EP2587070A2 - Ventilateur à géométrie variable et son procédé de commande - Google Patents

Ventilateur à géométrie variable et son procédé de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2587070A2
EP2587070A2 EP12188624.6A EP12188624A EP2587070A2 EP 2587070 A2 EP2587070 A2 EP 2587070A2 EP 12188624 A EP12188624 A EP 12188624A EP 2587070 A2 EP2587070 A2 EP 2587070A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
internal
ducts
blades
fan according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12188624.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Guido Rosati
Mattia Merlin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ROSATI FRATELLI Srl
Original Assignee
ROSATI FRATELLI Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ROSATI FRATELLI Srl filed Critical ROSATI FRATELLI Srl
Publication of EP2587070A2 publication Critical patent/EP2587070A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F04D29/382—Flexible blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/34—Blade mountings
    • F04D29/36—Blade mountings adjustable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to cooling fans, in particular, albeit not exclusively, for cooling the lubricant of internal-combustion engines of industrial vehicles and the like.
  • Fans of this sort traditionally comprise a rotating hub bearing a ring of blades: in order to regulate the flow of air generated in use by the fan, so as to guarantee optimal cooling conditions, it is known to modify the geometrical configuration of the blades.
  • each blade of the fan has an elastically deformable structure incorporating at least one lamina made of a shape-memory metal alloy designed to be heated to modify the profile of the blade and thus regulate the flow of air produced by the fan, even keeping the speed of rotation thereof unaltered. Heating of the laminas made of shape-memory alloy is obtained by the Joule effect, i.e., via the supply of appropriately controlled electric current through the laminas themselves.
  • variable-geometry fan of the type defined in the pre-characterizing part of Claim 1, the peculiar characteristic of which lies in the fact that the control means for applying thermal energy to the laminas made of shape-memory alloy of the blades so as to vary the geometry thereof include a circuit for circulation of a thermal fluid through internal channels of each blade.
  • the circulation circuit includes a first delivery and return line for a hot liquid, a second delivery and return line for a cold liquid, and respective solenoid valves driven by an electronic control unit as a function of the temperature of the engine lubricant to which the fan is to be operatively associated.
  • the electronic control unit can be programmed so as to drive the two solenoid valves according to different logics as a function of the need of use of the fan.
  • Yet a further object of the invention is a method for controlling the geometry of the blades of the variable-geometry fan.
  • variable-geometry fan which can be used, for example, for cooling the lubricant of the internal-combustion engine of an industrial vehicle, comprises, in a way generally in itself known, a hub 1 provided for being governed in rotation with usual modalities and fitted on the periphery of which is a ring of blades 2.
  • Each blade 2 is constituted by an elastically deformable body incorporating one or more laminas of a shape-memory alloy, generally according to what is described and illustrated in the aforesaid European patent application No. EP-2078865A2 .
  • each blade 2 is shaped with specific profiles appropriately studied with a view to maximizing the fluid-dynamic efficiency, and consists in a matrix made of a thermosetting or thermoplastic polymeric plate, possibly fibre-reinforced.
  • the solution that appears currently most promising from the industrial standpoint envisages the use of a thermoplastic material, for example, nylon, and injection-moulding manufacturing techniques.
  • each blade 2 can be made in the way represented schematically in Figure 7 , with two distinct half-shells 3, 4 formed with respective channels 5, 6. The two half-shells 3, 4 are then fitted together permanently via fixed joints 7, 8 (and/or gluing or else other equivalent systems) in such a way that the two channels 5, 6 are set facing one another so as to define an internal duct 9.
  • Said duct 9, the path of which can, for example, be the one represented schematically with a dashed line in Figure 6 defines a circuit for circulation of a thermal fluid, which will be described in what follows.
  • gaskets 10 for example, made of silicone material, inserted in corresponding facing recesses of the two half-shells 3, 4.
  • laminas 11 made of a shape-memory metal alloy.
  • the laminas 11 are made of an NiTi-based alloy, and are gripped between the half-shells 3, 4 along the middle of the channel 11. In this way, the opposite faces of each lamina 11 facing the channel 5 and the channel 6, respectively, in the way represented in Figure 7 , can be both lapped by the thermal fluid circulating along the duct 9.
  • each blade 2 is connected to a tubular connector 12, for example, screwed on the periphery of the hub 1 and in communication with a radial manifold or distributor, designated as a whole by 13 in Figure 2 , set within the hub 1 itself.
  • the radial distributor 13 communicates with an inlet duct 14 and with an outlet duct 15 set one inside another coaxially with respect to the hub 1 and rotating together with it.
  • the inlet duct 14 and the outlet duct 15 are rotatably fitted to respective stationary tubular connectors 16, 17 set radially with respect to the hub and in turn communicating with a double hydraulic circuit, represented schematically in Figure 2 and designated as a whole by 18.
  • each rotatable duct 14, 15 and the corresponding stationary connector 16, 17 is obtained by means of respective annular flanges 19, 20 and 21, 22 in mutual sliding contact, it being possible for said contact to be direct (in the way represented in Figure 8 ) or else envisage the use of annular sliding bearings 23, 24 set between the flanges 19, 20 and 21, 22 (in the way represented in Figure 9 ).
  • the double hydraulic circuit 18 includes a first delivery line 25 and a first return line 26 for circulation, via a pump 27, of a hot liquid coming from a reservoir 28, and a second delivery line 29 and a second return line 30 for circulation, via a pump 31, of a cold liquid coming from a reservoir 35.
  • the hot liquid and the cold liquid can be advantageously constituted by the cooling liquid or glycol itself of the internal-combustion engine to which the fan according to the invention is to be operatively associated.
  • the hot liquid of the reservoir 28 may consist of a certain amount of cooling glycol drawn off prior to its entry into the corresponding cooling radiator, whilst the cold liquid of the reservoir 35 may be the coolant itself leaving the radiator.
  • the cold liquid may come from an autonomous circuit distinct from that of the glycol for cooling the engine, as also the hot liquid may be supplied by an autonomous circuit.
