EP2449623B1 - Modulare frequenzbereichserweiterungsvorrichtung für eine omnidirektionale antenne mit sehr weitem frequenzbereich - Google Patents

Modulare frequenzbereichserweiterungsvorrichtung für eine omnidirektionale antenne mit sehr weitem frequenzbereich Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2449623B1
EP2449623B1 EP10723615.0A EP10723615A EP2449623B1 EP 2449623 B1 EP2449623 B1 EP 2449623B1 EP 10723615 A EP10723615 A EP 10723615A EP 2449623 B1 EP2449623 B1 EP 2449623B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
metal
band
plate
carrier
Prior art date
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Application number
EP10723615.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2449623A1 (de
Inventor
Sébastien PALUD
Cyrille Le Meins
Thierry Guignard
Franck Colombel
Mohamed Himdi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite de Rennes 1
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite de Rennes 1
Thales SA
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Publication of EP2449623A1 publication Critical patent/EP2449623A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna

Definitions

  • the object of the invention relates to a device with adjustable positions depending on the carrier vehicle to expand the band of use of a very broadband omnidirectional antenna, for example to expand the band 100 MHz-3GHz to the band 30 MHz-3GHz.
  • adjustable positions refers to elements of the device whose position and / or disposition may change depending on the antenna used and the carrier on which it is located.
  • the invention lies in the field of antennas or antenna systems dedicated to electromagnetic wave emission / reception applications in a very wide band.
  • the document of the prior art US3587004 describes contra-directional couplers.
  • the concept implemented in the invention can be integrated on all types of carrier (terrestrial, naval or airborne). It is particularly suitable for integration on the roof of a mobile carrier (civilian and military vehicles). It can be exploited in other frequency bands than the one mentioned above.
  • antennal structures such as monopole antennas, saber antennas, dipole antennas, biconical antennas or discone, or antennas loaded with a resistor or a tuning box.
  • the antenna structure according to the invention makes it possible to solve one or more of the aforementioned problems.
  • the lower conductive plate of the antenna may be an independent plate attached to the carrier vehicle.
  • Said locations provided on the plates are holes or orifices allowing adjustment or easy movement of the metal links of the matching circuit consisting of power resistors.
  • the hole matrices or locations are extended around the metal planes and to near the junction of the upper metal plane and the upper part of the broadband exciter.
  • the said metal links are inclined or perpendicular to the planes.
  • the number and arrangement of the metal links provided with the matching circuit consisting of power resistors are defined taking into account the carrier on which the antenna is arranged.
  • the value of the power resistors vary and are adapted according to their number and the carrier on which the antenna is arranged.
  • the characteristics of the power resistors are chosen to allow the antenna to be used for high power applications also in the extended frequency band.
  • the frequency operating band is between 30 MHz and 3 GHz.
  • the matching circuit consists of, for example, one or more elements selected from the following list: resistance, capacitance and / or power choke.
  • this according to the carrier vehicle intended to receive the antenna aims at using the antenna for emitting electromagnetic waves. on the horizon and below the horizon, that is to say, downwards and over 360 ° azimuth for a frequency band between 30 MHz and 3 GHz.
  • the basic idea of the device according to the invention is to absorb a portion of the currents flowing on the reference antenna plates and to promote the excitation of the carrier vehicle which, given these dimensions radiate an electromagnetic field directed mainly towards the horizon in the low bands (30-100 MHz) of the transmitting antenna.
  • the omnidirectional antenna operating in the frequency band (100-3000 MHz) sees its operating band very widely extended since it can then operate from 30 MHz to 3000 MHz.
  • the Figure 1A represents a side view of an example of an antenna structure disposed by means of the modular device according to the invention on a carrier vehicle V ( FIG.2A ).
  • the antenna 1 used in the present description for illustrative purposes is detailed in the applicant's patent application. FR 08 07230 .
  • An antenna 1 intended to be mounted on the support consists, for example, of a lower conductive plate 6 designed with a conductive material such as a metal material having for example a length L1 of 2000mm and a width 11 of 1700 mm.
  • This plate may be a planar or substantially planar metallic part independent or any of a carrier V ( Figure 2A ).
  • a second conductive plate which in this example corresponds to the upper plate 5 and has a length L2 in this example of 2000 mm and a width 12 of 1700 mm forms the upper plane of the antenna system according to the invention.
