EP2607032B1 - Procédé destiné à la réduction de l'émission de composés organiques liquides à partir de matières dérivées du bois et matières dérivées du bois - Google Patents

Procédé destiné à la réduction de l'émission de composés organiques liquides à partir de matières dérivées du bois et matières dérivées du bois Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2607032B1
EP2607032B1 EP11194281.9A EP11194281A EP2607032B1 EP 2607032 B1 EP2607032 B1 EP 2607032B1 EP 11194281 A EP11194281 A EP 11194281A EP 2607032 B1 EP2607032 B1 EP 2607032B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
wood
additive
amidine
lignocellulose
additives
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Not-in-force
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EP11194281.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2607032A1 (fr
Inventor
Prof. Dr. Joachim Hasch
Dr. Julia Borowka
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Priority to PT111942819T priority Critical patent/PT2607032T/pt
Priority to PL11194281T priority patent/PL2607032T3/pl
Priority to HUE11194281A priority patent/HUE049225T2/hu
Priority to ES11194281T priority patent/ES2773350T3/es
Priority to EP11194281.9A priority patent/EP2607032B1/fr
Publication of EP2607032A1 publication Critical patent/EP2607032A1/fr
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Publication of EP2607032B1 publication Critical patent/EP2607032B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/003—Pretreatment of moulding material for reducing formaldehyde gas emission

