EP2501848B1 - Geschlossenes rohrförmiges fadengebilde und herstellungsverfahren - Google Patents

Geschlossenes rohrförmiges fadengebilde und herstellungsverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2501848B1
EP2501848B1 EP10787052.9A EP10787052A EP2501848B1 EP 2501848 B1 EP2501848 B1 EP 2501848B1 EP 10787052 A EP10787052 A EP 10787052A EP 2501848 B1 EP2501848 B1 EP 2501848B1
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Prior art keywords
architecture
threads
tubular part
tubular
fibrous
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2501848A1 (de
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Patrick David
Bruno Bompard
Jean-Luc Bonnand
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C1/00—Braid or lace, e.g. pillow-lace; Processes for the manufacture thereof
    • D04C1/06—Braid or lace serving particular purposes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/024—Fabric incorporating additional compounds
    • D10B2403/0241—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties
    • D10B2403/02411—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties with a single array of unbent yarn, e.g. unidirectional reinforcement fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs

Definitions

  • Textiles and fibrous structures are obtained by different fiber forming techniques.
  • the main ones are: knitting, weaving, braiding, fiber placement, glazing and filament winding.
  • the technique, the production parameters and the type of fibers used depend on the desired characteristics (geometrical, mechanical, electrical, surface appearance, aptitude for shaping or impregnation, injection) for the semi-finished product or the finished product that we want to manufacture.
  • the nature of the fibers that can be used is very varied: natural fibers, organic fibers, mineral fibers or ceramics (glass, carbon, silicon carbide, basalt, ).
  • Fibrous structures are generally used as reinforcement of composite materials (hulls, panels and structures, tanks, ...) but also have some direct applications (filtering or heating fabrics, braided cables, insulating knits, ).
  • the braiding presents the peculiarities of a very great flexibility of geometrical design of the thread paths (generic term) of the structures, a good dimensional stability and good properties mechanical properties (rigidity, torsion behavior, damage resistance) of the structures obtained as well as the possibility of directly producing complex shapes (mandrel braiding) with a high level of fibers.
  • This technique is, however, a little less used than weaving or knitting, because of its relative slowness and the lower mechanical properties of composites in compression.
  • Braiding has many similarities with filament winding. It does not make it possible to obtain such high fiber levels, but allows more complex parts to be obtained and better impact behavior. Both techniques can sometimes be used in a complementary way to make objects.
  • Textile braids are fibrous architectures obtained by interlacing of threads (threads, rovings, ribbons or bundles of threads).
  • the dispositions of the Sons relative to each other are defined by the form and characteristics of the object that one wishes to obtain.
  • the simplest braid that can be made, still called mat consists of only three threads where, alternatively, one of the two outer threads takes the place of the middle one by intercrossing, which leads each thread to pass periodically in the center, one side then the other of the braid.
  • Braids consisting of a larger number of threads are made on the same principle of interlacing, but with, so generally, Sons who follow the same direction for a longer distance.
  • the "2-D" braids consist of biaxial and triaxial braids.
  • the biaxial braids consist of two groups of wires which interlock with one another at an angle of ⁇ ⁇ , where ⁇ is defined as the braiding angle.
  • the figure 1 is a representation of a biaxial braid consisting of a first group of Sons 1 and a second group of Sons 2 which intersect.
  • the braiding angle ⁇ can vary approximately between 5 ° and 85 °, which are the practical limits of realization, between a braiding axis x and a tilting axis y.
  • the figure 2 is a representation of a triaxial braid consisting of a first group of wires 3, a second group of wires 4 and a third group of wires 5 aligned in the braiding direction.
  • the interleaving patterns are defined by two numbers: the number of Sons above which a thread of the opposite group passes and then the number of Sons below which it passes.
  • the main reasons used are (1,1) (diamond braiding), (2,2) (normal braiding), (3,3) (Hercules braiding).
  • the braiding thickness is constant and equal to the thickness of 2 wires (biaxial).
  • the ratio of the diameters must remain between about 1 to 3, corresponding to an angle vary between 20 ° and 70 °. It should be noted, however, that the mechanical strength is not the same in areas of different diameters and also varies by a factor of 1 to 3.
