EP2595775A2 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en fonte nodulaire de grandes dimensions - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en fonte nodulaire de grandes dimensions

Info

Publication number
EP2595775A2
EP2595775A2 EP11732466.5A EP11732466A EP2595775A2 EP 2595775 A2 EP2595775 A2 EP 2595775A2 EP 11732466 A EP11732466 A EP 11732466A EP 2595775 A2 EP2595775 A2 EP 2595775A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
welding
edge
components
iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11732466.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Brussk
Torsten-Ulf Kern
Karsten Niepold
Shilun Sheng
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP11732466.5A priority Critical patent/EP2595775A2/fr
Publication of EP2595775A2 publication Critical patent/EP2595775A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1225—Particular aspects of welding with a non-consumable tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/0213—Narrow gap welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/001—Turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/06—Cast-iron alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/11—Iron
    • F05D2300/111—Cast iron

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a large-sized component made of ductile iron.
  • Ductile iron is a ductile iron, with kos ⁇ -effectively as standard large-size components Herge ⁇ provides can be.
  • the geometrical dimensions of a steam turbine in the upper hobe ⁇ rich as they are used for example in steam power plants to generate electricity, but are so large that problems can occur during casting of nodular iron.
  • the probability is high at play as ⁇ that irregularities and defects occur in a derar- term steam turbine casing, the strength of the steam turbine casing be ⁇ harmonious.
  • Such a repair welding method is, for example, cold welding with an iron-nickel alloy. In the conventional cold welding process, however, a welded joint is produced whose strength is below the strength of ductile iron. This alone makes the cold welding process unsuitable for large-area joint welds.
  • Another method is hot welding, which, however, can only be carried out with a component preheating in the range from 500 ° C. to 600 ° C. and subsequent heat post-treatment. The hot welding is therefore very complex and produces a distortion of the component, so that the hot welding is not suitable for a large-area joint welding of ductile iron.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a component of ductile iron, wherein the component has large dimensions and yet a high strength in all Be ⁇ rich.
  • the inventive method for producing a component made of ductile iron comprises the steps of: construction of the building ⁇ partly in such a way that the component of a plurality composed of component ⁇ components that are placed against each other under formation of butt joints, and are sized and configured to without critical imperfections in their ductile cast iron material; Manufacture of the first component component made of nodular cast iron and the second Bauteilkom ⁇ component of ductile iron, cast steel or forged steel; few ⁇ wise provision of the structural components, a first of said structural components and a second of the structural components are provided to the adjacent adjacent to each other, the two in which a peripheral edge of an edge portion of the first component ⁇ component and a peripheral edge of an edge portion th component component one of the parting lines is formed;
  • the welding ⁇ filler material used in the welding of the edge portions is formed on a nickel base, insbeson ⁇ particular with SG-SG-NiTi4 or NiCu30MnTi.
  • the nickel-based material has a lower melting point and a higher corrosion resistance than the spheroidal graphite cast ⁇ .
  • a disintegration of the radially symmetric crystal aggregates (the so-called. Sphotite) of ductile iron and the concomitant impairment of the material properties is thus counteracted.
  • the friction stir welding method is be ⁇ vorzugt both sides perform this being particularly advantageous at larger wall thicknesses of the parting line.
  • the component is formed from the plurality of component components, wherein unacceptable irregularities and defects in ductile iron are prevented in the component components.
  • no upper limit is in the construction of the component principally due to the use of nodular cast iron out ⁇ clearly the strength of the component and the final size set. Structural changes are, in particular, hardening in the heat-affected zone as well as destruction of the matrix of the base material due to high heat input.
  • the device components by a GMAW welding method are joined together with a power-reduced short light ⁇ arc, a welding abschmel ⁇ collapsing electrode is used, and the melt of the electrode alloyed the nodular cast iron of the peripheral edges.
  • the welding process carried out in this way enables a large-area connection welding of the spheroidal cast iron components.
  • This welded joint has mechanical properties that are advantageously similar to those of spheroidal graphite iron. Thereby may be large-sized, the construction ⁇ part, wherein the component is made up of small, non-critical component by casting components. Thus, the probability of unacceptable irregu ⁇ regularities and flaws is small in the component and the assemblability of the large-sized component allows.
  • the cast steel and / or the forged steel on a 0.5 to 2.5 Cr or 8 to 15 Cr composition with at least one further alloying element, so that a hardening in the nodular cast iron during welding of the edge portions is omitted.
  • the steel cast and / or forged steel has ge ⁇ Gurss this development a chromium content of 0.5% to 2.5% or 8% to 15% and in particular has several alloying which has a composition which minimizes hardening in the spheroidal casting as a result of the mixing of steel and spheroidal graphite cast iron in the melt produced during welding.
  • the method according to the invention can be used for a repair of the component in that a damaged section is cut out of the component and replaced by a new section.
  • the new section is welded using the method according to the invention in the existing component.
  • the inventive method further materials, such as steel example ⁇ cast or forged parts, with the ductile iron are beneficial weldable.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for construction welding.
  • a welding process is preferably used with a narrow weld in order to achieve a small heat affected zone ⁇ .
  • the welding process is preferably a CMT, a cold-arc process or a comparable process.
  • Cold-arc process the course followed by the electrical ⁇ rule voltage the same course followed by the electric voltage in the conventional short arc process, but is used during Cold-arc process, the electrical voltage as Füh ⁇ proxy for a control of the current intensity.
