EP2591299B1 - Appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration d'air destiné à une unité de distillation cryogénique d'air - Google Patents

Appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration d'air destiné à une unité de distillation cryogénique d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2591299B1
EP2591299B1 EP11726805.2A EP11726805A EP2591299B1 EP 2591299 B1 EP2591299 B1 EP 2591299B1 EP 11726805 A EP11726805 A EP 11726805A EP 2591299 B1 EP2591299 B1 EP 2591299B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bottles
tower
building
air
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11726805.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2591299A2 (fr
Inventor
Patrice Cavagne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Publication of EP2591299A2 publication Critical patent/EP2591299A2/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/0489—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the air fractionation unit, in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
    • F25J2205/32—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes as direct contact cooling tower to produce a cooled gas stream, e.g. direct contact after cooler [DCAC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air cooling and purification apparatus for a cryogenic air distillation unit.
  • a cryogenic distillation air separation apparatus In a cryogenic distillation air separation apparatus, the air is compressed in a compressor and then cooled by direct heat exchange with air in a cooling tower. The cooled air is then purified.
  • the purges in the air separation units mainly remove water and CO 2 from the air before entering the cryogenic distillation unit, placed in a cold box.
  • a set of valves and pipes allow the transit of the air to be purified and the impure nitrogen used for the regeneration of the purification bottles. This set of valves and pipes is placed "flat" on the ground and has a large footprint. The ratio of the height and length of the set is close to 1.
  • One of the ways to reduce the width of this set is, through a different piping design, to extend this set.
  • the ratio between the height and the width of the set becomes much less than 1.
  • the air cooling tower by direct contact with water is installed between the two purification bottles.
  • an apparatus for cooling and purifying an air flow comprising a cooling tower by direct contact with water, two purification bottles, each having an axis vertical, a pipe for sending water to the cooling tower, a pipe for sending air to the cooling tower, the tower being disposed between the two bottles, a pipe for sending cooled air from the tower to the purification bottles and a set of valves and pipes for connecting the two bottles to the cooling tower, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a building, the assembly being located inside the building and the two bottles and the tower being outside the building, the two bottles and the set being placed on either side of a wall of the building, the bottles being placed along the wall, on the same side of the wall as tower.
  • an air separation apparatus comprising a cooling and purification apparatus as described above.
  • the air separation apparatus may comprise a compressor in the building which is an air compressor connected to the cooling tower and / or a turbine, in the building, which is an air turbine connected to the bottles of purification and / or a distillation column in the building and connected to the purification bottles.
  • the apparatus comprises a cooling tower 1 by direct contact with water, two purification bottles 3A, 3B for purifying air in water and CO 2 and a building 5 containing at least one set of pipes 7 and valves to allow air from the tower 1 to be sent to the bottles 3A, 3B.
  • Some of the pipes of the assembly 7 pass through the wall 9 of the building 5.
  • the wall 9 is the longest wall of the building 5 which is of rectangular section. The ratio between the length of the wall 9 and the width of the building is preferably greater than 2.
  • the ratio between the dimension of the assembly 7 in the vertical direction and the dimension in the horizontal direction is less than 1.
  • the two bottles 3A, 3B and the tower are arranged along the wall 9 so that their centers seen from above form a straight line parallel to the wall.
  • the tower is arranged on the center line between the two bottles.
  • the tower 1 may be slightly closer to or further from the wall 9 than the two bottles 3A, 3B so that the centers of the tower and the two bottles form an obtuse angle triangle.
  • the building 5 may also contain a compressor and / or a turbine and / or a distillation column of the air separation apparatus of which the cooling and purification apparatus is part.
  • the air separation apparatus may comprise a compressor in the building 5 which is an air compressor connected to the cooling tower 1 and / or a turbine, in the building 5, which is an air turbine connected to the purification bottles 3A, 3B and / or a distillation column in the building 5 and connected to the purification bottles 3A, 3B.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Description