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the use of additives in processes for the production of wood materials from lignocellulose, in particular for the production of chipboard, fiberboard or OSB boards, these wood materials to avoid or reduce the emission of volatile organic compounds and possibly very volatile organic compounds, especially terpenes and acids, are treated with the additives during manufacture.
  • These additives are amidines and borates.
  • the present application is directed to the use of amidines and borates as additives in the production of wood materials from lignocellulose to reduce the emission of VOC and possibly VVOC, in particular to reduce the emission of terpenes and acids.
  • Lignocellulose or lignocellulose-containing materials such as wood and wood comminution products, and wood-based materials produced therefrom, such as wood-based panels, contain, among other things, volatile organic compounds (VOC) and very volatile organic compounds (VVOC).
  • VOC volatile organic compounds
  • VVOC very volatile organic compounds
  • the emission of these VOC and VVOC, also referred to as the total amount of volatile compounds (TVOC), from the wood-based materials (HWS) poses a serious problem in view of the increasing use of wood-like products indoors.
  • VOC volatile organic compounds
  • VVOC very volatile organic compounds
  • TVOC total amount of volatile compounds
  • HWS wood-based materials
  • saturated and unsaturated aldehydes all volatile organic substances whose retention time in the glass chromatograph is between C 6 (hexane) and C 16 (hexadecane).
  • the VOC are not a homogeneous class of substances, but a smorgasbord of compounds. Among others, this includes organic acids, saturated and unsaturated aldehydes, e.g. B. pentanal, hexanal etc., alcohols, Terpenes, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and much more.
  • VVOC very volatile organic compounds
  • These VVOCs, such as formaldehyde or formic acid also occur in the manufacture but also in the use of wood-based materials. On the one hand, these connections can occur during curing from the adhesives. On the other hand, these compounds can occur through the reaction of compounds present in the wood material. The emission of these volatile and very volatile wood constituents or constituents of the adhesives from wood products including wood-based panels is more and more of a problem due to stricter limit values or greater awareness among end users.
  • the volatile organic compounds and very volatile organic compounds come depending on the type and condition of the lignocelluloses; such as the type of wood, the duration of storage, the storage conditions of the wood or the comminution products of the wood, in different chemical compositions and amounts.
  • the VOC originate essentially from extract substances from lignocelluloses, e.g. B. the wood or conversion products thereof. Prominent representatives of this are substances such as alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, delta-3-carene. These components can be found especially in wooden conifers. Conversion products, e.g. B. occur during storage and processing of the wood and crushing products, z. B. aldehydes such as pentanal and hexanal.
  • Especially conifers from which mainly particle board, medium density fibreboard (MDF) or OSB board are made, contain large amounts of resins and fats, which lead to the formation of volatile organic terpene compounds and aldehydes. Some of these substances also result from the breakdown of the main components of the wood, such as lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose.
  • TVOC with VOCs including aldehydes but also VVOC including formaldehyde can also arise when using certain adhesives to manufacture the wood-based material.
  • VOC emissions are almost exclusively wood-related releases, which are composed of the so-called primary emissions of volatile wood constituents, such as terpenes, or chemical degradation products, such as acetic acid, and so-called secondary or tertiary emissions, as listed above. Due to the constant emission of conversion products, e.g. B. by fragmentation of the resins and fats, there is a constant secondary or tertiary emission of the compounds mentioned. So z. B. especially with OSB panels in the construction area, this release is of great disadvantage, since in this application the OSB panels have no emission-reducing coating and are installed in large quantities, in particular as the area of the panel, based on the total number of cubic meters of the room or of the building becomes.
  • the adhesives currently used in the manufacture of wood-based materials include aminoplast adhesives, such as urea-formaldehyde adhesives (UF adhesives), melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde Adhesives (MUPF adhesives) or melamine-urea-formaldehyde adhesive (MUF adhesives).
  • aminoplast adhesives such as urea-formaldehyde adhesives (UF adhesives), melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde Adhesives (MUPF adhesives) or melamine-urea-formaldehyde adhesive (MUF adhesives).
  • Further adhesives as are typically used in wood-based materials, include adhesives based on diisocyanates (PMDI), polyurethane adhesives (PU adhesives), phenol-formaldehyde adhesives (PF adhesives) and / or tannin-formaldehyde adhesives (TF adhesives) or mixtures thereof.
  • PMDI diisocyanates
  • PU adhesives poly
  • VOCs and VVOCs mainly aminoplast adhesives use.
  • the release of VOCs and VVOCs takes place both during the manufacture of the wood-based materials as well as after their manufacture or during their use.
  • it can e.g. B. come in the thermomechanical treatment of lignocellulosic materials to a chemical degradation of the wood.
  • the resulting VOC and VVOC, such as aldehydes and acids or terpenes then emit during the manufacturing process or when the manufactured wood-based materials are used later. They can also have a negative impact on the bond strength and thus negatively affect the properties of the wood-based materials produced.
  • DE3427694A1 discloses the use of guanidine salts as formaldehyde binding agents in the chipboard materials.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing wood-based materials made of lignocellulose, in particular chipboard, fibreboard or OSB board but also plywood board, which improve the reduction or avoidance of emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and preferably also very volatile organic compounds ( VVOC).
