EP2569843B1 - Anlage zur übertragung von hochspannungsgleichstrom mit überspannungsschutz - Google Patents

Anlage zur übertragung von hochspannungsgleichstrom mit überspannungsschutz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2569843B1
EP2569843B1 EP10722037.8A EP10722037A EP2569843B1 EP 2569843 B1 EP2569843 B1 EP 2569843B1 EP 10722037 A EP10722037 A EP 10722037A EP 2569843 B1 EP2569843 B1 EP 2569843B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
fault
current
breaker
plant according
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EP10722037.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2569843A1 (de
Inventor
Jurgen HÄFNER
Björn JACOBSON
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ABB Technology AG
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ABB Technology AG
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Priority to PL10722037T priority Critical patent/PL2569843T3/pl
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via high-voltage DC [HVDC] links; Arrangements for transfer of electric power between generators and networks via HVDC links
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/025—Disconnection after limiting, e.g. when limiting is not sufficient or for facilitating disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for DC systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant for transmitting electric power comprising
  • High voltage means a voltage ⁇ 10 kV and often a voltage of several hundreds kV with respect to ground.
  • the plant may be of any conceivable type used for transmitting electric power and having at least one high voltage DC line.
  • An example of such a plant is a plant for transmitting electric power through High Voltage Direct Current, in which a DC line in the form of an overhead line or cable is used for transmitting electric power over long distances with losses being low compared to AC lines. It may also be any type of plant for transmitting electric power having a DC switchyard interconnecting a plurality of DC lines, which may form a DC grid or network possibly together with other such DC switchyards.
  • Said faults may for different reasons, such as strokes of lightning, arise and be a line-to-line or line-to-ground fault. It is then of great importance to be able to at a very short notice upon occurrence of such a fault limit a rapidly rising fault current resulting therefrom and also take care of the fault energy generated and stored in a said fault current path for preventing severe impacts upon equipment connected to the DC line.
  • a said DC breaker comprising a switching element, such as a semiconductor switch, connected in series with said DC line and upon occurrence of a said fault controlled to switch to commutate the fault current into a said energy dissipating means in the form of an arrester bank connected in parallel with the switching element and having a protective level exceeding the voltage of said DC line with respect to ground.
  • the arrester bank will then reduce the fault current to zero by dissipating the energy stored in the faulty current path.
  • the fault energy to be taken care of by said arrester bank depends on the breaking current level, i.e.
  • the arrester bank may only be exposed to a limited number of operations for a given nominal energy dissipation.
  • the required energy dissipation of the arrester bank during a breaking instance should be kept as low as possible.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a plant of the type defined in the introduction being in at least some aspect improved with respect to such plants already known.
  • This object is according to the invention obtained by providing such a plant in which said energy dissipating means comprises a series connection of an energy consuming braking resistor and a free-wheeling rectifying member connected between ground and said DC line to conduct current while forming a free-wheeling path therethrough and in said faulty current path between ground and said location upon said control of said DC breaker upon occurrence of a said fault.
  • the arrangement of said series connection of an energy consuming braking resistor and a free-wheeling rectifying member also opens up for a faster disconnection of the faulty DC line from the rest of the plant by said DC breaker and thus less impact of DC line faults on other parts of the plant.
  • said rectifying member comprises a high voltage diode connecting the braking resistor to said DC line, and the rectifying member comprises preferably a series connection of such high voltage diodes to together block a reverse voltage thereacross exceeding the intended voltage on said DC line with respect to ground, and a high number of such diodes connected in series will be necessary when said voltage is as high as 100 kV or even higher.
  • said DC breaker comprises a semiconductor device of turn-off type, and a said control unit is configured, upon occurrence of a said fault, to turn said semiconductor device off for commutating said fault current into said free-wheeling path.
  • a semiconductor device is an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), a GTO (Gate Turn-Off thyristor) or an IGCT (Insulated Gate Commutated Thyristor).
  • the plant comprises a current limiting arrangement arranged close to said DC breaker for limiting the current through said DC breaker upon occurrence of a said fault, which will reduce the breaking current level and by that the fault energy to be dissipated and by that the required dimension and costs of the energy dissipating means.
