EP2418921A1 - Torche monogaz à découpage plasma - Google Patents

Torche monogaz à découpage plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2418921A1
EP2418921A1 EP11174964A EP11174964A EP2418921A1 EP 2418921 A1 EP2418921 A1 EP 2418921A1 EP 11174964 A EP11174964 A EP 11174964A EP 11174964 A EP11174964 A EP 11174964A EP 2418921 A1 EP2418921 A1 EP 2418921A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
torch
vent
groove
ring nut
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11174964A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2418921B1 (fr
Inventor
Silvano Dallavalle
Mauro Vancini
Vittorio Colombo
Emanuele Ghedini
Alessia Concetti
Riccardo Fazzioli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cebora SpA
Original Assignee
Cebora SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cebora SpA filed Critical Cebora SpA
Priority to PL11174964T priority Critical patent/PL2418921T3/pl
Publication of EP2418921A1 publication Critical patent/EP2418921A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2418921B1 publication Critical patent/EP2418921B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3436—Hollow cathodes with internal coolant flow

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a single-gas, transferred arc plasma cutting torch.
  • this invention relates to a single-gas plasma cutting torch, that is to say, a torch that uses a single gas, in particular air, to generate the plasma arc and also to cool the torch.
  • the nozzle and the electrode are supplied by respective feed circuits which are suitably controlled to generate the plasma.
  • the electrode is connected by a lead to the negative pole of a power generator (cathode).
  • the nozzle is electrically isolated from the electrode and can be connected by a lead to the positive pole of the power generator (anode).
  • This type of torch also comprises:
  • the air to which express reference is made but without limiting the invention, has the twofold function of generating the arc plasma and of cooling the components of the torch.
  • the air supplied by the feed circuit flows down the inside of the electrode, up along the outside of the electrode, down again and out near the nozzle holder.
  • This invention has for an aim to provide a single-gas plasma cutting torch which offers high-performance capabilities (cutting current higher than 100A) but which is less subject to wear than prior art torches.
  • Another aim of the invention is to provide a single-gas plasma cutting torch which is simple in construction and inexpensive and which at the same time allows rapid and effective cooling of all its components, including the nozzle holder, thereby facilitating the operations necessary for substituting the wear components when these reach their wear limit or to meet different working conditions.
  • the numeral 1 denotes in its entirety a single-gas, transferred arc plasma cutting torch.
  • the torch 1 referred to is of the type with high-frequency ignition and its parts are described only insofar as is necessary to understand the invention.
  • Single-gas plasma torches are used for cutting metals and use a single gas, supplied by a single source, both to generate the plasma arc and to cool the torch.
  • the torch 1 comprises a torch body, labelled 2 in its entirety, extending along a substantially longitudinal principal axis or direction D of extension.
  • the torch body 2 comprises a shell 3 and a ring nut 4 engaged with the shell 3 to support the end components of the torch 1 specified below.
  • the torch 1 basically comprises a nozzle 5 from which the plasma issues and a hollow electrode 6 opposite in polarity to the nozzle 5 and partly housed in the nozzle 5.
  • the electrode 6 is connected by a lead to the negative pole of a power generator not illustrated (cathode).
  • the nozzle 5 is electrically isolated from the electrode 6 and can be connected by a lead to the positive pole of the power generator (anode).
  • the outside surface 6a of the electrode 6 delimits, with the inside surface 5a of the nozzle 5, a plasma generating chamber 7.
  • a nozzle holder 8 for supporting the nozzle 5 is mounted to the torch body 2 and keeps the nozzle 5 in alignment with the electrode 6.
  • the nozzle holder 8 is screwed to the ring nut 4 and guarantees, through its internal conductive liner 9, a continuous flow of electricity between the ring nut 4 and the nozzle 5.
  • the nozzle holder 8 has an external insulating cover 9a which allows it to be handled safely by a user not illustrated.
  • the ring nut 4 preferably comprises a terminal, not illustrated since it is of a substantially known type, for connection to the positive pole of the aforementioned generator for powering the nozzle 5 through the ring nut 4 and the nozzle holder 8.
  • the ring nut 4 and the conductive liner 9 constitute power supply means of the nozzle 5.
  • the gas as already mentioned, is used in this particular type of torch not only to generate and contain the plasma but also to cool the electrode 6 and, generally speaking, all the components of the torch 1.
  • the electrode 6 and the nozzle 5 are electrically insulated through an interposed diffuser disc 11 or diffuser, of insulating material.
  • the diffuser 11 has tangential gas flow holes 12 and thus has the twofold function of electrically insulating the nozzle from the electrode and of channelling the gas into the chamber 7.
  • the torch 1 comprises a tubular insulating element or body 13 interposed between the power supply means of the electrode 6 and ring nut 4 and the nozzle holder 8.
  • the gas channelling means comprise a gas flow circuit 15 which is used to remove heat from the electrode 6, to feed the gas into the chamber 7 and to remove heat from the nozzle holder 8.
