Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
  • F24S10/80—Solar heat collectors using working fluids comprising porous material or permeable masses directly contacting the working fluids
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
  • F24S2080/01—Selection of particular materials
  • F24S2080/016—Textiles; Fabrics
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
  • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

• This invention relates to textile based solar collector that ensures hot air production for heating or drying operations.
• Fossil-based fuels are not renewable resources and therefore they will run out after a certain period of time.
• the global warming occurring by the greenhouse effect due to carbon dioxide emissions generated by the combustion of fossil-fuels has increased the importance of the alternative energy resources.
• Solar energy has the easiest and most common available use in the renewable and clean energy sources such as hydroelectric, solar, wind, geothermal, etc.
• Air heater solar energy collectors are based on a black-colored metallic, plastic, ceramic or composite plate; placed inside a box in the form of a rectangular prism made of metallic, plastic or composite material.
• the back and side surfaces of the rectangular box are insulated and the upper surface (sun seeing surface) is covered with a normal or special glass, polycarbonate or other transparent layer.
• the black plate heated by the absorption of high-IR radiation of sun rays heats the air to a limited extent in the box, in which a green house effect occurs.
• the air heater collectors especially in case of moving air, this is the case in the air heater collectors; the actual heat transfer takes place by convection.
• the amount of heat transfer rate is proportional to the surface area of heat transfer.
• the heat transfer efficiency is aimed to be increased by several constructions by providing the contact of the air with the both sides of the black plate, using finned plates of one or both sides, perforated plates or special black plates with rough surface structures, creating a meander type passing route for the air to extend the contact path with the hot plate, placing of metallic networks between the transparent layer and the black plate, etc.
• the purpose of the invention is to increase the heat transfer rate from the black absorber plate to the air to be heated.
• Q is the heat transfer rate, A the surface area participating to the heat transfer (m 2 ), a the heat transfer coefficient (VWm 2 K), Tp the temperature of the black plate (K), T A the temperature of the air to be heated (K), ⁇ the thermal conductivity at the boundary layer (VWmK) and h the thickness of the boundary layer.
• the surface area of the heat transfer is equal to the surface area of the plate, in case of an air flow parallel to one face of the hot plate. On the other hand, when the air flows by contacting both faces of the plate the heat transfer area doubles. In case of laminar flow parallel to the surface of the black plate, none of the air flow elements are perpendicular to the surface of the plate, and therefore, the air boundary layer ⁇ h ) to be overcome by convection reaches the maximum thickness and the heat transfer coefficient ⁇ a ) is less than 50 VWm 2 K.
• textile based air heater solar collector have been schematized in the attached figures, and these figures present the following:
• Figure 1- The front view of the textile based air heater solar collector
• Figure 2- The side view of the textile based air heater solar collector
• a black textile surface (fabric) (6) has been used on an active type air heater solar collector instead of black metallic, ceramic, plastic or composite plates, and passing of the air to be heated through this textile surface has been maintained.
• the movement of the air in the collector and the transportation to the space to be heated or drying medium is provided by a fan which is connected to output or input side of the collector. It is also possible to connect 2 fans both input and output of the collector.
• the air passes through the capillary pores between the fibers, thus the surface area participating to the heat transfer is equal to the total area of the fiber surfaces, namely, much higher compared to the plates with no air permeability.
• the thickness of the air boundary layer (h ) on the fibers decreases to a minimum, and the heat transfer coefficient ⁇ a ) exceeds the value of 400 VWm 2 K.
• Warm-up time of the fabrics is a good proof of the increase in the heat transfer rate due to the air flow through the fabrics.
• the time required to heat a dry fabric up to 200 0 C by a hot air of 200 0 C is 35 s to 60 s for air flow parallel to the surface of the fabric, and 1 s to 3 s for the airflow through the fabric.
• the heat transfer rate [Q) depends on the temperature and velocity of the air flow and the structure and the temperature of the fabric.
• Black or dark colored woven, knitted or non-woven fabrics made by natural, regenerated or synthetic fibers and their blends can be used as textile surface.
• the heat transfer rate is lower in loose woven and knitted fabrics, because air tends to flow through the pores between the yarns, instead of the capillary pores between the fibers within the yarns.
• the fabrics with very tight structures require higher fan power for air flow through the textile structures. In order to extend the flow path of the air through the fabric, increasing of fabric thickness is useful. However, airflow through a tight and thick woven fabric without piles requires very high fan power. Thus, the optimum results can be provided with piled woven or knitted fabrics or not tight bulky non-woven structures.
• the fabric is placed diagonally into the rectangular prism-shaped box (1).
• At the entry side of the collector fabric is placed to the base (2) and is diagonally ascended through the output side, where the fabric contacts with the transparent surface (3) in order to enhance the airflow through the hot fabric (6) in the collector box.
• the collectors are mounted on the roofs facing to the south or placed on the south-facing walls.
• the cold air inlet (4) to the collector is above the fabric (6), and the hot air outlet (5) stays under the fabric (6).
• the air enters at the bottom side of the collector, where the distance (volume) between the fabric (6) and the transparent surface (3) is at maximum.
• Textile based air heater solar collectors can be used anywhere and in the same way for space heating and drying operations, in which the currently available active type solar collectors are used.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2009
  • 2009-01-12 TR TR2009/00196A patent/TR200900196A2/xx unknown
  • 2009-09-14 EP EP09741482A patent/EP2386048A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-09-14 US US13/144,014 patent/US20110297144A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2009-09-14 WO PCT/TR2009/000115 patent/WO2010080075A2/en not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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