EP2639882A1 - Vorrichtung zum Empfang und zur Frequenzfilterung von Funksignalen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Empfang und zur Frequenzfilterung von Funksignalen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2639882A1
EP2639882A1 EP12382096.1A EP12382096A EP2639882A1 EP 2639882 A1 EP2639882 A1 EP 2639882A1 EP 12382096 A EP12382096 A EP 12382096A EP 2639882 A1 EP2639882 A1 EP 2639882A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
dipole
boom
antenna according
signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12382096.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jesús Mª San José Damboriena
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Angel Iglesias SA
Original Assignee
Angel Iglesias SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Angel Iglesias SA filed Critical Angel Iglesias SA
Priority to EP12382096.1A priority Critical patent/EP2639882A1/de
Publication of EP2639882A1 publication Critical patent/EP2639882A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
    • H01Q19/30—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements the primary active element being centre-fed and substantially straight, e.g. Yagi antenna

Definitions

  • the present invention has its field of application in the interferences reduction in signals received by radio signal receiving devices and more specifically, in the interferences reduction in antennas receiving television signals.
  • the compression systems in current digital television systems allow transmitting several normal digital television channels (usually up to six, according to the coding and modulation techniques used) with acceptable quality in the radio frequency space previously used by a single analogue channel.
  • Said figure shows a comparison of the spectrum (14) occupied by previous analogue systems with respect to current digital systems.
  • New digital terrestrial television broadcast coding, compression and modulation techniques have indirectly contributed to the process of creating this so-called digital dividend.
  • ITU-R BT.798 it is stipulated "that digital terrestrial television broadcast be adapted in channels (with bandwidths of 6, 7 and 8 MHz) intended for emitting analogue television in metric and decimetric wavebands". That Recommendation, in which it is prohibited that the bandwidth used for digital programs is greater than the analogue channel bandwidth, has opened up the way for the development of advanced digital compression techniques.
  • the digital dividend is due to the fact that digital compression systems allow multiplexing the transmission of several television programs in the spectrum previously used by a single analogue television channel.
  • the amount of spectrum freed by changing from analogue to digital transmission primarily depends on national particularities such as country geography and topography, degree of penetration of digital transmission services, needs of regional or minority television services, and use of the spectrum in neighboring countries. This amount also depends on the digital television technology adopted to replace analogue services. Accordingly, the size of the digital dividend changes from one region to another and from one country to another. Although, the specific location of the digital dividend also varies from one country (or region) to another, since it depends on the assignment of frequencies of each country/region, it is usually located between 200 MHz and 1 GHz. In Europe in particular, this freed band (dividend) is located in the range between 790 and 862 MHz.
  • the spectrum created with this digital dividend can be used for services of any type, such as additional terrestrial radio television services (which could even include the delivery of new interactive and high-definition television programs), mobile multimedia applications, mobile communications, wireless broadband access systems (for example, it could be used to offer ubiquitous broadband Internet access in areas where terrestrial lines have not yet arrived, which would help reduce the digital gap), etc.
  • additional terrestrial radio television services which could even include the delivery of new interactive and high-definition television programs
  • mobile multimedia applications mobile communications
  • wireless broadband access systems for example, it could be used to offer ubiquitous broadband Internet access in areas where terrestrial lines have not yet arrived, which would help reduce the digital gap
  • the mobile telephony sector the most interested in using this digital dividend given the number of new mobile services that are being offered in this sector (mobile television, Internet access through mobile terminals, massive data transmission).
  • the freed frequencies in the digital dividend (which, as previously stated, are usually in the band between 200 MHz and 1 GHz) have signal propagation characteristics greater than, for example, 2.4 GHz, and the sector has declared that it is interested in using these lower frequencies to facilitate coverage and, accordingly, achieve optimal equilibrium between transmission capacity and the operating range. Therefore less infrastructure would be needed to obtain broader mobile coverage, with the subsequent reduction of costs for communication services, especially-in rural areas.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • WiMAX WiMAX
  • This freed spectrum (digital dividend) resulting from converting from analogue to digital television (as can be seen in Figure 1 ) and which is going to be assigned to this other type of services mentioned above (wireless internet, mobile telephony%), is going to be very close to the frequency band used in the service of terrestrial digital television (in some cases the signals used by these new telephony services are in the band between 791 and 821 MHz; very close to the television signals that can occupy up to 790 MHz).
  • DTT digital terrestrial television
  • filters separating digital television signals from those unwanted signals could be used. It would also be possible to solve this problem (or at least reduce its severity) by increasing the power with which the television signal is received (for example, using repeaters antennas), but this would be a very expensive solution.
  • the present invention proposes an antenna which solves in a simple manner the problems presented in existing devices.
  • Said antenna has an amplitude-frequency response the efficacy of which can be greater than that of a traditional filter made up of coils and capacitors, providing vast selectivity and low through pass losses at an advantageous cost.
  • the present invention describes an antenna which receives radio signals, said antenna comprising a reflective element (reflector) and a dipole, where the reflective element and the dipole are assembled on a first boom, said antenna being further characterized by comprising an element made of conductive material, referred to as main parasitic element, located on the boom between the reflective element and the dipole.
  • the radio signals received may be television signals, for example, in the UHF frequency band.
  • Said antenna can further comprise an assembly of director conductive elements placed along the first boom, following the dipole in the side opposite that of the reflector, and where the director element closest to the dipole has an electrical length equal to the electrical length of the main parasitic element.
  • the electrical length of the main parasitic element is half the wavelength corresponding to the desired cutoff frequency, where the desired cutoff frequency is a design parameter of the antenna which will be the frequency from which signals are considered interfering signals and are therefore desired to be rajected.
  • the present invention proposes an antenna that would reduce the problems occurring in television signal reception; especially in cases where telephony signals are very close to the television channels (such as in the digital dividend scenarios mentioned above) as a very relevant reduction of the ratio of the telephony signal (interfering) received by it and the TV signal is allowed.
  • the antenna would be a television signals receiving antenna (although it could also be applied to another type of antennas) in the UHF band frequency range either the complete band or parts of the band, and more specifically in the frequency range comprised between 470 and 790 MHz.
  • the antenna is a Yagi-type antenna.
