EP2667687B1 - Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un agencement de moyen d'éclairage - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un agencement de moyen d'éclairage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2667687B1
EP2667687B1 EP12169128.1A EP12169128A EP2667687B1 EP 2667687 B1 EP2667687 B1 EP 2667687B1 EP 12169128 A EP12169128 A EP 12169128A EP 2667687 B1 EP2667687 B1 EP 2667687B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
output
control device
converter
control switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12169128.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2667687A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Braunschmid
Elmar Hinrichs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vossloh Schwabe Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Vossloh Schwabe Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vossloh Schwabe Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Vossloh Schwabe Deutschland GmbH
Priority to EP12169128.1A priority Critical patent/EP2667687B1/fr
Publication of EP2667687A1 publication Critical patent/EP2667687A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2667687B1 publication Critical patent/EP2667687B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/375—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using buck topology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/39—Circuits containing inverter bridges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/38—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using boost topology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/385—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using flyback topology

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an operation control device and a method for operating a lighting device.
  • the luminous means arrangement has a series connection of a plurality of light-emitting diodes or consists of such a series circuit.
  • the operating control device it is also possible to operate a plurality of such illuminant arrangements, that is to say, for example, a plurality of series connections of light-emitting diodes.
  • DE 10 2010 002 072 A1 For example, to increase the dynamic range of light emitting diodes, it is proposed to provide an adjustable resistor in series with a control switch driven by a pulse width modulated control signal. The current through the LEDs can thereby be pulse width modulated by the control switch. On the other hand, the amplitude of the current can be specified by the adjustable resistor, so that two parameters for brightness adjustment are available. Thus, the amplitude and the pulse width of the current are adjusted.
  • a similar procedure also describes DE 10 2010 000 672 A1 ,
  • Out EP 1 576 858 B1 is an operation control device and a method for operating a lighting device from a series connection of light-emitting diodes known.
  • the aim of the device described therein is to omit the control switch provided in series with the lamp arrangement.
  • the operation control device has a converter controlled by a switching signal.
  • the signal used to drive the transducer to provide an output current to the lamp assembly at the output of the transducer is combined with the pulse width modulated control signal used to adjust the brightness.
  • the higher-frequency switching signal is generated only when the control signal serving to control the brightness has a predetermined digital value, for example the value "1".
  • the switching signal is equal to "0" when the control signal assumes its other state, for example corresponds to the digital value "0".
  • the converter which provides the current for the luminous means arrangement, is, so to speak, operated only in phases analogous to the previously used pulse-width-modulated control signal for adjusting the brightness.
  • a method and an operation control device for operating a lighting device are known.
  • An input circuit supplies a DC input voltage, the input side of which is applied to a controlled by a control device based on a switching signal converter which provides an output current and an output voltage at its output, wherein the lamp assembly is connected to the output of the converter.
  • an output capacitor is connected in parallel to the lamp arrangement, to which the output voltage is applied.
  • the control device controls a control switch which is connected in series with the luminous means arrangement is switched. The controller may drive the converter with the control switch open to prevent the output capacitor from discharging. This should keep output current and output voltage constant.
  • the operating control devices known from the prior art do not always operate satisfactorily at high dimming levels. There may be flicker effects.
  • the control signal is also driven with 0.1% duty cycle. At usual frequencies for the pulse width modulation of over 100 Hz and up to 400 Hz, this leads to very short turn-on times.
  • the low pulse width can lead to an approximately triangular current profile through the luminous means arrangement.
  • this in turn means that the desired luminous flux and thus the desired brightness can no longer be set as intended via the pulse width modulation.
  • the operation control device has an input circuit for providing a DC input voltage.
