EP2515061A1 - Condensateur à plaques doté d'un piège à condensat - Google Patents

Condensateur à plaques doté d'un piège à condensat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2515061A1
EP2515061A1 EP11003328A EP11003328A EP2515061A1 EP 2515061 A1 EP2515061 A1 EP 2515061A1 EP 11003328 A EP11003328 A EP 11003328A EP 11003328 A EP11003328 A EP 11003328A EP 2515061 A1 EP2515061 A1 EP 2515061A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
cooling plate
condenser device
outlet
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11003328A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Charlie Penny
Adrian Ware
Laurent Amann
Steven Fairhurst
Christopher Aylward
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Senior UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Senior UK Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Senior UK Ltd filed Critical Senior UK Ltd
Priority to EP11003328A priority Critical patent/EP2515061A1/fr
Publication of EP2515061A1 publication Critical patent/EP2515061A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/08—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/02—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for feeding steam or vapour to condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0038—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for drying or dehumidifying gases or vapours

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a condenser unit.
  • Micro-combined heat and power (mCHP) systems are a developing technology for providing domestic electrical power and heat.
  • Micro CHP boilers achieve high efficiency by using heat from combustion which would otherwise be wasted.
  • Micro CHP systems offer energy usage efficiency compared to conventional delivery of electrical power over a terrestrial grid system from a set of large scale power stations.
  • Micro CHP generators produce thermal power from a hot or warm inlet fluid which may consist of a gas, for example air or a combustion exhaust gas, water vapor and water droplets or mist.
  • a hot or warm inlet fluid which may consist of a gas, for example air or a combustion exhaust gas, water vapor and water droplets or mist.
  • a non-condensing micro-CHP system is one in which condensation is not expected by design within the micro-CHP.
  • a condensing micro-CHP means one which is designed to make use of the latent heat in the combustion products by condensing water vapor within the appliance.
  • a condensing micro-CHP must allow the condensate to leave the heat exchanger in liquid form by way of a condensate drain.
  • a condenser device for a micro combined heat and power device comprises a plurality of substantial "U" shaped cooling plate, having their gas inlet and outlets arranged at a same end of the condenser device.
  • the plates are angled such that liquid condensing from the gas flow drains to the outlets/inlets that one end of the device.
  • the outlets and inlets open out into a plurality of chambers which serve to pass gas between the outlet of one cooling plate to the gas inlet of another successive cooling plate. Liquid draining into the chambers drains through a plurality of drain outlets into a sump, and is removed from the sump via a condensate outlet.
  • a condenser device comprising:
  • a condenser plate assembly comprising:
  • a condenser device of a micro combined heat and power device characterised by comprising:
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated schematically a micro combined heat and power generation system suitable for domestic use, utilising a Stirling engine.
  • the micro CHP boiler 1 comprises a conventional gas boiler burner 2 connected to a mains gas supply; a hermetically sealed Stirling Engine 3 filled with helium; and a heat exchanger 4 which recovers heat from the exhaust gasses from the boiler to heat domestic hot water.
  • the micro CHP boiler works by burning gas in the boiler to heat helium, which is used to drive the Stirling engine.
  • Helium in the hermetically sealed Stirling engine expands and presses down the piston.
  • Cold water flowing around the boiler absorbs the heat, the gas contracts and the piston rises.
  • the heated water flows out of the boiler and into a hot water cylinder.
  • Cold water flows into the engine and the process repeats with the Stirling engine operating at a frequency of up to 50Hz.
  • the piston of the Stirling engine has a magnet attached to it. As the magnetic field passes through a coil at the bottom of the engine, it generates up to one kW of electricity. Residual heat expelled in the exhaust gasses is captured by the heat exchanger and reused for generating domestic hot water.
  • FIG. 2 there is illustrated schematically in external view, a condenser device suitable for use in a micro combined heat and power application.
  • the condenser device comprises a cooling plate assembly and an outer canister 200.
  • the cooling plate assembly comprises a plurality of substantially "U" shaped cooling plates stacked side by side, and connected together at their ends by a connecting plate or bulk head; a plurality of gas or vapor inlets, 201-203; a plurality of gas/vapor outlets 204-206; a gas/vapor inlet conduit 207; a gas/vapor outlet conduit 208; a condensate outlet 209; and a drainage plate 210 which fits adjacent to the bulk head, and which provides a plurality of channels for draining liquid from the vapor as it passes between inlets and outlets of the individual cooling plates.
  • the outer canister 200 encases the plurality of cooling plates.
  • the inlet conduit 207 feeds gas/ vapor into a gas inlet of a first said cooling plate.
  • the outlet conduit 208 is connected via an outlet chamber to a said outlet of a final cooling plate.
  • the cooling plates are connected such that they form a continuous gas circuit through the condenser device, with gas entering through the gas inlet conduit 207, into a first gas chamber which leads to a gas inlet of a first cooling plate.
  • An outlet of the first cooling plate leads to a second gas chamber, connected to the inlet of a second gas cooling plate, so that gas transfers through the first cooling plate, via the second gas chamber, and into the second cooling plate.