  • Antennas of this type are usually made up of a main active element, in most cases a dipole (20), preceded at a certain distance by a reflector formed by an assembly of conductive rods (21) (forming reflective grids or screens 22 in many cases), and on the side opposite that of the reflector, followed by a number of director elements (23) (elements made of conductive material which can be cylindrical metal rods made of metal, for example aluminum).
  • the director and reflective elements are called parasitic or passive elements (since they are not active, i.e., are not powered or electrically feed). All these components are assembled on one or several bars (24) (also called support bars or booms).
  • these bars there is a central boom on which the dipole is assembled and to which the reflective grids are attached (in fact, this central boom is usually built in the bisector of the angle formed by the reflective grids). If there are more bars besides the central boom (as in Figure 2 ), these bars can be located on both sides of the central boom, the reflector (reflective grids) being supported on them and the director elements placed along said bars (perhaps perpendicular to them though other orientations are possible) and in front of the dipole.
  • all these elements determine an axis which will be the direction in which the antenna has maximum sensitivity to the signals received (that is, those signals the propagation direction of which coincides with this direction will be received with maximum sensitivity), i.e., the axis of the main lobe of the antenna or in other words, the direction in which the antenna is pointed (it can therefore also be called antenna axis or antenna pointing axis).
  • this axis must ideally be aligned with the trajectory of the radio signals desired to be received (the direction of signals reception being the direction going from the directors towards the reflector, passing through the dipole).
  • said antenna incorporates parasitic elements (i.e., non-active or non-powered) made of conductive material having certain electrical dimensions which are placed in the nearby environment of the dipole and provide a suitable frequency response (these elements can be, for example, rods made of electrically conductive material).
  • parasitic elements i.e., non-active or non-powered
  • these elements can be, for example, rods made of electrically conductive material.
  • the electrical dimensions of said elements will be tuned to half the wavelength corresponding to the cutoff frequency of interest (e.g.
  • Yagi parasitic elements having very specific dimensions, a frequency response with an important rejection of unwanted signals is achieved.
  • a cutoff frequency (790 MHz) has been chosen to reject LTE signals, but in the event that other cutoff frequencies are needed, for example, for dividend 2, or for current mobile telephony in the 900 MHz band, it would be sufficient to tune said elements (i.e., choose their electrical dimensions) to the required frequencies and thus having the desired frequency response.
  • parasitic elements incorporated in this invention will generally consist of a conductive element located between the dipole and the reflector, in the boom where the dipole is located, which is referred to as the main parasitic element, and optionally one or several elements each of which is located in each of the director element booms forming the antenna, which are referred to as secondary parasitic elements. All these parasitic elements can be rods (for example cylindrical) made of conductive material (for example metal), placed on the booms with a certain inclination with respect to said booms (which can be perpendicular or any other).
  • Figure 2 shows an example of a television receiving antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention (Yagi-type antenna with three director element booms) and the added parasitic elements can be seen, indicated with letters A, B, C and D.
  • the secondary elements (B, C and D) located in the support booms give the antenna a low-pass filter response at its desired cutoff frequency and the main element (A) located between the dipole and the reflector, resonating in the same' cutoff frequency as them, gives an even more high-pitched resonance causing a drop in the amplitude-frequency response of the antenna at the cutoff frequency much more quickly. Therefore, the main parasitic element is the one adding an even more discriminatory and effective filtering, giving the antenna a response with a more abrupt frequency cutoff (more discriminatory), maintaining the features in the pass band. In the example described above, this would allow a rejection of the frequencies not only from the LTE uplink band of (832 to 862 MHz) but also the LTE downlink band (791 to 821 MHz).
  • the electrical length of an element is the length of said element expressed as the number (or fraction) of wavelengths of a radio signal being propagated in said element (or in other words, the number of wavelengths that "fit" in said element). Therefore, the electrical length of an element with a specific physical length will vary according to the speed of the radio signal in said element. In other words, the physical length equivalent to a specific electrical length will depend on the speed of the signal in said element.
  • said "optimal" dimensions can slightly vary around (slightly above or below) half the wavelength of the desired cutoff frequency, depending on various factors (radio situation, material of the antenna,.).
  • the exact length that the elements must have and their specific position can be adjusted by means of simulations or empirical tests.
  • These elements can be added to an already constructed antenna, or the antenna can be designed and constructed from the start with these elements incorporated.
  • the main element (A) is located between the dipole and the reflector.
  • the position of said element can be equidistant between the reflective element and the dipole, although any other intermediate position of the main parasitic element not equidistant between the reflective element and the dipole is also possible.
  • the reflective element is formed by reflective grids or screens attached to the boom where the dipole is located ( Figure 2 )
  • the main parasitic element will be in the boom where the dipole is located, in any intermediate position between the dipole and the point of the boom where the reflective screens are attached (for example, in an approximately equidistant position as in Figure 2 ).
  • the secondary elements will be located in each of the support booms, in front of the dipole and before the remaining director elements (with respect to the dipole). Actually, these secondary elements will simply be another director element (the closest to the dipole in each boom) but with specific dimensions different from the remaining director elements. Said secondary elements can be at the height of the dipole or further ahead and can be aligned between them though it is not necessary.
  • the antenna is a Yagi-type antenna with three assemblies or groups of directors located in 3 booms or levels (24) one on top of the other, a dipole and a dihedral-shaped reflector.
  • the arrangement of these elements would be the following:
  • the secondary elements B, C and D in each boom will be the director element (23) closest to the dipole and as mentioned, its electrical dimensions will be half the wavelength of the cutoff frequency that is sought in the response of the antenna (so it will have a dimension that is a little larger than the remaining director elements).
  • the main element A (which will have the same electrical length as B, C and D) is located in the central boom, between the dipole and the reflector.
  • the dimensions of the elements are determined by half the wavelength corresponding to the desired cutoff frequency.
  • the position of these elements will be in the area surrounding of the dipole: One of them will at least be between the reflector and the dipole (in an equidistant position between both or in another intermediate position), and the other one or ones will be in front of the dipole in the axis of the antenna before the remaining director elements or also above and below the dipole (if these levels exist).
  • TV signal reception is optimized even in situations where interfering signals (telephony or another type of signals) are at frequencies very close to those of the television channels.
  • Having an antenna like the one proposed, having a natural frequency response with important rejection and being highly discriminatory, without the need for filters, in the unwanted frequency band (for example LTE band) has enormous advantages because it solves the problems that may occur in TV signal reception in a simple, effective and inexpensive manner.