  • VOC volatile organic compounds
  • VVOC very volatile organic compounds
  • the emission of the VOC but also the VVOC should be significantly reduced both during manufacture and in later use.
  • the additives used themselves should not show any toxic properties and should not negatively influence the manufacturing process itself. Furthermore, the manufacturing costs of the wood-based materials themselves must not be significantly increased. However, the agents or additives used should be reacted as extensively as possible with the heterogeneous classes of volatile organic compounds and also the very volatile organic compounds or should prevent the formation of these from constituents of the wood-based materials.
  • amidine and borate are added as additives at certain points in time.
  • additives I and II are an amidine and borate.
  • the present application is directed to the use of additives in a method for producing wood-based materials from lignocellulose according to claim 1.
  • the additives of the amidines (additive I) and borates (additive II) are the previously neglected substance classes of the terpenes and acids in the VOC and the VVOC, hereinafter also generally referred to as TVOC (all volatile organic compounds, total volatile organic compounds), reduce significantly.
  • TVOC all volatile organic compounds, total volatile organic compounds
  • the additives used according to the invention prevent degradation of the fatty acids or the fatty acid esters. Furthermore, aldehydes and other volatile compounds, such as terpenes and acids, which may be formed by conversion reactions, are converted into corresponding non-emitting compounds.
  • the compounds obtained by the reaction are such that they are no longer volatile and therefore no longer contribute to TVOC emissions, or the toxicity of the compounds formed is significantly reduced. As a result, the emission is also after production, i. H. in daily use, significantly reduced.
  • the corresponding amidinium salts also fall under the expression.
  • the radical R in the general formula of the amidine is likewise preferably a C1-C8 alkyl radical (for example a C1 radical, namely an acetamidine, a C2-, C3-, C4-, C5-, C6- , C7 or C8 residue).
  • the amidines are particularly stable in the salt form.
  • R is a carbon-containing radical or an amine group and HA is an acid, such as. B. H 2 SO 4 , H 2 SO 3 , H 2 CO 3 , HNO 3 .
  • Other possible anions as counterions are halide ions, such as chloride, bromide and iodide, and also thiocyanate.
  • amidines i.e. H. Additive I
  • dissolved form e.g. B. in the form of an aqueous solution but also in solid form, for. B. as salts, to the lignocellulose-containing comminution products.
  • amidine in the form of a solution in particular an aqueous solution containing 5-40 wt .-% amidine, on the lignocellulose-containing comminution products by z.
  • Impregnation of this is applied before the drying step. This is preferably done in such a way that the concentration of the additive I is 2-30% by weight, based on dry wood, such as 5-25 % By weight, e.g. B. 10-20 wt .-%.
  • Other preferred methods for introducing the additive I into the lignocellulose-containing comminution products include processes in which the amidine in the form of a solid, such as in the form of a salt, is added during the scattering of the lignocellulose-containing comminution products and preferably the concentration of the additive I based on atro wood in Range of 2-30 wt% is as in a range of 5-25 wt% e.g. B. 10-20% by weight.
  • the additive (I) can be used differently depending on the layer used, for. B. 20 wt .-% in the middle layers and 10 wt .-% in the outer layers.
  • additive I can be used in the form of a powder.
  • it can be sprinkled in as a powder.
  • An additive II, borate, can be added as a second additive together with the above-mentioned additive I from the amidine group.
  • borate is understood here to mean salts or esters of boric acids, which can be in the form of simple borates or polyborates. Unless otherwise stated, the term “borate” is understood here to mean both borates and polyborates.
  • the borates are preferably salts of the monoborates (BO 3 3- ), diborates (B 2 O 5 4- ) triborates (B 3 O 5 - ), tetraborates (B 4 O 7 2- ), pentaborates (B 5 O 9 3- ), hexaborates (B 6 O 11 4- and B 6 O 10 2- ).
  • the borates according to the invention furthermore comprise longer-chain polyborates.
  • these borates are present as salts with alkali or alkaline earth metals (eg., Sodium tetraborate Na 2 B 4 O 7 ⁇ 10H 2 O), or zinc ions such as counter-cations (., Zinc borate, 2 (ZnO) 3 (B 2 O 3 ) XH 2 O).
  • alkali or alkaline earth metals eg., Sodium tetraborate Na 2 B 4 O 7 ⁇ 10H 2 O
  • zinc ions such as counter-cations
  • Zinc borate, 2 (ZnO) 3 (B 2 O 3 ) XH 2 O Zinc borate, 2 (ZnO) 3 (B 2 O 3 ) XH 2 O.
  • those with an ammonium group are also possible and can contain hydrate groups.
  • the polyborate has a catalytic effect in the reaction of the amidines or amines with the aldehydes.
  • the borate acts as an antioxidant and thus prevents the oxidative degradation of the resins and fats and other wood components, which are responsible for the secondary and tertiary emissions of the terpenes and acids or their degradation products.
  • the borates and polyborates not only prevent the emission of the VOC by implementing or preventing the degradation of the VOC, but also form a mechanical barrier to prevent the emission of the VOC and VVOC. That is, it is assumed that the borates form an amorphous glassy melt due to the high pressing temperatures, which seals the open surfaces of the wood-based materials, such as the OSB, and thus also mechanically prevents emission.
  • the borates / polyborates as additive II allow a terpene reduction, which is probably due to their property as Lewis acid. This acts as a catalyst for the addition of the double bond in terpenes. This prevents the terpenes from being broken down into volatile organic breakdown products that contribute to secondary and tertiary emissions.
  • the borates are introduced, at least as additive II, into the lignocellulose-containing comminution products which form the top layer.
