EP2474467B1 - Maritime Vorrichtung zur Erfassung seismischer und/oder elektromagnetischer Daten - Google Patents

Maritime Vorrichtung zur Erfassung seismischer und/oder elektromagnetischer Daten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2474467B1
EP2474467B1 EP11305020.7A EP11305020A EP2474467B1 EP 2474467 B1 EP2474467 B1 EP 2474467B1 EP 11305020 A EP11305020 A EP 11305020A EP 2474467 B1 EP2474467 B1 EP 2474467B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
submerged
power source
anyone
marine device
payload
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP11305020.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2474467A1 (de
Inventor
Noël Voisin
Alexis Duboue
Michaël Gobin
Alain Fidani
Stéphane Tollet
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Sercel SAS
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Sercel SAS
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Publication date
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Priority to EP11305020.7A priority Critical patent/EP2474467B1/de
Priority to CA2763154A priority patent/CA2763154C/en
Priority to US13/344,841 priority patent/US8758072B2/en
Priority to CN201210004783.1A priority patent/CN102673740B/zh
Priority to RU2012100229/11A priority patent/RU2596383C2/ru
Publication of EP2474467A1 publication Critical patent/EP2474467A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2474467B1 publication Critical patent/EP2474467B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
    • G01V1/3817—Positioning of seismic devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/56—Towing or pushing equipment
    • B63B21/66—Equipment specially adapted for towing underwater objects or vessels, e.g. fairings for tow-cables
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources

Definitions

  • a submerged payload such as an elongated subsea cable adapted to record seismic and/or electromagnetic data and transfer said data to a processing unit which can be located on a ship.
  • Difficulties remain concerning anchoring the submerged payload, maintaining the floating buoy at or near the surface of water, while the buoys are now more and more heavy and large. Their overweights are related at least notably to increase of electrical power requirements. Further, allowing the submerged payload to be precisely located, or localizable, especially in deep water, is important.
  • the submerged anchor will include at least a part of said power source submerged part.
  • said power source submerged part will possibly be used as dead weight.
  • the submerged anchor is connected to the mooring line, retaining the floating buoy and preventing it from drifting will be easier than before.
  • At least one of the power source submerged part and the submerged anchor has a mass allowing it to lay down on seabed and the surface floating buoy is mechanically connected therewith.
  • the power source includes at least one electrochemical battery cell and said (submerged part) power source is used as dead weight.
  • the floating buoy and submerged payload are connected through at least one of a wireless connection and a cable (electrical or optical) connection, collecting data from the payload (such as recorded seismic data or electromagnetic data) and/or allowing the data transmitter to transmit such data will be allowed.
  • the submerged payload comprises an elongated subsea cable and said at least one of the second electrical means and electronics comprises at least one of a seismic sensor and an electromagnetic sensor, such a sensitive payload should take advantage of both an improved power source (higher power capacity) and a stabilized buoy offering higher electronics and/or transmission capacities.
  • the mooring line be adapted for passing therethrough at least one of electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic powers, data (seismic or electromagnetic data) and fluid.
  • data semiconductor or electromagnetic data
  • Such a dual (mechanical and other) function mooring line will improve the safety and efficiency of the marine device.
  • the mooring line comprises at least one of a cable (electrical or optical)adapted to transmit seismic or electromagnetic data, also called data cable later on description, and an electrical cable adapted to supply the power for said submerged payload.
  • a cable electrical or optical
  • an electrical cable adapted to supply the power for said submerged payload.
  • the mooring line is flexible over at least a major portion of its length, so as to define a common cable line adapted to both electrically and mechanically connect the floating buoy and at least one of the submerged anchor, the submerged payload and the power source submerged part.
  • An improved control of the mechanical stress (especially on the buoy) should also be reached.
  • the submerged payload is connected to the power source submerged part through at least one of a splitter and a jumper, different ways of connecting the elements will be available.
  • the marine device will further comprise at least one mid-water buoy having positive buoyancy and disposed at or connected to an intermediate portion of the mooring line, for allowing it to float under the water surface. This will improve the ability of controlling (limiting) the mechanical stresses, especially those soliciting the floating buoy.