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EP12382096.1A 2012-03-15 2012-03-15 Vorrichtung zum Empfang und zur Frequenzfilterung von Funksignalen Withdrawn EP2639882A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12382096.1A EP2639882A1 (de) 2012-03-15 2012-03-15 Vorrichtung zum Empfang und zur Frequenzfilterung von Funksignalen

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EP12382096.1A EP2639882A1 (de) 2012-03-15 2012-03-15 Vorrichtung zum Empfang und zur Frequenzfilterung von Funksignalen

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2728670A1 (de) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-07 Alessandro Vittorio Botta Antenne für HF-Signale

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1321567A (fr) * 1962-02-08 1963-03-22 Perfectionnement aux antennes réceptrices pour très hautes fréquences, notamment pour télévision
DE1293257B (de) * 1959-05-11 1969-04-24 Ehrenspeck Oberflaechenwellenantenne mit einem Reflektor und einer Reflektorflaeche
US3487415A (en) * 1967-06-06 1969-12-30 Sylvan Simons Combination uhf-vhf television receiving antenna
EP2194605A1 (de) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-09 Angel Iglesias S.A. Antenne

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1293257B (de) * 1959-05-11 1969-04-24 Ehrenspeck Oberflaechenwellenantenne mit einem Reflektor und einer Reflektorflaeche
FR1321567A (fr) * 1962-02-08 1963-03-22 Perfectionnement aux antennes réceptrices pour très hautes fréquences, notamment pour télévision
US3487415A (en) * 1967-06-06 1969-12-30 Sylvan Simons Combination uhf-vhf television receiving antenna
EP2194605A1 (de) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-09 Angel Iglesias S.A. Antenne

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2728670A1 (de) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-07 Alessandro Vittorio Botta Antenne für HF-Signale

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