EP2517839B1 - Machine-outil et procédé de commande - Google Patents

Machine-outil et procédé de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2517839B1
EP2517839B1 EP20120155287 EP12155287A EP2517839B1 EP 2517839 B1 EP2517839 B1 EP 2517839B1 EP 20120155287 EP20120155287 EP 20120155287 EP 12155287 A EP12155287 A EP 12155287A EP 2517839 B1 EP2517839 B1 EP 2517839B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
motor
rotation
tool
machine tool
duration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20120155287
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2517839A3 (fr
EP2517839A2 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Müller
Germar Meiendres
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Publication of EP2517839A2 publication Critical patent/EP2517839A2/fr
Publication of EP2517839A3 publication Critical patent/EP2517839A3/fr
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Publication of EP2517839B1 publication Critical patent/EP2517839B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D11/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism
    • B25D11/125—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism with a fluid cushion between the crank drive and the striking body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D16/00—Portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2216/00—Details of portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
    • B25D2216/0007—Details of percussion or rotation modes
    • B25D2216/0015—Tools having a percussion-only mode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2216/00—Details of portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
    • B25D2216/0007—Details of percussion or rotation modes
    • B25D2216/0023—Tools having a percussion-and-rotation mode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2216/00—Details of portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
    • B25D2216/0007—Details of percussion or rotation modes
    • B25D2216/0038—Tools having a rotation-only mode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/221—Sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a machine tool according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular a portable drilling machine tool similar to a portable drill, a rotary hammer, etc. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a control method according to the preamble of claim 6 for the machine tool, in particular a control method for switching or activating the machine tool.
  • EP 1358969 A2 discloses a machine tool according to the preamble of claim 1 and a control method according to the preamble of claim 6 and a core drill with an overload protection.
  • the overload protection includes a slip clutch. After tripping the overload protection, the motor is completely deactivated.
  • One embodiment proposes to start the engine in reverse at a subsequent switch-on, so that the previously triggered slip clutch can engage.
  • US 6424799 B1 discloses an electric screwdriver which achieves increased torque output by rotary strokes. If a torque load exceeds a threshold value, the motor alternately starts to run forward and backward.
  • the machine tool according to the invention is defined by the features of claim 1 and has a tool holder for receiving a tool, a motor and a drive train, which couples the motor with the tool holder for transmitting a torque.
  • a system button is coupled to a motor controller. Upon actuation of the system button by a user, the motor controller controls the motor so that the motor rotates for a duration in a first direction of rotation and then in a direction opposite to the first direction of rotation. The duration is shorter than 100 ms.
  • the inventive control method according to claim 6 for a machine tool first rotates the motor for a duration of less than 100 ms in a first direction of rotation and then in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation, in response to an actuation of a system button for starting a motor. With the motor rotating in the second direction of rotation, a tool is rotated by the machine tool in a direction of rotation corresponding to its function.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a hammer drill 1 as an example of a hand tool.
  • the hammer drill 1 has a tool holder 2 , in which a shank end 3 of a tool, for example one of the drill bit 4 , can be used.
  • a primary drive of the hammer drill 1 is a motor 5 , which drives a percussion 6 and a hollow output shaft 7 .
  • a user can guide the hammer drill 1 by means of a handle 8 and take means of a system key 9 the hammer drill 1 is in operation.
  • the hammer drill 1 rotates the drill bit 4 continuously about a working axis 10 and can beat the drill bit 4 in the direction of impact 11 along the working axis 10 in a substrate.
  • a selector switch may be provided for actuation by a user, which allows a choice between at least two of the following modes: turning and hitting, turning only and hitting only.