  • the input circuit can be formed, for example, by a rectifier circuit which generates the DC input voltage from a mains voltage.
  • the DC input voltage is provided to a converter, for example a buck converter, a step-up converter or a flyback converter, which provides an output current at its output.
  • the light-emitting device is arranged at the output of the buck converter.
  • a controller controls the buck converter by means of a switching signal to adjust the output current.
  • an output capacitor is connected to the output of the buck converter, to which the output voltage is applied.
  • a control switch In series with the lamp assembly is a control switch. This is opened and closed by a preferably pulse-width-modulated control signal of the control device for adjusting the brightness of the lamp arrangement.
  • the control device is set up to control the buck converter with the control switch open in such a way that the output capacitor charges during a charging period, which ends in particular with the next closing of the control switch.
  • a charging period no luminous flux flows through the lamp arrangement, since the control switch is open.
  • the output capacitor charged.
  • the control device controls the charging time period or the start of the charging period such that the output current at the output of the buck converter before the closing of the control switch as possible corresponds to the luminous flux through the lamp assembly.
  • the control device determines the charging time duration such that the capacitor voltage at the output capacitor at the time of closing the control switch corresponds as far as possible to the illuminant voltage at the illuminant arrangement when the control switch is closed.
  • the control device can change the charging time duration by measuring the current profile and / or the voltage profile at the lamp arrangement in order to obtain the smallest possible change in the current and / or the voltage at the lamp arrangement when the control switch is closed. The current increase phase of the output current thus takes place, at least partially, even before the closing of the control switch.
  • the invention is therefore suitable and provided in particular for the operating states in which the dimming level is above a predetermined limit value, that is to say for small brightnesses of the lighting device arrangement.
  • This limit value can be predetermined by the fact that the rise time of the luminous flux is smaller down to a predetermined desired value and in particular by at least a factor of 1.5 to 2 is smaller than that corresponding to the dimming level Pulse width.
  • the frequency of the pulse width modulated control signal is smaller by several orders of magnitude than the switching frequency of the switching signal with which the buck converter is driven. For example, there may be three orders of magnitude between these two frequencies.
  • the frequency of the pulse width modulated control signal is about 100 to 200 Hz and the frequency of the switching signal about 300 kHz.
  • At least two of the three parameters mentioned are set.
  • the parameters are determined and set in such a way that at the switching time of the control switch from the open to the closed state, the change of the output current and / or the output voltage is as small as possible and preferably equal to zero.
  • the controller is not fast enough to perform a regulation in the strict sense. Therefore, it is advantageous for the measured values of the luminous flux and / or the luminous flux to be measured over a certain period of time and stored in a memory before the control device evaluates the measured values in order to check whether the charging period has to be adjusted.
  • the measurement and storage of the measured values can take place over several periods of the control signal before an evaluation takes place.
  • the voltage applied to the output of the converter output voltage or the capacitor voltage of the output capacitor can be changed as a parameter by the control unit for adjusting the output current or the output voltage. It depends on the value of the output voltage at the output capacitor at the beginning of the charging period. At the time of switching off the lamp arrangement of the output capacitor is charged to the lamp voltage. In the meantime, to adjust the voltage at the output capacitor, the output capacitor has to be discharged: either passively via an existing measuring device, for example a voltage divider, or active via a reverse operation of the converter.
  • the switching signal generated by the control device for controlling the converter does not change its state when the control switch is open outside and / or within the charging time period.
  • the capacitor can thereby be charged continuously and at least partially discharged outside the charging period via the converter or a measuring device.
  • a measuring device for measuring the voltage for example, a voltage divider may be connected to ground. A certain discharge current from the output capacitor always flows across the voltage divider.
  • the input circuit is formed by a rectifier circuit which generates the DC input voltage from a mains voltage.
  • a rectifier circuit can serve, for example, a flux converter, a flyback converter or a combination thereof.