  • the tubular braids are obtained by braiding or directly on a liner (or envelope) constituting the part to be obtained, or on a mandrel. Thick structures are made by stacking several layers of braids (possibly different patterns) on top of one another.
  • the "3-D” braids are an extension of the “2D” braids, obtained with the simultaneous braiding of several layers of “2D” braids having a periodic link from layer to layer. This type of texture is still known by the name of "interlock braid”. This makes it possible to obtain greater thicknesses, bonds between the layers (leading to better mechanical properties, such as better resistance to delamination), and more complex and precise shapes.
  • Braiding is a traditional textile technique, very old (1748, Thomas Wadford's loom), originally used to make ropes, laces or tube reinforcements.
  • the figure 3 represents the block diagram of a circular braiding machine, as described in Handbook of Composite Reinforcements by Y. Ed. Lee et al.
  • a 2D braider that can be either vertical or horizontal, consists of a set of spindles 11 (wire reel stands) that move within a guide path defined on a table and according to a braiding plane 12.
  • the spindles follow paths waving at the periphery of the circular table, half in one direction of the circle, the other half in opposite direction, the two paths intertwining as shown in figure 4 .
  • Reference 16 represents the convergence zone of the braiding yarns.
  • the reference 18 represents an axial yarn, the reference 19 representing an axial yarn guide.
  • the ratio of the speed of movement of the spindles relative to that of displacement of the mandrel defines the angle of braiding.
  • the ratio of the number of reels with respect to the number of crossings defines the type of braiding pattern produced.
  • the addition of fixed coils makes it possible to obtain triaxial braids. If the spindles do not make complete turns but turn back after a certain distance, we obtain flat braids.
  • the spindles comprise uniform tensioning systems, allowing the tensioning or the compensation of the yarns (the distance from a spindle to the convergence zone on the braid being not constant), to obtain braids of uniform patterns and desired compactness.
  • the thickness of a layer is equal to twice the thickness of a wire.
  • 3D braiders There are two types of 3D braiders. The first type is called rectangular, with an alternating movement in two directions, and to obtain “Cartesian” braids. The second type is circular, with an alternating movement in the radial and circular directions, leading to "polar" braids. Obtaining profiles of different cross-sectional shapes is possible by a predetermined positioning of the spindles on the machine in the initial state. Hollow sections are obtained by polar braiding, massive sections by Cartesian braiding. Reference can be made to this subject in Article N 2511 of the Techniques de l'In deepur, cited above, and "Handbook of Composites" by G. Lubin et al., Springer, 1998 .
  • the patent US 7,204,903 describes, very briefly, an original solution.
  • the braiding is carried out on a cylindrical liner at the center and hemispherical (domes) at the ends. At least one domes has an insert at its end (pole).
  • the braiding is conducted in a conventional manner on the cylindrical portion and, on the hemispherical portion, to the insert.
  • the innovation lies in the fact that at this moment, instead of going back in the opposite direction, to make a second layer, the braiding is stopped and the coils turn (about 180 °), half in one direction, the other half in the other direction, which places the coils away from their original location.
  • the braiding then resumes (next layer), following the reverse direction of the previous one.
  • the advantage cited, compared to conventional braiding, is to avoid, during the transition of braiding from one layer to another, having to cut the son, or, when they have sufficient flexibility, to bend and fold them back.
  • the manufacturing method employed leads, during the 180 ° rotation, in the hemispherical part, to every second layer which corresponds to placements of non-interconnected wires (equivalent to filament winding) and to a considerable thickness at level of the insert (the wires overlap against this one).
  • no value or precision is given on the braiding itself, on the diameters of the cylinder or the insert, whether in the description of the invention or the examples (the only value numeric is that of the angle of rotation between two braids).
  • the teaching of this patent does not solve the closure at one end but only the integration of an insert.
  • the invention also does not provide a solution for the problem of small diameters.
  • the document US 2008/0264551 describes the manufacture of composite tanks (cylinders and hemispherical bottoms) based on dry yarns (not impregnated with resin) for the storage of low or high pressure gas.