  • the plate 6 forming the lower plane and the plate 5 forming the upper plane may have an identical surface.
  • the two plates can be made of the same metallic material adapted to microwave frequencies.
  • the lower plate 6 and the upper plate 5 are spaced apart by a distance or gap E.
  • the value of the spacing E between the two plates is chosen according to the minimum frequency of use.
  • the spacing E may be less than the wavelength, corresponding to the minimum operating frequency, divided by 8.
  • the larger the dimensions of the plates the smaller the spacing of the plates may be.
  • the antenna 1 is constituted by a broadband exciter 7 positioned between the metal planes 5 and 6 in which a matrix of holes 8 ( Figures 1B and 1C ) is performed in order to receive several metal links 2 loaded by power resistors 3.
  • the metallic links have the particular function of allowing electrical conduction between the different elements.
  • the power resistors 3 are preferably situated on the lower plate 6. These power resistors 3 are, on the one hand, connected to the metal links 2 connected to the upper plane 5 and, on the other hand, to the connected metal links 4 6. In fact, the metal planes 5 and 6 are connected to each other via the elements 2, 3 and 4.
  • the number of metal links can vary depending on the need. These links, according to their number, their placement and the value of the power resistance 3, allow optimization of the adaptation of the low frequency structure by absorbing undesirable currents. They also make it easier to excite the carrier vehicle that participates in the radiation in the frequency band 30MHz-100MHz.
  • the position of the metal links 2,4 as well as the power resistors 3 it is also possible to modify the radiation of the antenna, for example, to improve the radiation of the antenna in the presence of the carrier or to avoid radiation in one direction in the frequency bands of a few percent.
  • the power resistors may have different values or not.
  • the Figures 1B and 1C respectively show a view from above and a bottom view of an embodiment of the antenna.
  • a matrix of holes 8 is formed in order to easily adjust the location of the elements 2, 3 and 4 and allow the latter to play their role of conductor between the planes 5 and 6.
  • the metal links 2, 4 resistively charged by the power resistors 3 can be moved to all the positions 8 or holes Ti of the matrix.
  • the dies will preferably be extended around the planes 5 and 6 and up to the junction of the metal plane 5 and the upper part 9 of the broadband exciter 7 present between the two planes 5, 6.
  • the metal links can be inclined or perpendicular to the planes 5, 6. These links can be straight, bent or meandering.
  • the metal plane 6 is directly made by a part of the carrier, for example when it corresponds to the roof of the vehicle (gallery or other), then the matrix of the missing plane 6 may not be realized and the elements 3, 4 directly attached to the carrier by means known to those skilled in the art or means that allow the conduction to be done.
  • the conduction metal bonds can be made of any type of material having properties conductors from the moment when this material is adapted to operate in the microwave.
  • the spacing between plates, the number and the arrangement of the metal links are, for example, determined according to the widening of the band of use to be obtained by using electromagnetic simulation tools.
  • the omnidirectional antenna 1 provided with metal links loaded with power resistors 3, for example, is adapted to a characteristic impedance of 50 Ohms.
  • the fact of using power resistors 3 allows this antenna 1 modified according to the invention to be used for high power applications on the band 30-3000 MHz.
  • This antenna also has radio coverage mainly directed to the horizon and to the ground over the entire frequency band.
  • the dielectric spacers 10 and 11 have the particular function of ensuring a mechanical rigidity of the system.
  • a more complex matching or charging circuit composed of one or more elements chosen from the following list: resistance, inductance, capacitance, the elements mentioned being used alone or in combination, knowing that the final function will be to ensure the impedance matching and the radiation of the antennal system on any carrier.
  • the broadband exciter 7 has the particular function of establishing an electric field E guided between the two planes 5, 6 and its outer wall Se ( Fig.1d ).
  • the exciter may consist of several conductive facets (metal, for example) 20i whose profile of their outer wall has been optimized to operate on the bandwidth of the antenna.
  • the assembly of the various facets 20i (for example, with symmetry of revolution), as well as their profile are chosen to ensure a progressive and omnidirectional transition of the electric field between an excitation point 21 disposed at the level of the lower plane 6 and the plane
  • the excitation point 21 is, for example, a conductive cylinder formed for example in a machined metal material, providing the mechanical and electrical interface between the core of the connector 22 and the broadband exciter.