  • the rectifier circuit can also provide a first DC input voltage and a second DC input voltage with different amounts.
  • first DC input voltage and the second DC input voltage are applied to the two series-connected controlled switching means of the converter.
  • FIG. 1 the block diagram of an embodiment of an operation control device 10 is shown.
  • the operating control device 10 is used to operate a lighting arrangement 11.
  • the lighting arrangement 11 has at least one series connection of a plurality of light sources and preferably of a plurality of light emitting diodes 12.
  • two light emitting diodes 12 are shown, wherein the number depending on the application can also be larger or smaller.
  • the operation control device 10 has an input circuit 15 which provides an input DC voltage UE.
  • the input DC voltage UE can be smoothed via an input capacitor CE.
  • the input circuit 15 is a rectifier circuit 16 which generates a rectified input DC voltage UE from a mains voltage UN.
  • the input DC voltage UE is on the input side to a converter, which is formed in the embodiment described below by a buck converter 17.
  • a buck converter 17 is formed in the embodiment described below by a buck converter 17.
  • a flyback converter or other converter can be used.
  • FIG. 2 An embodiment of the buck converter 17 is in FIG. 2 illustrated.
  • the DC input voltage UE is applied to a series connection of a controlled first switching means 18 and a controlled second switching means 19.
  • the first switching means 18 is connected to the positive potential of the input DC voltage UE, while the second switching means 19 is connected to ground GND.
  • the junction 20 between these two switching means 18, 19 is connected via an inductance L to the output 21 of the buck converter 17.
  • the two controlled Switching means 18, 19 are controlled via a switching signal S, wherein one of the two switching means 18 or 19 is closed and the respective other switching means 19 and 18 is opened.
  • the inductance L is therefore connected either via the second switching means 19 to ground GND or via the first switching means 18 to the positive potential of the Eingans Sammlungschreib UE.
  • the switching signal S is generated by a control device 22.
  • an output capacitor CA is connected between the output 21 and the ground GND.
  • the output capacitor CA is the output voltage UA of the buck converter 17, which corresponds to the capacitor voltage.
  • the output 21 of the buck converter is also connected to the lamp assembly 11.
  • a control switch 23 controlled by the control device 22 by means of a control signal P is arranged.
  • an ohmic resistor R is connected in series with the lamp assembly 11 and the control switch 23.
  • the output voltage UL is measured and transmitted to the control device 22.
  • the output voltage UA corresponds to the luminous flux UL when the voltage drop across the ohmic resistor R is neglected.
  • the illuminant voltage UL corresponds, for example, approximately to the output voltage UA.
  • the luminous flux IL is measured and transmitted to the control device 22.
  • only one of these two measured values can also be detected and transmitted to the control device 22.
  • the voltage drop measured at the ohmic resistance R is measured for detecting the luminous flux IL.
  • the control device 22 is also transmitted a dimming signal D.
  • the dimming signal D indicates which brightness of the lighting device 11 is to be set. Based on the dimming signal in the embodiment, the pulse width of the pulse width modulated control signal P and thus the effective value of the luminous flux IL via the control switch 23 is set, as shown schematically with reference to FIG. 3 is illustrated.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a time course of the control signal P for driving the control switch 23 in the control of the prior art. If this control signal P has the state "1", the control switch 23 is closed. If this control signal P has the state "0”, then the control switch 23 is open. Depending on the switching state of the control switch 23, and thus of the control signal P, a luminous flux IL is established by the luminous means arrangement 11. If the control signal P has a rising edge from 0 to 1, then the luminous flux IL rises during a current increase phase T0 to approximately to a desired value Isoll.
  • the output current IA provided by the buck converter 17 fluctuates (so-called "ripple"), so that the luminous flux IL fluctuates around its nominal value Isoll following the current increase phase T0. If a falling edge occurs in the control signal P, the luminous flux IL drops to zero.
  • the charging period .DELTA.T is selected so that at the first time t1, at which the control switch 23 is closed, the output voltage UA of the lamp voltage UL when the switch 23 is closed and / or the output current IA flowing through the lamp assembly 11 when the switch 23 is closed Illuminant current IL corresponds.
  • This ideal case is in the FIGS. 4 and 5D shown.
  • the output current IA and the output voltage UA ideally have no jump in closing the control switch 23 at the first time t1.
  • the luminous flux IL or the luminous flux UL are already sufficiently large at the time of closing the control switch 23 to be able to adjust the brightness of the luminous arrangement 11.