  • the electrode 6 is hollow and the interior of the electrode 6 forms part of the gas flow circuit 15.
  • the gas channelling means comprise a duct 16 for supplying the gas to the circuit 15 in which the gas flows in a direction V towards the nozzle 5.
  • the supply duct 16 extends coaxially with the torch body 2 and is in fluid communication with the gas flow circuit 15.
  • the torch 1 comprises a connecting member or distributor 17 joining the duct 16 to the circuit 15, thus placing the duct 16 in fluid communication with the circuit 15.
  • the purpose of the duct 16 is to place the circuit 15 in fluid communication with the gas source.
  • the circuit 15 has an inlet 15a, which is in fluid communication with the duct 16, preferably by way of the connecting member 17.
  • the circuit 15 has a first outlet 15b located substantially at the chamber 7. More specifically, the outlet 15b corresponds to the outlet through which the plasma issues from the nozzle 5.
  • the circuit 15 preferably has a second outlet 15c leading out of the nozzle holder 8.
  • the circuit 15 preferably has a third outlet 15d.
  • the electrode 6 is plugged into the distributor 17, guaranteeing an uninterrupted flow of electricity between it and the supply duct 16, thereby defining the aforementioned power supply means of the electrode 6.
  • the duct 16 can be connected to the negative pole of the aforementioned power generator.
  • the circuit 15 includes the aforementioned second stretch or duct 19 which extends inside the electrode 6 and coaxially therewith: in short, when assembled, the second stretch or duct 19 is interpenetrated (at least partly) in the electrode 6 (both being considered as mechanical components).
  • the gas supply duct 16 comprises the first stretch 16 which can be associated with the gas source, and the second stretch 19 leading into the electrode 6.
  • the distributor 17 is preferably fitted between the first stretch 16 and the second stretch 19.
  • the second stretch 19 of the supply duct 16 also forms part of the gas flow circuit 15.
  • the distributor 17 is screwed at its inlet opening 17a to an outlet portion of the first stretch of the duct 16 whilst the second stretch 19 is in turn screwed to an outlet opening 17b of the selfsame distributor 17.
  • the distributor 17 is also supported by the insulating element 13 to which it is screwed.
  • the distributor 17 comprises a central channel 20 connecting the first stretch of the duct 16 and the second stretch 19 where the central channel 20 is coaxial with the supply duct 16.
  • the distributor 17 comprises a first set of ducts 21 which are in fluid communication with the channel 20 and in which the gas flows in a direction V4.
  • the first set comprises four ducts 21.
  • the ducts 21 are distributed along a circumference round the side wall of the central channel 20.
  • the ducts 21 diverge from the central channel 20 to take at least part of the gas from the duct 16 towards the outside of the torch 1 where it can also cool all the peripheral components, as will become clearer as this description continues.
  • the duct stretch 19 is fitted coaxially in the electrode 6 in such a way as to form a gap 30 between the outside surface of the stretch 19 of the duct 16 and the inside surface of the electrode 6.
  • the stretch 19 is interpenetrated deep inside the electrode 6 which is hollow except for a full head at the end of it whose outside surface faces the nozzle 5 (again considering the components after they have been assembled).
  • This architecture means that the end or outlet zone of the stretch 19 is arranged face to face with and very close to the annular inside surface of the end head of the electrode 6 defined by its hollow shape.
  • This particular arrangement optimizes the cooling effect of the gas (see direction V, Figure 1 ) since the plasma generating arc is struck at the head of the electrode 6 (that is on the surface of it which faces the nozzle 5).
  • the gas flow circuit 15 Downstream of the gap 30 in the direction V1, the gas flow circuit 15 has an annular chamber 31.
  • the annular chamber 31 is preferably delimited by the connecting member 17 and by the outside surface of the electrode 6.
  • the torch 1 comprises a set of gas flow ducts 35 which are in fluid communication with the chamber 31.
  • the torch Downstream of the ducts 35 in the direction V2, the torch comprises a channel or annulus 22, preferably substantially cylindrical.
  • the channel 22 is defined between the connecting member 17, and more specifically, between the outside surface of the connecting member 17, and the tubular insulating member 13.
  • the ducts 35 place the annular chamber 31 in fluid communication with the channel 22.
  • the channel 22 is in fluid communication with the outlets of the ducts 21 and receives gas flowing out therefrom.
  • the distributor 17 provided with the channel 20 and with the ducts 21 defines a system for tapping the gas flowing in the duct 16.
  • a part of the "fresh" gas can therefore be tapped upstream of the electrode and directed to cool the nozzle holder 8, thanks to the distributor 17.
  • This part of "fresh” gas reaches the nozzle without coming into contact with the electrode and is more effective in cooling both the nozzle and the nozzle holder.
  • the "fresh" gas from the ducts 21 mixes with the gas from the chamber 31, cooling it and improving its effectiveness in cooling the nozzle holder 8.
  • the connecting member 17 comprises a plurality of fins 23 on its outside surface.
  • the fins 23 are therefore located inside the channel 22.
  • the fins 23 extend in the direction D and their height is preferably comparable to the width of the channel 22.
