Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
  • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
  • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
  • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
  • B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
  • B21J13/025—Dies with parts moving along auxiliary lateral directions
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
  • B21K3/00—Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like
  • B21K3/04—Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like blades, e.g. for turbines; Upsetting of blade roots
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
  • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
  • F05B2230/25—Manufacture essentially without removing material by forging

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a tooling of "multi-effects" shape suitable for forming at high temperature metal parts such as for example a composite blade metal reinforcement, or metal, turbomachine.
• the tooling of "multi-effects" shape is particularly well suited to the forming of a piece of complex geometry such as a metal reinforcement of turbomachine blade leading edge.
• the field of the invention is in particular that of turbomachines and more particularly that of the fan blades, made of composite or metallic material, of a turbomachine and whose leading edge comprises a metallic structural reinforcement.
• leading edge corresponds to the front part of an airfoil which faces the airflow and which divides the airflow into an intrados airflow and a flow of air. extrados air.
• the trailing edge corresponds to the posterior part of an aerodynamic profile where the intrados and extrados flows meet.
• the turbomachine blades and in particular the fan blades, undergo significant mechanical stress, particularly related to the speed of rotation, and must meet strict conditions of weight and bulk.
• One of the options considered to lighten the blades is the use of composite materials for their manufacture.
• the metal structural reinforcement protects the leading edge of the composite blade by avoiding risks of delamination, fiber breakage or damage by fiber / matrix decohesion.
• a turbomachine blade has an aerodynamic surface extending, in a first direction, between a leading edge and a trailing edge and, in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, between a foot and a dawn summit.
• the metallic structural reinforcement follows the shape of the leading edge of the aerodynamic surface of the blade and extends in the first direction beyond the leading edge of the aerodynamic surface of the blade to match the profile of the blade. the intrados and the upper surface of the dawn and in the second direction between the foot and the top of the dawn.
• the metal structural reinforcement is a titanium metal part made entirely by milling from a block of material.
• the invention aims to solve the problems mentioned above, by proposing a "multi-effects" shape tooling. capable of forming high temperature metal parts, such as a leading edge metal reinforcement or a turbomachine blade trailing edge, which simplifies the manufacturing range and significantly reduces the production costs of such a piece by offering a tool "multi-effects" implemented by a single-effect press.
• the invention proposes a tool of "multi-effects" shape suitable for high temperature forming of metal parts, said tool comprising a fixed part and a moving part actuated by a unidirectional press, in a first direction, said tooling varying between an open position and a closed position in which the movable portion exerts pressure on said fixed portion; said tool being characterized in that said movable part comprises movable means capable of initiating a deformation of said metal part by translation of said means in a second direction Y simultaneously with the translation of said means in said first direction during said closing said tooling, said movable means being able to deviate from said metal part by inverse translation of said moving means, in said second direction, simultaneously with the translation of said moving means, in said first direction, during said opening of said tool.
• unidirectional press is meant a single-effect press having only one working axis, generally the vertical axis relative to the pressing plane of the press, as opposed to double or triple-effect presses respectively comprising two or three axes. oriented in different directions.
• multi-effect is meant a deformation according to several directions occurring in several parts of the part simultaneously in opposition to a simple deformation effect resulting from a single constraint applied locally in one direction only.
• the invention it is possible to carry out a multi-effects deformation (ie in different directions simultaneously) by means of a single-effect press, inexpensive, under conditions of high temperatures, that is to say tell the temperatures necessary for the forging of the parts to realize.
• the piece is deformed and twisted in several directions in a single operation with a single-effect press and at a temperature greater than 850 ° C. 940 ° C for making a titanium reinforcement).
• the tooling according to the invention makes it possible to overcome the complex embodiment of the reinforcement by a method of milling in the mass from flats requiring large volumes of material and therefore the tool allows to reduce the quantities of raw materials necessary for the realization of such a metal reinforcement.
• the metal reinforcement of complex shape is made simply and quickly from a preform obtained from a simple metal bar and a succession of forging steps as described in particular in the patent application SNECMA FR1055066.
• the preform is then shaped three-dimensionally at high temperature in the "multi-effects" tooling by means of a single-effect press.
