EP2584290A2 - Procédé de fonctionnement dýune pompe à chaleur - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement dýune pompe à chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2584290A2
EP2584290A2 EP12188470.4A EP12188470A EP2584290A2 EP 2584290 A2 EP2584290 A2 EP 2584290A2 EP 12188470 A EP12188470 A EP 12188470A EP 2584290 A2 EP2584290 A2 EP 2584290A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hot water
water preparation
pressure
heat
preparation operation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12188470.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2584290A3 (fr
Inventor
Johan Andersson
Patrick Hertzman
Timo Haak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2584290A2 publication Critical patent/EP2584290A2/fr
Publication of EP2584290A3 publication Critical patent/EP2584290A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1039—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/242—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/375—Control of heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0311—Pressure sensors near the expansion valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/07—Exceeding a certain pressure value in a refrigeration component or cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2515—Flow valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/195—Pressures of the condenser

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a heat pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Heat pumps are machines that transfer heat from a lower to a higher temperature level with the help of technical work.
  • Heat pump heating uses the condensing heat generated at the high temperature level for heating rooms or for heating water.
  • the heat output is controlled by a three-way switching valve.
  • Electric motor-driven compression heat pumps represent the main application of heat pumps.
  • the heat pump process is a thermodynamic cycle in which a refrigerant is conducted in a closed circuit.
  • the refrigerant is drawn in by a compressor, compressed and fed to a condenser, the condenser.
  • the condenser is a heat exchanger in which the heat generated during the liquefaction is delivered to a fluid, for example to a heating circuit or to room air.
  • the thereby liquefying refrigerant is then passed to a relaxation device.
  • a relaxation device usually this is a thermal expansion valve.
  • heat is transferred from a low temperature heat source to the refrigerant and leads to evaporation of the refrigerant.
  • the ambient air or a brine circuit can be used, which absorbs the heat from the soil.
  • the vaporized refrigerant is then drawn in again by the compressor.
  • a controller controls the heat pump process by acting on the behavior of the components.
  • the refrigerant vapor - in the form of wet steam or saturated steam - must still be supplied with energy so that the steam is overheated. Overheating is technically necessary because only gaseous refrigerant may be compressed.
  • the compression of a mixture of refrigerant vapor and refrigerant droplets leads to very high pressures, which can be recognized by a characteristic noise. This can result in mechanical overloading and early destruction of the compressor and also of valves.
  • the superheating energy is supplied via the evaporator or compressor motor. Often also liquid separators are installed in front of the compressor.
  • control signal comes from the control device and then results, for example, from a comparison of the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant at the evaporator outlet.
  • a heat pump and components are usually designed for optimal operation with common source temperatures and common heat output temperatures.
  • the source temperature may be more severe in the case of geothermal heat pumps, for example, if the wellbore is relatively small and the heat extraction is quite strong over a long period of time. Then the natural regeneration will stop.
  • the heat output is due to the low intake air temperature on cold winter days.
  • the connected, heat-emitting heating system has a design temperature of, for example, only 35 ° C in the best case, so that overall good efficiencies are achieved by a relatively low temperature spread.
  • the situation usually looks different in the hot water preparation operation, because it requires flow temperatures above 55 ° C, for example, to heat up drinking or service water in a connected hot water tank to normal temperatures. These relatively high temperatures are usually easily reached. Either with appropriate source temperatures or with a relatively high pressure of the refrigerant in the internal piping circuit. This is usually measured with a pressure sensor in the line section between the compressor and expansion device.
  • the refrigerant pressure in the high-pressure part of a heat pump are limited.
  • the upper pressure limit may therefore be reached if the source temperature is relatively low and the heat release temperature is relatively high.
  • By increasing the pressure an attempt is made to achieve the discharge-side temperature setpoints. If the pressure upper limit is exceeded, there is a so-called high-pressure fault and the heat pump is then switched off. An inspection of the recommissioning by trained specialist personnel is necessary. When hot water preparation, this special operating condition can thus occur most likely.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a heat pump, with which lockouts are avoided and an optimized operation is achieved.
  • the inventive method is characterized in that at least during the hot water preparation operation current measured values are evaluated at the pressure sensor and compared with predeterminable values for an optimal working pressure of the compressor. According to the invention, before reaching a predefinable upper pressure limit, a termination of the hot water preparation operation takes place.
  • the heat pump switches off if, for example, there is no heat request for heating during summer time. Or there is a change from the hot water preparation mode to the heating mode, before possibly the pressure upper limit would have been reached.
  • a cut-off pressure value for the hot water preparation operation is provided for this, which is smaller than a predefinable upper pressure limit.
  • a cut-off pressure value for the hot water preparation operation is provided, which is coupled to a predefinable upper pressure limit with a fixed distance amount. An additional switching threshold is thus installed before the switch-off.
  • cut-off pressure values are preset at the factory and can be changed by the commissioning staff if necessary, for example to respond to specific plant situations.
  • the hot water preparation operation is restarted according to the invention if a request for hot water preparation continues to be present after a predefinable period of time.
  • a request for hot water preparation continues to be present after a predefinable period of time.
  • a method for operating a heat pump is available, with the lockouts are avoided and optimized operation is achieved.
  • the return to the heating mode for example, faster than in conventional systems, so that loss of comfort for room or building users are avoided by very long hot water preparation phases.
  • a total of the hot water preparation operation is improved and provided with a safety threshold, namely the timely return to the heating mode to avoid a high pressure fault.
  • the drawing illustrates an embodiment of the invention and shows in a single figure schematically the structure of a heating and hot water preparation system with a heat pump.
  • the heat pump consists of a compressor 1, a condenser 2, a relaxation device 3, an evaporator 4, a closed pipe circuit for connecting these refrigeration cycle components, a circulating through the piping circuit refrigerant, a pressure sensor 5 in the line section between the compressor 1 and expansion device 3 and a Control device 6 for controlling the heat pump process.
  • a three-way switching valve 10 in the return line is switched to the hot water preparation operation, so that the heating water via the hot water supply line 11 in a Hot water tank 12 and whose heat exchanger is passed.
  • a temperature sensor 13 is provided in the lower region of the hot water tank 12 in order to regulate the hot water preparation according to its measured values.
  • a geothermal well 14 As a heat source, a geothermal well 14 is shown, wherein a brine pump 15 promotes the brine through the brine line 16 through the evaporator 4.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
EP12188470.4A 2011-10-20 2012-10-15 Procédé de fonctionnement dýune pompe à chaleur Withdrawn EP2584290A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011116622A DE102011116622A1 (de) 2011-10-20 2011-10-20 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmepumpe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2584290A2 true EP2584290A2 (fr) 2013-04-24
EP2584290A3 EP2584290A3 (fr) 2014-02-26

