Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
  • F01D5/12—Blades
  • F01D5/14—Form or construction
  • F01D5/147—Construction, i.e. structural features, e.g. of weight-saving hollow blades
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
  • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
  • F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
  • F04D25/088—Ceiling fans
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
  • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
  • F04D29/38—Blades
  • F04D29/384—Blades characterised by form
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
  • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H3/00—Air heaters
  • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
  • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
  • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
  • F24H3/0411—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between for domestic or space-heating systems

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a heating fan.
• a special segment of all these fans is provided with heating means such that as the fan is activated the air which the blades/wings of the fan engage will be heated thereby increasing the overall room temperature.
• heating means such that as the fan is activated the air which the blades/wings of the fan engage will be heated thereby increasing the overall room temperature. Examples of fans incorporating heating means are found in US 2009/0116961, US 4504191, US 449414.
• the invention addresses this by providing a heating fan, where said ft
• each wing has a leading and trailing edge, defining upper and lower surfaces there between where at least one wing has electrical heating means integrated or connected to said upper surface, where at least more than half the length of the leading and/or trailing edge is bent downwards relative to the surface of the wing.
• the wing profile in a cross section perpendicular to the radial extent of the wing relative to the hub comprises three distinct substantially linear sections, a first linear section extending between 5 to 25 mm from the leading edge and a second linear section extending between 5 to 25 mm from the trailing edge, and a third linear section arranged between the first and second sections, where said third linear section has an extent between 35 and 110 mm, where the first and second linear sections are angled 5° to 60° relative to the third section.
• the actual dimensions recited in this embodiment ensures that sufficient surface space is pro- vided for the heating element such that a substantial amount of energy may be provided for the contact zone between the air and the wing and at the same time enough wing area is provided in order to move the air coming into contact with the heating fan.
• the bent sections solely serve to create turbulence in order to optimize the heat exchange capabilities between the sur- heat exchange capabilities between the surface of the fan blade and the ⁇
• the heating means is provided by metal leads having an Ohm-resistance of approximately 40 ⁇ or more, where said metal leads are embedded in a thick film heat distributing lacquer layerpreferably containing glass.
• the heating fan which is a desirable feature. Therefore, in order to provide the present invention with as large a heating surface as possible the leads are evenly distributed on the surface, and in order to further redistribute the heat the thick film layer will distribute the generated heat substantially evenly across the entire surface of the heating fan blade.
• a suitable material is "insulating composition 4924" available from ESL electro-science, USA. This paste is applied in a silk-screen process in the desired layer thickness as indicated by the manufacturer.
• the paste comprises ultra-micro glass particles balls which provide the special characteristics making it especially suitable for the present application.
• the thermal characteristics substantially correspond to the base material, which typically may be stainless ferritic steel. In this manner undesired cracks in the heat distributing thick-film layer is minimised or altogether avoided, as gether avoided, as the material is able to move with the steel during opi
• An actual wing construction used in the development of the present invention was made from stainless steel.
• a first layer of di-electric "insulating composition 4924" was applied. The layer was placed in an oven and the layer hardened. Thereafter an electrical lead made from a thick film silver palladium material was arranged on the surface (as illustrated in fig. 2), and thereafter hardened. Finally a further very thin layer of "insulating composition 4924" was placed and cured. The top layer being so thin as being substantially transparent.
• the blades used with the present invention will be made from a metal, often regular steel, and as the heat is generated by means of the resistor heating element provided on the surface of the blade, the blade itself will also heat up. This heating will cause thermal expansion and by selecting the thick layer lacquer appropriately it is possible to select a lacquer which has substantially the same thermal expansion coefficient as the steel, such that a coherent surface without cracks will be provided. In this connection it is important that cracks do not occur in that this will be detrimental to the heat distribution and thereby the effective area of the blade which is able to transmit heat from the source of energy through the heating element and through the air which it is desirable to heat.
• the surface of the blades may be provided with means such as dimples, ridges, grooves, or other unevenness in order to increase the turbulence creating capability of the blade. In this manner the heat transfer capability between the blades and the ambient air is increased.
• the hub comprises a collector ⁇ w.
• the collector comprises a central non-conductive member, where at least a first and a second conductive member is arranged about said central non-conductive member, where non-conductive means are arranged between said first and second conductive members, and where first and second blade means are arranged for conductive contact with first and second conductive members respectively, and where said first and second blade means comprises means for a conductive connection to the heating means arranged on the wings.
• the present invention therefore provides a collector arranged in the hub such that as the blades rotate around the hub energy will still be transferred to the heating elements on the blades.
• the relatively large area is achieved by having the first and second blade means engaging surfaces on the first and second conductive members such that instead of a conductive member being in contact with the edge of the first conductive member as is the case in a dynamo or other stator-rotor arrangements, the blade's increased surface provides the possibility to transfer more energy.
• the collector may be provided with any number of power transfer surfaces simply by alternating the construction such that a conductive blade member is in rotatable contact with a conductive means and that non-conductive means are conductive means are interposed between the conductive arrangeme
• the central non-conductive member is symmetrical about a central axis, and the non conductive means are integral with the central member, and furthermore electrical leads may be arranged in the central non conductive member and brought into electrical contact with the conductive members.
• Figure 1 illustrates a ceiling mounted fan
• FIG. 2 illustrates a blade according to the invention
• FIG. 3 and 4 illustrate collectors according to the invention
• FIG 1 a ceiling mounted fan where the fan 1 by fastening means 2 is attached to a ceiling 3.