  • the current is adapted to the process controllable where ⁇ is by the introduced in the ductile iron energy amount control ⁇ bar.
  • the cold-arc process is gentle, whereby an otherwise thermally induced Strukturverände ⁇ tion is avoided in spheroidal graphite iron.
  • a more equal schmelzflwithige tip of the electrode can be ⁇ he testifies by targeted high levels of the current after the re-ignition, whereby the process flow can proceed smoothly and mate ⁇ rialschonend.
  • the parting line is preferably designed as a narrow gap. This advantageously increases the productivity tivity of the welding process and thus reduces the production costs of such a created component.
  • the energy-reduced short arc oscillates during the welding process transversely to a welding direction, the oscillating short arc preferably depending on its deflection position, by using at least one characteristic of an associated
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an inventive ⁇ SEN disclosed embodiment of the component
  • Fig. 2 a cross section of the edge portions of a first
  • FIG. 3 a cross-section of FIG. 2 after the herstel ⁇ averaging step, wherein the welding is carried out using a friction stir welding method.
  • a component is shown as a steam turbine low-pressure inner housing 1.
  • the housing 1 is composed of a plurality of component components, in particular a first component component 2 and a second component component 3.
  • the component components 2, 3 are placed against one another and form a parting line 8.
  • the component components 2, 3 are dimensioned and designed so that they can be produced without critical defects in their material from ductile iron.
  • one of the components 2 or 3 made of a steel material with a 0.5 to 2.5 Cr or 8 to 15 Cr composition may be formed with at least one further alloying element.
  • the first component component 2 has an edge section 4, which is arranged directly next to an edge section 5 of the second component component 3.
  • the Randab ⁇ section 4 of the first component part 2 is bounded by a boundary edge ⁇ 6 which bears flush against a peripheral edge 7, which delimits the edge portion 5 of the second structural component. 3
  • the parting line 8 is formed by the peripheral edges 6, 7.
  • the parting line 8 is present as narrow-gap joint ge ⁇ forms.
  • the first component component 2 and the second component component 3 are separately in a
  • Ductile iron method made of ductile iron. The risk is low that form in the component components 2, 3 critical defects.
  • the component components 2 and 3 are placed with their edge portions 4 and 5 to each other, so that the parting line 8 is ⁇ forms.
  • the parting line 8 is processed by means of a cold-arc process, so that a weld seam 9 forms on the parting line 8.
  • Cold arc process a trailing melting electrode with a welding filler material on a nickel-based (SG-NiCu3 OMnTi or SG-NiTi4) is used.
  • the liquefied edge portions 4 and 5 are alloyed in such a way that a structure ⁇ change (so-called. Spherulites) by a disintegration of the radially symmetrical crystal aggregates of ductile iron does not occur.
  • the welding process is carried out in such a way that a high welding depth, a narrow weld pool and a small heat affected zone are used.
  • the two component components 2 and 3 are joined together by means of a friction stir welding method.
  • a wear-resistant, rotating tool (not shown) thermal energy into two adjoining edges 6, 7 introduced, wherein the tool in the direction of the arrow 10 between the marginal edges 6, 7 is pressed.
  • the marginal edges 6, 7 heat up to just below their melting point and thus become plastically deformable.
  • their materials are fluidized by the continuous rotation of the tool and ver ⁇ mixed.
  • a weld seam 9 forms on the marginal edges 6, 7 after it has hardened.
  • the friction stir welding takes place on both sides of the parting line 8, wherein two tools at the same time, one in the direction of the arrow 10 and the other ⁇ in the direction of the arrow 11, between the marginal edges 6, 7 are pressed.
  • Arrows 12 and 13 show the respective Rota ⁇ tion direction of the two tools.
  • Arrow 14 shows the directions in which the tools in the sub-gap 8 are moved back and forth.
  • Both during welding with the cold-arc process and the friction stir welding process is an assembly of a component made of nodular cast iron with a component component of a steel material, in particular a cast or forged ⁇ steel, the composition 0.5 to 2.5 Cr or 8 to 15 Cr and other alloying elements in the steel material possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en fonte nodulaire, comprenant les étapes suivantes : construction de la pièce (1) de telle sorte que la pièce (1) est composée d'une pluralité de composants de pièce (2, 3) qui sont rapprochés les uns des autres en formant des joints de séparation (8) et sont dimensionnés et configurés de telle sorte qu'ils peuvent être moulés en fonte nodulaire sans lacunes critiques dans leur matériau ; mise à disposition des composants de pièce (2, 3) par paires, un des joints de séparation (8) étant formé par une arête de bord (6) d'une partie de bord (4) du premier composant de pièce (2) et une arête de bord (7) d'une partie de bord (5) du deuxième composant de pièce (3) ; placement du deuxième composant de pièce (3) par sa partie de bord (5) contre la partie de bord (4) du premier composant de pièce (2), de sorte que les arêtes de bord (6, 7) s'appliquent l'une contre l'autre ; soudage des parties de bord (4, 5), de sorte que le joint de séparation (8) formé par les parties de bord (4, 5) est soudé et que le premier et le deuxième composants de pièce (2, 3) sont ainsi fixés ensemble, le premier et le deuxième composants de pièce (2, 3) formant ainsi au moins en partie la pièce (1). Selon l'invention, on utilise pour le soudage un procédé de soudage sous atmosphère protectrice avec un arc court à énergie réduite qui est produit au moyen d'une électrode fondant lors du soudage, le métal fondu de l'électrode étant transféré sur la fonte nodulaire des arêtes de bord (6, 7), ou un procédé de soudage par friction malaxage avec lequel les parties de bord (4, 5) sont soudées avec un apport minimal d'énergie, de sorte qu'il n'y a pas de destruction de la structure de la fonte nodulaire lors du soudage des parties de bord (4, 5).
EP11732466.5A 2010-07-22 2011-07-15 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en fonte nodulaire de grandes dimensions Withdrawn EP2595775A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11732466.5A EP2595775A2 (fr) 2010-07-22 2011-07-15 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en fonte nodulaire de grandes dimensions