  • the circuit 15 Downstream of the channel 22, in the direction V2, the circuit 15 comprises another channel or annulus 24, substantially cylindrical and in fluid communication with the channel 22.
  • the channel 24 is substantially defined between the aforementioned diffuser 11 and the nozzle holder 8, and more specifically, the outside surface of the diffuser 11 and the internal conductive liner 9 of the nozzle holder 8.
  • the plasma generating chamber 7 is supplied with gas through the holes 12 which place it in fluid communication with the channel 24.
  • the torch 1 comprises a set of holes 25 made in the nozzle holder 8 and which place the channel 24 in fluid communication with the outside environment so as to discharge part of the gas which, in use, removes heat from the nozzle holder 8.
  • the holes 25 thus constitute the aforementioned outlet 15c of the gas flow circuit 15 to the outside of the torch body 2.
  • the circuit 15 comprises a vent system or vent 26 with an inlet 26a and an outlet 26b.
  • the inlet 26a is in fluid communication with the annulus 24, while the outlet 26b gives onto the outside atmosphere.
  • the vent 26 runs in the principal direction D of extension of the torch 1.
  • the inlet 26a of the vent 26 is at the nozzle 5 and the outlet 26b is substantially formed on the torch body 2 on the side opposite the nozzle 5 with respect to the nozzle holder 8.
  • vent 26 has a first stretch or inlet stretch 27 defined by a corresponding annular chamber.
  • the inlet stretch 27 is in fluid communication with the channel 24.
  • the vent 26 comprises a second, outlet stretch 28 which is in fluid communication with the inlet stretch 27.
  • the vent 26 extends at least partly between the insulating member 13 and the ring nut 4.
  • the second stretch 28 of the vent 26 extends between the insulating member 13 and the ring nut 4.
  • Figures 2 to 5 show a first, a second, a third and a fourth preferred embodiment of the vent 26 and, more specifically, of the stretch 28.
  • the second stretch 28 of the vent 26 is delimited between the insulating member 13 and the ring nut 4.
  • the member 13 has a flat section 40 on its substantially cylindrical outside surface.
  • the member 13 has a substantially flat face 40 directed towards the preferably cylindrical inside surface of the ring nut 4 and delimiting with the latter the vent 26 and, more specifically, the second stretch 28 of the vent 26.
  • the vent 26 and, more specifically, the second stretch 28 of the vent 26 is defined by a groove 41.
  • the groove 41 is formed on the outside surface of the tubular member 13.
  • the groove 41 faces the substantially cylindrical inside surface of the ring nut 4 and delimits with the latter the second stretch 28 of the vent 26.
  • the groove 41 runs in the direction D.
  • the vent 26 and, more specifically, the second stretch 28 of the vent 26 is defined by a groove 42.
  • the groove 42 is formed on the inside surface of the ring nut 4.
  • the groove 42 faces the substantially cylindrical outside surface of the member 13 and delimits with the latter the second stretch 28 of the vent 26.
  • the groove 42 runs in the direction D.
  • the vent 26 and, more specifically, the second stretch 28 of the vent 26 is defined by a first groove 43 and a second groove 44 which face each other.
  • the groove 43 is formed on the outside surface of the tubular member 13.
  • the groove 44 is formed on the inside surface of the ring nut 4.
  • the groove 43 runs in the direction D.
  • the groove 44 runs in the direction D.
  • the grooves 43 and 44 extend in a substantially symmetrical fashion to delimit the second stretch 28 of the vent 26.
  • the second stretch 28 is delimited between the groove 43 and the groove 44, or between the member 13 and the ring nut 4.
  • the torch 1 comprises an annular chamber 45 located downstream of the second stretch 28 in the direction V3.
  • the chamber 45 forms part of the vent 26 and is in fluid communication with the second stretch 28 thereof.
  • the vent system 26 comprises the annular chambers 24 and 45 which are connected to each other by a plurality of channels defined by the second stretches 28 which extend in the direction D.
  • the gas is channelled from the chamber 24 to the chamber 45, from which it flows out, as described in more detail below, through the stretches 28.
  • the torch 1 comprises a plurality of holes 46 in fluid communication with the chamber 45.
  • the holes 46 extend from the chamber 45 to the outside of the torch 1 and preferably define the aforementioned third outlet 15d of the circuit 15.
  • the holes 46 lead out substantially at the shell 3, that is to say, the vent 26 extends up along the entire nozzle holder 8 to remove heat from the latter.
  • the gas flow circuit 15 thus comprises a plurality of chambers and/or stretches connected in series to each other without any zones where still air can collect and which would reduce the cooling effect of the gas.
  • the air supply circuit thanks to the design of the air supply circuit, it only takes a few seconds for the nozzle holder to cool down sufficiently for the user to screw it off safely in order to substitute the wear components when these reach their wear limit or when different working conditions must be met.
  • the torch as described above is susceptible of industrial application and may be modified and adapted in several ways without thereby departing from the scope of the inventive concept. Moreover, all the details may be substituted by technically equivalent elements.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
EP11174964.4A 2010-07-30 2011-07-22 Torche monogaz de découpage au plasma Not-in-force EP2418921B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11174964T PL2418921T3 (pl) 2010-07-30 2011-07-22 Jednogazowy plazmowy palnik tnący