• a stem 4 connects the fastening means 2 to a hub 5.
• the hub comprises motor means for rotating the blades 6 as well as collector means for distributing electrical power to the heating means arranged on the blades 6.
• the heating fan is energized the blades 6 will rotate on an axle substantially parallel to the stem such that the blades 6 will come into contact with the surrounding air and due to the energy exchange between the heating element positioned on a surface of the blade 6 heat will be transferred to the air and due to the position of the blades 6 the air will be propelled in this embodiment downwards.
• the downwards air movement will create under-pressure above the blades such that air will be pulled into and towards the blades. In this manner circulation of substantially all the air in a closed room may be achieved.
• a critical and important aspect of the invention is the ability to transfer heat from the heating element arranged under blade 6 to the surrounding air.
• FIG 2 is illustrated a blade according to the invention. The blade
• the sections 11 and 12 are arrai
• leading edges 13, 14 and are substantially identical.
• the surface between the sections 11, 12 is covered by a thick film lacquer layer 15 in which is embedded a resistance heating element 16.
• a resistance heating element 16 As energy is provided in the form of electricity to the heating element, i.e. the combined lacquered surface 15 and the heating element 16 covering substantially all of the section 10 will heat up.
• the blade 6 As the blade 6 is rotated having either the edge 13 or 14 as leading edge and the other as trailing edge air will due to the angle between the section 10 and the sections 11, 12 pass across the surface 10 not as a laminar flow but as a turbulent flow due to the angled sections. In this manner the heat exchange between the heating element arranged on the surface 10 and the air which the blade 6 passes due to its rotation will be greatly improved such that more energy may be provided by the heating fan.
• FIG 2 is illustrated a fan blade having a cross section with two substantially equally sized leading and trailing sections 11, 12 respectively, but they may have different extent and also it is contemplated that only part of the edges 13, 14 may be provided with sections 11, 12 turned out of the plane of the remaining surface 10.
• the blade illustrated in figure 2 has proven to be extremely effective in that tests were repeatedly carried out in a room where it was desirable to elevate the temperature from approximately 6°C to 20°C.
• the room has the size of approximately 4x5 metres and approximately 3 metres to the ceiling. After the temperature of 6°C had been registered the fan was turned on. The power consumption of the heating fan was adjusted to maximum level throughout the entire period of heating and after 13-16 minutes of rotating the fan at maximum power, the room temperature had increased from 6°C to 20°C.
• the heating fan used for this test had three blades arranged evenly around the perimeter of the hub where each blade was approximately 38 cm long and the first and third sections were approximately 10 mm, such that the central surface 10 on which the heating element 16 was arranged at an area of approx. 9 cm by 25 cm.
• the blades were made from a standard steel blade approximately 1.5 mm thick.
• the room temperature was measured approximately 1 meter above the floor at a location approximately 2 metres from the axis of the stem of the heating fan. Furthermore, tests indicate that each blade as described above is able t(
• the control electronics in the fan may therefore be programmed to only allow the blades to produce less power, or alternatively the blades shall be connected to a more powerful source of electricity.
• the fans may furthermore be designed to the specific geographic conditions where they are used. For example in European Mediterranean countries the normal fuse size is 6 Amp whereas in northern Europe/Scandinavia 10 or 16 Amp fuses are used. Therefore the wattage which the fan may produce is adapted accordingly.
• the present invention has solved this with a collector as illustrated in figure 3
• the collector 20 comprises a first and non-conductive core member 21 which serve to isolate first and second conductive members 22, 23.
• the first and second conductive members 22, 23 are in the shape of rings made from a metal or metal alloy, for example copper or the like.
• the insulation core 21 may be made from any suitable non-conductive material such as for example plastic, ceramic or the like.
• the non-conductive core member is symmetric such that the conductive members 22, 23 preferably are in the shape of rings.
• the non-conductive core member 21 and the rings 22, 23 are stationary such that the first and second plate members 24, 25 may be rotated relative to the conductive rings 22, 23.
• the surfaces facing each other of the ring members 22 and plate member 25 respectively and the ring member 23 and plate member 24 respectively provides for an electric connection between a stationary part 22, 23 and the rotatable parts 24, 25.
• the interface surface between these conductive parts is relatively large such that substantial amounts of electricity may be transferred during rotation of the heating fan.
• the plate members 24, 25 are provided with a copper layer in order to ensure electric conductivity with as little resistance as possible.
• the blade members 24, 25 are urged towards each other, for example
• the electricity is supplied to the ring members 22, 23 by means of electrical leads 26, 27 hav- ing opposite polarity.
• collector in figure 4 comprises all the elements of the collector illustrated with reference to figure 3 but has an additional set of conductive members 28, 29 such that each electrical phase will have dedicated conductive members for the transfer of power from the stationary to the rotational parts.
• the collector may be expanded to include further sets of conductive and non- conductive elements depending on the number of electrical leads desirable to be providing power for the heating elements 16 provided on the blades 6.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2012
  • 2012-02-07 CN CN2012800080166A patent/CN103443471A/zh active Pending
  • 2012-02-07 EP EP12704496.4A patent/EP2673513B1/fr active Active
  • 2012-02-07 US US13/984,130 patent/US20140056578A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-02-07 WO PCT/DK2012/050045 patent/WO2012107047A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2012-02-07 CA CA 2825268 patent/CA2825268A1/fr not_active Abandoned

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