  • the invention resides in the fact that the inner liner serves as a mold during the injection of the resin and also as a heating or cooling system during the polymerization.
  • the braiding is performed by combining bi-axial or tri-axial braiding, on the faces of the domes, by folding and deforming the bi-axial braid and sealing the ends of the son by a means such as gluing.
  • This method allows, according to the authors, a good control of the thickness and the contour.
  • This system uses conventional braids and does not allow to have a continuity of the wires on the domes, since their ends are glued, nor closure based on wires.
  • the document WO-A-89/05724 describes the production of a bottle of composite material, of moderate price, for the storage of high pressure gas.
  • the ends of the bottles comprise two end pieces interconnected by a central rod, one of which serves to introduce or withdraw the gas.
  • the body of the bottle consists of coaxial braids with a resin matrix.
  • the tips may be frustoconical or hemispherical, metal or plastic. This document does not describe the braiding technique, it seems that the braids used are standard type. This invention also does not make it possible to produce closed braids since the ends consist of inserts at the ends.
  • the document EP-A-0 487 374 has a pressurized gas storage tank consisting of Filament Winding Wires and / or a braid.
  • the tank is cylindrical with bottoms.
  • tubular fibrous architecture having a tubular portion closed at at least one of its ends or bottom, wherein: the tubular portion consists of an architecture of which each wick is continuously derived from the bottom. Each wick from the bottom is found continuously, at each of its ends, in the tubular part. The locks of the tubular part intersect in a braiding mode.
  • the shapes that can be obtained with braiding are solid forms (cables, strands), flat braids and tubular shapes, of varied and variable sections on the same part (for example air ducts for airplanes).
  • For tubular braids there is a technical limitation that does not allow, at the ends of the braids, either to close them or to achieve a reduction of important section.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome this limitation, by allowing continuity of the fibrous architecture, keeping the same reinforcing wires between the closed part, or bottom, and the body, or tubular part, of the part .
  • the subject of the invention is both a new type of tubular (or hollow) fibrous architecture closed at least at one end, and also its method or method of manufacture.
  • the pairs of coils are arranged, in step a), so that the primary structure obtained is radiating.
  • the pairs of coils are arranged, in step a), so that the primary structure obtained is of the bi-axial type.
  • the pairs of coils are arranged, in step a) on the spindles and in the creel of the craft, so that the obtained Primary Structure is of the triaxial type.
  • the son of the coils, in step d), can be supported, positioned and maintained, so as to obtain a biaxial tubular architecture. They can also be supported, positioned and maintained, so as to obtain a triaxial tubular architecture.
  • the job of step d) can be the job of step b).
  • the Primary Structure can be made according to a technique chosen from weaving, braiding, topping and placement of threads. It can be a multi-layered, multidimensional or multi-directional texture, whose resulting threads are used to make the tubular part which is then multilayered.
  • the tubular portion of the fibrous architecture can be made on the support, according to a technique chosen from weaving, braiding, topping and son placement. It can also be performed on the support, in multilayer, multidimensional or multidirectional texture modes.
  • step d) can be chosen from a loom, a braiding machine, a loom and a loom son placement.
  • the method may comprise an additional step g) during which the tubular portion of the fibrous architecture is extended on one end of the support to form a second bottom of the fibrous architecture.
  • the additional step g) can be carried out until a second bottom closed by braiding, weaving, topping or wire placement.
  • step c) the making of the Primary Structure is carried out by incorporating into the Primary Structure at least one insert or at least one endpiece.
  • the tubular portion of the fibrous architecture is produced by incorporating into the tubular portion at least one insert or at least one endpiece.
  • the bottom may consist of a structure obtained by layering web, bidirectional fabric, three-way fabric, multilayer fabric or multidirectional.
  • the tubular portion may be constituted by superposition of web, tridirectional fabric, multilayer or multidirectional fabric.
  • At least one insert or tip is incorporated in at least one bottom.
  • At least one insert or tip is incorporated in the tubular portion.
  • the yarns may consist of organic, metallic, mineral or ceramic fibers.
