EP2558647A2 - Structure de fondation en mer, fondation en mer utilisant une telle structure et procédé d'installation d'une fondation en mer - Google Patents

Structure de fondation en mer, fondation en mer utilisant une telle structure et procédé d'installation d'une fondation en mer

Info

Publication number
EP2558647A2
EP2558647A2 EP10776340A EP10776340A EP2558647A2 EP 2558647 A2 EP2558647 A2 EP 2558647A2 EP 10776340 A EP10776340 A EP 10776340A EP 10776340 A EP10776340 A EP 10776340A EP 2558647 A2 EP2558647 A2 EP 2558647A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seabed
foundation
pile
tubular hollow
foundation member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10776340A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2558647B1 (fr
Inventor
Soeren Oemann Lind
Henrik Stiesdal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP10776340.1A priority Critical patent/EP2558647B1/fr
Publication of EP2558647A2 publication Critical patent/EP2558647A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2558647B1 publication Critical patent/EP2558647B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/027—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto steel structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/20—Placing by pressure or pulling power
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines

Definitions

  • Offshore foundation structure offshore foundation using such a structure and method of establishing an offshore foundation
  • the present invention relates to an offshore foundation structure as well as to an offshore foundation using such an offshore foundation structure.
  • the present inven ⁇ tion relates to a method of establishing an offshore founda ⁇ tion .
  • a jacket construction is, for example, shown in US 5,988,949 or in EP 2 067 914 A2, a tripod construction, for example, in DE 10 2004 042 066 Al .
  • a typical method for establishing a foundation based on a jacked construction or a tripod construction is to prepare the seabed prior to establishing the foundation which in- eludes levelling out variations of the high of the seabed in order to achieve a construction in level. Furthermore, the method comprises establishing piles very accurately posi ⁇ tioned in the seabed such as by means of a pre-fabricated and pre-positioned pile positioning template structure on the seabed.
  • the piles are established by using e.g. hydraulic driven means which literally hammer the pile down into the seabed.
  • a jacket or a tripod construc- tion is set over a part of the pile (or piles in case of a tripod construction) and the space between the leg and the pile is grouted to establish a secure connection.
  • the foundation structure comprises at least one tubular hollow foundation member with a longitudinal axis and an open longitudinal end.
  • the tubular hollow foundation mem- ber is placed on the seabed such that the open longitudinal end shows towards the seabed.
  • the longitudinal axis of the tubular hollow foundation member may be oriented vertically or skewed by a small angle, e.g. by an angle of 30° or less, in particular 10° or less as measured from the ver- tical direction when it is placed on the seabed, in particu ⁇ lar in tripod constructions.
  • the pile is inside located in the tubular hollow foundation member, when the foundation member is placed on a seabed. After placing the hollow foundation member with the pile located therein on the seabed, the pile is driven out of the tubular hollow foundation member along the longitudinal axis and rammed into the seabed to establish an anchor for the foundation structure.
  • the inventive method allows to use the hollow member for guiding the pile and/or the driving means, when the pile it is rammed into the seabed.
  • the pile is driven out of the tubular hollow foundation member and rammed into the seabed by means of a drive means or hammer means which is located inside the tubular hollow foundation member.
  • the drive means may be attached to or at least partly integrated into the pile.
  • the drive means or hammer means may stay inside the tubular hol ⁇ low foundation member after the pile has been driven out of the tubular hollow foundation member and rammed into the seabed. If the drive means or hammer means is attached to or at least partly integrated into the pile this means that drive means is part of the pile itself.
  • the vessel can be utilized on other sites. This in turn is cost effective and time saving.
  • the operation of the driving means or hammer means is not dependent on a vessel it can be operated under substan ⁇ tially any weather conditions, which in turn is also cost ef ⁇ fective and time saving.
  • the drive means or hammer means can be established and operated in more than one hollow member at a time, i.e.
  • the drive means or hammer means can be designed such as to be relative cheep to build and therefore can be left in the con ⁇ struction once used.
  • the at least one tubular hollow founda- tion member used in the inventive method may be a leg of a jacket or a tripod structure. It may be designed such that each leg of the structure is a tubular hollow foundation member with a pile located therein which is driven out of the respective leg and rammed into the seabed after the jacket or tripod structure is set on the seabed. In particular, the piles of the legs may be driven out of the respective leg and rammed into the seabed simultaneously.
  • the legs of a jacket or tripod foundation can be anchored in the seabed simultaneously in a cost effective and time saving manner since it is not necessary to use three vessels to ram the piles into the seabed or to ram the piles into the seabed after each other when only one vessel is available.
  • an offshore foundation structure in particular an offshore foundation structure for a wind turbine is provided.
  • the foundation structure is adapted to being installed on the seabed and comprises at least one tubular hollow foundation member with a longitudinal axis and an open longitudinal end which is designed to be placed on the seabed such that the open hollow end shows towards the seabed.
