et que la surface de base (14) soit la surface de sortie de rayons.
  18. Système de prisme selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le système de déviation est constitué d'une lentille GRIN ou d'un élément de diffraction DEO (21).
EP10708886.6A 2009-01-13 2010-01-02 Système de prismes à vision parallèle, renversant l'image Active EP2376972B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009004797 2009-01-13
DE102009056208A DE102009056208A1 (de) 2009-01-13 2009-11-28 Parallelsichtiges, bildumkehrendes Prismensystem
PCT/DE2010/000006 WO2010081461A1 (fr) 2009-01-13 2010-01-02 Système de prismes à vision parallèle, renversant l'image

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2376972A1 EP2376972A1 (fr) 2011-10-19
EP2376972B1 true EP2376972B1 (fr) 2015-10-07

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DE (1) DE102009056208A1 (fr)
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Families Citing this family (8)

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US9010012B2 (en) 2010-05-24 2015-04-21 Surefire, Llc Gun sight
US8117780B2 (en) 2010-05-24 2012-02-21 Surefire, Llc Gun sight
US9057583B2 (en) 2010-10-28 2015-06-16 Surefire, Llc Sight system
US8474173B2 (en) 2010-10-28 2013-07-02 Surefire, Llc Sight system
AT510936B1 (de) * 2010-12-23 2021-02-15 Swarovski Optik Kg Teleskop mit miteinander verbindbaren modulen
AU2016433012B2 (en) * 2016-12-23 2022-02-03 Chongqing Hylon Co., Ltd. Composite prism for multi-functional telescope, and binocular telescopic optical system for same
WO2019036498A1 (fr) * 2017-08-14 2019-02-21 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Ensembles de prisme et dispositifs optiques incorporant des ensembles de prismes
CN110058419B (zh) * 2019-04-28 2021-08-17 金华市蓝海光电技术有限公司 一种正像系统及双筒激光测距望远镜

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE518143C (de) 1931-02-12 Zeiss Carl Fa Parallelsichtiges Umkehrprismensystem
DE19933172C1 (de) 1999-07-15 2001-01-11 Leica Camera Ag Prismensystem zur Bildumkehr in einem visuellen Beobachtungsstrahlengang
US7948682B2 (en) * 2004-03-10 2011-05-24 Raytheon Company Method and apparatus for combining optical information
US7364302B2 (en) * 2004-08-09 2008-04-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Projection display system using multiple light sources and polarizing element for using with same
US7651237B2 (en) * 2007-02-14 2010-01-26 Raytheon Company System and method for reticle illumination

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EP2376972A1 (fr) 2011-10-19
WO2010081461A1 (fr) 2010-07-22
DE102009056208A1 (de) 2010-07-15

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