  • the additives can thus be present in different layers of the wood material.
  • the amidines can be present as additives in the middle layers, while the borates are introduced in the layers forming the top layer.
  • both additives can be present as a combination in at least one layer of the wood-based materials, particularly preferred are both additives I and II at least in the top layer.
  • at least the amidine can be present in the cover layer.
  • none of the additives mentioned can be present in a middle layer.
  • the additives are preferably introduced separately. So the introduction of the amidine as additive I, z. B. as an aqueous solution, take place before the drying step of the comminution products or alternatively as a solid when scattering the comminution products, while the borate is added separately from the amidine when scattering the comminution products or as a solution after the dryer is added to the glue.
  • additive II borate, z. B. introduced in the form of a solution after the dryer in particular in the top layer.
  • additive II can be introduced as a solution into the glue of the cover layer.
  • the concentration of additive II, based on dry wood, is preferably 2-30% by weight, such as 5-25% by weight, e.g. B. 10-20% by weight.
  • the method according to the invention is one in which wood chips, wood strands or wood fibers are used as the lignocellulose-containing comminution products.
  • the method according to the invention is used in particular for the production of OSB, MDF or chipboard.
  • the additives are added in such a way that at least one of the two additives I and II is added as a solution before the dryer. Furthermore, one or both additives I and II can be introduced into the gluing or cover layer after the dryer.
  • the use of the additives according to the invention permits a reduction in all substance classes of VOC and VVOC, ie the TVOC is reduced overall.
  • the mechanical properties of the wood-based materials produced are not, or only to a limited extent, negatively influenced, partially there is even an improvement in the mechanical properties of the wood-based materials.
  • the additives can be applied by known methods, such as spraying, impregnation or immersion.
  • the addition of the additives can generally be carried out before or after the grinding and processing of the grinding products, e.g. B. after the refiner for fibers.
  • the amidine additives are preferably applied immediately before the hot pressing or before the dryer.
  • the adhesive can be added before or after the additives have been applied. As stated above, the additives are preferably applied separately. Alternatively, the additives can also be applied simultaneously.
  • the adhesive can also be applied between the application of the first additive and the application of the second additive. In particular, as already explained above, the combination of both additives is preferred.
  • a solution of additives can be added to the scattered mat via nozzles directly in front of the hot press.
  • the additives are introduced via customary systems, such as binder dispenser, glue drum, blow-line gluing or dry gluing.
  • the present invention describes the use of amidine as an additive (Additive I) in the production of wood materials from lignocellulose to reduce the emission of VOC and possibly VVOC, i.e. TVOC, in particular the reduction of the emission of terpenes and acids not only in the manufacturing process itself , but also for later use.
  • the use is characterized in that the additive can be applied or applied during the manufacturing process of the wood-based material.
  • the present invention describes the use of borate as an additive (v Additive II) for reducing the emission of VOC and possibly VVOC, in particular for reducing the emission of terpenes and acids, in the manufacture and use of wood-based materials made from lignocellulose, wherein the additive can be entered or applied during the manufacturing process of the wood-based material, in particular that the additive is at least entered into the top layer of the wood-based material.
  • v Additive II an additive for reducing the emission of VOC and possibly VVOC, in particular for reducing the emission of terpenes and acids
  • the present invention relates to the use of amidine and borate as an additive for reducing the emission of VOC and possibly VVOC in the production and use of wood-based materials made from lignocellulose, the additive being used at least in the top layer of OSB panels.
  • a treatment agent for reducing the emission of VOC and possibly VVOC, in particular terpenes and acids, from lignocellulose-containing comminution products and wood-based materials from lignocellulose-containing comminution products is described.
  • This treatment agent comprises at least one additive I and at least one additive II.
  • wood-based materials are obtainable using the invention.
  • This wood material is preferably a fiberboard, in particular a light and super light MDF board, or an OSB board.
  • Lignocelluloses are understood to mean materials containing lignocellulose, such as wood. Comminution products of lignocelluloses obtained therefrom include, in particular, wooden strands, wood chips, wood fibers but also wood veneer.
  • the lignocelluloses such as the wood-based materials or the comminution products thereof, can be either conifers or hardwoods. Mixtures of these two types of wood are also possible.
  • the wood shavings, beaches or wood fibers preferably come from softwoods.
  • Wood materials that can be produced by the production method according to the invention can be produced according to known methods. The processes can also be supplemented with other processes known to those skilled in the art for reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds or very volatile organic compounds.
  • the adhesives used in the use according to the invention include the customary adhesives as used for the production of cervical spine and as explained above.
  • the adhesives include, as adhesives, PF adhesives, adhesives based on isocyanates, UF adhesives, MUF adhesives, MUPF adhesives, TF adhesives, PU adhesives or mixtures thereof.
