Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
  • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
  • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
  • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
  • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
  • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
  • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
  • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
  • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
  • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
  • F25J3/04236—Integration of different exchangers in a single core, so-called integrated cores
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
  • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
  • F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
  • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
  • F25J2205/34—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes as evaporative cooling tower to produce chilled water, e.g. evaporative water chiller [EWC]
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
  • F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
  • F25J2230/06—Adiabatic compressor, i.e. without interstage cooling
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
  • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
  • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for compressing and cooling air by indirect heat exchange.
• Gaseous products from the cold box preferably all the gaseous products, will be used to cool the moist air in an exchanger.
• Part of the condensed water during the cooling of the air in the proposed system, as well as that resulting from the compression of the gas, will be injected into gases from the cold box.
• This system eliminates the need for a dryer or a refrigeration unit, associated refrigerant issues, possibly a water / nitrogen tower.
• the exchanger can be integrated in the main exchange line where the air cools to a cryogenic temperature upstream of the distillation.
• a method of compressing and cooling air upstream of a cryogenic air separation installation in which: o Compresses moist air in a compressor where compressed air is cooled in the compressor in a first heat exchanger by indirect heat exchange
• o water contained in the air is recovered upstream and / or downstream of the cooling in the first exchanger, without having cooled the air upstream of the first exchanger by a cooling step by direct heat exchange
• Cooled air is sent into the first exchanger in a purification unit to produce carbon dioxide and / or water purified air where purified air is sent to the cryogenic separation facility where recovering at least one optionally heated gas from the cryogenic separation plant
• step iii) the water recovered in step iii) is mixed with the gas coming from the installation, the product mixture being at a temperature above the solidification temperature of the water in the mixture, for example greater than 0 ° C. C if the pressure of the mixture is close to atmospheric pressure,
• step i) is isothermal.
• the water mixed with the gas in the first exchanger is mixed with the gas upstream of the first exchanger and / or at an intermediate point of the first exchanger.
• water contained in the air is recovered downstream of the cooling in the first exchanger and upstream of the purification unit.
• the quantity of water mixed with the gas is such that at the point of entry of the water mixed with the gas of the first exchanger and / or at the intermediate point of the first exchanger where the mixing takes place, the mixture of gas and water is beyond the saturation point in water.
• water containing air is recovered upstream of the first exchanger and the air is cooled in a pre-cooler by indirect heat exchange.
• the gas is mixed only with water produced by condensation of water contained in the air.
• the gas mixed with the water is nitrogen or oxygen, at least one other gas, not mixed with water, is heated in the first exchanger.
• the gas mixed with the water is nitrogen and a flow of oxygen and / or another nitrogen flow is heated in the first exchanger.
• an air separation method comprising a method of compressing and cooling air according to one of the preceding claims wherein the purified air is cooled in a second exchanger and sent to a column of the cryogenic separation plant, at least one product is withdrawn from the plant and reheated in the second exchanger and then in the first exchanger and at least one product is withdrawn from the plant, reheated, possibly vaporized, in the second exchanger and then, in gaseous form, in the first exchanger.
• an apparatus for compressing and cooling air for a cryogenic separation installation comprising a compressor, a first heat exchanger by indirect heat exchange, a purification unit, one or two separators, the compressor being connected to the first heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger being connected to one of the purification units, the apparatus not comprising means for cooling the air by direct exchange upstream of the first exchanger, purification unit being adapted to send the purified air to the installation, the separator (s) being connected (s)
• At least one first pipe for supplying gas from the installation to the first exchanger, at least one second pipe for bring water from the separator to the first conduit and / or the exchanger to mix water with the gas.
• the apparatus comprises:
• a pipe for sending a heated dry gas into the first exchanger to the purification unit.
• a cryogenic air distillation separation installation comprising an apparatus according to one of claims 1 1 to 14, a system comprising at least one column, a second exchanger, a Conducted to supply a second system exchanger to a column of the system and a line for supplying a distillation product to the second exchanger.