  • said current limiting arrangement comprises an arrester connected in parallel with said semiconductor device, and this arrangement may also comprise a current derivative limiting reactor connected in series with said DC breaker, which means that the rise of the fault current to said breaking current level will be smaller.
  • the plant comprises a DC switchyard comprising at least one busbar and at least two said DC lines each connected to said at least one busbar through a said DC breaker, and at least one of said DC lines has a said series connection of an energy consuming braking resistor and a free-wheeling rectifying member connected thereto.
  • the invention is particularly interesting for a plant including such a DC switchyard, since it is particularly difficult to estimate the size required of an arrester bank in known such plants including such a DC switchyard in complex DC grids.
  • said series connection of an energy consuming braking resistor and a freewheeling rectifying member is connected to said DC line in connection with said DC switchyard, such as at the DC line entrance thereof.
  • the plant comprises a said series connection of an energy consuming braking resistor and a free-wheeling rectifying member for each of said DC lines connected to said DC switchyard. This provides for cost efficient protection against faults occurring on all DC lines connected to the DC switchyard.
  • the plant comprises a station for converting alternating voltage into direct voltage and conversely, said station is provided with a said DC breaker, and a said series connection of an energy consuming braking resistor and a free-wheeling rectifying member is connected to a DC line connected to the DC side of said station close to or in direct connection with said station.
  • the plant may be a plant for transmitting electric power through High Voltage Direct Current.
  • said DC line is configured to be on a voltage level of ⁇ 10 kV, 10 kV - 1000 kV, 100 kV - 1000 kV or 300 kV - 1000 kV with respect to ground.
  • the arrangement of said energy consuming braking resistor and a free-wheeling rectifying member as energy dissipating means is the more interesting the higher said voltage level is in view of costs to be saved thereby.
  • Fig 1 illustrates a plant for transmitting electric power having a DC switchyard to which the present invention may be applied, which will be described further below with reference made to Fig 2 .
  • This DC switchyard 1 comprises two busbars 2, 3, four DC lines 4-7 connected to each of these busbars through DC breakers 8-13 comprising semiconductor devices 14 of turn-off type, such as IGBT:s, and an arrester bank 15 connected in parallel therewith. It is also shown how this DC switchyard may have an AC/DC converter 16, such as a Voltage Source Converter, connected with a DC-side 17 thereof through DC breakers 18, 19 to the two busbars 2, 3.
  • the alternating voltage side 20 of the converter may be connected to for instance an alternating voltage network or an electric power generator of for instance a wind power plant.
  • the plant also comprises means 21 configured to detect occurrence of a fault current as a consequence of a fault occurring at a location on any of the DC lines as well as a control unit 22 configured to control a corresponding of the DC breakers for protecting equipment connected to the DC line in question upon occurrence of a said fault current.
  • Fig 2 illustrates a plant according to an embodiment of the present invention being almost identical to the plant shown in Fig 1 , but to which a series connection 24-27 of an energy consuming braking resistor 28 and a free-wheeling rectifying member 29 in the form of a rectifying diode, have been connected between ground and each said DC line 4-7 at the DC line entrance of the DC switchyard.
  • the rectifying member 29 is configured to be able to block a reverse voltage thereacross exceeding the maximum voltage on the DC line during transients at the point of connecting with respect to ground, which typically means a voltage blocking capability exceeding 1.8 times the nominal DC voltage, and may for that sake comprise a plurality of such high voltage diodes connected in series.
  • the size of the arrester banks of the plant shown in Fig 2 may also be considerably reduced with respect to Fig 1 , since these arrester banks may here primarily be arranged for current limiting purposes.
  • the braking resistors 28 are suitably dimensioned for being able to dissipate the maximum fault energy created by a DC line fault occurring at a location far away from said DC switchyard and may for that sake have a considerable size, such as of a shed, and is preferably of stainless steel.
  • arresters may be connected in parallel with the rectifying members and/or the braking resistors.
  • a plant according to a second embodiment of the invention is very schematically illustrated in Fig 3 .
  • a current derivative limiting reactor 31 connects the DC breaker 13 to the busbar 3.
  • the required energy dissipation capability of the DC breaker i.e. the arrester bank 15 thereof, depends only on the maximum breaking current level and the current derivative limiting reactor, e.g. used to improve selectivity of protection.
  • the size of such current derivative limiting reactors installed in the DC lines as well as the location 23 of the fault will only impact the requirements on the energy dissipating capability of the braking resistor 28, which is the less costly part of the equipment.