  • the current increase phase T0 of the output current IA is, so to speak, brought forward and takes place even before the closing of the control switch 23. Regardless of the pulse width W can therefore be done via the pulse width modulation accurate brightness control of the lamp assembly 11.
  • the output current IA which has previously charged the output capacitor CA, flows through the lighting device 11.
  • the second duty cycle G2 of the switching signal S can also be varied after the end of the charging period ⁇ T when the control switch 23 is closed in order to set the luminous flux IL.
  • the initial value U0 of the output voltage UA at the output capacitor CA can be set by deliberately discharging before the beginning of the charging period ⁇ T.
  • a step-down converter 17 or another converter used in place of the step-down converter 17 with two controlled switching means 18, 19, an active, targeted discharging of the output capacitor CA can take place by reverse operation, so that its voltage at the beginning of the charge period ⁇ T has the desired initial value U0.
  • a measuring device can serve, for example, a voltage divider. A certain discharge over this voltage divider always takes place.
  • one of the two voltage divider resistors to increase the discharge current from the output capacitor CA can be bridged by a suitable controllable switching means.
  • the output voltage UA at the output capacitor CA is known at the beginning of the charging period ⁇ T.
  • the voltage applied to the lamp assembly 11 lamp voltage UL with the control switch closed 23 and in the conductive state of the lamp assembly 11 is known.
  • a regulation of the transient response upon closing of the control switch 23 is not possible because this transient process takes place in a much too short time, for example, within about 40 microseconds.
  • a setting is specified by the control device 22, which prevents the output voltage UA at the output capacitor CA when closing the control switch 23 exceeds the light source voltage UL, which is applied to the light-emitting device 11 during flow of a luminous flux IL.
  • Control device 22 evaluates this the time course of the luminous flux IL and the light source voltage UL. It depends not only on the amount, but also on the time course of the voltage and the current at the lamp assembly 11. Based on FIGS. 5A to 5D the process is exemplified.
  • the starting time t0 indicates the start of the charging period ⁇ T.
  • the output capacitor CA is charged.
  • the luminous flux IL should reach the setpoint Isoll.
  • the control device 22 therefore increases the time duration of the charging period ⁇ T and increases the first duty cycle G1 of the switching signal S during the charging period. Since the luminous flux IL tends to decrease after reaching the breakdown voltage of the luminous means arrangement 11, the second duty cycle G2 of the switching signal S is also increased after the first time t1.
  • the example given in FIG. 5B illustrated situation.
  • the luminous flux IL is still smaller than the desired value Isoll at the first time t1 and only rises after this first time t1.
  • the luminous flux IL tends to increase, so that the second duty cycle G2 of the switching signal S is slightly reduced again by the control device 22.
  • the control device 22 increases in the embodiment, the time duration of the charging period .DELTA.T again.
  • the initial value U0 of the output voltage UA at the output capacitor CA could not be changed at the output time t0, then an optimum would have been reached.
  • the initial value U0 can be adapted by deliberately discharging the output capacitor CA before the start of the charging period ⁇ T. In this case, the initial value U0 is increased to match the output voltage UA at the time of closing the control switch 23 to the charging period ⁇ T shortened by the controller 22 because of the excessively high luminous flux IL.
  • the charging period ⁇ T is shortened. If the voltage at time t1 is too low as a result, the initial value U0 of the output voltage UA at the output capacitor CA is increased at the beginning of the charging period ⁇ T.
  • the initial value U0 of the output voltage UA is reduced by deliberately discharging the output capacitor CA before the beginning of the charging period ⁇ T. If the luminous flux IL is too small at the first time t1, the charging period ⁇ T is increased. Conversely, should the luminous flux IL be too large at the first time t1, the charging period .DELTA.T can be shortened and / or the first duty cycle G1 of the switching signal S can be reduced.
  • the second duty cycle G2 of the switching signal S is reduced after the first time t1. Conversely, this second duty cycle G2 is increased after the first time t1, when the luminous flux IL decreases after the first time t1.
  • FIG. 6 a second embodiment of an operation control device 10 is illustrated.
  • Matching parts with the first embodiment according to FIG. 1 have the same reference numerals. In that regard, reference is made to the above description. Only the differences are explained below.
  • the input circuit 15 provides a first DC input voltage UE1 and a second DC input voltage UE2 having different DC voltage values.
  • the first DC input voltage UE1 is applied to a series connection of a first input capacitor CE1 and a second input capacitor CE2.