Family

ID=47080318

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12188470.4A Withdrawn EP2584290A3 (fr) 2011-10-20 2012-10-15 Procédé de fonctionnement dýune pompe à chaleur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2584290A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011116622A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102024210088A1 (de) 2024-10-18 2026-04-23 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Wärmepumpensystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023135223A1 (de) * 2023-12-14 2025-06-18 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmepumpe und Wärmepumpensystem

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1019792B (de) * 1953-11-27 1957-11-21 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Waermepumpenanlage mit Heisswasser-Druckspeicher
US6405551B1 (en) * 1999-05-20 2002-06-18 Science, Inc. Heating apparatus having refrigeration cycle
US7849700B2 (en) * 2004-05-12 2010-12-14 Electro Industries, Inc. Heat pump with forced air heating regulated by withdrawal of heat to a radiant heating system
JP5428381B2 (ja) * 2009-02-24 2014-02-26 ダイキン工業株式会社 ヒートポンプシステム
KR101045435B1 (ko) * 2009-02-26 2011-06-30 엘지전자 주식회사 냉매사이클 연동 물 순환 시스템
DE202010001755U1 (de) * 2010-02-02 2011-06-09 Stiebel Eltron GmbH & Co. KG, 37603 Wärmepumpenvorrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102024210088A1 (de) 2024-10-18 2026-04-23 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Wärmepumpensystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2584290A3 (fr) 2014-02-26
DE102011116622A1 (de) 2013-04-25

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