  • the outlet of the second cooling plate leads to the gas outlet conduit 208 via a final gas chamber.
  • the outlet of the second gas cooling plate leads via a third chamber to the inlet of a third cooling plate.
  • the outlet of one cooling plate leads via a gas chamber to the inlet of the next cooling plate, until an outlet of the final cooling plate in the series leads to a final output chamber which leads to the gas outlet conduit 208.
  • the plurality of cooling plates have their gas passages angled with respect to the horizontal, such that the inlets and outlets of the cooling plates all lie at a position below the gas passages in the cooling plates. This allows any liquid condensing in the passages to drain downwardly towards the inlets or outlets, and into the chambers.
  • Each of the chambers is provided with its own corresponding respective drain, which leads to a sump near the lowest portion of the condenser. The sump is drained by the liquid condensate outlet 209.
  • the gas passes through the condenser device sequentially through each of the cooling plates.
  • the gas encounters a chamber at the ends of the cooling plates, there is opportunity for any liquid condensed in the gas flow to drain away from the gas flow, leaving the dehumidified gas flow to pass through the next cooling plate. Because the liquid is removed from the gas flow at periodic points along the length of the gas circuit, this reduces the opportunity for reabsorption of water or moisture into the gas flow, and improves the efficiency of the condenser device.
  • the outer casing 200 encapsulates the plurality of cooling plates of the cooling plate assembly, and abuts the bulk head 300 which connects the cooling plates together.
  • the cooling plates are rigidly connected to the bulk head, by soldering or brazing.
  • the gas transit chambers at the ends of the cooling plates are formed by a separate plate, which lies parallel to and abuts the bulk head, and in use a circumference around the bulk head and separate plate is sealed to avoid leakage of gas or liquid between the bulkhead and the chamber / drainage plate.
  • the condenser unit is positioned at an angle to the horizontal as shown in Figure 3 , so that condensed liquid may drain from the cooling plates, and collect at the bulk head 300, from which it can be removed via the condensate outlet 209.
  • the device may be tilted, such that a main plane of the cooling plate rests at an angle ⁇ between 2.5° and 45° to the horizontal.
  • the cooling plate assembly comprises a plurality of cooling plates 400-405 arranged side by side and connected together at their ends by bulk head plate 300.
  • the ends of the cooling plates may be welded or brazed to the bulk head plate.
  • the plurality of cooling plates are arranged inside the outer canister such that coolant fluid may percolate between the gas cooling plates, cooling their outer surfaces and drawing heat out of the gas flowing through the cooling plates.
  • the cooling plates are held within the canister, so that the edges of the cooling plates do not touch the sides of the canister, thereby allowing the plates to expand or contract in longitudinal, lateral and vertical directions within the canister without causing stresses or strains to the end of the cooling plate assembly where the cooling plates are connected.
  • the condenser is illustrated schematically in partial view from one end.
  • Shown in Figure 5 is a gas flow between cooling plates at the end of the condenser.
  • the gas circuit through the condenser is as follows. Humid heated gas is fed into the condenser via gas/vapor inlet conduit 207 and enters a first gas chamber 500.
  • three cooling plates are connected in a single gas flow circuit interspersed by a plurality of transit chambers.
  • a gas or vapor stream is fed into a first inlet 501 of a first cooling plate, traverses around the one or plurality of gas conduits of the cooling plate and exits the first cooling plate via a first outlet 502 at a same end of the cooling plate as the first inlet.
  • Gas or vapor exhausted from the first outlet passes into a second transit chamber 503 at the end of the condenser, formed by the drainage plate 301, and is passed into an inlet 504 of a second cooling plate.
  • the gas or vapor passes through the gas conduits in the second cooling plate and is exhausted via an outlet 505 of the second cooling plate into a third transit chamber 506.
  • Gas is vented from the third chamber into an inlet 507 of a third cooling plate.
  • the vapor passes along the gas conduits of the third cooling plate, to exit the third cooling plate at a cooling plate outlet 508 which is on the first side of the condenser, and into a fourth gas chamber 509 formed by the chamber plate 301.
  • gas enters the first chamber and into a first cooling plate and traverses the first cooling plate in an anti-clockwise direction when viewed from above to exit the first cooling plate into a second chamber.
  • the gas enters an inlet of the second cooling plate on an opposite side of the condenser, traverses the second cooling plate in a clockwise direction, to exit the second cooling plate outlet 505 into a third chamber 506.
  • the gas or vapor enters the inlet 507 of a third cooling plate, traverses through the gas conduits of the third cooling plate in an anti-clockwise direction, and exits an outlet 508 of the third cooling plate into a fourth chamber 509. From the fourth chamber, the gas, which is now much less humid, outlets the condenser via the gas outlet conduit 208.
  • the chamber and drain forming plate 301 which is used at the ends of the cooling plates to provide the plurality of transit chambers, their drainage channels, and a sump.
  • the chamber forming plate 301 is formed out of a single piece of sheet or plate metal and comprises a first aperture 600 for forming a first chamber; a second aperture 601 for forming a second chamber; a third aperture 602 for forming a third chamber and a fourth aperture 603 for forming a fourth chamber. Additionally, there is provided a slot aperture 605 extending along a lower portion of the plate which forms a sump for collection of water.