  • the voltage at the second input capacitor CE2 corresponds to the second input direct voltage UE2, which is therefore smaller than the first input direct voltage UE1.
  • Both input DC voltages UE1, UE2 are positive.
  • the voltage difference between these two DC input voltages UE1, UE2, ie the voltage at the first input capacitor CE1 is applied to the series connection of the two controlled switching means 18, 19. When the first switching means is closed, the inductance L is connected to the potential corresponding to the first input direct voltage UE 1.
  • the inductance L When the second switching means 19 is closed, the inductance L is connected to the potential of the second input direct voltage UE2.
  • the voltage difference between the two input DC voltages UE1, UE2 can be for example 2 or 3 volts.
  • the voltage difference between the two input DC voltages UE1, UE2 is present at the respectively open switching means 18 or 19 of the buck converter 17.
  • the switching losses when switching the switching means 18, 19 are significantly reduced.
  • the second embodiment corresponds to FIG. 6 the first embodiment, so that reference is made to the above description.
  • the invention relates to a method and an operating control device 10 for operating a lamp arrangement 11, which in particular has a series connection of light-emitting diodes 12.
  • the operating control device 10 has a buck converter 17, which is controlled by a control signal 22 via a switching signal S and provides an output current IA at its output 21. At this output 21, both the lamp assembly 11, and an output capacitor CA is connected.
  • a control switch 23 is controlled via a pulse width modulated control signal P by the controller 22 and is in series with the lamp assembly 11. Before closing the control switch 23 is charged in a charging time .DELTA.T the Beneficikondenstor CA and the output current IA increases. As a result, the current increase phase T0 is already carried out before the closing of the control switch 23, so that even with small pulse widths W of the control signal P, flicker effects of the illuminant arrangement 11 are avoided.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement (10) destiné à faire fonctionner un agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11),
    comprenant un circuit d'entrée (15) pour la mise à disposition d'une tension continue d'entrée (UE),
    comprenant un dispositif de commande (22),
    comprenant un convertisseur (17) qui est commandé par le dispositif de commande (22), à l'aide d'un signal de commutation (S) et auquel la tension continue d'entrée (UE) est appliquée côté entrée, et qui délivre à sa sortie (21) un courant de sortie IA) et une tension de sortie (UA), sachant que l'agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11) est connecté à la sortie (21) du convertisseur (17),
    comprenant un condensateur de sortie (CA) auquel est appliquée la tension de sortie (UA),
    comprenant des moyens destinés à mesurer le courant de moyen d'éclairage (IL) traversant l'agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11),
    et comprenant un commutateur de commande (23) qui est activé par le dispositif de commande (22), en vue du réglage de la luminosité de l'agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11), et qui est monté en série avec l'agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11),
    caractérisé en ce que l'on prédéfinit pour le dispositif de commande (22), une valeur de consigne pour la tension de sortie (UA) lorsque le commutateur de commande (23) est ouvert, valeur qui est égale à la tension de moyen d'éclairage (UL) lorsque le commutateur de commande (23) est fermé, et une valeur de consigne (Isoll) pour un courant de moyen d'éclairage (IL) lorsque le commutateur de commande (23) est fermé,
    en ce qu'il est prévu des moyens destinés à mesurer la tension de sortie (UA) appliquée à la sortie du convertisseur, et la valeur mesurée pour le courant de moyen d'éclairage (IL) et la valeur mesurée pour la tension de sortie (UA) sont transmises au dispositif de commande (22) en vue de l'évaluation, sachant que le dispositif de commande (22) est conçu pour enregistrer les valeurs mesurées dans une mémoire (24), avant l'évaluation,
    en ce que le dispositif de commande (22) compare la valeur mesurée enregistrée pour le courant de moyen d'éclairage (IL) et la valeur mesurée enregistrée pour la tension de sortie (UA) avec la valeur de consigne (Isoll, UL) respectivement associée,
    et en ce que le dispositif de commande (22) est conçu pour activer le convertisseur (17), lorsque le commutateur de commande (23) est ouvert, de manière à ce que le convertisseur (17) charge le condensateur de sortie (CA) pendant une durée de charge (ΔT) avant la fermeture suivante (t1) du commutateur de commande (23), de sorte que le courant de sortie (IA) à la sortie (21) du convertisseur (17) augmente pendant la durée de charge (ΔT), avant que le dispositif de commande (22) ne ferme le commutateur de commande (23), sachant que le dispositif de commande (22), en fonction de la comparaison, règle au moins deux des paramètres ci-après, en vue de l'adaptation du courant de moyen d'éclairage (IL) et de la tension de sortie (UA) à la valeur de consigne respective :