  • Facets 20i can be metal plates, metal fabric or formed of metal rods.
  • the facets 20i are, for example, connected to each other and to the upper plane 5 by means of metal screws (or conductive). Any other fastener allowing electrical continuity between the two parts may be considered. It is also possible to use a mechanically welded technique.
  • the various metal parts are, for example, screwed or nested with each other so as to ensure good mechanical strength and electrical continuity from the core of the connector 22 to the exciter junction - upper plate. Any other technique allowing an assembly ensuring on the one hand a mechanical strength and on the other hand an electrical continuity can be used.
  • the combination of elements 20 and 23 form the broadband exciter.
  • the assembly has an outer surface Se and a surface profile P s adapted to generate a linear vertical polarization electric field created between the two plates 5, 6, under the effect of a signal applied at an excitation point 21 of the antenna, said electric field propagating within a guiding structure formed by the upper plate, the lower plate and the excitation means.
  • the metal cone 23 makes it possible to ensure the mechanical and electrical interface between the facets 20i and the excitation point 21.
  • the exciter can take different forms and consist of one or more parts as long as this gradual transition is ensured between the two planes or the two plates.
  • the progressive transition is defined in the context of the invention as a transition or mechanical profile progressive symmetry of revolution between the excitation point 21 and the upper plate 5 for very broadband impedance matching.
  • the broadband excitation means generates, for example, a vertically polarized electric field.
  • the broadband excitation means is, for example, adapted to create an electric field propagating between the two plates said antenna generating an omnidirectional radio radiation in azimuth oriented towards the ground and the horizon.
  • facets to form the outer wall of the exciter offers advantages such as facilitating the assembly and manufacture of the system.
  • the excitement of facets 20i is provided by a conical metal cylinder 23 at the top of which is placed the excitation point 21 and at the base of which are fixed the metal facets 20i.
  • This part 23 of the system is not necessarily conical, but may be cylindrical, hemispherical, exponential or logarithmic, according to shapes and profiles known to those skilled in the art.
  • the dimensions above are given for illustrative purposes. Indeed, the dimensions of the upper plane may be greater, smaller or equal to the dimensions of the lower plane according to the desired orientation of the radiation, to the ground, the horizon or the sky.
  • the shape of the plates can be rectangular, circular, square, ovoid or polygonal complex depending on the surface acceptable by the wearer and the specification relating to the omnidirectionality of the radiation patterns.
  • the Figures 2A and 2B represent a proposed integration of the antenna 1 provided with the elements 2, 3, 4 according to the invention on a vehicle V 4x4 type.
  • the elements 2, 3, 4 are placed so as to compensate for example the dissymmetry of the vehicle which influences the omnidirectionality.
  • the Figures 3A and 3B represent a proposal for integration of the antenna 1 provided with metal links resistively charged on a Vehicle 11 of the Avant Armored Vehicle type.
  • the elements 2, 3, 4 are placed so as to compensate, for example, the dissymmetry of the vehicle and the positioning of the antenna which influences the omnidirectionality.
  • the figure 4 represents the standing wave ratio obtained for a configuration of the antenna 1, with and without the resisitively charged metal links and with and without a carrier vehicle.
  • the invention allows a significant improvement of the low frequency adaptation without degrading the adaptation to the rest of the band.
  • the invention also allows the carrier vehicle to contribute to the adaptation of the antenna 1.
  • the curve I corresponds to the ROS as a function of the frequency for an antenna alone (without a vehicle and without a metal link resistively charged)
  • the curve II corresponds to an antenna without a vehicle and with resistively loaded metal links
  • the curve III corresponds to an antenna mounted on a vehicle and with resistively charged links.
  • the figure 5 represents, in dB, the gain achieved on the horizon in vertical polarization over the frequency band 30-3000 MHz.
  • the use of the invention in the presence of a carrier vehicle V allows a significant increase of the gain in low frequency and a stabilization of the latter on the intermediate frequencies by a judicious choice of the positioning of the elements 2, 3, 4.
  • the gain in high frequency is not degraded by the presence of these elements.
  • Curve IV represents the curve obtained without a vehicle with resistively charged metal links, curve V, a vehicle-mounted antenna and resistively charged metal links.