  • the invention is applicable to DC switchyards of other types than shown in the figures, such as so-called two breaker switchyards having two separate breakers for connecting each DC line to a busbar and switchyards having only one busbar in the form of a DC grid node to which at least three DC lines are connected through a said DC breaker each.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Anlage zum Übertragen elektrischer Leistung, die Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Hochspannungs-Gleichstromleitung (4-7),
    - einen Gleichstromunterbrecher (8-13), der mit der Gleichstromleitung in Reihe geschaltet ist und konfiguriert ist, einen Fehlerstrom bei Auftreten eines Fehlers in der Gleichstromleitung zu unterbrechen;
    - Mittel (21), die konfiguriert sind, das Auftreten eines Fehlerstroms als Folge eines Fehlers, der an einem Ort (23) in der Gleichstromleitung auftritt, zu detektieren;
    - eine Steuereinheit (22), die konfiguriert ist, den Gleichstromunterbrecher zu steuern, um eine mit der Gleichstromleitung verbundene Ausrüstung bei Auftreten des Fehlerstroms zu schützen, und
    - Mittel, die konfiguriert sind, Energie, die in einem Fehlerstromweg der Gleichstromleitung zwischen dem Ort und diesen Mitteln gespeichert ist, bei Auftreten des Fehlers bis zu dem Zeitpunkt der Steuerung des Gleichstromunterbrechers abzuführen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Energieabführmittel eine Reihenschaltung (24-27) aus einem Energie verbrauchenden Bremswiderstand (28) und einem Umpolungsgleichrichterelement (29), das zwischen Masse und die Gleichstromleitung geschaltet ist, um Strom zu leiten, während ein Umpolungsweg (30) hindurch und in dem Fehlerstromweg zwischen Masse und dem Ort (23) bei Steuerung des Gleichstromunterbrechers bei Auftreten des Fehlers gebildet wird, umfassen,
    wobei der Gleichstromunterbrecher (8-13) eine Halbleitervorrichtung (14) des Abschalttyps mit Strombegrenzungsanordnung umfasst, die einen Kurzschließer (15) umfasst, der zu der Halbleitervorrichtung (14) parallel geschaltet ist, um den Strom durch den Gleichstromunterbrecher bei Auftreten des Fehlers zu begrenzen, und
    die Steuereinheit (22) konfiguriert ist, bei Auftreten des Fehlers die Halbleitervorrichtung zu sperren, um den Fehlerstrom in den Umpolungsweg (30) umzuschalten.
  2. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gleichrichterelement eine Hochspannungsdiode (29) umfasst, die den Bremswiderstand (28) mit der Gleichstromleitung verbindet.
  3. Anlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gleichrichterelement eine Reihenschaltung aus mehreren Hochspannungsdioden (29) umfasst, die eine Sperrspannung über den Dioden, die die Sollspannung in der Gleichstromleitung (4-7) in Bezug auf Masse übersteigt, blockieren.
  4. Anlage nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Halbleitervorrichtung ein IGBT, ein GTO oder ein IGCT ist.
  5. Anlage nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strombegrenzungsanordnung einen Stromableitungsbegrenzungsreaktor (31), der mit dem Gleichstromunterbrecher (13) in Reihe geschaltet ist, umfasst.
  6. Anlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Gleichstrom-Freiluftschaltanlage (1) umfasst, die wenigstens eine Busschiene (2, 3) und wenigstens zwei der Gleichstromleitungen (4-7), wovon jede mit der wenigstens einen Busschiene über den Gleichstromunterbrecher (8-13) verbunden ist, umfasst, und dass wenigstens eine der Gleichstromleitungen eine Reihenschaltung aus einem Energie verbrauchenden Bremswiderstand (28) und einem Umpolungsgleichrichterelement (29), das daran angeschlossen ist, besitzt.
  7. Anlage nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reihenschaltung aus einem Energie verbrauchenden Bremswiderstand (28) und einem Umpolungsgleichrichterelement (29) mit der Gleichstromleitung in Verbindung mit der Gleichstrom-Freiluftschaltanlage (1), etwa bei dem Gleichstromeingang hiervon, verbunden ist.
  8. Anlage nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Reihenschaltung aus einem Energie verbrauchenden Bremswiderstand (28) und einem Umpolungsgleichrichterelement (29) für jede der Gleichstromleitungen (4-7), die mit der Gleichstrom-Freiluftschaltanlage (1) verbunden sind, umfasst.
  9. Anlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Station zum Umsetzen einer Wechselspannung in eine Gleichspannung und umgekehrt umfasst, dass die Station mit dem Gleichstromunterbrecher versehen ist und dass eine Reihenschaltung aus einem Energie verbrauchenden Bremswiderstand (28) und einem Umpolungsgleichrichterelement (29) mit einer Gleichstromleitung verbunden ist, die mit der Gleichstromseite (17) der Station in der Nähe der Station oder in direkter Verbindung mit der Station verbunden ist.
  10. Anlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Anlage zum Übertragen elektrischer Leistung über einen Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom ist.
  11. Anlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gleichstromleitung (4-7) für einen Spannungspegel ≥10 kV-100 kV, 10 kV-1000 kV, 100 kV-1000 kV oder 300 kV-1000 kV in Bezug auf Masse konfiguriert ist.
EP10722037.8A 2010-05-11 2010-05-11 Anlage zur übertragung von hochspannungsgleichstrom mit überspannungsschutz Active EP2569843B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10722037T PL2569843T3 (pl) 2010-05-11 2010-05-11 Instalacja do przesyłu mocy elektrycznej wysokiego napięcia prądu stałego, zawierająca zabezpieczenie nadnapięciowe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/EP2010/056463 WO2011141052A1 (en) 2010-05-11 2010-05-11 A plant for transmitting high voltage dc electric power including overvoltage protection