    - la durée de charge (ΔT),
    - une valeur initiale (U0) de la tension du condensateur de sortie (CA) au début de la durée de charge,
    - un taux d'impulsions du signal de commutation (S) commandant le convertisseur (17), pendant la durée de charge (ΔT).
  2. Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande (22) active le commutateur de commande (23) par le biais d'un signal de commande (P) à modulation d'impulsions en largeur.
  3. Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement (10) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence du signal de commande (P) à modulation d'impulsions en largeur est inférieure de plusieurs ordres de grandeur à la fréquence de commutation du signal de commutation (S) avec lequel le dispositif de commande (22) active le convertisseur (17).
  4. Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11) présente un montage en série de plusieurs diodes électroluminescentes (12).
  5. Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier taux d'impulsions (G1) du signal de commutation (S) produit par le dispositif de commande (22), en vue de l'activation du convertisseur (17), est constant à l'intérieur de la durée de charge (ΔT) et/ou se distingue du deuxième taux d'impulsions (G2) à la fin de la durée de charge (ΔT).
  6. Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'entrée (15) est constitué d'un circuit redresseur (16) qui produit la tension continue d'entrée (UE) à partir d'une tension de réseau (UN).
  7. Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit redresseur (16) produit une première tension continue d'entrée (UE1) et une deuxième tension continue d'entrée (UE2) dont les valeurs sont différentes, le convertisseur (17) présentant deux moyens de commutation (18, 19) commandés, montés en série, et la différence de tension entre les deux tensions continues d'entrée (UE1, UE2) étant appliquée au montage en série des deux moyens de commutation (18, 19) commandés.
  8. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11), comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - production d'une tension continue d'entrée (UE),
    - production d'un courant de sortie (IA) pour l'agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11) à partir de la tension continue d'entrée (UE), sur une sortie (21) d'un convertisseur (17),
    - activation d'un commutateur de commande (23) qui est monté en série avec l'agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11), en vue du réglage de la luminosité de l'agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11),
    - mesure du courant de moyen d'éclairage (IL) traversant l'agencement de moyen d'éclairage (11),
    caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    - prédéfinition d'une valeur de consigne pour la tension de sortie (UA) lorsque le commutateur de commande (23) est ouvert, valeur qui est égale à la tension de moyen d'éclairage (UL) lorsque le commutateur de commande (23) est fermé, et d'une valeur de consigne (Isoll) pour un courant de moyen d'éclairage (IL) lorsque le commutateur de commande (23) est fermé,
    - mesure de la tension de sortie (UA) appliquée à la sortie du convertisseur, et transmission de la valeur mesurée pour le courant de moyen d'éclairage (IL) et de la valeur mesurée pour la tension de sortie (UA), à un dispositif de commande (22), en vue de l'évaluation, sachant que le dispositif de commande (22) est conçu pour enregistrer les valeurs mesurées dans une mémoire (24), avant l'évaluation,
    - comparaison de la valeur mesurée enregistrée respective pour le courant de moyen d'éclairage (IL) et pour la tension de sortie (UA) avec la valeur de consigne (Isoll, UL) respectivement associée,
    - activation du convertisseur (17), lorsque le commutateur de commande (23) est ouvert, de manière à ce que le convertisseur (17) charge un condensateur de sortie (CA), à la sortie du convertisseur (17), pendant une durée de charge (ΔT) avant la fermeture suivante (t1) du commutateur de commande (23), de sorte que le courant de sortie (IA) à la sortie (21) du convertisseur augmente pendant la durée de charge (ΔT), avant que le dispositif de commande (22) ne ferme le commutateur de commande (23), sachant que le dispositif de commande (22), en fonction de la comparaison, règle au moins deux des paramètres ci-après, en vue de l'adaptation du courant de moyen d'éclairage (IL) et de la tension de moyen d'éclairage (UL) à la valeur de consigne respective :
    - la durée de charge (DT),
    - une valeur initiale (U0) de la tension du condensateur de sortie (CA) au début de la durée de charge,
    - un taux d'impulsions du signal de commutation (S) commandant le convertisseur (17), pendant la durée de charge (ΔT).
EP12169128.1A 2012-05-23 2012-05-23 Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un agencement de moyen d'éclairage Not-in-force EP2667687B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12169128.1A EP2667687B1 (fr) 2012-05-23 2012-05-23 Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un agencement de moyen d'éclairage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12169128.1A EP2667687B1 (fr) 2012-05-23 2012-05-23 Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un agencement de moyen d'éclairage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2667687A1 EP2667687A1 (fr) 2013-11-27
EP2667687B1 true EP2667687B1 (fr) 2017-01-11