  • the submerged anchor will comprise a plurality of submerged anchors located on seabed. A drifting prevention in different directions will thus be reached.
  • the submerged anchor will preferably include materials including at least one of:
  • the submerged anchor(s) will have at least a dual function: dead weight and power/communication/processing function.
  • a marine device 1 including specifications in conformity with the invention and adapted to be disposed in water.
  • the marine device 1 comprises a floating buoy 3, a submerged payload 5, a power source 7 at least a part of which, 7a, is submerged, and a mooring line 9 extending between the floating buoy 3 and at least one of the power source submerged part 7a, the submerged payload 5 and a submerged anchor 11; see figure 2 .
  • buoy covers any shape of buoy, including for example a platform shape, provided that said platform has a floating capacity.
  • the submerged anchor 11 has a mass allowing it to stay under the water surface 13, for preventing the floating buoy from drifting beyond a determined area referenced 130 figures 2 , 6 .
  • the floating buoy 3 contains electrical means and electronics 15 including a data logger 15a, a data receiver 15b and a data transmitter 15c (see figure 7 ). Said buoy 3 has a mass allowing it to float at the surface, or near the surface 13 of water (just below).
  • the submerged anchor 11 comprises at least one heavy block.
  • Figure 6 it comprises a plurality of submerged anchors 110, 111, 113 located on seabed 12. Disposing such a plurality of submerged anchors radially around a vertical axis 3a passing by the floating buoy 3 will prevent it from excessively drifting in different directions more closely.
  • the so-called mooring line 9 can be one of the respective cable links 9, 19, 29 which (at least) mechanically connect the buoy 3 to the respective dead weights, or passive anchors, 110, 111, 113.
  • cable links 19, 29 are mechanical links, only.
  • the submerged payload 5 has also a mass allowing it to stay under the water surface 13. It contains at least one of electrical means and electronics 17a, 17b, such as sensors, data transmitter, switches,... .
  • the submerged payload 5 comprises an elongated subsea cable 50.
  • said at least one of electrical means and electronics 17a, 17b comprises at least one sensor 170a, like seismic sensor (geophone or hydrophone for example) and a electromagnetic sensor; see figure 3 .
  • the latter and said submerged payload 5 are connected through at least one of a wireless connection and a cable (electrical or optical) connection.
  • reference 23 shows such a wireless connection.
  • cable 50 has a weight allowing it to lay down on seabed 12 over at least the major part of its length.
  • the submerged payload comprises an elongated subsea cable 50
  • the latter can be a cable of a seismic survey system.
  • the sensor unit of such a cable typically includes at least one of a electromagnetic sensor and a seismic sensors, these lasts allowing to detect particle motion waves (geophones) and/or pressure waves (hydrophones).
  • a decoupling device can substantially mechanically uncouple the sensor unit from the cable.
  • marine cable 50 can be used in a seismic survey conducted by a vessel towing an acoustic source close to a water surface.
  • This source emits acoustical energy, typically in the form of pressure waves (p-waves), that penetrates a geological formation of interest below a seabed or mud line (often called "subsurface formation").
  • p-waves pressure waves
  • subsurface formation of interest below a seabed or mud line
  • a network of sensors e.g., hydrophones mounted in one or more cables registers reflected acoustical energy in the form of p-waves. These cables are typically towed in conjunction with or separately from the acoustic source.
  • the hydrophones are pressure sensitive electrical sensors that generate electrical signals corresponding to the detected acoustical energy.
  • s-waves shear waves
  • the sensors configured to detect s-waves are ideally placed at the seabed to record this type of signals. This is known technology, and the method is amongst other described in U.S. Patent No. 4,725,990 .
  • the sensors that are used have to be motion sensitive (e.g., geophones or accelerometers).
  • FIG 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a marine seismic survey system 10 for recording seismic or electromagnetic data.
  • the preferred system 10 includes a first vessel 2 for towing a seismic source 4 such as an air gun array and a second vessel 6 for deploying cable 50 with sensor units 171 at the seabed 12.
  • the survey can be performed with one vessel.
  • a vessel can deploy the sensor cable 50, which can include tethering or hooking up the sensor cable 50 to a substantially stationary installation, which can be buoy 3, in a pre-selected area.