  • La présente invention est relative à un appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration d'air destiné à une unité de distillation cryogénique d'air.
  • Dans un appareil de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique, l'air est comprimé dans un compresseur et ensuite refroidi par échange de chaleur directe avec de l'air dans une tour de refroidissement. L'air refroidi est ensuite épuré. Les épurations dans les unités de séparation d'air permettent de retirer principalement l'eau et le CO2 de l'air avant l'entrée dans l'unité de distillation cryogénique, placée dans une boîte froide. Un ensemble de vannes et tuyauteries permettent le transit de l'air à épurer et l'azote impur qui sert à la régénération des bouteilles d'épuration. Cet ensemble de vannes et tuyaux est posé «à plat» au sol et y présente un encombrement important. Le rapport de la hauteur et la longueur de l'ensemble est proche de 1.
  • Lors de l'installation de cet ensemble de vannes et tuyaux à l'intérieur d'un nouveau bâtiment (pour des raisons de très grand froid ou chaud ou tout autre) il est intéressant de réduire la largeur de cet ensemble pour réduire la largeur du bâtiment à construire. De même pour l'installation de cet ensemble dans un bâtiment existant (plutôt long et pas large) réduire la largeur de cet ensemble tuyauteries et vannes peut aider considérablement.
  • Un des moyens de réduire la largeur de cet ensemble est, par l'intermédiaire d'une conception des tuyauteries différente, d'allonger cet ensemble. Le rapport entre la hauteur et la largeur de l'ensemble devient très inférieur à 1.
  • De ce fait, l'entraxe de ces bouteilles d'épuration liées à cet ensemble va aussi s'allonger.
  • Un appareil selon le préambule de la revendication 1 est décrit dans EP-A-1672301 .
  • Selon l'invention, la tour de refroidissement d'air par contact direct avec l'eau est installée entre les deux bouteilles d'épuration.
  • Selon un objet de l'invention, il est prévu un appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration d'un débit d'air comprenant une tour de refroidissement par contact direct avec de l'eau, deux bouteilles d'épuration, ayant chacune un axe vertical, une conduite pour envoyer de l'eau à la tour de refroidissement, une conduite pour envoyer de l'air à la tour de refroidissement, la tour étant disposée entre les deux bouteilles, une conduite pour envoyer de l'air refroidi de la tour aux bouteilles d'épuration et un ensemble de vannes et de tuyaux permettant de relier les deux bouteilles à la tour de refroidissement, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil comprend un bâtiment, l'ensemble étant situé à l'intérieur du bâtiment et les deux bouteilles et la tour étant à l'extérieur du bâtiment, les deux bouteilles et l'ensemble étant placés de part et d'autre d'un mur du bâtiment, les bouteilles étant placés le long du mur, du même côté du mur que la tour.
  • Selon d'autres caractéristiques facultatives de l'appareil :
    • le centre de la tour vu d'en haut est située sur la ligne médiane entre les centres des deux bouteilles vu d'en haut ;
    • les centres des deux bouteilles et de la tour vu d'en haut forment une ligne droite ;
    • les centres des deux bouteilles et de la tour vu d'en haute forment un triangle à angle obtus ;
    • le bâtiment contient également au moins un compresseur et/ou au moins une turbine et/ou au moins une colonne à distiller ;
    • le rapport entre la dimension de l'ensemble dans le sens vertical et la dimension dans le sens horizontal est inférieur à 1 ;
    • le mur constitue le mur le plus long du bâtiment, le bâtiment étant de section rectangulaire ;
    • le rapport entre la longueur du mur et la largeur du bâtiment est supérieur à 2.
  • Selon un autre objet de l'invention, il est prévu un appareil de séparation d'air comprenant un appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration tel que décrit ci-dessus.
  • L'appareil de séparation d'air peut comprendre un compresseur dans le bâtiment qui est un compresseur d'air relié à la tour de refroidissement et/ou une turbine, dans le bâtiment, qui est une turbine d'air reliée aux bouteilles d'épuration et/ou une colonne de distillation dans le bâtiment et reliée aux bouteilles d'épuration.
  • L'invention sera décrite en plus de détail en se référant à la figure. Dans la Figure 1 est illustré un appareil selon l'invention.
  • L'appareil comprend une tour de refroidissement 1 par contact direct avec de l'eau, deux bouteilles d'épuration 3A, 3B pour épurer l'air en eau et en CO2 et un bâtiment 5 contenant au moins un ensemble 7 de tuyaux et de vannes pour permettre l'air provenant de la tour 1 d'être envoyé aux bouteilles 3A, 3B. Certains des tuyaux de l'ensemble 7 traversent le mur 9 du bâtiment 5. Le mur 9 est le mur le plus long du bâtiment 5 qui est de section rectangulaire. Le rapport entre la longueur du mur 9 et la largeur du bâtiment est de préférence supérieur à 2.
  • Le rapport entre la dimension de l'ensemble 7 dans le sens vertical et la dimension dans le sens horizontal est inférieur à 1.
  • Les deux bouteilles 3A, 3B et la tour sont disposées le long du mur 9 de sorte que leurs centres vus d'en haut forment une ligne droite parallèle au mur. La tour est disposée sur la ligne médiane entre les deux bouteilles.
  • La tour 1 peut être légèrement plus proche ou plus loin du mur 9 que les deux bouteilles 3A, 3B de sorte que les centres de la tour et des deux bouteilles forment un triangle à angle obtus.
  • Le bâtiment 5 peut également contenir un compresseur et/ou une turbine et/ou une colonne de distillation de l'appareil de séparation d'air dont l'appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration fait partie.
  • L'appareil de séparation d'air peut comprendre un compresseur dans le bâtiment 5 qui est un compresseur d'air relié à la tour de refroidissement 1 et/ou une turbine, dans le bâtiment 5, qui est une turbine d'air reliée aux bouteilles d'épuration 3A, 3B et/ou une colonne de distillation dans le bâtiment 5 et reliée aux bouteilles d'épuration 3A,3B.