  • the striking mechanism 6 is a pneumatic hammer mechanism. 6 An exciter 12 and a racket 13 are movably guided in the striking mechanism 6 along the working axis 10 .
  • the exciter 12 is coupled via an eccentric 14 or a wobble finger to the motor 5 and forced to a periodic, linear movement.
  • An air spring formed by a pneumatic chamber 15 between exciter 12 and racket 13 couples a movement of the racket 13 to the movement of the exciter 12 at.
  • the racket 13 can strike directly on a rear end of the drill bit 4 or indirectly transfer part of its pulse to the drill bit 4 via a substantially resting intermediate racket 16 .
  • the striking mechanism 6 and preferably the further drive components are arranged within a machine housing 17 .
  • the powertrain between the engine 5 and the hollow output shaft 7 may include a transmission 18 to adjust a rotational speed of the engine 5 to a desired rotational speed of the tool 4 .
  • An overload clutch 19 may decouple the engine 5 from the output shaft 7 when a torque acting back from the tool 4 exceeds a tripping torque of the overload clutch 19 .
  • An exemplary overload clutch 19 may have a hollow bevel gear 20 which is mounted axially displaceably on the output shaft 7 and rotatably engages eg via balls 21 in the output shaft 7 .
  • An axially acting spring 22 presses the bevel gear 20 into engagement with an output pinion 23 of the transmission. If the retroactive torque exceeds a threshold value, the bevel gear 20 is deflected axially against the spring 22 and disengages from the output pinion 23 .
  • the motor 5 is preferably a brushless electric motor.
  • a stator of the electric motor has a plurality of magnetic coils, which are individually and independently flowed through by a current.
  • a configuration of a motor 5 has three solenoids which are offset by 120 degrees from one another about a motor axis.
  • Sensors on the motor 5 can detect a current angular position of a rotor and transmit it to the motor controller 24 .
  • the motor controller 24 adjusts the amplitude of the current for each of the solenoid coils in response to the detected angular position. For example, two of the magnetic coils are flowed through in the opposite direction of rotation, while a third of the magnetic coils is de-energized.
  • the amplitude can also be adjusted or adjusted depending on a desired speed of the motor 5 .
  • the system button 9 is coupled to the engine controller 24 . As soon as a user actuates the system button 9 , the motor control 24 is activated.
  • the engine controller 24 preferably first determines a rotational speed of the engine 25 . If the motor 25 is stopped or the speed falls below a threshold value, a start-up control is activated. In the startup control, the motor 5 is initially rotated in a direction of rotation reversed for the application of the hammer drill 1 .
  • Commercially available drills have a drilling action only in a given direction of rotation, namely in a clockwise direction on the drill bit. Furthermore, the conveying effect of a helix is designed for this direction of rotation.
  • the wrong direction of rotation of the motor 5 is characterized in that the drill 4 is rotated counterclockwise.
  • the motor 5 is rotated upside down for a short duration of less than 100 ms, eg less than 50 ms, and at least 10 ms, eg at least 20 ms.
  • the duration is preferably chosen so short that no rotation of the tool 4 takes place due to the play in the gear 18 , torque clutch 19 and other components of the drive train.
  • the duration is so long that the game is maxed out before turning the tool 4 starts.
  • the motor controller 24 may rotate the motor 5 in the reverse direction with reduced power consumption.
  • a power consumption is preferably in the range of 10% to 50% of a nominal power consumption of the motor 5 .
  • the amplitude of the currents which are fed into the magnet coils is limited by the motor controller 24 .
  • the current limitation can be done, for example, in the time average by a pulse width modulation.
  • the torque output by the motor 5 is reduced in accordance with the reduced power consumption against a torque that the motor 5 can output at the maximum nominal power consumption. Subsequent to the end of the duration, the motor controller 24 controls the motor 5 according to the correct direction of rotation for the application of the hammer drill 1 .
  • the motor 5 can now accelerate in the correct direction of rotation, wherein he initially has to perform no movement work for the tool 4 due to the game. This can be particularly advantageous for a jammed tool 4 .
  • the motor 5 is already accelerated to an angular momentum before it experiences a counter torque by the jammed tool 4 .
  • the momentum can be sufficient to trigger a torque-controlled coupling of the hammer drill 1 .
  • the momentum may be sufficient to release the jammed tool 4 .
  • the motor controller 24 maintains the correct direction of rotation of the motor 5 , as long as the user actuates the system button 9 and no blockage of the tool 4 occurs.