  • the sump is accessed from each of the chambers by a separate corresponding respective drain passage way 606-609.
  • Each of the first and second drains to the first and second chambers respectively have a substantially "U" shaped bend in which water collects, thereby forming a gas tight seal.
  • the "U” shaped bends prevent gas from passing from one chamber to another without flowing through the "U” shaped cooling plates.
  • first passage 606 For example taking the first passage 606 from the first chamber 600, there is a curved portion in which water collects, when drained from the first chamber. As water builds up in the first chamber it flows into a first dip 610, and pushes water out of the second end of the first dip down an upright side channel 606 into the sump 605.
  • the second chamber 601 drains into a second drain passage 607 which also has a dipped portion 611. Water drains into the dipped portion, and flows out of the dip over a raised exit portion of the dip and down second upright drainage channel 607 which connects to the sump.
  • the third chamber 602 drains via a third drainage outlet directly into the sump 605, and the fourth chamber 603 drains directly into the sump via a fourth drainage outlet 609.
  • the initial entrance parts of the first and second drainage outlets are each shaped as a "U” or an “S” so as to have a dip or depression, so that water collects in the drainage outlets and thereby forms a gas tight seal, preventing gas feeding forwards to the other chambers.
  • the third and fourth drains are of a truncated "U" shape having a dipped channel, leading directly to the sump 605.
  • FIG. 7 there is illustrated schematically the drainage plate 301 in use, in cut away view, showing condensate liquid which has collected in the first liquid trap 610, the second liquid trap 611, the third drain outlet 612 and the fourth drain outlet 613.
  • the water collected in the "U” or “S” bends in the first drain acts as a non return valve which allows water to drain from the second chamber, but which prevents gas from passing forward from the first or second chambers to a subsequent chamber.
  • liquid has collected in the sump 605, and is available to drain from the condensate outlet conduit at one end of the sump.
  • the liquid traps 610, 611 prevent gas from passing from the first and second chambers to the third and fourth chambers or to the sump.
  • the water in the sump 605 when high enough to reach the roof of the sump and the drains to the third and fourth chambers, acts as a non return valve to prevent gas transfer to the fourth chamber from any other chambers, and between the third chamber and any of the other chambers.
  • the chamber arrangement thereby efficiently drains the gas flow path of liquid at four separate points in the gas flow path; firstly where the humid gas enters the first cooling plate; secondly where the gas leaves the first cooling plate and enters the second cooling plate; thirdly where the gas exits the second cooling plate and enters the third cooling plate, and fourthly as the gas outlets the third cooling plate.
  • the liquid traps in the drains act to prevent gas transfer from chamber to chamber and prevents short circuiting of the gas flow.
  • FIG. 8 there is illustrated schematically in perspective view from one end an embodiment of an individual cooling plate comprising the cooling plate assembly of the condenser device.
  • the cooling plate is formed of two sides of metal, each pressed or hydraulically formed to provide a plurality of gas conduits 800 - 804 each following a "U" shaped path and arranged concentrically, such that each conduit has an inlet on one side of the cooling plate and an outlet on an opposite side of the cooling plate.
  • the conduits may be independently gas tight along their lengths, or in other embodiments there may be provision for leakage of gas between adjacent conduits along the length of the conduits.
  • Each conduit is formed to provide a substantially serpentine or undulating gas path, provided by a plurality of indents and protrusions in the upper and lower plates.
  • the serpentine path of the gas conduits promotes turbulence in the gas flow and more efficient heat transfer from the hot gas to the metal surface of the cooling plates.
  • the protrusions and undulations provide a relatively greater surface area for contact with a liquid coolant which surrounds the plate and therefore a relatively greater heat transfer from the metal of the cooling plate to the coolant liquid flowing within the canister.
  • all of the plurality of gas conduits open out into a single manifold inlet, and similarly at the outlet side on the opposite side of the cooling plate, all of the conduit outlets open out into a single common outlet manifold. Since the cooling plate is substantially symmetrical, the gas may flow through the cooling plate in either direction, and the inlet manifold may be used as the outlet manifold and vice versa, depending upon the position of the cooling plate within the overall condenser device.
  • FIG. 9 there is illustrated schematically the cooling plate of Figure 8 in view from one side.
  • the cooling plate is angled to the horizontal, such that gas flows through the conduits, up towards a rounded tip of the cooling plate, and back on the opposite side of the cooling plate down to the lower end of the cooling plate.
  • liquid which condenses out of the gas will trickle or drain down the gas passages towards the inlet and outlet manifolds, where the liquid can be collected in the transit chambers and flow out of the chambers via the respective drains and into the sump, from where it is removed from the condenser via the condensate outlet conduit 209.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP11003328A 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 Condensateur à plaques doté d'un piège à condensat Withdrawn EP2515061A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11003328A EP2515061A1 (fr) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 Condensateur à plaques doté d'un piège à condensat

