EP2598607A2 - Processus et agents pour élimination de métaux contenus dans des fractions d'hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition élevé - Google Patents

Processus et agents pour élimination de métaux contenus dans des fractions d'hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition élevé

Info

Publication number
EP2598607A2
EP2598607A2 EP11741548.9A EP11741548A EP2598607A2 EP 2598607 A2 EP2598607 A2 EP 2598607A2 EP 11741548 A EP11741548 A EP 11741548A EP 2598607 A2 EP2598607 A2 EP 2598607A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sulfur
hydrocarbon
hydrocarbon fraction
demetallizing agent
sulfur source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11741548.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ingo Bauer
Rudolf BÖNSCH
Ute Raab-Brill
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP2598607A2 publication Critical patent/EP2598607A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
    • C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
    • C10G29/28—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms containing sulfur as the only hetero atom, e.g. mercaptans, or sulfur and oxygen as the only hetero atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G19/00—Refining hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment
    • C10G19/02—Refining hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
    • C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1022—Fischer-Tropsch products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
    • C10G2300/201—Impurities
    • C10G2300/205—Metal content

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for the removal of metals from high- boiling hydrocarbon fractions as well as agents to their removal.
  • the invention relates to a process and agents to separate nickel, cobalt and aluminum contaminants originating from catalysts and con- tained in the primary products of a hydrocarbon synthesis, e.g. pursuant to the Fischer-Tropsch process.
  • Hydrocarbons can be generated as synthesis products from chemical- catalytic processes like for example the Fischer-Tropsch process, the basics of which have been described in great detail in specialist literature, e.g. in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, sixth Edition, 1998 Electronic Release, key word “Coal Liquefaction", chapter 2.2 “Fischer- Tropsch Synthesis”.
  • a modern process variant is the conversion of syn- thesis gas in a suspension of solid, fine-grain catalyst in the liquid product hydrocarbons (so-called slurry process).
  • high-activity catalysts are used whose active components contain metals such as cobalt and a support material such as alumina, as described in US patent US 4801573.
  • heavy metal contamination In addition to the heavy metal contamination also contamination with the metal of the catalyst support matrix (e.g. aluminum) is observed.
  • the metal contamination described may be disruptive for a further chemical- catalytic conversion of the product hydrocarbons since it may act as catalyst poison.
  • heavy metal contamination irrespective in which substance it is contained, represents a potential environmental and health hazard.
  • nickel and cobalt have to be mentioned here which are classified as carcinogenic.
  • both heavy metals represent valuable catalyst elements that should be recycled in order to prevent losses.
  • the prior art already knows various processes for the separation of metal contaminants from hydrocarbons.
  • German patent publication DE 1212662 describes a process for the treatment of hydrocarbon oils for the purpose of removing metallic con- taminants that are detrimental for the catalysts used for their conversion.
  • a solution of hydrogen fluoride in an organic solvent whereby the metals are converted into a hardly soluble precipitate that can be separated in a downstream step by means of a mechanical separation process.
  • the use of a highly reactive, gaseous hydrogen fluoride for the preparation of the treatment solution represents a downside for reasons of occupational safety and handling.
  • the DE patent application 2346058 shows a process for the removal of metal-containing impurities from a hydrocarbon material by contacting this material with a catalyst under hydrogenation conditions whereby the metal-containing contaminants are reduced to an elementary metal that is separated from the hydrocarbon phase as a precipitate.
  • the downside of this process is the complex process control to ensure a largely complete hydrogenation of the metallic contaminants while at the same time avoiding the hydrogenating cracking of the hydrocarbons.
  • the US patent US 4518484 describes a process for the treatment of metal-containing hydrocarbon feed streams that involves the following steps: (a) contacting the hydrocarbon feed streams in an extraction zone with at least one hydrocarbon solvent containing from 2 to 10 carbon atoms per molecule under supercritical conditions in the presence of a demetalliz- ing agent based on an organophosphorus chemical, (b) recovering an overhead stream from the extraction zone that contains hydrocarbons substantially reduced in contaminating metals content and a bottoms product that contains the metal-laden solvent.
  • a demetalliz- ing agent based on an organophosphorus chemical
  • the underlying task of the present invention therefore is to present a simple technology for the removal of metal contaminants from high- boiling hydrocarbon fractions and adequate means for performing such removal characterized by a simple process - in particular one without the use of aqueous media - that can be applied without the use of substances involving a high risk potential.
  • the solution as per this invention mainly results from the features of the characterising portion claim 1 in conjunction with the features of the precharacterising portion of the claim in that - in a process to obtain a hydrocarbon fraction with a low metals content, whereby the metals in the hydrocarbon fraction are chemically bonded or dispersed in colloidal or finely dispersed form in the hydrocarbon fraction, a demetallizing agent is added to the liquid hydrocarbon fraction that comprises the following components:
  • the metals are precipitated in the form of a hardly soluble precipitate and separated by means of a mechanical separation process.
  • the invention also relates to a demetallizing agent as per claims 2 through 6 and 10.
  • the feed hydrocarbon fraction to be treated must be liquid.
  • Waxlike hydrocarbons like for example those obtained as a product of the Fischer-Tropsch process, must be molten prior to the treatment, where necessary.
  • Metal ion Sulfide ion Metal(II) sulfide
  • a base that is at least partially soluble in the hydrocarbon. Examples could be ammonia, amines, alkanol amines, pyridines, ammonium, phosphonium and sulfonium compounds; in principle, also other basic compounds are possible that are at least partially soluble in the hydrocarbon phase to be treated.