  • substantially stationary it is meant that the movement of the sensor is restricted to a predefined range or perimeter.
  • the buoy can be fitted with a suitable data recording system 15d ( figure 7 ). Thereafter, the same vessel can deploy the seismic source.
  • the cable-deployment vessel and the source-towing vessel are the same vessel.
  • the seismic source 4 upon deployment, emits acoustic pulses or pressure waves ("p-waves"), illustrated by line 8, that propagate through the water and the different layers of a subsurface geological formation of interest 14.
  • p-waves acoustic pulses or pressure waves
  • Some of the energy in the emitted energy 8 is reflected from the boundaries between the different layers in the subsurface formation 16. These boundaries are sometimes referred to as "reflectors” having different acoustic impedances.
  • the reflected acoustical energy will partly be shear waves ("s-waves") and partly p-waves, and are illustrated by line 18.
  • the reflected energy is detected by the sensor units 171, which transmit responsive signals to a recording system (not shown) onboard the vessel 6. These signals are recorded, processed and analyzed by known techniques.
  • Vessel or ship 6 can accordingly be provided with a processing unit 33 and a communication unit 35 ( figure 1 ) for recovering data from the payload (such as seismic data), possibly through the data transmitter 15c, the data receiver 15b, and the data logger 15a, via antenna 15e of the buoy 3.
  • a processing unit 33 and a communication unit 35 figure 1 for recovering data from the payload (such as seismic data), possibly through the data transmitter 15c, the data receiver 15b, and the data logger 15a, via antenna 15e of the buoy 3.
  • the submerged anchor 11 can be, or include, one or more heavy dead weight, such as a block of concrete. However, it is recommended that the submerged anchor 11 includes materials including at least one of:
  • Electrical means 110a can be switches, pumps, generator; electronics 110b can be loggers, data memories, communication unit for communication with buoy 3,... .
  • such means will include an electric power unit (referenced 27 below), electronics and communication means which can be used to power and communicate with buoy 3, and possibly any other subsea system connected to the submerged anchor 11.
  • an electric power unit referenced 27 below
  • electronics and communication means which can be used to power and communicate with buoy 3, and possibly any other subsea system connected to the submerged anchor 11.
  • the following components could be housed in buoy 3: Wireless communication means (HF radio, Wifi, etc..), Wired communication means (Ethernet, USB, FireWire IEEE1394, or any other protocol), optical or electrical communication means for data communication, light power supplies or conversion systems, data logger, computer or microcontroller.
  • Wireless communication means HF radio, Wifi, etc..
  • Wired communication means Ethernet, USB, FireWire IEEE1394, or any other protocol
  • optical or electrical communication means for data communication light power supplies or conversion systems
  • data logger computer or microcontroller.
  • the submerged payload 5 and the submerged power source 7a be connected.
  • the submerged power source 7a could also be used for powering the active components of electrical means and electronics 15 of the buoy 3, while being involved in the anti-drifting action.
  • both the power source submerged part and the submerged anchor 11 will preferably have a mass allowing them to lay on seabed 12, for preventing drifting of the buoy 3, as explained.
  • the electrical power source submerged part 7a is electrically connected to the submerged payload 5 and the floating buoy 3.
  • Such a connection can be direct or indirect.
  • the power source will include one or more electrical battery 27.
  • Figure 2 shows, as elements of part 7a, a lead-acid battery cell 27a and a fuel cell 27b which are both electrochemical batteries. Only one of them can be used.
  • the mooring line 9 extends between the floating buoy 5 and at least one of the power source submerged part 7a, the submerged payload 5 and the submerged anchor 11.
  • the mooring line 9 will be connected at one end to the floating buoy 3 and, at the opposite end, to the submerged anchor 11.
  • the length of the mooring line 9 is referenced L
  • said mooring line comprises a cable 90, also called “data cable”, adapted to transmit seismic or electromagnetic data through electrical or optical connection, and an electrical cable 91 for supplying electrical power to the submerged payload (for example, in a preferred embodiment).