  • the invention also relates to a composite material consisting of the fibrous architecture described above, embedded in an organic matrix, metal or mineral.
  • the figure 5 illustrates a primary structure 30 with for each wire 31 the component, the ends wound on two coils 32.
  • the primary structure 30 is a bottom for the tubular structure to obtain.
  • the primary structure 30 constituting the bottom of the tubular structure is disposed on one end of a tubular braiding mandrel 34 mounted on a braiding plate 35.
  • the braiding is continued so as to coat the mandrel 34.
  • figure 6 which is a schematic diagram of the realization of the braiding of the tubular structure to obtain, from Sons derived from the Primary Structure constituting the bottom.
  • the design of the primary structure requires that the portion made has the number of son (or pair of coils) corresponding to that desired for the tubular shape (determinable from the characteristics of the part that one wants to achieve). This can be seen in the article by Munro et al. cited above.
  • first pairs of coils are made with a single wire (for each pair).
  • the reels thus produced are placed on the spindles of the braiding machine with intersecting threads or without intersecting in the case of a single topping, to achieve the primary structure.
  • This last case is illustrated by the figure 7 which shows a first group of parallel wires 41 whose ends of each wire are wound on coils 42, a second group of parallel wires 43 and a third group of parallel wires 44, the groups of wires being arranged on one another without intersection.
  • the mandrel is then positioned on the machine and one of its ends is covered with the bottom of the tubular structure thus obtained. Then, the braiding can continue in a conventional way.
  • the primary structure is first made with wires each of which is wound at each of its ends to a coil.
  • the primary constitutive structure of the bottom can also be made directly on the form or liner to be coated, especially if the shape is moving away from a flat shape and is strongly curved (hemispherical for example).
  • the primary structure can be realized by different techniques.
  • the following three techniques can be cited.
  • the wires are simply placed in three different directions (see figure 7 ). This technique provides very good conformability and is simple to implement.
  • the wires are placed in triaxial interlacing.
  • the figure 8 illustrates this provision. There is shown a first group of parallel wires 51 arranged in a first direction and whose ends of each wire are wound on coils 52, a second group of parallel wires 53 arranged in a second direction and a third group of parallel wires 54 disposed in a third direction.
  • This technique allows to keep a homogeneity of the structure.
  • a third technique consists of a classic weaving as illustrated on the figure 9 .
  • Braiding made for the tubular part can be 2D (biaxial or triaxial) or 3D.
  • the primary structure comprises three groups of wires arranged in different directions: a first group of parallel wires 71, a second group of parallel wires 73 and a third group of parallel wires 74.
  • First (first step) is carried out the primary structure of the bottom or closure (first layer).
  • twelve Tyranno SA3 1600 filament fiber coils (diameters 7 ⁇ m) are unwound and rewound on twelve other coils in order to have twelve pairs of coils with a length of yarn between the two coils of about 1 m.
  • a triaxial structure is realized with twelve pairs of coils distributed in a balanced way (according to the orientations 0 °, + 120 °, -120 °).
  • the rest of the braid (first layer) is then made (second step).
  • the bottom and coils are brought on the braider.
  • the coils are set up on the spindles, each coil connected to another being placed respecting the initial geometry of the triaxial structure (see figure 8 ), and the bottom is placed on the bottom of a graphite mandrel of 7.0 mm in outer diameter and 12 cm in height, hemispherical bottom.
  • the braiding is done with a bi-axial braiding of 45 ° along the length of the liner, then the threads are cut.
  • a second primary structure taking the first step, is performed and is placed, as described in the second step, on the manufactured braid.
  • the braiding is done in the same way as in the second step.
  • the other two other layers are made in the same way.
  • the fourth step is to densify the braids with silicon carbide.
  • the Braids are densified in a relatively conventional manner.
  • the graphite mandrel is then removed.