  • a sulfur source examples include: organic sulfur compounds such as thiourea, thiocarbonates, dithiocarbo- nates, thiocarbamates, dithiocarbamates, mercaptanes, organic disulfides, organic polysulfides, thioacid amides; inorganic sulfur compounds such as gaseous hydrogen sulfide, ammonium sulfide, inorganic monosulfides, inorganic disulfides, inorganic polysulfides or elementary sulfur.
  • any sulfur-containing compound can be used in the present invention that is in a position to produce or provide sulfide ions and/or active sulfur atoms for the precipitation reaction under the process conditions.
  • elementary sulfur is used as a sulfur source. It can be added to the hydrocarbon fraction to be treated as a powder while stirring, whereby it dissolves homogenously in the hy- drocarbon.
  • the process as per the present invention is conducted using a demetallizing agent comprising sulfur- impregnated activated carbon as its sulfur source.
  • a demetallizing agent comprising sulfur- impregnated activated carbon as its sulfur source.
  • sulfur-impregnated activated carbon that is added as a powder or as a shaped body, e.g. in the form of extrudates, retains its texture and cha- racteristics and can be separated easily by means of a mechanical separation process.
  • gaseous hydrogen sulfide as a sulfur source is added to the hydrocarbon fraction.
  • the separation of the metal-containing, hardly soluble precipitate as per the present invention is done by means of a mechanical separation process, preferably by filtration, sedimentation, decantation or centrifu- gation, or combinations thereof.
  • sulfur- impregnated activated carbon is used as a demetallizing agent and, after addition of a base, the hydrocarbon fraction to be treated is fed to a fixed bed reactor containing a bed of this demetallizing agent, whereby a metal-depleted hydrocarbon fraction is withdrawn as a product from the fixed bed reactor. This way, the effort required for separating the metal- containing, hardly soluble precipitate is reduced to a minimum.
  • the sulfur content of the hydrocarbon fraction obtained as a product is increased signifi- cantly as compared to that of the feed hydrocarbon fraction. This might be advantageous depending on the type of intended use or for the processing of the product hydrocarbon fraction.
  • the hydrocarbon synthesis according to the Fischer-Tropsch process where long-chain, waxlike hydrocarbon products are selectively generated, is often followed by a hydrocracking step that serves to generate short-chain hydrocarbons, like for example a diesel fraction or an Otto fuel fraction.
  • a hydrocracking step that serves to generate short-chain hydrocarbons, like for example a diesel fraction or an Otto fuel fraction.
  • catalysts on a cobalt-molybdenum basis are used that reach their end activity through a prior sulfur treatment.
  • the further embodiment of the process as per the present invention provides for the use of the demetallized hydrocarbon fraction obtained in the process as per the present invention as a sulfur donor for the activation of sulfur-activated catalysts on the grounds of their higher sulfur content.
  • a higher sulfur content in the hydrocarbon fraction treated as per the present invention is not always acceptable.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the invention therefore provides for the use of organic sulfur compounds, preferably mercaptanes, and more specifically trimercapto-s- triazine, as the sulfur-containing demetallizing agent.
  • use of this component only results in a low increase of the sulfur content in the hydrocarbon fraction treated as per the present invention compared to the use of demetallizing agents on the basis of elementary sulfur.
  • Example 3 On stopping the stirring, a black-brown precipitate very quickly settled at the bottom of the reaction vessel. This precipitate was very easy to remove from the reaction mixture with the help of a folded filter.
  • the analysis of the filtrate did not show any de- tectable concentration of nickel, cobalt and aluminum (detection limit 5 ppm).
  • the sulfur content in the filtrate amounted to around 250 ppm, i.e. it was significantly higher than that in Example 1. This suggests that there is a possibility to control the sulfur content of the hydrocarbon product by the corresponding addition of the sulfur source above the stoichiometric quantity required for complete metal separation in order to optimally adjust it to downstream process steps, e.g. the sulfur activation of a Co-Mo hydrocracking catalyst. On the other hand and where required, the sulfur content in the hydrocarbon product can be reduced to a minimum by way of the corresponding metering.
  • Example 3 Example 3
  • Example 1 The test from Example 1 was repeated under the same conditions and with the same feed hydrocarbon mixture but without the addition of trie- thanol amine or another base. Even when heating to 180 C no color change of the hydrocarbon phase and no precipitation could be observed. The subsequent XRF analysis of the hydrocarbon showed an unchanged metal content for the three individual metals and also for their sum within the analytical accuracy. Consequently, a base contained in the demetal- lizing agent is a condition precedent for the practicability of the process as per the present invention.
  • a process for the removal of metal contaminants from hydrocarbon fractions is provided which, compared to processes known from the prior art, is characterized by its simple equipment and by the absence of additional extraction agents, especially agents that do not relate to the process, such as aqueous solutions. Furthermore, it is advantageous that only substances with a low to medium hazard poten- tial are used and that the use of substances with a high hazard potential such as hydrogen fluoride, is avoided.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et des agents permettant d'éliminer des contaminants métalliques contenus dans des fractions d'hydrocarbures, telles que celles obtenues comme produit de la synthèse de Fischer-Tropsch, impliquant l'utilisation d'un catalyseur en suspension. Selon l'invention, la fraction d'hydrocarbure d'alimentation est traitée avec un agent de démétalisation contenant au moins une source de soufre et au moins un composé basique, dans des conditions anhydres. Les métaux à éliminer sont récupérés sous forme de précipité qui peut être facilement séparé au moyen d'un processus de séparation mécanique tel que la filtration, par exemple.
EP11741548.9A 2010-07-26 2011-07-21 Processus et agents pour élimination de métaux contenus dans des fractions d'hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition élevé Withdrawn EP2598607A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010032263 2010-07-26
DE102011013470A DE102011013470A1 (de) 2010-07-26 2011-03-09 Verfahren und Mittel zur Entfernung von Metallen aus hochsiedenden Kohlenwasserstofffraktionen
PCT/EP2011/062587 WO2012013581A2 (fr) 2010-07-26 2011-07-21 Processus et agents pour élimination de métaux contenus dans des fractions d'hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition élevé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2598607A2 true EP2598607A2 (fr) 2013-06-05