  • the motor controller 24 increases the power consumption of the motor 5 to the nominal power consumption for the second direction of rotation in order to provide the user with a high torque for working with the machine tool.
  • the motor controller 24 stops driving the motor 5 .
  • the motor controller 24 interrupts a power supply to all solenoid coils, whereby the motor 5 expires. See other variants active braking of the motor 5, for example by shorting the coils or by driving the magnet coils in such a way that a counter-torque for braking the motor 5 is generated to a standstill.
  • the hammer drill 1 can detect a sensor 25 for detecting a rotational blockade of the tool 4 . As soon as the sensor 25 detects a blockage, the motor 5 is actively braked.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Machine-outil comportant :
    un mandrin (2) destiné à recevoir un outil (4),
    un moteur (5),
    une transmission (7, 18, 19) qui couple le moteur (5) au mandrin (2) pour transmettre un couple,
    un bouton-poussoir de système (9),
    dans laquelle la machine-outil est conçue de telle sorte que, en réponse à l'actionnement du bouton-poussoir de système par un utilisateur, une commande de moteur (24) fait tourner le moteur (5) pendant une certaine durée dans un premier sens de rotation puis dans un sens de rotation opposé au premier sens de rotation,
    caractérisée par
    un mécanisme de percussion pneumatique (6) comportant un excitateur (12) entraîné par le moteur (5) et un percuteur (13) couplé à l'excitateur (12) par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort pneumatique (15), dans lequel l'excitateur (12) et le percuteur (13) sont guidés de manière mobile dans le mécanisme de percussion (6) le long de l'axe de travail (10) et dans lequel le ressort pneumatique est formé par une chambre pneumatique (15) entre l'excitateur (12) et le percuteur (13),
    dans laquelle la durée est inférieure à 100 ms et dans laquelle la machine-outil est conçue de manière à déterminer une vitesse de rotation du moteur lorsque le bouton-poussoir de système est actionné, et une rotation s'effectue uniquement dans le premier sens de rotation, lorsque le moteur (25) est à l'arrêt ou que la vitesse de rotation est inférieure à une valeur de seuil.
  2. Machine-outil selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'outil (4) a un sens de rotation prédéfini pour sa fonction et la machine-outil (1) est conçue de manière à faire tourner l'outil (4) avec la rotation du moteur (5) dans le second sens de rotation au moyen du mandrin (2) avec le sens de rotation prédéfini.
  3. Machine-outil selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le moteur (5) est un moteur électrique sans balai.
  4. Machine-outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la commande de moteur (24) poursuit la rotation du moteur (5) dans le second sens de rotation jusqu'à l'un des deux événements suivants : le bouton-poussoir de système (9) est relâché ou le système de capteur (25) est activé pour détecter un blocage de l'outil (4) .
  5. Machine-outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une puissance absorbée du moteur (5) est limitée à un premier niveau lors de la rotation dans le premier sens de rotation, lequel premier niveau est inférieur à 50 % d'une puissance absorbée du moteur (5) lors de la rotation dans le second sens de rotation.
  6. Procédé de commande pour une machine-outil (1), lequel procédé comportant les étapes consistant à faire d'abord tourner le moteur (5) pendant une certaine durée dans un premier sens de rotation lorsqu'un bouton-poussoir de système (9) est actionné pour la mise en marche d'un moteur (5), puis faire tourner le moteur (5) dans un second sens de rotation opposé au premier sens de rotation, au moyen de quoi un outil est mis en rotation par la machine-outil dans un sens de rotation correspondant à sa fonction, caractérisé en ce que lorsque le bouton-poussoir de système est actionné, une vitesse de rotation du moteur est déterminée, et la rotation s'effectue dans le premier sens de rotation pendant une durée d'au plus 100 ms uniquement lorsque le moteur (25) est à l'arrêt ou que la vitesse de rotation est inférieure à une valeur de seuil.
  7. Procédé de commande selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le moteur (5) est mis en rotation dans un second sens de rotation jusqu'à ce que soit l'utilisateur relâche le bouton-poussoir de système (9) soit qu'un système de capteur (25) détecte un blocage de l'outil (4).
  8. Procédé de commande selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une puissance absorbée du moteur (5) est limitée à un certain niveau lors de la rotation dans un premier sens de rotation, lequel niveau est inférieur à 50 % de la puissance absorbée du moteur (5) lors de la rotation dans le second sens de rotation.
EP20120155287 2011-04-27 2012-02-14 Machine-outil et procédé de commande Active EP2517839B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110017579 DE102011017579A1 (de) 2011-04-27 2011-04-27 Werkzeugmaschine und Steuerungsverfahren