  • the density of the SiC / SiC composite obtained is 2.5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (24)

  1. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines röhrenförmigen Fasergebildes, wobei das Verfahren die nachfolgenden Schritte umfasst:
    a) Bilden von Spulenpaaren (32, 42, 52, 62, 72) aus Garne, Strängen, Bändern oder Garnbündeln, nachfolgend allgemein mit Garn bezeichnet, wobei jedes Spulenpaar durch Aufspulen eines ersten Teils eines Garns (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) ausgehend von einem ersten Endabschnitt des Garns (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) auf eine erste Spule (32, 42, 52, 62, 72) des Spulenpaares und durch Aufspulen eines zweiten Teils des Garns (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) ausgehend von dem zweiten Endabschnitt des Garns (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) auf die zweite Spule (32, 42, 52, 62, 72) des Spulenpaares gebildet wird,
    b) Anordnen der Spulenpaare (32, 42, 52, 62, 72) an den Spindeln einer Textilmaschine, indem sie in Abhängigkeit von einer gewünschten Primärstruktur (30) angeordnet werden,
    c) Anfertigen der Primärstruktur (30) an der Textilmaschine von Schritt b), wobei diese Primärstruktur (30) dem Boden des Fasergebildes entspricht,
    d) Platzieren eines Trägers (34) an der Textilmaschine, der einem röhrenförmigen Teil des Fasergebildes entspricht, um die Garne (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) bei deren im nachfolgenden Schritt erfolgenden Kreuzlegen zu tragen, zu positionieren und zu halten,
    e) Ausbilden des röhrenförmigen Teils des Fasergebildes auf dem Träger (34) mit Hilfe der Garne (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) und der Textilmaschine aus Schritt d),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das röhrenförmige Fasergebilde an einem seiner Endabschnitte vollständig oder teilweise geschlossen ist, so dass die Verbindung zwischen dem Boden und dem restlichen röhrenförmigen Teil eine Kontinuität sämtlicher Garne (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) und einen Übergang mit kontinuierlicher Geometrie zwischen dem Gebilde des Bodens und dem des restlichen röhrenförmigen Abschnitts aufweist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Spulenpaare (32, 42, 52, 62, 72) in Schritt a) so angeordnet werden, dass die erhaltene Primärstruktur (30) strahlenartig ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Spulenpaare (32, 42, 52, 62, 72) in Schritt a) so angeordnet werden, dass die erhaltene Primärstruktur (30) biaxial ausgeführt ist.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Spulenpaare (32, 42, 52, 62, 72) in Schritt a) an den Spindeln und im Spulengatter der Textilmaschine so angeordnet werden, dass die erhaltene Primärstruktur (30) triaxial ausgeführt ist.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Garne (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) der Spulen (32, 42, 52, 62, 72) in Schritt d) so getragen, positioniert und gehalten werden, dass ein biaxiales, röhrenförmiges Gebilde erhalten wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Garne (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) der Spulen (32, 42, 52, 62, 72) in Schritt d) so getragen, positioniert und gehalten werden, dass ein triaxiales, röhrenförmiges Gebilde erhalten wird.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Textilmaschine aus Schritt d) die Textilmaschine aus Schritt b) ist.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Primärstruktur (30) mit einer Technik ausgewählt aus Weben, Flechten, Wickeln und Legen von Garnen (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) ausgebildet wird.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 und 8, wobei die Primärstruktur (30) ein mehrschichtiges, mehrdimensionales bzw. multidirektionales Gefüge ist, dessen daraus entstandene Garne (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) dazu dienen, den röhrenförmigen Teil auszubilden, der dann mehrschichtig ausgeführt ist.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei der röhrenförmige Teil des Fasergebildes auf dem Träger (34) nach einer Technik ausgewählt aus Weben, Flechten, Wickeln und Legen von Garnen (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) ausgebildet wird.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei der röhrenförmige Teil des Fasergebildes auf dem Träger (34) nach Art von mehrschichtigen, mehrdimensionalen bzw. multidirektionalen Gefügen ausgebildet ist.
  12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die Textilmaschine aus Schritt d) ausgewählt ist aus einer Webmaschine, Flechtmaschine, einer Wickelmaschine und einer Garnlegemaschine.