• the tool according to the invention makes it possible to perform a multi-effects deformation (ie in different directions simultaneously) by means of a simple and inexpensive press and under high temperature conditions, ie say above 850 ° C.
• the "multi-effect" shape tooling according to the invention may also have one or more of the following characteristics, considered individually or in any technically possible combination:
• said tooling is an isothermal tool capable of forming at a temperature above 850 ° C;
• said fixed part comprises a matrix having two inclined walls able to move said moving means along said second direction Y during said closing of said tooling;
• each of said movable means comprises an inclined face parallel to one of said inclined walls of said matrix of the fixed part
• said movable part comprises at least one spacer integral with the movements of said movable part able to move said movable means from said part along said second direction Y during said opening of said tooling;
• said fixed part comprises means capable of forming a reference frame for positioning said metal part in the tooling;
• said tooling is suitable for forming a leading edge metal reinforcement or a turbomachine blade trailing edge
• each of said moving means comprises a cavity representative of one of the external faces of said leading edge reinforcement or of the turbomachine trailing edge to be produced.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the shaped tool according to the invention shown in its open position
• FIG. 2 is a side view of the tool according to the invention during a closing phase
• FIG. 3 is a side view of the form tool according to the invention in its closed position
• FIG. 4 is a side view of the form tool according to the invention, illustrating the tooling during an opening phase
• FIG. 5 is a side view of the tool according to the invention, illustrating tooling form in its open position.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of the form tool 100 according to the invention shown in its open position.
• the form tooling 100 is conventionally formed by a lower part 1 10, representing the fixed part of the tooling 100, and an upper part 120, representing the movable part of the tooling 100.
• the shaped screen 100 shown, by way of example, in all the figures, is a tool allowing the realization of a titanium reinforcement of turbomachine blade leading edge.
• the tooling is intended to be mounted on a single-acting press (not shown), of the forging press type, comprising a single working axis, generally the vertical axis, illustrated in FIG. 1 by the Z axis.
• the tooling can also be mounted on any type of pressure forging machine having a single working axis.
• a forging is made by placing a preform or blank between two dies, an upper die and a lower die, each having a suitable fingerprint, and then bringing the two dies closer together with each other. a pressure sufficient to deform the preform to obtain a part whose geometry corresponds to that of the impressions, the forging operation being performed with the tool mounted temperature, that is to say at a temperature above 850 ° C for producing a titanium piece and preferably a temperature of the order of 940 ° C (plus or minus 10%).
• the lower matrix 1 12 is formed by:
• a second upper portion 1 12a having at its lower face locating lugs 1 18 for positioning the upper portion 1 12a in the grooves 1 19 of the lower portion 1 12b; each lug 1 18 having the shape complementary to the shape of the longitudinal grooves 1 19 of the first lower portion 1 12a.
• the second upper part 1 12a is secured to the first part by securing means 132 forming pins and passing through both the first lower part 1 12a at the longitudinal grooves 1 19 and the positioning tabs 1 18 of the upper part 1 12b.
• the lower die 1 12 comprises a punch 1 14, the upper part of which forms an impression 1 13 corresponding to the internal geometry of the leading edge of the turbomachine dawn.
• the lower part 1 12b of the matrix 1 12 has a flare, substantially isosceles trapezium-shaped, adapted to receive the base of the punch 1 14, also of trapezoidal shape, and adapted to center the punch 1 14 in the matrix 1 12.
• the base of the punch 1 14 is trapped between the lower part 1 12a and the upper part 1 12b of the matrix 1 12, and more precisely in a space 1 15 bordered on the one hand by the flaring of the lower part 1 12a and on the other hand by two horizontal tabs 133 projecting inwardly of the tool 1 10 in the upper part.
• these two horizontal tabs 133 of the upper portion 1 12b perform a stop function allowing only a certain vertical displacement (ie along the Z axis shown in Figure 1) of the base of the punch 1 14 in the defined space 1 15.
• the game thus created advantageously authorizes a calibrated movement between these different parts of the die 1 12, making it possible to make a punch 1 14 floating in the space 1 15 able to facilitate demolding of the piece made in the tooling 100.