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2517839A2 EP2517839A2 (fr) 2012-10-31
EP2517839A3 EP2517839A3 (fr) 2013-12-04
EP2517839B1 true EP2517839B1 (fr) 2015-04-08

Family

ID=45592246

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20120155287 Active EP2517839B1 (fr) 2011-04-27 2012-02-14 Machine-outil et procédé de commande

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US9126321B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2517839B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011017579A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160207187A1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2016-07-21 Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Drilling Device
US10131042B2 (en) 2013-10-21 2018-11-20 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Adapter for power tool devices
EP2871029B1 (fr) * 2013-11-09 2023-09-20 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Procede pour faire fonctionner un outil electrique portatif et outil electrique portatif
DE102013224759A1 (de) * 2013-12-03 2015-06-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Werkzeugmaschinenvorrichtung
EP2960021A1 (fr) 2014-06-27 2015-12-30 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Machine-outil portative et procédé de commande
JP6981744B2 (ja) 2016-10-07 2021-12-17 株式会社マキタ ハンマドリル
JP6757226B2 (ja) 2016-10-07 2020-09-16 株式会社マキタ 電動工具

Family Cites Families (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6424799B1 (en) * 1993-07-06 2002-07-23 Black & Decker Inc. Electrical power tool having a motor control circuit for providing control over the torque output of the power tool
DE10219755A1 (de) * 2002-05-02 2003-11-13 Hilti Ag Überlastschutz für eine drehende Werkzeugmaschine
WO2004024398A1 (fr) * 2002-09-13 2004-03-25 Black & Decker Inc Outil tournant
DE10360165A1 (de) * 2003-12-20 2005-09-29 C. & E. Fein Gmbh Elektrowerkzeug
US7410006B2 (en) * 2004-10-20 2008-08-12 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool anti-kickback system with rotational rate sensor
DE102005057268A1 (de) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Handwerkzeugmaschinenumkehreinheit
CN201263135Y (zh) * 2006-03-03 2009-06-24 布莱克和戴克公司 在轻扭矩范围内具多速度传动和恒定速度的无缆电动工具
JP5041575B2 (ja) * 2006-03-07 2012-10-03 日立工機株式会社 打撃工具
JP5376392B2 (ja) * 2008-02-14 2013-12-25 日立工機株式会社 電動工具
CN101924506B (zh) * 2009-06-15 2013-01-30 南京德朔实业有限公司 一种控制割灌机锯片反转的方法
JP5408416B2 (ja) * 2009-07-03 2014-02-05 日立工機株式会社 電動工具
JP5440766B2 (ja) * 2009-07-29 2014-03-12 日立工機株式会社 インパクト工具
JP5479023B2 (ja) * 2009-10-20 2014-04-23 株式会社マキタ 充電式電動工具
EP2513941B1 (fr) * 2009-12-16 2016-05-25 Husqvarna AB Outil électrique portatif comportant un dispositif d'indication d'activation
DE102010041045A1 (de) * 2010-09-20 2012-03-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Handwerkzeugmaschine, insbesondere Schlagbohrmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011017579A1 (de) 2012-10-31
US9126321B2 (en) 2015-09-08
EP2517839A3 (fr) 2013-12-04
EP2517839A2 (fr) 2012-10-31
US20120274254A1 (en) 2012-11-01

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