Family

ID=46172697

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12169128.1A Not-in-force EP2667687B1 (fr) 2012-05-23 2012-05-23 Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement et procédé de fonctionnement d'un agencement de moyen d'éclairage

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2667687B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023123595A1 (de) 2023-09-01 2025-03-06 TRUMPF Laser SE Stromstelleranordnung für eine Leuchtmittelanordnung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Leuchtmittelanordnung

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20024002U1 (de) * 2000-03-17 2009-03-26 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg Spannungsversorgung von Leuchtdioden (LEDs)
US7071762B2 (en) 2001-01-31 2006-07-04 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Supply assembly for a led lighting module
DE102007004877A1 (de) * 2007-01-31 2008-08-14 Infineon Technologies Austria Ag Schaltungsanordnung zur Ansteuerung von Leuchtdioden
DE102007040783A1 (de) * 2007-08-28 2009-03-12 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Verfahren zur Ansteuerung von nichtlinearen Lastelementen
JP2010170845A (ja) * 2009-01-22 2010-08-05 Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd 電源装置及びそれを用いた照明器具
CN102550128B (zh) * 2009-09-30 2015-02-11 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 Led驱动器的调光
DE102010000672A1 (de) 2010-01-05 2011-07-07 Tridonic Ag Kombiniertes Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Leuchtmittels sowie Betriebsschaltung
DE102010002072A1 (de) 2010-02-18 2011-08-18 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung, 81543 Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben mindestens einer Leuchtdiode

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2667687A1 (fr) 2013-11-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE102006034371B4 (de) Betriebsschaltung und Betriebsverfahren für Leuchtdioden
EP2345308B1 (fr) Circuit de fonctionnement destiné à des led
EP2829157B1 (fr) Circuit de commande pour diodes électroluminescentes avec signal de variation de lumière issu d`un signal en trains d'impulsions modulés a haute fréquence, avec des fréquences accordées
EP3308604B1 (fr) Circuit de convertisseurs à oscillateur bloqué synchronisés
EP2425680B1 (fr) Circuit pour faire fonctionner des diodes luminescentes
WO2016134945A1 (fr) Régulateur pour faire fonctionner des moyens d'éclairage avec une commande de valeur d'intensité de pointe et détection de valeur moyenne d'intensité
WO2014005981A1 (fr) Ensemble et procédé de commande de diodes électroluminescentes en fonction du niveau de tension d'entrée, au moyen d'un commutateur à branche
DE102014106869B4 (de) LED-Beleuchtungsvorrichtung und Beleuchtungsgerät
DE112009002500B4 (de) Betriebsschaltung für LEDs und Verfahren zum Betreiben von LEDs
AT12464U1 (de) Betriebsschaltung für leuchtdioden
EP2351460A1 (fr) Circuit de commande pour diodes électroluminescentes
EP3393207B1 (fr) Régulateur de commutation destiné au fonctionnement de moyens lumineux à suppression de luminescence résiduelle
DE102016107578A1 (de) Betriebsschaltung und Verfahren zum Betreiben wenigstens eines Leuchtmittels
AT12495U1 (de) Fehlererkennung für leuchtdioden
DE102016206772A1 (de) Getakteter Wandler für dimmbare Leuchtmittel mit dynamisch einstellbarem Filter
EP2667687A1 (fr) Dispositif de commande de fonctionnement et procédé de fonctionnement dýun agencement de moyen d'éclairage
DE102013211767A1 (de) Betriebsschaltung für leuchtdioden
EP2811634A1 (fr) Procédé de réglage d'une intensité du courant destiné au fonctionnement d'une source lumineuse semi-conductrice d'un dispositif d'éclairage
EP3662724B1 (fr) Appareil de commande pour une charge électrique et procédé
DE102014221554A1 (de) Pulsweitenmodulierte Ansteuerung einer getakteten Schaltung mit einstellbarer Leistungsübertragung
DE102012206044A1 (de) Betrieb von Leuchtdioden
DE202017104810U1 (de) Konverterschaltung und Regelung einer Konverterschaltung
DE102013105463B3 (de) Betriebsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer dimmbaren Leuchtmittelanordnung
WO2014176608A1 (fr) Circuit d'exploitation pour diodes électroluminescentes
WO2011130770A1 (fr) Ballast pour diodes électroluminescentes

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20131206

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20160302

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20160923

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 862317

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20170115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502012009265

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20170111

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170411

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170412

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170511

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170511

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170411

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170531

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502012009265

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20171012

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20170523

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170531

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20180131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170523

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20170531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170523

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170523

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 862317

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20170523

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170531

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170523

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20120523

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170111

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 502012009265

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: H05B0033080000

Ipc: H05B0045000000

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170111

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20210630

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502012009265

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221201