• the other displacements, transverse and longitudinal, of the punch 1 14 are respectively blocked by the flared shape of the lower part 1 12a receiving the base of the punch 1 14 as well as by the support plates 1 16 bordering on either side the punch 1 14.
• the support plates 1 16 are secured to the lower portion 1 12a of the matrix 1 12 by conventional means of connection used in this type of press tooling by forging.
• the upper part 120 of the tooling comprises in particular:
• two upper matrices 121 and 122 each of which has a imprint, respectively referenced 124 and 125, corresponding to the outer geometry of one of the faces of the turbomachine blade leading edge reinforcement to be produced.
• the two upper matrices 121 and 122 have the particularity of generating a complex motion different from the displacement imposed by the single effect press.
• the two upper dies 121, 122 translate along the Y axis, during the displacement of the upper support 123 along the Z axis.
• the translation of the upper dies 121, 122 during the closure of the press is enabled by the complementary shape of the upper dies 121, 122 and the lower die 1 12.
• the transverse movement of the upper dies 121, 122 is relatively guided by a guide 134, for example a free cylindrical axis, allowing the two upper dies 121, 122 to be guided during the closing and during the opening of the press.
• a guide 134 for example a free cylindrical axis
• the two upper dies 121, 122 initiate deformation and possibly twisting of the preform 10, introduced into the tool, during the closing of the tool and from the beginning of the closing phase of the tooling 100.
• the upper dies 121 and 122 comprise in the upper part a bearing surface 135, on which the support 123 transmits the thrust of the press.
• This bearing surface is oriented substantially perpendicular to the direction of the thrust of the upper dies 121, 122, illustrated by the arrows 150.
• the orientation of this bearing surface 135 limits the torque generated on the upper dies. 121, 122 and thus avoid twisting the upper dies 121, 122 when closing the press.
• two spacers 141 integral with the upper support 123 make it possible, through their form, to separate the two upper dies 121, 122 of the forged part.
• the spacers 141 have an outer surface 1 36 beveled forming a slope and providing a bearing surface adapted to slide on the upper dies 121, 122 during the opening of the tool 100.
• the spacers 141 go up vertically, according to the arrow referenced 161, illustrated in Figure 4, come into contact with the upper dies 121, 122 and then push the upper dies 121, 122 in a transverse direction, perpendicular to the direction of the opening of the tooling 100.
• FIGS. 4 and 5 respectively illustrate the tooling in the lower position during the upstroke phase of the press and the tooling in the up position during of the press release phase.
• the upper dies are positioned resting on the spacers 141 by means of horizontal stops 138 and slopes 137.
• the device is operative for shaping the next piece .
• the automatic spacing (in opposition with a manual spacing of an operator) makes it possible to quickly prepare the tooling for forming a subsequent part without the intervention of an operator and without cooling the tooling .
• the impression 1 13 may be constituted by a plurality of movable or removable sections and able to disassemble individually.
• this protective layer may be an aluminum oxide layer
• the invention has been particularly described for producing a metal reinforcement of a composite turbomachine blade; however, the invention is also applicable for producing a metal reinforcement of a turbomachine metal blade.
• the invention has been particularly described for producing a metal reinforcement of a turbomachine blade leading edge; however, the invention is also applicable for producing a metal reinforcement of a trailing edge of a turbomachine blade.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Forging (AREA)
• Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
• Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=44114350

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (9)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (15)

• 2010
  • 2010-09-30 FR FR1057918A patent/FR2965496B1/fr active Active
• 2011
  • 2011-09-27 RU RU2013120020/02A patent/RU2013120020A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2011-09-27 WO PCT/FR2011/052249 patent/WO2012042164A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2011-09-27 CA CA2812809A patent/CA2812809A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-09-27 BR BR112013007578A patent/BR112013007578A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2011-09-27 US US13/876,721 patent/US20130180304A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2011-09-27 EP EP11773791.6A patent/EP2621648A2/de not_active Ceased
  • 2011-09-27 CN CN201180047874.7A patent/CN103140307B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events