EP2641712A1 - Procédé de traitement du bois et dispositif d'exécution du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement du bois et dispositif d'exécution du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2641712A1
EP2641712A1 EP20120160384 EP12160384A EP2641712A1 EP 2641712 A1 EP2641712 A1 EP 2641712A1 EP 20120160384 EP20120160384 EP 20120160384 EP 12160384 A EP12160384 A EP 12160384A EP 2641712 A1 EP2641712 A1 EP 2641712A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood
pressure
refined
container
thermal treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20120160384
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tom Sieverts
Christian Dr. Welzbacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Timura Holzmanufaktur GmbH
Original Assignee
Timura Holzmanufaktur GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Timura Holzmanufaktur GmbH filed Critical Timura Holzmanufaktur GmbH
Priority to EP20120160384 priority Critical patent/EP2641712A1/fr
Publication of EP2641712A1 publication Critical patent/EP2641712A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/02—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by compressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D3/00—Veneer presses; Press plates; Plywood presses
    • B27D3/02—Veneer presses; Press plates; Plywood presses with a plurality of press plates, i.e. multi- platen hot presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a finishing process for wood, in which the wood to be refined is thermomechanically compacted.
  • the invention relates to a device for wood finishing for carrying out the finishing process according to the invention, with a printing device for exerting a high pressing pressure on the wood, wherein the printing device is a mechanical, pneumatic, preferably hydraulic press for pressing pressures greater than or equal to 200 bar.
  • the compacting of wood has been known for almost 100 years.
  • AT 76053 describes a method for compacting wood, in which the wood to be compacted at temperatures of 90 to 150 ° C is subjected to a high on all sides of the piece of wood, high hydraulic or gas pressure of at least 20 MPa.
  • the lignin becomes plastic (flowable), whereby under the high pressure it is significantly reduced by, for example, 50% in its dimension and thus compacted.
  • So compacted wood shows significantly improved mechanical and physical properties, such as flexural strength, compressive strength and Brinell hardness.
  • the heating of the wood to preferably 130 to 150 ° C is required in order to liquefy the wood and then to be able to compress at all.
  • compacted wood has the disadvantage that, when it comes into contact with moisture, in particular when wetted or even immersed in water, it relatively quickly returns to its dimensions before being compacted by re-swelling (re-shaping). occupies. Compacted wood is therefore not dimensionally stable in a moist / wet environment.
  • a vacuum dryer for lumber and method for drying wood in which superimposed layers of wood are provided with arranged between the wood layers heating elements and with a printing device for exerting pressure on the wood layers, wherein the process is carried out in a vacuum container and the printing device arranged in the vacuum container, one side of the dry material covering a large area, expanding sack, which can be acted upon by an adjustable pressure.
  • This is usually the atmospheric pressure, wherein the vacuum in the vacuum container 80 to 90%, ie 100 to 200 mbar.
  • the pressure in the expanding sack can also be greater than the atmospheric pressure.
  • This low differential pressure of about 1 bar should cause a "ironing effect", so that the wood layers do not distort during the thermal treatment.
  • This method is applied by the applicant in the so-called Vaku 3 method, a press-drying process, wherein the wood is heated to over 160 ° C to produce a thermally modified, associated with cell changes thermowood.
  • thermal treatment has been shown to cause a high increase in biological resistance, but is accompanied by a decrease in strength, in particular fracture, impact, tensile and flexural strength, which has hitherto been inconsistent with use in structural applications.
  • a method of heat treating wood is known in which the wood is dried to a moisture content of less than 15%. Thereafter, the temperature of the wood is increased for heat treatment, the wood held at this required temperature for the desired treatment and then lowered the temperature again.
  • a temperature of 250 ° C is reached in the heat treatment and possibly exerted a slight excess pressure of not more than 0.1 bar during the treatment.
  • Most are used for heat transfer steam or other heating gases. In some processes, overpressures up to 10 bar during the heat treatment are also known.
  • thermo-wood process also known as OHT, prevents burning of the heated wood due to oil leakage.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a wood finishing process, with which a mechanically compacted wood is made resistant and dimensionally stable while maintaining good mechanical properties.
  • thermo-mechanical compaction of the wood to be refined subsequently a thermal treatment under vacuum is carried out with contact heating of the wood to be finished, in which the wood to be finished is heated above 160 ° C., a re-deformation of the compacted wood is prevented.
  • the vacuum atmosphere during the thermal treatment immediately removes any moisture released from the wood during the thermal treatment.
  • the structural change of the wood by the thermal treatment above 160 ° C then prevents a renewed resumption of moisture. Consequently, the finished wood after the thermal treatment is insensitive to moisture. Even when immersing the refined wood in water no appreciable moisture absorption and thus no re-deformation of the compacted wood to the original wood takes place.
  • the wood finished in this way is biologically resistant and, as described above, dimensionally stable.
  • the good mechanical properties in the sum of both processes could be obtained or even improved with this refining process, since the wood compaction counteracts the decrease of the strength usual with thermo wood.
  • any outgassing from the heated, compacted wood is drawn off via the vacuum pump and by the low compression pressure Ironing effect achieved, which prevents warping of the wood to be finished.
  • the refined wood product can be used as pollutant-free even indoors.
  • the wood to be refined reaches at least a temperature of 200 ° C., preferably 230 ° C., during the thermal treatment, and this temperature is maintained for a period of 1 h to 48 h, in particular 6 h to 24 h, cell changes in the Thermowood produced that lead to a very strong moisture resistance and to a user-tunable degree of browning of the wood.
  • the pressing pressure may be cyclically relieved and reapplied.