Claims (14)

  1. Appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration d'un débit d'air comprenant une tour de refroidissement (1) par contact direct avec de l'eau, deux bouteilles d'épuration (3A, 3B), ayant chacune un axe vertical, une conduite pour envoyer de l'eau à la tour de refroidissement, la tour étant disposée entre les deux bouteilles, une conduite pour envoyer de l'air à la tour de refroidissement et une conduite pour envoyer de l'air refroidi de la tour aux bouteilles d'épuration et un ensemble de vannes et de tuyaux (7) permettant de relier les deux bouteilles à la tour de refroidissement, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un bâtiment (5), l'ensemble étant situé à l'intérieur du bâtiment (5) et les deux bouteilles et la tour étant à l'extérieur du bâtiment, les deux bouteilles et l'ensemble étant placés de part et d'autre d'un mur (9) du bâtiment, les bouteilles étant placés le long du mur, du même côté du mur que la tour.
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1 dans lequel le centre de la tour (1) vu d'en haut est située sur la ligne médiane entre les centres des deux bouteilles (3A, 3B) vu d'en haut.
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 2 dans lequel les centres des deux bouteilles (3A, 3B) et de la tour (1) vu d'en haut forment une ligne droite.
  4. Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 2 dans lequel les centres des deux bouteilles (3A, 3B) et de la tour (1) vu d'en haut forment un triangle à angle obtus.
  5. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel le bâtiment (5) contient également au moins un compresseur et/ou au moins une turbine et/ou au moins une colonne à distiller.
  6. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel le rapport entre la dimension de l'ensemble (7) dans le sens vertical et la dimension dans le sens horizontal est inférieure à 1.
  7. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel le mur (9) constitue le mur le plus long du bâtiment (5), le bâtiment étant de section rectangulaire.
  8. Appareil selon la revendication 7 dans lequel le rapport entre la longueur du mur (9) et la largeur du bâtiment (5) est supérieur à 2.
  9. Appareil selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel la tour (1) est plus proche du mur (9) que les deux bouteilles (3A, 3B).
  10. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8 dans lequel la tour (1) est plus loin du mur (9) que les deux bouteilles (3A, 3B).
  11. Appareil de séparation d'air comprenant un appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10.
  12. Appareil de séparation d'air comprenant un appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration selon la revendication 5 dans lequel le compresseur est un compresseur d'air relié à la tour de refroidissement.
  13. Appareil de séparation d'air comprenant un appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration selon la revendication 5 dans lequel la turbine est une turbine d'air reliée aux bouteilles d'épuration.
  14. Appareil de séparation d'air comprenant un appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration selon la revendication 5 dans lequel la colonne de distillation est une colonne de distillation d'air reliée aux bouteilles d'épuration.
EP11726805.2A 2010-07-09 2011-06-22 Appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration d'air destiné à une unité de distillation cryogénique d'air Active EP2591299B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1055603A FR2962526B1 (fr) 2010-07-09 2010-07-09 Appareil de refroidissement et d'epuration d'air destine a une unite de distillation cryogenique d'air
PCT/EP2011/060417 WO2012004125A2 (fr) 2010-07-09 2011-06-22 Appareil de refroidissement et d'epuration d'air destine a une unite de distillation cryogenique d'air

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2591299A2 EP2591299A2 (fr) 2013-05-15
EP2591299B1 true EP2591299B1 (fr) 2018-10-17

Family

ID=43868145

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11726805.2A Active EP2591299B1 (fr) 2010-07-09 2011-06-22 Appareil de refroidissement et d'épuration d'air destiné à une unité de distillation cryogénique d'air

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20130152629A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2591299B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103299146B (fr)
CA (1) CA2803147C (fr)
FR (1) FR2962526B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2557151C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA107597C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012004125A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3143412A (en) * 1960-11-28 1964-08-04 Dravo Corp Method of enriching the oxygen content of air supplied to blast furnaces
FR2695714B1 (fr) * 1992-09-16 1994-10-28 Maurice Grenier Installation de traitement cryogénique, notamment de distillation d'air.
FR2706025B1 (fr) * 1993-06-03 1995-07-28 Air Liquide Installation de distillation d'air.
FR2774752B1 (fr) * 1998-02-06 2000-06-16 Air Liquide Installation de distillation d'air et boite froide correspondante
DE10342788A1 (de) * 2003-09-15 2005-04-07 Linde Ag Coldbox
EP1666823A1 (fr) * 2004-12-03 2006-06-07 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Installation pour la séparation cryogénique d'un mélange gazeux en particulier d'air
FR2929385A1 (fr) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-02 Air Liquide Appareil et procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2962526A1 (fr) 2012-01-13
CA2803147C (fr) 2018-04-17
CA2803147A1 (fr) 2012-01-12
CN103299146A (zh) 2013-09-11
CN103299146B (zh) 2016-02-10
WO2012004125A3 (fr) 2013-10-10
US20130152629A1 (en) 2013-06-20
EP2591299A2 (fr) 2013-05-15
WO2012004125A2 (fr) 2012-01-12
RU2013105495A (ru) 2014-08-20
UA107597C2 (uk) 2015-01-26
FR2962526B1 (fr) 2014-07-04
RU2557151C2 (ru) 2015-07-20

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