  13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, umfassend einen zusätzlichen Schritt g), im Laufe dessen der röhrenförmige Teil des Fasergebildes an einem Ende des Trägers (34) verlängert wird, um einen zweiten Boden des Fasergebildes zu bilden.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, wobei der zusätzliche Schritt g) durchgeführt wird, bis ein zweiter, geschlossener Boden durch Flechten, Weben, Wickeln oder Legen von Garnen (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) erhalten wird.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei in Schritt c) die Fertigung der Primärstruktur (30) dadurch erfolgt, dass in die Primärstruktur (30) zumindest eine Einlage (70) oder zumindest ein Ansatzstück eingegliedert wird.
  16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, wobei in Schritt e) das Ausbilden des röhrenförmigen Teils des Fasergebildes durch Eingliedern von zumindest einer Einlage bzw. eines Ansatzstücks in den röhrenförmigen Teil erfolgt.
  17. Röhrenförmiges Fasergebilde, enthaltend ein röhrenförmiges Teil, das an zumindest einem seiner Endabschnitte bzw. am Boden vollständig oder teilweise verschlossen ist, wobei:
    - das röhrenförmige Teil aus einem Gebilde besteht, bei dem jedes Garn, jeder Strang, jedes Band oder Garnbündel, nachfolgend allgemein mit Garn (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) bezeichnet, in kontinuierlicher Weise aus dem Boden hervorgeht,
    - wobei jedes aus dem Boden hervorgehende Garn (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) in kontinuierlicher Weise mit jedem seiner Enden in dem röhrenförmigen Teil vorliegt,
    - wobei die Garne (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) des röhrenförmigen Teils ineinandergreifen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - die Verbindung zwischen dem Boden und dem restlichen röhrenförmigen Teil eine Kontinuität sämtlicher Garne (31) und einen Übergang mit kontinuierlicher Geometrie zwischen dem Gebilde des Bodens und dem des restlichen röhrenförmigen Teils aufweist.
  18. Gebilde nach Anspruch 17, wobei der Boden aus einer Struktur besteht, die durch Übereinanderlagerung von Gelege, zweidimensionalem Gewebe, dreidimensionalem Gewebe, mehrschichtigem oder multidirektionalem Gewebe besteht.
  19. Gebilde nach Anspruch 17, wobei der röhrenförmige Teil durch Übereinanderlagerung von Gelege, dreidimensionalem Gewebe, mehrschichtigem oder multidirektionalem Gewebe besteht.
  20. Gebilde nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 19, wobei zumindest eine Einlage (70) bzw. ein Ansatzstück in zumindest einem Boden eingegliedert ist.
  21. Gebilde nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 20, wobei zumindest eine Einlage bzw. ein Ansatzstück in den röhrenförmigen Teil eingegliedert ist.
  22. Gebilde nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 21, wobei die Garne (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) aus organischen, metallischen, mineralischen oder keramischen Fasern bestehen.
  23. Gebilde nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 22, wobei die Garne (31, 41, 43, 44, 51, 53, 54, 61, 63, 71, 73, 74) des röhrenförmigen Teils gemäß einer Flecht- oder Webform ineinandergreifen.
  24. Verbundmaterial, bestehend aus dem Fasergebilde nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 23, das in einer organischen, metallischen oder mineralischen Matrix eingebettet ist.
EP10787052.9A 2009-11-18 2010-11-18 Geschlossenes rohrförmiges fadengebilde und herstellungsverfahren Active EP2501848B1 (de)

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FR0958155A FR2952653B1 (fr) 2009-11-18 2009-11-18 Architecture fibreuse tubulaire fermee et procede de fabrication
PCT/EP2010/067736 WO2011061249A1 (fr) 2009-11-18 2010-11-18 Architecture fibreuse tubulaire fermee et procede de fabrication

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US8770081B2 (en) 2014-07-08
WO2011061249A1 (fr) 2011-05-26
JP2013511625A (ja) 2013-04-04
FR2952653A1 (fr) 2011-05-20
EP2501848A1 (de) 2012-09-26
FR2952653B1 (fr) 2011-12-09
ES2668221T3 (es) 2018-05-17
US20120273085A1 (en) 2012-11-01

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