  • the VOC is determined by testing according to the AgBB (Committee for Health Assessment of Construction Products, May 2010) in a large ISO 16000 chamber. An area-specific ventilation rate of 1 m 3 / (m 2 * h) was determined during the test.
  • the amidine guanidine sulfate
  • the borate sodium tetraborate
  • the OSB is manufactured on a production line.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Utilisation d'une amidine et d'un borate en tant qu'additifs dans la fabrication de matériaux à base de bois à partir de lignocellulose pour réduire l'émission de composés organiques volatils (COV), les composés organiques volatils comprenant toutes les substances organiques volatiles dont le temps de rétention en chromatographie gazeuse se situe entre l'hexane et l'hexadécane, notamment pour réduire l'émission de terpènes et d'acides, dans laquelle les additifs peuvent être introduits ou peuvent être appliqués pendant le procédé de fabrication du matériau à base de bois, et l'additif amidine est introduit en tant qu'additif I dans des produits de broyage lignocellulosiques, et les produits de broyage lignocellulosiques mélangés avec l'additif sont comprimés avec un adhésif sous traitement thermique pour la fabrication du matériau à base de bois, l'additif I étant une amidine de la formule générale R-C(=NH)-NH2, R représentant un radical carboné ou un groupe amine, l'amidine pouvant éventuellement se présenter sous la forme d'un sel, et l'additif supplémentaire borate étant utilisé en tant qu'additif II destiné à être introduit dans les produits de broyage lignocellulosiques, cet additif II étant un borate.
  2. Utilisation d'une amidine et d'un borate en tant qu'additifs dans la fabrication de matériaux à base de bois à partir de lignocellulose pour réduire l'émission de COV selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'additif I est un sel d'amidinium, notamment avec un halogénure, tel qu'un chlorure, un bromure ou un iodure, un thiocyanate, un sulfate, un sulfite, un nitrate ou un carbonate.
  3. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'additif I est la guanidine ou un sel de celle-ci.
  4. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'amidine est appliquée sous la forme d'une solution, notamment d'une solution aqueuse contenant 5 à 40 % en poids d'amidine, sur les produits de broyage lignocellulosiques par imprégnation de ceux-ci avant une étape de séchage, de préférence de telle sorte que la concentration de l'additif I soit de 2 à 30 % en poids, par rapport au bois sec.
  5. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'amidine est ajoutée sous la forme d'un solide, notamment sous la forme d'un sel d'amidinium, lors de la répartition des produits de broyage lignocellulosiques, et la concentration de celle-ci par rapport au bois sec se situe de préférence dans la plage allant de 2 à 30 % en poids.
  6. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'ajout du borate a lieu sous la forme d'une solution après le séchoir, notamment dans la couche de recouvrement, la concentration de l'additif II par rapport au bois sec étant de préférence de 2 à 30 % en poids.
  7. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'additif I et l'additif II sont introduits en combinaison, l'introduction des deux additifs I et II ayant de préférence lieu séparément.
  8. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les matériaux à base de bois sont des matériaux fabriqués à partir de copeaux de bois, de longs copeaux de bois ou de fibres de bois en tant que produits de broyage lignocellulosiques.
  9. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'ajout des additifs a lieu ensemble ou séparément sous la forme d'une solution avant le séchoir et/ou sous la forme d'une solution dans l'encollage de la couche de recouvrement.
  10. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le borate est introduit dans les produits de broyage lignocellulosiques formant la couche de recouvrement.
  11. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'additif I est utilisé au moins dans la couche de recouvrement de panneaux OSB.
EP11194281.9A 2011-12-19 2011-12-19 Procédé destiné à la réduction de l'émission de composés organiques liquides à partir de matières dérivées du bois et matières dérivées du bois Not-in-force EP2607032B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT111942819T PT2607032T (pt) 2011-12-19 2011-12-19 Processo para reduzir as emissões de compostos orgânicos voláteis em materiais à base de madeira e material de madeira
PL11194281T PL2607032T3 (pl) 2011-12-19 2011-12-19 Sposób zmniejszania emisji lotnych związków organicznych z tworzyw drzewnych i tworzywa drzewne
HUE11194281A HUE049225T2 (hu) 2011-12-19 2011-12-19 Eljárás illékony szerves vegyületek kibocsátásának csökkentésére fatermékekbõl, és fatermékek
ES11194281T ES2773350T3 (es) 2011-12-19 2011-12-19 Procedimiento para reducir la emisión de compuestos orgánicos volátiles de materiales a base de madera y materiales a base de madera
EP11194281.9A EP2607032B1 (fr) 2011-12-19 2011-12-19 Procédé destiné à la réduction de l'émission de composés organiques liquides à partir de matières dérivées du bois et matières dérivées du bois

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EP11194281.9A EP2607032B1 (fr) 2011-12-19 2011-12-19 Procédé destiné à la réduction de l'émission de composés organiques liquides à partir de matières dérivées du bois et matières dérivées du bois

Publications (2)

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EP2607032A1 EP2607032A1 (fr) 2013-06-26
EP2607032B1 true EP2607032B1 (fr) 2020-01-22

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EP (1) EP2607032B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2773350T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE049225T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL2607032T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2607032T (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3290172B1 (fr) * 2016-09-02 2025-11-05 SWISS KRONO Tec AG Utilisation de la colle thermofusible pour la réduction des émissions de composés organiques volatiles provenant de matériaux dérivés du bois

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KR20100074444A (ko) * 2008-12-24 2010-07-02 한국과학기술연구원 목재용 보존처리제

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PL2607032T3 (pl) 2020-07-27
EP2607032A1 (fr) 2013-06-26

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