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBO2010A000492A IT1401407B1 (it) 2010-07-30 2010-07-30 Torcia monogas per il taglio al plasma.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2418921A1 true EP2418921A1 (fr) 2012-02-15
EP2418921B1 EP2418921B1 (fr) 2013-05-29

Family

ID=43733929

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11174964.4A Not-in-force EP2418921B1 (fr) 2010-07-30 2011-07-22 Torche monogaz de découpage au plasma

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2418921B1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1401407B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2418921T3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITVI20130220A1 (it) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-06 Trafimet Spa Torcia al plasma con sistema di raffreddamento perfezionato e relativo metodo di raffreddamento.
WO2018229308A3 (fr) * 2017-06-12 2019-03-28 Kjellberg-Stiftung Électrodes pour torches à plasma refroidies par gaz et liquide, agencement d'une électrode et d'un tube de refroidissement, guidage des gaz, torche à plasma, procédé de guidage des gaz dans une torche à plasma et procédé pour faire fonctionner une torche à plasma
CN110000455A (zh) * 2019-05-16 2019-07-12 常州九圣焊割设备有限公司 等离子弧割炬

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1453100A (en) * 1974-06-21 1976-10-20 V N I Pk I T I Elektrosvarochn Method of and apparatus for plasma working of conductive materials
US4625094A (en) 1982-10-01 1986-11-25 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Plasma torches
US4777343A (en) 1985-04-03 1988-10-11 D. E. Goodwin Engineering Developments Limited Plasma arc apparatus
US5208448A (en) 1992-04-03 1993-05-04 Esab Welding Products, Inc. Plasma torch nozzle with improved cooling gas flow
US5859403A (en) * 1996-07-18 1999-01-12 Trafimet S.P.A. Plasma torch without high-frequency ignition, with improved electrode air-cooling devices
US20100078408A1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-04-01 Hypertherm, Inc. Nozzle with exposed vent passage

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1453100A (en) * 1974-06-21 1976-10-20 V N I Pk I T I Elektrosvarochn Method of and apparatus for plasma working of conductive materials
US4625094A (en) 1982-10-01 1986-11-25 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Plasma torches
US4777343A (en) 1985-04-03 1988-10-11 D. E. Goodwin Engineering Developments Limited Plasma arc apparatus
US5208448A (en) 1992-04-03 1993-05-04 Esab Welding Products, Inc. Plasma torch nozzle with improved cooling gas flow
US5859403A (en) * 1996-07-18 1999-01-12 Trafimet S.P.A. Plasma torch without high-frequency ignition, with improved electrode air-cooling devices
US20100078408A1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-04-01 Hypertherm, Inc. Nozzle with exposed vent passage

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITVI20130220A1 (it) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-06 Trafimet Spa Torcia al plasma con sistema di raffreddamento perfezionato e relativo metodo di raffreddamento.
WO2015033252A1 (fr) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-12 Trafimet S.P.A. Torche à plasma ayant un système de refroidissement amélioré et procédé de refroidissement correspondant
US10076019B2 (en) 2013-09-05 2018-09-11 Trafimet S.P.A. Plasma torch with improved cooling system and corresponding cooling method
WO2018229308A3 (fr) * 2017-06-12 2019-03-28 Kjellberg-Stiftung Électrodes pour torches à plasma refroidies par gaz et liquide, agencement d'une électrode et d'un tube de refroidissement, guidage des gaz, torche à plasma, procédé de guidage des gaz dans une torche à plasma et procédé pour faire fonctionner une torche à plasma
CN110000455A (zh) * 2019-05-16 2019-07-12 常州九圣焊割设备有限公司 等离子弧割炬

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1401407B1 (it) 2013-07-26
EP2418921B1 (fr) 2013-05-29
PL2418921T3 (pl) 2013-10-31
ITBO20100492A1 (it) 2012-01-31

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