  • Designated by 32 and 33 are two three-way solenoid valves that control the communication between the first delivery line 25 and the first return line 26 on one side, and between the second delivery line 29 and the second return line 30 on the other, with the stationary inlet duct 16 and rotating inlet duct 14 and with the stationary outlet duct 17 and rotating outlet duct 15 which are in turn connected, in the way clarified previously, with the ducts 9 of the blades 2 incorporating the shape-memory laminas 11.
  • the solenoid valves 32, 33 are operatively connected to an electronic control unit 34 that governs driving thereof, as a function of the temperature of the engine lubricant exposed to the flow generated by the fan, according to different logics that can be selectively modified through programming thereof.
  • an electronic control unit 34 that governs driving thereof, as a function of the temperature of the engine lubricant exposed to the flow generated by the fan, according to different logics that can be selectively modified through programming thereof.
  • a transducer of a conventional type is provided, not illustrated in the drawings, connected to the control unit 34.
  • the control logic exemplified in Figure 10 is of the on/off type: the activation of the shape-memory laminas 11 is connected to the maximum deformation attainable for a given arrangement of the laminas themselves.
  • the parameter that determines circulation of the hot/cold glycol is obviously the temperature of the lubricating oil detected inside the engine. If the temperature detected exceeds an upper threshold value (for example, 80°C), set in the testing stage, the electronic control unit 34 actuates the solenoid valves 32 and 33 so as to open the communication between the hot circuit (first delivery line 25, first return line 26) and the ducts 9 of the blades 2, through the inlet ducts 16, 14 and the outlet ducts 15, 17.
  • an upper threshold value for example 80°C
  • the glycol which is already at the temperature necessary to guarantee maximum deformation of the blade profile, thus circulates in the ducts 9.
  • a lower threshold value which also has been set in the testing stage (for example, 75°C)
  • the control unit 34 interrupts delivery of the hot liquid and opens the communication between the circuit of the cold liquid (second delivery line 29, second return line 30) and the ducts 9, until the blade geometry is brought back into the initial configuration as a result of return of the shape-memory laminas 11 into the starting position. This is obtained in a faster and more efficient way than in the case of a natural, i.e., non-forced, cooling of the laminas 11.
  • the deformation set will be equal to the maximum deformation attainable, in relation to the dimensions of the fan and for a given distribution of the shape-memory laminas 11 within each blade 2. Once these operating parameters are fixed it is possible to define the temperature of the hot glycol capable of ensuring the maximum expected deformation.
  • the second control logic is instead of a modular type: in the testing stage, all the variables that enable deformation of the blade profile to be brought about up to the required degree of deformation are determined.
  • the first decision regards the expected degree of deformation: this choice is strictly linked to the performance curve of the fan and to the type of the engine to which it is associated. Once these three parameters have been set, it is possible to derive the point of operation of the system and hence the temperature of the glycol that must be reached to guarantee the expected deformation. It follows, for example, that in the presence of fans of modest dimensions the temperature of the glycol capable of activating the shape-memory laminas 11 will be more contained than in the case of fans of larger dimensions.
  • activation of the shape-memory laminas 11 is governed as a function of the detected temperature of the engine lubricant.
  • the choice of not exploiting the maximum deformation of the shape-memory laminas 11, and hence of the blades 2 results in an energy saving deriving from a lower temperature of the incoming glycol, and in a longer fatigue life of the fan that is not used to the maximum of its potential.
  • the upper threshold temperature of the lubricant beyond which activation of the shape-memory laminas 11 occurs is assumed as being 80°C, and the lower threshold temperature 75°C.
  • the third control logic exemplified by the flowchart of Figure 12 is also of a modular type, like the previous one, but the decisions during testing regard, in addition to the expected degree of deformation, also the time t 1 necessary for completing the deformation, and hence the reduction of the temperature of the oil.
  • the cooling times are then evaluated in relation to a safety parameter ⁇ t, which is also set in the testing stage.
  • Activation is always determined by measuring the temperature of the engine lubricating oil, but the times fixed in the testing stage enter into play.
  • t 1 is assumed as being 120 s, and ⁇ t 50 s.
  • circulation of the hot glycol is activated.
  • a heater further heats the glycol above T G in such a way as to increase the level of deformation of the blade profile and enable return within the threshold value in the pre-set time.
  • this third control logic can be viewed in relation to the different environmental conditions in which the fan will operate in use. For example, in the case of operation at low winter temperatures, the conditions could be such as not to require heating of the glycol to a temperature T > T G , thus limiting the power absorbed.
  • optimization of the temperatures of transformation of the NiTi shape-memory laminas inserted within the blades can enable use of the hot fluid already present within the vehicle (glycol of the engine cooling system) for activation of the laminas themselves and consequent modification of the blade profile.
  • the hot glycol could be drawn off prior to its entry into the engine radiator and conveyed within the blades of the fan according to the modalities already indicated.
  • cooler fluid will be conveyed into the blades to favour subsequent cooling of the laminas and thus accelerate and favour return of the blades into their initial configuration.
  • colder glycol could be used by drawing it off at the outlet from the radiator (if ⁇ T is sufficient) or by providing a dedicated circuit of cooler fluid. In this way, stagnation of hot fluid within the blades is avoided, and return to the initial configuration, which will be facilitated by the convection effect of the flow of air that traverses the fan, is favoured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
EP12188624.6A 2011-10-28 2012-10-16 Ventilateur à géométrie variable et son procédé de commande Withdrawn EP2587070A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000986A ITTO20110986A1 (it) 2011-10-28 2011-10-28 Ventola a geometria variabile e metodo per il suo controllo