  • thermo-mechanical compression and the thermal treatment takes place in a container, wherein already in the compression process, the air in the container is evacuated, eliminates a reloading of the wood to be refined from a compacting device to a vacuum thermal device.
  • the air in the container is evacuated already during the compression process, so that any slight outgassing occurring from the wood during the slight heating of the wood to be refined in the thermo-mechanical compression to 90 ° C to 150 ° C occurring.
  • the temperature of the wood to be finished for heat treatment is already increased during the thermo-mechanical compression.
  • the thermal treatment is carried out quasi temporally with the thermo-mechanical compression. This shortens the one hand the Time expenditure for the wood finishing process, whereby the economy increases and on the other hand leads to a surprising increase in the strength of the finished wood compared to two-step finished wood.
  • the device for wood finishing characterized by the fact that a container for receiving the wood to be finished in the form of superimposed layers of wood is provided with disposed between the wood layers heating elements, wherein the printing device is arranged to act within the container , whereby the heat is thermally transferred for thermo-wood treatment of arranged between the wood layers heating elements.
  • the heating elements heat the wood gently and cause a rapid heating of the wood layers enclosed on two sides by the heating elements.
  • the direct conductive heat transfer increases the energy efficiency.
  • the heating elements are designed to be heatable electrically or with a fluid heating medium and are provided pressure-resistant perpendicular to their surface extension for the high pressing pressure, a well controllable heating of the wood layers which are in heat-conducting contact with the heating elements takes place. Since the compression pressure is applied in particular perpendicular to the surface extension of the heating elements, the heating elements must be able to withstand the high pressing pressure in this direction. This can be achieved by a corresponding honeycomb-like stiffening and / or a corresponding fluid counterpressure by the heating medium.
  • two presses may be provided in the container, whose effective directions are arranged perpendicular to each other.
  • the two pressing directions can also be subjected to different pressing pressures to take into account the structural characteristics of the wood to be finished.
  • the pressing pressure is exerted only in one direction, for example on the flat sides of solid wood panels perpendicular to the prevailing fiber direction.
  • the printing device can be arranged with their technical components outside of the container, wherein the transfer of the pressing pressure on the wooden layer located in the container / Heating element stack via pressure-tight guided through the container pressure stamp.
  • the technical elements of the hydraulic press can be monitored and maintained at any time.
  • a wood product is produced from a low-cost raw material having high strength, particularly high surface hardness, superior biological resistance and dimensional stability.
  • the mechanical properties of the so refined wood product are further improved when the wood is processed in a finishing device in a one-step process.
  • the result is a high quality wood product with properties that surpass those of tropical wood, but come from local forestry.
  • Fig. 1 shows the front view of a container 1, which has an elongated cuboid shape.
  • a door 10 in Fig. 1 is removed, the container pressure-tight at its front off (see Fig. 2 ).
  • the container 1 has a bottom 11, two side walls 12, 13 and a ceiling 14. At the end of the container 1 is closed with a rear wall 15.
  • the wood to be finished preferably lies on a carriage 4 which can be moved in and out of the container 1 and which is guided and supported on the floor 11 of the container 1.
  • a printing device 5 in the form of a plunger 51 with associated hydraulic presses 52 is arranged on the ceiling 14 directly opposite the top of the alternately a wood layer 21 and a plate-shaped heating element 31 stack of wood to be finished 2.
  • the hydraulic presses 52 are arranged on the outside of the ceiling 14, wherein the push rods pressure-tight act through the ceiling 14 on the plunger 51.
  • Each plate-shaped heating element 31, which is formed for example as a plate-shaped hollow aluminum body with a honeycomb 1 nnenversteifung is connected to a heater 3 via suitable releasable connections for the forward and reverse (not shown). Alternatively, the heating can also be done electrically.
  • a vacuum pump 6 is connected to the interior of the container 1, which can evacuate the interior of the container 1 with the door 10 closed.
  • the wood to be finished 2 is cut into the desired formats and placed on a cart 4 in a first layer of wood 21.
  • a plate-shaped heating element 31 is stored on this first layer of wood 21.
  • a wood layer 21 is placed from the wood to be refined and then a plate-shaped heating element 31 is deposited. This process is continued up to the maximum stack height until the last turn, a wood layer 21 is deposited.
  • the thus prepared carriage 4 with the wood stack is then retracted into the container 1.
  • the respective plate-shaped heating elements 31 are connected to the supply of the heater 3 and the door 10 is closed.
  • the heater 3 is activated and at the same time the pressure device 5 is controlled so that the plunger 51 by means of the hydraulic presses 52 on the wood stack with low pressure (1 to 10 bar) imposes.
  • the vacuum pump 6 to evacuate the interior of the container 1.
  • the wood compression by increasing the hydraulic pressure on the hydraulic presses 52 to a high pressure greater than or equal to 200 bar, for example, 250 bar while compacting the wood to be refined.
  • a dimensional reduction in the direction of the pressure effect can be achieved by, for example, 50%.
  • the high pressure is slowly reduced and with further heating of the heater 3, the temperature of the plate-shaped heating elements 31 and thus the intervening wood layers 21 to about 160 ° C, for example 230 ° C with simultaneous action of the vacuum by the vacuum pump 6, for example, 200 to 800 mbar carried out the thermal treatment.
  • the desired process duration of, for example, 6 hours is maintained at this temperature.
  • the wood stack is cooled by the heating elements 31 and finally both the pressing pressure by the plunger 51 as well as the negative pressure is reduced. Then the door 10 is opened at pressure-free and moved out of the finished finished pile of wood with the carriage 4.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
EP20120160384 2012-03-20 2012-03-20 Procédé de traitement du bois et dispositif d'exécution du procédé Withdrawn EP2641712A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20120160384 EP2641712A1 (fr) 2012-03-20 2012-03-20 Procédé de traitement du bois et dispositif d'exécution du procédé