Family

ID=44629994

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11741548.9A Withdrawn EP2598607A2 (fr) 2010-07-26 2011-07-21 Processus et agents pour élimination de métaux contenus dans des fractions d'hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition élevé

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20130180887A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2598607A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN103025850A (fr)
DE (1) DE102011013470A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012013581A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013104696A1 (de) 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Verfahren zur Entfernung von Metallen aus hochsiedenden Kohlenwasserstofffraktionen
DE102013106441A1 (de) 2013-06-20 2014-12-24 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Verfahren zur Entfernung von Metallen aus hochsiedenden Kohlenwasserstofffraktionen
DE102013106439A1 (de) 2013-06-20 2014-12-24 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Verfahren zur Entfernung von Metallen aus hochsiedenden Kohlenwasserstofffraktionen
DE102014107374A1 (de) 2014-05-26 2015-11-26 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Verfahren zur Entfernung von Metallen aus hochsiedenden Kohlenwasserstofffraktionen
DE102014107375A1 (de) 2014-05-26 2015-11-26 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Verfahren zur Metallentfernung aus hochsiedenden Kohlenwasserstofffraktionen
EP3103858A1 (fr) 2015-06-08 2016-12-14 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Procede de lavage de liquides organiques avec une solution comprenant des composés fluorohydrocarbonés
CA3039380C (fr) * 2016-10-04 2023-02-28 Enlighten Innovations Inc. Procede de separation de particules contenant des sels de metaux alcalins a partir d'hydrocarbures liquides
CN113260440B (zh) * 2018-12-11 2023-07-14 艾尼股份公司 用于从有机残留物中选择性回收过渡金属的方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012013581A2 (fr) 2012-02-02
US20130180887A1 (en) 2013-07-18
WO2012013581A3 (fr) 2012-05-24
DE102011013470A1 (de) 2012-01-26
CN103025850A (zh) 2013-04-03

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