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Modulare Vorrichtung zum Erweitern des Nutzungsbandes einer omnidirektionalen Ultrabreitbandantenne, wobei die Antenne (1) auf einem Trägerfahrzeug V angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie wenigstens die folgenden Elemente beinhaltet:
    ● eine erste obere leitende Platte (5), die mit einer oder mehreren Stellen (8) zum Halten von Metallverbindungen (2) versehen ist, wobei die Metallverbindungen (2) mit einer von einem Leistungswiderstand (3) gebildeten Anpassungsschaltung geladen wird,
    ● eine zweite untere leitende Platte (6), die ebenfalls mit einer oder mehreren Stellen (8) zum Bilden der elektrischen Kontakte zwischen den Leistungswiderständen (3) und der Platte durch Metallverbindungen (4) versehen ist,
    ● wobei die Antenne (1) einen Breitbanderreger (7) mit einer Außenfläche und einem Oberflächenprofil umfasst, das so ausgelegt ist, dass es ein elektrisches Feld mit vertikaler Linearpolarisation erzeugt oder erfasst, die zwischen den zwei Platten (5, 6) entsteht, wobei sich das elektrische Feld im Innern einer Führungsstruktur ausbreitet, die durch die erste Platte (5), die zweite Platte (6) und das Breitbanderregungsmittel (7) gebildet wird, wobei der Breitbanderreger eine "pseudokonische" Form hat und von leitenden Facetten, Metallgeflecht oder Metallstäben gebildet wird.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die untere leitende Platte (6) der Antenne (1) eine unabhängige Platte ist, die am Trägerfahrzeug V oder einem leitenden Teil des Trägerfahrzeugs angebracht wird.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die an den Platten (5, 6) vorgesehenen Stellen (8) Löcher oder Öffnungen sind, die ein einfaches Verstellen oder Verschieben der Metallverbindungen (2, 4) zulassen, und eine Anpassungsschaltung, die von Leistungswiderständen (3) gebildet wird.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Matrizen von Löchern oder Stellen (8) über den Umfang der Metallebenen (5, 6) bis zur Nähe des Übergangs zwischen der oberen Metallebene (5) und dem oberen Teil (9) des Breitbanderregers (7) verlaufen.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallverbindungen (2) relativ zu den Ebenen (5, 6) geneigt oder lotrecht sind.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Anzahl und Anordnung der Metallverbindungen (2, 4), die mit der von Leistungswiderständen (3) gebildeten Anpassungsschaltung versehen sind, unter Berücksichtigung des Trägers definiert werden, auf dem die Antenne (1) angeordnet ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Werte der Leistungswiderstände (3) je nach ihrer Anzahl und ihrem Träger ausgelegt sind, auf dem die Antenne (1) angeordnet ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Charakteristiken der Leistungswiderstände (3) so gewählt sind, dass die Antenne (1) für Hochleistungsanwendungen benutzt wird, die auch im erweiterten Frequenzband sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anpassungsschaltung von einem oder mehreren Elementen gebildet wird, die aus der folgenden Liste ausgewählt sind: Widerstand, Kondensator und/oder Leistungsinduktor.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Betriebsfrequenzband zwischen 30 MHz und 3 GHz liegt.
EP10723615.0A 2009-06-30 2010-06-16 Modulare frequenzbereichserweiterungsvorrichtung für eine omnidirektionale antenne mit sehr weitem frequenzbereich Active EP2449623B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0903188A FR2947389B1 (fr) 2009-06-30 2009-06-30 Dispositif d'extension de bande modulable pour antenne omnidirectionnelle tres large bande
PCT/EP2010/058492 WO2011000702A1 (fr) 2009-06-30 2010-06-16 Dispositif d'extension de bande modulable pour antenne omnidirectionnelle tres large bande

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EP2449623A1 EP2449623A1 (de) 2012-05-09
EP2449623B1 true EP2449623B1 (de) 2013-07-24

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EP (1) EP2449623B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2947389B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2011000702A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3587004A (en) * 1969-09-23 1971-06-22 Sylvania Electric Prod Contradirectional couplers
EP0978899A1 (de) * 1998-08-06 2000-02-09 Radiacion y Microondas, S.A. Parabolförmige Antenne mit Isoflux-Strahlungsdiagramm

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EP2449623A1 (de) 2012-05-09
FR2947389B1 (fr) 2011-06-17
WO2011000702A1 (fr) 2011-01-06
FR2947389A1 (fr) 2010-12-31

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