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP20120160384 EP2641712A1 (fr) 2012-03-20 2012-03-20 Procédé de traitement du bois et dispositif d'exécution du procédé

Publications (1)

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EP2641712A1 true EP2641712A1 (fr) 2013-09-25

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103921325A (zh) * 2014-04-22 2014-07-16 无锡宇盛厨卫有限公司 一种木材防氧化热处理的方法
CN106182282A (zh) * 2015-12-22 2016-12-07 北京林业大学 一种木材热改性处理方法
WO2021025562A1 (fr) * 2019-08-08 2021-02-11 Rakauco Limited Procédé de modification du bois et produits associés
WO2021025563A1 (fr) * 2019-08-08 2021-02-11 Rakauco Limited Procédé de modification du bois et produits associés

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT76053B (de) 1915-06-25 1919-04-10 Fritz Pfleumer Verfahren zum Verdichten von Holz.
US2217652A (en) * 1937-05-12 1940-10-08 Quick Gretta Laminating press
WO1997023329A1 (fr) * 1995-12-22 1997-07-03 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Procede de traitement du bois
EP0760930B1 (fr) 1994-05-28 1998-07-29 Alfred Opel Secheur a vide pour bois scie et procede de sechage du bois
WO1999054103A1 (fr) * 1998-04-20 1999-10-28 Curt Lindhe Element en bois teinte dans la masse, et procede de fabrication d'elements en bois teintes dans la masse
EP0922918B1 (fr) 1997-12-09 2001-07-04 Stellac Oy Procédé de traitement thermique du bois
EP1002630B1 (fr) 1998-11-17 2004-01-28 Menz, Gertrud Ottilie Procédé de traitement de bois
WO2009040656A2 (fr) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 Danish Concrete Technology Holding Aps Procédé de traitement du bois

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT76053B (de) 1915-06-25 1919-04-10 Fritz Pfleumer Verfahren zum Verdichten von Holz.
US2217652A (en) * 1937-05-12 1940-10-08 Quick Gretta Laminating press
EP0760930B1 (fr) 1994-05-28 1998-07-29 Alfred Opel Secheur a vide pour bois scie et procede de sechage du bois
WO1997023329A1 (fr) * 1995-12-22 1997-07-03 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Procede de traitement du bois
EP0922918B1 (fr) 1997-12-09 2001-07-04 Stellac Oy Procédé de traitement thermique du bois
WO1999054103A1 (fr) * 1998-04-20 1999-10-28 Curt Lindhe Element en bois teinte dans la masse, et procede de fabrication d'elements en bois teintes dans la masse
EP1002630B1 (fr) 1998-11-17 2004-01-28 Menz, Gertrud Ottilie Procédé de traitement de bois
WO2009040656A2 (fr) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 Danish Concrete Technology Holding Aps Procédé de traitement du bois

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
WELZBACHER ET AL.: "Biologische und mechanische Eigenschaften von verdichteter und thermisch behandelter Fichte (Picea abies", HOLZTECHNOLOGIE, vol. 47, 2006, pages 13 - 18

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103921325A (zh) * 2014-04-22 2014-07-16 无锡宇盛厨卫有限公司 一种木材防氧化热处理的方法
CN106182282A (zh) * 2015-12-22 2016-12-07 北京林业大学 一种木材热改性处理方法
CN106182282B (zh) * 2015-12-22 2017-12-05 北京林业大学 一种木材热改性处理方法
WO2021025562A1 (fr) * 2019-08-08 2021-02-11 Rakauco Limited Procédé de modification du bois et produits associés
WO2021025563A1 (fr) * 2019-08-08 2021-02-11 Rakauco Limited Procédé de modification du bois et produits associés

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