  • the tubular hollow foundation member may be formed by a leg of a jacket struc ⁇ ture or a tripod structure. Note, that the tubular hollow foundation member may be oriented such that the longitudinal axis extends vertically or skewed with respect to the verti- cal direction. If the tubular hollow member is skewed, typical skew angles would be below 30° as measured from the ver ⁇ tical direction.
  • a pile and a drive means or hammer means are located inside the tu ⁇ bular hollow foundation member.
  • the drive means or hammer means is designed to drive the pile out of the tubular hollow foundation member along the longitudinal axis and to ram it into the seabed to establish an anchor for the foundation structure . Since the drive means or hammer means is located inside the hollow foundation member.
  • the tubular hollow foundation member can act as a guide for the drive means or hammer means as well as for the pile.
  • the drive means may, in particular, be attached to the pile. Alternatively, it may at least be partly integrated into the pile.
  • the pile By attaching the drive means to or integrating the drive means at least partly into the pile the pile can be driven into the seabed without the necessity to occupy a crane vessel with a task of holding and operating the drive means. Hence, the vessel can be utilized on other sites. This in turn is cost effective and time saving. Moreover, since the operation of the drive means is not depending on a vessel it can be operated under substantially any weather condi ⁇ tions, which is in turn also cost effective and time saving. In addition, piles and drive means can be established and op ⁇ erated in more than one leg at the same time, i.e.
  • the offshore foundation structure can further comprise at least one control unit for controlling the drive means.
  • a control unit may operate two or more drive means, for example the drive means of different piles, so that driving the piles into the seabed can be done in paral ⁇ lel and, hence, in a time saving manner.
  • an in- ventive offshore foundation in particular an offshore foundation for a wind turbine installation.
  • the off ⁇ shore foundation may, e.g., be implemented as a jacket struc ⁇ ture or as a tripod structure.
  • the offshore foundation is es ⁇ tablished on the seabed and comprises at least one tubular hollow foundation member with a longitudinal axis and an open longitudinal end which is placed on the seabed such that the open longitudinal end shows towards the seabed.
  • the longitu ⁇ dinal axis of the tubular hollow foundation member may be oriented vertically or skewed. If skewed, the skew angle, as measured from the vertical direction, does not exceed 30°, and does, preferably, not exceed 10°.
  • a pile is partly lo ⁇ cated in the tubular hollow foundation member and partly projecting out of the tubular hollow foundation member along the longitudinal axis so that the projecting part is located in the seabed to form an anchor of the foundation. Furthermore, a drive means or hammer means is located inside the tubular hollow foundation member.
  • the inventive offshore foundation can be build by use of an inventive offshore foundation structure so that the inventive offshore foundation offers the possibility to realise the ad ⁇ vantages described with respect to the inventive offshore foundation structure when establishing the offshore founda ⁇ tion.
  • Establishing the offshore foundation can be done according to the inventive method.
  • a space may be present between the tubular hollow foundation member and the part of the pile which is located inside the tubular hollow founda ⁇ tion member. This space may be grouted to increase stability of the offshore foundation.
  • the drive means or hammer means may be implemented as a hydraulic means, a pneumatic means, an electrically driven means, a mo ⁇ tor driven means, etc.
  • the number of tubular hollow foundation members shall not be restricted to any definite number but can be any number as long as at least one tubular hollow foundation member is present.
  • a jacket or tripod structure offers the possibility to set the structure on the ground when driving the piles into the sea ⁇ bed .
  • Figure 1 shows an inventive jacket structure of an off ⁇ shore wind turbine foundation in a highly schematic view.
  • Figure 2 shows an inventive tripod structure of an off ⁇ shore wind turbine foundation in a highly schematic view.
  • Figure 3 schematically shows driving a pile into the seabed according to a first embodiment of the invention .
  • Figure 4 schematically shows driving a pile into the seabed according to a second embodiment of the invention .
  • Figure 5 schematically shows driving a pile into the seabed according to a third embodiment of the invention .
  • Figure 6 schematically shows driving a pile of a tripod structure into the seabed.
  • FIG. 1 An inventive jacket structure of an offshore foundation, for example for wind turbines, is shown in Figure 1 in highly schematic view.
  • the jacket structure shown in this Figure comprises three hollow legs 1 each forming a tubular hollow foundation member.
  • Each leg 1 is equipped with an open longitudinal end 11 which is placed on the seabed 3 such that the open longitudinal end 11 shows towards the seabed.
  • the legs are slightly tilted with respect to the vertical direction.
  • Piles 2 project through the open longitudinal ends into the seabed 3 to form anchors for the foundation structure.
  • the legs 1 may be grouted, in particular the space between the piles and the inside wall of the legs, in order to increase stability of the structure.
  • tripod structure Another possible offshore foundation structure by which the invention can be realised is the so called tripod structure that is schematically shown in Figure 2.
  • three legs 1 forming tubular hollow foundation members support a main tube 8 carrying an installation like a wind turbine.
  • the three legs 1 are anchored in the seabed by means of piles 2 extending out of the legs into the seabed 3.
  • the present invention also relates in general to an advanta ⁇ geous method of establishing an offshore wind turbine tower foundation such as a jacket or tripod structure as described above with respect to Figures 1 and 2, respectively, on the sea bed.
