EP2515036A2 - Chaudière - Google Patents

Chaudière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2515036A2
EP2515036A2 EP12164206A EP12164206A EP2515036A2 EP 2515036 A2 EP2515036 A2 EP 2515036A2 EP 12164206 A EP12164206 A EP 12164206A EP 12164206 A EP12164206 A EP 12164206A EP 2515036 A2 EP2515036 A2 EP 2515036A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion gases
vortex chamber
outlet
combustion
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12164206A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2515036A3 (fr
Inventor
Joerg Jockel
Frank Weber
Carsten Rein
Michael Schwenk
Tino Scherr
Damian Both
Markus Lischke
Paulo Jorge Ferreira Goncalves
Marcel Georg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2515036A2 publication Critical patent/EP2515036A2/fr
Publication of EP2515036A3 publication Critical patent/EP2515036A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B10/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers
    • F23B10/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers including separate secondary combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
    • F23B5/04—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in separate combustion chamber; on separate grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B60/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving
    • F23B60/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving with combustion air supplied through a grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F23B80/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel by means for guiding the flow of flue gases, e.g. baffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F24B5/021—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves combustion-air circulation
    • F24B5/025—Supply of secondary air for completing combustion of fuel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a boiler for burning solid fuels, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Generic boilers essentially consist of a heating medium leading boiler body made of cast iron boiler elements or welded steel sheets. This includes a filling space for fuel with an upper or lateral filling opening and a combustion grate with an ash box arranged therebelow. In this case, a pyrolytic combustion takes place above the combustion grate and thus at the bottom of the fuel quantity in the filling space. Fuel thus continuously slips by the weight from above. In the filling room, the primary air supply takes place.
  • Solid fuel boilers for firewood or pellet boilers are known for burning solid fuels.
  • the door serves only as a front or top closure and access, and in the second case it receives a corresponding pellet burner.
  • Special solid fuel boilers with firing grates and in each case at least one ash box located underneath are widespread.
  • Substantially influence on the combustion have the exhaust gas and / or combustion air blowers usually used to supply the combustion with primary air in the area of the pyrolysis zone in the filling space and secondary air in the area of a post-combustion zone.
  • a central heating boiler for large-volume firewood is known in which secondary air is supplied from below before a vortex chamber.
  • the combustion gases flow through a transfer channel from the filling space tangentially into the vortex chamber, wherein the secondary air enters from a side channel in the transfer channel.
  • a vortex chamber is so far very large volume dimensioned because it serves as a secondary combustion chamber to completely oxidize the combustion gas. This requires a sufficient distance within the vortex chamber. At the end of a good temperature uniformity and mixing should be achieved.
  • DE 296 05 801 U1 shows a boiler with two vortex chambers in the form of flowed through from bottom to top, vertical, cylindrical combustion shafts.
  • a plurality of openings for the entry of secondary air are arranged, and above the floor area, the volatile combustion products flow tangentially from the adjacent hopper into the swirl chamber.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to optimize the quality of combustion of boilers and furnaces for the combustion of solid fuels.
  • a boiler according to the invention is characterized in that combustion gases and / or secondary air enter the vortex chamber in the vicinity of an end face in the radial direction from the outside, and in that the vortex chamber has a cross-sectional reduction at the opposite end face in the region of the outlet for the combustion gases.
  • the cross-sectional reduction is designed symmetrically to the axis of the swirl chamber, wherein the swirl chamber and the outlet for the combustion gases preferably have a cylindrical cross-section.
  • the effectiveness of the measures according to the invention is also given in other, for example, rectangular geometries.
  • the diameter of the orifice for the combustion gases is at least 30% smaller than the inner diameter of the vortex chamber.
  • the cross-sectional reduction in the region of the outlet for the combustion gases consists of an inwardly projecting collar formed on the vortex chamber.
  • the cross-sectional reduction in the region of the outlet for the combustion gases may consist of a diaphragm fixed to the vortex chamber, which has a core hole.
  • the aperture in the region of the outlet for the combustion gases may be designed to be adjustable and / or have a plurality of radial guide vanes for swirl generation, in particular in order to influence the downstream combustion gas flow.
  • diaphragms can be very well adapted or exchanged as separate parts depending on the performance, so that different firing capacities can be realized with a vortex chamber basic body.
  • the invention optimizes the quality of combustion of boilers and solid fuel burning furnaces, as it ensures lower emission levels, especially with regard to unburned hydrocarbons and CO in burning firewood.
  • This is achieved essentially by the fact that the combustion gases enter tangentially into the vortex chamber and thereby come into rotation. This is reinforced with the principle according to the invention of the so-called fluid-dynamic stirring within the vortex chamber. Particularly conducive to this effect is the flow constriction according to the invention in the outlet area, which controls the rotation of the Combustion gases amplified. This results in better, more uniform mixing of the combustion gases. Thus, the oxidation is more effective and the combustion is lower emissions.
  • the same mixing effect is achieved with approximately half of the available installation space in comparison with vortex chamber concepts from the prior art.
  • For the functionally important homogeneous mixing of the gaseous media therefore, according to the invention, for example, only half of the flow path within the vortex chamber is sufficient. And this with the same or longer residence time of the combustion gases in the vortex chamber.
  • the boiler consists essentially of a heating medium-carrying boiler body 1, a filling chamber 2 for fuel with an upper filling opening 3, a combustion grate 4 with an ash pan 5 arranged below, a combustion gas outlet opening 6 in a downstream vortex chamber 7 and a subsequent, not shown heat exchanger for the heating gas.
  • the vortex chamber 7 consists of a cylindrical space into which combustion gases and / or secondary air enter radially from the outside on one end face. At the opposite end face, the swirl chamber 7 has a cross-sectional reduction in the region of the outlet 8 for the combustion gases, which is designed symmetrically to the axis of the swirl chamber 7 and have a cylindrical cross-section.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
EP12164206.0A 2011-04-19 2012-04-16 Chaudière Withdrawn EP2515036A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011017475A DE102011017475A1 (de) 2011-04-19 2011-04-19 Heizkessel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2515036A2 true EP2515036A2 (fr) 2012-10-24
EP2515036A3 EP2515036A3 (fr) 2017-10-25