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2587070A2 true EP2587070A2 (fr) 2013-05-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12188624.6A Withdrawn EP2587070A2 (fr) 2011-10-28 2012-10-16 Ventilateur à géométrie variable et son procédé de commande

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US20130108442A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2587070A2 (fr)
IT (1) ITTO20110986A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107165861A (zh) * 2017-07-20 2017-09-15 梁水瑛 一种展翅扇

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107676300A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-09 广东飞鹿电器有限公司 一种工业用电风扇的扇叶结构
CN110005641B (zh) * 2018-01-04 2020-11-03 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 压气机叶片及压气机流动分离控制方法
US11644046B2 (en) * 2018-01-05 2023-05-09 Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation Composite fan blades with integral attachment mechanism
US11635262B2 (en) * 2018-12-20 2023-04-25 Deere & Company Rotary heat exchanger and system thereof
CN116379001A (zh) * 2023-04-20 2023-07-04 沃杰(北京)科技有限公司 一种高性能涡轮风机
CN118622747B (zh) * 2024-06-28 2025-03-18 天津大学 风冷柴油机改型风扇转速确定方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2078865A2 (fr) 2008-01-09 2009-07-15 Rosati Fratelli S.r.l. Ventilateur à géométrie variable et procédé de fabrication des pales associé

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61234299A (ja) * 1985-04-10 1986-10-18 Matsushita Refrig Co プロペラフアン装置
ITTO20010249A1 (it) * 2001-03-16 2002-09-16 Fiat Ricerche Ventola o elica, a memoria di forma.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2078865A2 (fr) 2008-01-09 2009-07-15 Rosati Fratelli S.r.l. Ventilateur à géométrie variable et procédé de fabrication des pales associé

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107165861A (zh) * 2017-07-20 2017-09-15 梁水瑛 一种展翅扇

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Publication number Publication date
ITTO20110986A1 (it) 2013-04-29
US20130108442A1 (en) 2013-05-02

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