  • Figure 3 shows a first embodiment of establishing an offshore foundation as described above with respect to Figures 1 and 2.
  • a pile 2 is inserted in a jacket or tripod leg 1 and forced to penetrate the seabed 3 and to be driven into the seabed 3 in order to establish a secure "anchor" for the foundation construction.
  • This embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the pile 2 comprises a drive means 4 which is directly attached to the pile 2.
  • the drive means 4 is prepared for being able to force the pile 2 into and through the seabed 3 along the longitudinal axis of the pile 2 or the hollow foundation member 1, respec- tively.
  • the drive means 4 may for various embodiments be hy ⁇ draulic, pneumatic, electrically and/or fuel driven and can in principle be any type of pile hammer which is known in the art .
  • a second embodiment of establishing an offshore foundation as described above with respect to Figures 1 and 2 is schemati ⁇ cally illustrated in Figure 4. This embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the driving means 4 is at least partly integrated in the pile 2 itself .
  • a third of establishing an offshore foundation as described above with respect to Figures 1 and 2 is schematically illus ⁇ trated in Figure 5.
  • This embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the pile 2, inserted in the jacket or tripod leg 1, is driven into the seabed 3 by a hammer means 5.
  • This embodiment is further characterised in that the hammer means 5 is operated in the jacket or tripod leg 1 such as by sliding on prepared portions of the wall of the jacket or tripod leg 1, and/or the hammer means 5 is operated by con ⁇ trol means such as by one or more wires 6, said control means being external to the hammer means 5.
  • the hammer means 5 may be made of e.g. concrete, iron, rein ⁇ forced concrete etc.
  • the driving means 4 is dimensioned so that its physical dimensions are smaller than the internal diameter of the jacket or tripod leg 1 and consequently can be positioned and operate inside the jacket or tripod leg 1.
  • the space between the jacket or tripod leg 1 and the pile 2 may be grouted sub ⁇ sequently to the establishment of the pile 2 in the seabed.
  • the driving means 4 may be removable so that it can be removed after establishing the pile 2 and/or grouting, or the driving means 4 may be non-removable so that it stays installed after establishing the pile 2 and/or grouting.
  • the driving means 4 may further receive control 7 from one or more control units 10 external to the means 4. The control may be communicated between the control unit and the driving means 4 such as by one or more electrical wire, hydraulic hose, pneumatic hose or the like.
  • the said one or more control units 10 when operated, may be positioned on the foundation structure, in the means 4 itself, in the jacket or tripod leg 1 or on a separate construction such as a vessel.
  • control unit 10 may operate two or more driving means 4. This is schematically illustrated in Figure 6.
  • the driving means 4 of different piles 2 are connected to a common control unit 10. It can further be schematically seen, that when a first pile 2 with driving means 4 is prepared and set to operate in one leg (left) , a second pile can be prepared and set to operate in another leg (right) at the same time when the first pile is working i.e. driving one pile is not dependent on driving another pile, so the driving process may be regarded as if it may be done in parallel.
  • a jacket structure is shown in Figure 6 the features and function described with respect to this Figure can also be realised with a tripod structure. Examples for advantages which arise from the technical fea ⁇ tures according to the invention:
  • the invention is advantageous in that the driving means 4 is part of the pile 2 itself. This means that for operating the invention it is not necessary to occupy a (crane) vessel with a task of holding and operating the driving means. Hence the vessel can be utilized on other sites. This in turn is cost effective and time saving.
  • the invention is furthermore advantageous in that as the op ⁇ eration of the driving means is not dependent of a vessel, the means can be operated under substantially any weather condition. This in turn is cost effective and time saving.
  • the invention is furthermore advantageous in that piles (and driving means) can be established and operated in more than one leg at a time i.e. timely parallel, whereas it is known from prior art to install only one pile at the time as the pile driving of each pile is dependent of driving equipment connected to the crane of the vessel.
  • the invention is furthermore advantageous in that the driving means 4 is relative cheep to build and therefore can be left in the construction once used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un procédé d'installation d'une fondation en mer, en particulier une fondation en mer pour l'implantation d'une éolienne sur un fond marin (3). Au moins un pieu (2) est enfoncé dans le fond marin (3) afin de fournir un ancrage pour la structure de fondation. Selon le procédé, la structure de fondation comprend au moins un élément de fondation tubulaire creux (1) avec un axe longitudinal et une extrémité longitudinale ouverte (11). Ledit élément de fondation tubulaire est disposé sur le fond marin (3) de telle sortie que l'extrémité longitudinale ouverte (11) est orientée vers le fond marin (3). Le pieu (2) est situé à l'intérieur de l'élément de fondation tubulaire creux (1) quand il est disposé sur le fond marin (3). Après le positionnement de l'élément de fondation creux (1) sur le fond marin, ledit pieu est entrainé hors de l'élément de fondation tubulaire creux (1) le long de l'axe longitudinal, et il est enfoncé dans le fond marin (3) afin d'établir un ancrage pour la structure de fondation.
EP10776340.1A 2010-05-28 2010-11-04 Structure de fondation en mer, fondation en mer utilisant une telle structure et procédé d'installation d'une fondation en mer Not-in-force EP2558647B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10776340.1A EP2558647B1 (fr) 2010-05-28 2010-11-04 Structure de fondation en mer, fondation en mer utilisant une telle structure et procédé d'installation d'une fondation en mer