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EP2569843A1 EP2569843A1 (de) 2013-03-20
EP2569843B1 true EP2569843B1 (de) 2014-01-15

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US (1) US20130050881A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2569843B1 (de)
CN (1) CN102884701B (de)
CA (1) CA2798650C (de)
DK (1) DK2569843T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2458108T3 (de)
PL (1) PL2569843T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2011141052A1 (de)

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CN110676824A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-01-10 国网江苏省电力有限公司镇江供电分公司 采集线路负荷端母线电压的110kV线路断线保护方法
CN111224384A (zh) * 2019-12-09 2020-06-02 国网江苏省电力有限公司镇江供电分公司 比较线路两侧线电压向量差采用合解环操作断线保护方法

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ES2552857T3 (es) * 2012-02-29 2015-12-02 Abb Technology Ltd Un sistema de alimentación de corriente continua con capacidades de protección del sistema
DE102012209903A1 (de) * 2012-06-13 2013-12-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Schalten in einem Gleichspannungsnetz
EP2701255B1 (de) 2012-08-23 2016-05-04 General Electric Technology GmbH Stromkreisunterbrechungsvorrichtung
CN103457258B (zh) * 2013-08-16 2016-04-20 国家电网公司 一种多端直流系统用直流断路器及其控制方法
CN103474983B (zh) * 2013-08-20 2015-05-13 国家电网公司 一种高压大电流直流断路器及其控制方法
EP2894752A1 (de) * 2014-01-10 2015-07-15 Alstom Technology Ltd Leistungsübertragungsnetzwerk
US9853451B2 (en) 2015-01-30 2017-12-26 General Electric Company Direct current power system
CN104900444B (zh) * 2015-06-26 2017-08-04 华北电力大学 直流断路器的拓扑结构及其控制方法
RU2661936C1 (ru) * 2017-05-31 2018-07-23 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Амурский государственный университет" Система электроснабжения потребителей собственных нужд электрической станции
CN108879750A (zh) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-23 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州供电公司 一种多端柔性直流输电线路的故障处理系统及其控制方法
CN111244999B (zh) * 2020-01-16 2022-07-05 国网福建省电力有限公司 一种混合式耗能装置的控制方法
IT202400000402A1 (it) * 2024-01-11 2025-07-11 Terna S P A Sistema di protezione da inversione di polarità in un sistema elettrico hvdc
WO2025149944A1 (en) * 2024-01-11 2025-07-17 Terna S.P.A. Reverse polarity protection system and device in an hvdc electrical system

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CN110676824A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-01-10 国网江苏省电力有限公司镇江供电分公司 采集线路负荷端母线电压的110kV线路断线保护方法
CN110676824B (zh) * 2019-11-28 2021-03-23 国网江苏省电力有限公司镇江供电分公司 采集线路负荷端母线电压的110kV线路断线保护方法
CN111224384A (zh) * 2019-12-09 2020-06-02 国网江苏省电力有限公司镇江供电分公司 比较线路两侧线电压向量差采用合解环操作断线保护方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2458108T3 (es) 2014-04-29
DK2569843T3 (da) 2014-04-22
EP2569843A1 (de) 2013-03-20
CN102884701A (zh) 2013-01-16
CA2798650A1 (en) 2011-11-17
CA2798650C (en) 2016-05-03
PL2569843T3 (pl) 2014-06-30
WO2011141052A1 (en) 2011-11-17
US20130050881A1 (en) 2013-02-28
CN102884701B (zh) 2015-12-02

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