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10007627A EP2409806A1 (fr) 2010-07-22 2010-07-22 Procédé de fabrication d'un composant de grande taille en fonte nodulaire
EP11732466.5A EP2595775A2 (fr) 2010-07-22 2011-07-15 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en fonte nodulaire de grandes dimensions
PCT/EP2011/062141 WO2012010513A2 (fr) 2010-07-22 2011-07-15 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en fonte nodulaire de grandes dimensions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2595775A2 true EP2595775A2 (fr) 2013-05-29

Family

ID=43436568

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10007627A Withdrawn EP2409806A1 (fr) 2010-07-22 2010-07-22 Procédé de fabrication d'un composant de grande taille en fonte nodulaire
EP11732466.5A Withdrawn EP2595775A2 (fr) 2010-07-22 2011-07-15 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en fonte nodulaire de grandes dimensions

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10007627A Withdrawn EP2409806A1 (fr) 2010-07-22 2010-07-22 Procédé de fabrication d'un composant de grande taille en fonte nodulaire

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2409806A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103025467B (fr)
WO (1) WO2012010513A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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CN107423469A (zh) * 2017-04-21 2017-12-01 太原科技大学 一种06Cr19Ni9NbN钢锻透的判定方法

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CN103658925B (zh) * 2013-12-05 2016-10-05 江苏新时代造船有限公司 厚板材与铸钢件焊接工艺
US10086469B2 (en) * 2015-09-04 2018-10-02 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Mechanical dimpling for vapor expression in welding
CN106270966B (zh) * 2016-08-26 2019-01-25 常州华德机械有限公司 一种焊接低温球铁与锰钢板的工艺方法
DE102017219704A1 (de) * 2017-11-07 2019-05-09 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils
CN108296625B (zh) * 2018-02-09 2020-06-30 西京学院 一种基于搅拌摩擦焊的异种厚度球墨铸铁连接方法

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CN107423469A (zh) * 2017-04-21 2017-12-01 太原科技大学 一种06Cr19Ni9NbN钢锻透的判定方法
CN107423469B (zh) * 2017-04-21 2020-06-26 太原科技大学 一种06Cr19Ni9NbN钢锻透的判定方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103025467A (zh) 2013-04-03
CN103025467B (zh) 2016-03-23
WO2012010513A2 (fr) 2012-01-26
EP2409806A1 (fr) 2012-01-25
WO2012010513A3 (fr) 2013-01-03

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