  • the mooring line will preferably be flexible over at least a major portion of its length L , so as to define a common cable line adapted to both electrically and mechanically connect the floating buoy 3 and the submerged anchor 11, the submerged payload 5 and the power source submerged part 7a, directly or not.
  • Figure 9 shows a mooring line 900 adapted for passing therethrough electrical power, through cable 910, hydraulic power, through duct 911, pneumatic power, through duct 912, seismic or electromagnetic data, through cable 913, and fluid (such as water), through duct 914.
  • the figure 3 shows said submerged payload 5 connected to the power source submerged part 7a through the splitter 25.
  • the figure 4 shows said submerged payload 5 connected to the power source submerged part 7a through the jumper 27.
  • FIGS 3-5 show embodiments in which the marine device 1 further comprises at least one mid-water buoy 300, 301 (presently, a plurality) having positive buoyancy and disposed at (buoys 300), or connected to (buoys 301), an intermediate portion of the mooring line 9, for allowing it to float under the water surface 13.
  • the marine device 1 further comprises at least one mid-water buoy 300, 301 (presently, a plurality) having positive buoyancy and disposed at (buoys 300), or connected to (buoys 301), an intermediate portion of the mooring line 9, for allowing it to float under the water surface 13.
  • the payload is also a mid-water component.
  • the mooring line has an S-shape, lazy wave, steep wave or lazy S configuration. Consequently, it has a reserve of length adapted for absorbing limited movements and primary stress. Such an over-length prevents the buoy 3 from being excessively stresses via line 9. Other shapes can be retained.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Meeresvorrichtung (1), die Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Schwimmboje (3), die eine Masse besitzt, die ihr erlaubt, an der Oberfläche oder in der Nähe der Oberfläche (13) von Wasser zu schwimmen, und die ein erstes elektrisches Mittel und/oder Elektronik (15a, 15b, 15c) enthält,
    - eine untergetauchte Nutzlast (5), wovon wenigstens ein Teil eine Masse hat, die ihr erlaubt, unter der Wasseroberfläche (13) zu bleiben, und die ein zweites elektrisches Mittel und/oder Elektronik (17a, 17b) enthält,
    - eine Festmacherleine (9, 90, 900),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ferner Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Leistungsquelle (7), die eine erste Leistungsquelle (7a) und eine zweite Leistungsquelle (7b) umfasst,
    - wobei die erste Leistungsquelle (7a) untergetaucht ist und mit der untergetauchten Nutzlast (5) und/oder mit der Schwimmboje (3) elektrisch verbunden ist und
    - die zweite Leistungsquelle (7b) in der Boje (3) gehalten wird,
    - die Festmacherleine sich zwischen der auf der Oberfläche schwimmenden Boje (3) und dem untergetauchten Leistungsquellenteil (7a) erstreckt, wobei die untergetauchte Nutzlast (5) und ein untergetauchter Anker (11) eine Masse haben, die der Festmacherleine ermöglicht, unter der Wasseroberfläche (13) zu bleiben, um zu verhindern, dass die Schwimmboje (3) über einen vorgegebenen Bereich (130) hinaus driftet.
  2. Meeresvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der untergetauchte Anker (11) wenigstens einen Teil des untergetauchten Leistungsquellenteils (7a) enthält.
  3. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der untergetauchte Anker (11) mit der Festmacherleine (9, 90, 900) verbunden ist.
  4. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der untergetauchte Leistungsquellenteil (7a) und/oder der untergetauchte Anker (11) eine Masse besitzen, die ihnen ermöglicht, auf dem Meeresboden (12) zu liegen.
  5. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Schwimmboje (3) und die untergetauchte Nutzlast (5) über eine drahtlose Verbindung (23) und/oder eine drahtgebundene Verbindung verbunden sind.
  6. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die erste Leistungsquelle (7a) eine elektromechanische Batteriezelle (27a, 27b) enthält.
  7. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die untergetauchte Nutzlast ein untergetauchtes Kabel (50) enthält, das ein Gewicht hat, das ihm ermöglicht, auf dem Meeresboden (12) zu liegen.