Family

ID=45999670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12164206.0A Withdrawn EP2515036A3 (fr) 2011-04-19 2012-04-16 Chaudière

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2515036A3 (fr)
DE (2) DE102011017475A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104930517A (zh) * 2015-06-30 2015-09-23 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种垃圾热解旋流燃烧装置
ES2791575A1 (es) * 2020-06-22 2020-11-04 Posada Gonzalez Manuel Enrique Nuevo quemador de sólidos, de carga y alimentación superior, cámara de combustión y llamas horizontales sin humos, con alto rendimiento

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013102361B4 (de) * 2013-03-08 2015-01-22 Ulrich Brunner GmbH Ofen mit einem Brennraum und einer Brennkammer

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19510263A1 (de) 1994-03-25 1995-09-28 Tiba Ag Zentralheizungskessel für großvolumiges Stückholz als Brennstoff
DE29605801U1 (de) 1996-03-28 1996-06-27 Georg Fischer GmbH & Co, 89312 Günzburg Heizkessel

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1081174B (de) * 1956-05-17 1960-05-05 Olof Axel Ohlsson Feuerung fuer einen als Heizrohr-Stehkessel ausgebildeten Flammrohr-Rauchrohrkessel
GB2089026B (en) * 1980-12-05 1984-03-21 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Solid fuel combustion appliances
US4638636A (en) * 1984-06-28 1987-01-27 General Electric Company Fuel nozzle
DE19729506C2 (de) * 1997-07-10 1999-08-05 Rolf Schnekenburger Heizkessel zur Feuerung von festen Brennstoffen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19510263A1 (de) 1994-03-25 1995-09-28 Tiba Ag Zentralheizungskessel für großvolumiges Stückholz als Brennstoff
DE29605801U1 (de) 1996-03-28 1996-06-27 Georg Fischer GmbH & Co, 89312 Günzburg Heizkessel

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104930517A (zh) * 2015-06-30 2015-09-23 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种垃圾热解旋流燃烧装置
ES2791575A1 (es) * 2020-06-22 2020-11-04 Posada Gonzalez Manuel Enrique Nuevo quemador de sólidos, de carga y alimentación superior, cámara de combustión y llamas horizontales sin humos, con alto rendimiento

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202011110125U1 (de) 2012-12-06
DE102011017475A1 (de) 2012-10-25
EP2515036A3 (fr) 2017-10-25

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