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11003328A EP2515061A1 (fr) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 Condensateur à plaques doté d'un piège à condensat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2515061A1 true EP2515061A1 (fr) 2012-10-24

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EP11003328A Withdrawn EP2515061A1 (fr) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 Condensateur à plaques doté d'un piège à condensat

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020202110A1 (fr) * 2019-04-03 2020-10-08 Oxygenium Ltd. Système portable pour la fabrication d'oxygène

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE805049C (de) * 1948-10-06 1951-05-07 Otto Adolphs Wasserabscheider fuer Pressluft
US20030029169A1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-13 Hanna William Thompson Integrated micro combined heat and power system
US20030183374A1 (en) * 2002-04-02 2003-10-02 Voss Mark G. Integrated condenser/separator for fuel cell exhaust gases
WO2006065963A2 (fr) * 2004-12-17 2006-06-22 Api Heat Transfer, Inc. Post-refroidisseur d'air comprime a separateur d'humidite integre
WO2008024066A1 (fr) * 2006-08-23 2008-02-28 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Échangeur de chaleur à plaques et installation d'échangeur de chaleur

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE805049C (de) * 1948-10-06 1951-05-07 Otto Adolphs Wasserabscheider fuer Pressluft
US20030029169A1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-13 Hanna William Thompson Integrated micro combined heat and power system
US20030183374A1 (en) * 2002-04-02 2003-10-02 Voss Mark G. Integrated condenser/separator for fuel cell exhaust gases
WO2006065963A2 (fr) * 2004-12-17 2006-06-22 Api Heat Transfer, Inc. Post-refroidisseur d'air comprime a separateur d'humidite integre
WO2008024066A1 (fr) * 2006-08-23 2008-02-28 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Échangeur de chaleur à plaques et installation d'échangeur de chaleur

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020202110A1 (fr) * 2019-04-03 2020-10-08 Oxygenium Ltd. Système portable pour la fabrication d'oxygène
CN114007677A (zh) * 2019-04-03 2022-02-01 欧希金尼姆有限公司 用于氧气产生的便携式系统
US11383109B2 (en) * 2019-04-03 2022-07-12 Oxygenium Ltd. Portable system for the production of oxygen
US12138494B2 (en) 2019-04-03 2024-11-12 Oxygenium Ltd. Portable system for the production of oxygen
AU2020251514B2 (en) * 2019-04-03 2025-05-22 Oxygenium Ltd. Portable system for the production of oxygen
IL286892B1 (en) * 2019-04-03 2026-03-01 Oxygenium Ltd Portable oxygen production system

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