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10164282 2010-05-28
PCT/EP2010/066814 WO2011147480A2 (fr) 2010-05-28 2010-11-04 Structure de fondation en mer, fondation en mer utilisant une telle structure et procédé d'installation d'une fondation en mer
EP10776340.1A EP2558647B1 (fr) 2010-05-28 2010-11-04 Structure de fondation en mer, fondation en mer utilisant une telle structure et procédé d'installation d'une fondation en mer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2558647A2 true EP2558647A2 (fr) 2013-02-20
EP2558647B1 EP2558647B1 (fr) 2017-11-01

Family

ID=43569322

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10776340.1A Not-in-force EP2558647B1 (fr) 2010-05-28 2010-11-04 Structure de fondation en mer, fondation en mer utilisant une telle structure et procédé d'installation d'une fondation en mer

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2558647B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011147480A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3686348B1 (fr) 2019-01-22 2024-07-17 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Structure de fondation en mer, fondation en mer comportant une telle structure de fondation en mer et procédé d'installation d'une structure de fondation en mer
EP3868962A1 (fr) 2020-02-21 2021-08-25 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Assemblage d'une structure de gaine

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3502159A (en) * 1968-03-26 1970-03-24 Texaco Inc Pile driving apparatus for submerged structures
US3987637A (en) * 1975-05-06 1976-10-26 Brown & Root, Inc. Method and apparatus for transporting and erecting an offshore tower
US5988949A (en) 1996-01-11 1999-11-23 Mcdermott Int Inc Offshore jacket installation
DE10349109B4 (de) * 2003-10-17 2008-02-07 Aerodyn Engineering Gmbh Gründung für eine Offshore-Windenergieanlage
DE102004042066B4 (de) 2004-08-31 2006-12-14 Bard Engineering Gmbh Gründung für eine Offshore-Windkraftanlage
EP2067914A2 (fr) 2007-12-04 2009-06-10 WeserWind GmbH Structure de grille d'une construction offshore, en particulier d'une éolienne offshore et son procédé de fabrication
DK2208825T3 (en) * 2009-01-16 2015-02-09 Overdick Gmbh & Co Kg A method of installing an offshore foundation structure on a seabed as well as offshore foundation structure

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2011147480A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2558647B1 (fr) 2017-11-01
WO2011147480A3 (fr) 2012-10-18
WO2011147480A2 (fr) 2011-12-01

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