• the invention is described in the case of a nitrogen generator, but can be extrapolated to other types of generators.
• the air 1 is sent to a compressor 3.
• the compressor 3 may be an isothermal compressor, but the example shows an adiabatic compressor.
• the compressed air 5 to 9 bar abs and 320 ° C is cooled in a compressor refrigerant 6 by indirect heat exchange, at 27 ° C, and the condensed water is separated in a first separator 7 which can be integrated into the refrigerant compressor.
• the condensed water 1 1 is sent to a buffer capacity 25.
• the air 9 cools in a first exchanger 13 with indirect heat exchange, for example a plate and wave exchanger, against all the gaseous fluids 37, 39, 41, from the cold box 33.
• the gaseous fluids are reheated in the first exchanger 13 at 21 ° C.
• the condensed water 19 in the second separator 15 is sent to the buffer capacity 25.
• the air thus cooled 17 to 10 ° C. then goes to the overhead purification 45.
• the gas production 37, 43 is sent into the countercurrent exchanger.
• the flow 37 is pure nitrogen gas and the flow 43 is vaporized rich liquid from the top condenser of a single column 47 of nitrogen production, shown schematically. He will be It will be readily understood that in the case of application to a double column, the flow rate 37 could be gaseous oxygen or nitrogen gas and the flow rate 43 would be more or less pure nitrogen gas.
• the waste fluid 43 at 10 ° C. and at atmospheric pressure (at the pressure drop near the equipment downstream) is split into two parts 39, 41: a part 41 which remains dry which serves to regenerate the purification 45 after reheating in the heater 42, another portion 39 which will be moistened and cooled by injecting water 29, 31 from the condensate. All the water contained in the gas 39 comes from the condensation of water in the air, either upstream or downstream of the first exchanger (13).
• the injection of water can be done either completely before the exchanger (flow 29), or in the front part (flow 29) until saturation of the gas, then along the exchanger (flow 31), with possibly several injection points.
• the injection may possibly be done using a pump 23, or directly using the condensate under pressure.
• the buffer capacity 25 may be optional.
• the separator 7 or the separator 15 can be deleted, for example by being integrated with another equipment.
• the amount of water injected will be limited so as to be at most saturated at the outlet of exchanger 13, to avoid sending droplets of water into the atmosphere. This quantity can be evaluated by calculation according to the operating parameters of the exchanger.
• the temperature of the air 17 chosen at the outlet of the exchanger 13 before the purification will be such that the saturated (or over-saturated) water temperature at the inlet of the exchanger fluid remains positive, to avoid the risk of ice formation and therefore clogging.
• the water used will come from the ambient air (moisture) recovered in the condensates 1 1, 19. There will be no need for special treatment of these condensates. There will be no permanent water replenishment from outside the system, only if necessary during very dry periods. We could also consider storing rainwater, which would simply be filtered before injection into the system, during very dry periods.
• the first air-cooling exchanger 13 can be integrated with the main exchange line 35 (second exchanger) of the cold box where the purified air 17 from the purification 45 is cooled upstream of the distillation columns and where the residual nitrogen 43 is heated up.
• the compressed air will then be withdrawn at an intermediate level of the integrated heat exchanger (13 and 35), then sent to the purification before returning to the exchange line, and the water will be injected into the fluid to be saturated along the upper part of the exchanger.
• the introduction of the liquid can be done according to conventional liquid injection techniques in a gas in a plate heat exchanger, typically used for example for two-phase introductions.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

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• 2010
  • 2010-11-22 CN CN201080052934.XA patent/CN103109145B/zh active Active
  • 2010-11-22 WO PCT/FR2010/052481 patent/WO2011061459A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2010-11-22 JP JP2012539394A patent/JP2013525718A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-11-22 US US13/511,423 patent/US20120279255A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-11-22 EP EP10799091.3A patent/EP2504647B1/de active Active

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