  8. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die untergetauchte Nutzlast ein langgestrecktes Unterseekabel (50) umfasst und das zweite elektrische Mittel und/oder die Elektronik (17a, 17b) einen seismischen Sensor und/oder einen elektromagnetischen Sensor enthalten.
  9. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Leistungsquelle eine elektromagnetische Leistungsquelle ist und wobei das zweite elektrische Mittel und/oder die Elektronik wenigstens einen elektromagnetischen Sensor umfassen.
  10. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Festmacherleine (900) dafür ausgelegt ist, dass durch sie elektrische, hydraulische (911) und pneumatische Leistung (912) sowie Daten und Fluid (913) geführt werden können.
  11. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die untergetauchte Nutzlast (5) mit dem untergetauchten Leistungsquellenteil (7a) über einen Teiler (25) und/oder eine Überbrückung (27) verbunden ist.
  12. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, die ferner wenigstens eine im Wasser schwebende Boje (300, 301) umfasst, die einen positiven Auftrieb besitzt und bei einem Zwischenabschnitt der Festmacherleine angeordnet oder damit verbunden ist, um ihr zu ermöglichen, unter der Wasseroberfläche (13) zu schweben.
  13. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Festmacherleine (9, 90, 900) eine Länge besitzt und wenigstens ein Datenkabel (90), das dafür ausgelegt ist, Daten zu übertragen, und wenigstens ein elektrisches Kabel (91) umfasst, wobei die Festmacherleine wenigstens über einen Hauptteil ihrer Länge flexibel ist, um eine gemeinsame Kabelleitung zu definieren, die dafür ausgelegt ist, sowohl elektrisch als auch mechanisch die Schwimmboje (3) sowie den untergetauchten Anker (11) und/oder die untergetauchte Nutzlast (5) und/oder den untergetauchten Leistungsquellenteil (7a) zu verbinden.
  14. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der untergetauchte Anker mehrere untergetauchte Anker (110, 111, 113), die sich auf dem Meeresboden (12) befinden, umfasst.
  15. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der untergetauchte Anker (11) Materialien enthält, die wenigstens eines der Folgenden umfassen:
    - den untergetauchten Leistungsquellenteil (7a) und
    - elektrische Mittel (110a) und/oder Elektronik (110b).
  16. Meeresvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die elektrischen Mittel und/oder die Elektronik (15a, 15b, 15c) einen Datensender (15c) und/oder einen Datenempfänger (15b) und/oder eine Datenprotokolliereinrichtung (15a) umfassen.
EP11305020.7A 2011-01-07 2011-01-07 Maritime Vorrichtung zur Erfassung seismischer und/oder elektromagnetischer Daten Not-in-force EP2474467B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11305020.7A EP2474467B1 (de) 2011-01-07 2011-01-07 Maritime Vorrichtung zur Erfassung seismischer und/oder elektromagnetischer Daten
CA2763154A CA2763154C (en) 2011-01-07 2012-01-04 Marine device
US13/344,841 US8758072B2 (en) 2011-01-07 2012-01-06 Marine device
CN201210004783.1A CN102673740B (zh) 2011-01-07 2012-01-09 海洋装置
RU2012100229/11A RU2596383C2 (ru) 2011-01-07 2012-01-10 Судовое устройство

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11305020.7A EP2474467B1 (de) 2011-01-07 2011-01-07 Maritime Vorrichtung zur Erfassung seismischer und/oder elektromagnetischer Daten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2474467A1 EP2474467A1 (de) 2012-07-11
EP2474467B1 true EP2474467B1 (de) 2014-09-03

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US (1) US8758072B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2474467B1 (de)
CN (1) CN102673740B (de)
CA (1) CA2763154C (de)
RU (1) RU2596383C2 (de)

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CN107499459A (zh) * 2017-08-24 2017-12-22 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 一种用于水体表面监测的浮动辅助装置
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JP6766122B2 (ja) * 2018-11-12 2020-10-07 応用地質株式会社 水底微動探査装置
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CN112606961A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-06 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 集成化学储能系统的海上风电浮式基础
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EP2474467A1 (de) 2012-07-11
RU2012100229A (ru) 2013-07-20
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US8758072B2 (en) 2014-06-24
US20120184161A1 (en) 2012-07-19

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