EP2685620A1 - Bidirektionaler gleichspannungswandler und stromquellensystem - Google Patents

Bidirektionaler gleichspannungswandler und stromquellensystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2685620A1
EP2685620A1 EP12754309.8A EP12754309A EP2685620A1 EP 2685620 A1 EP2685620 A1 EP 2685620A1 EP 12754309 A EP12754309 A EP 12754309A EP 2685620 A1 EP2685620 A1 EP 2685620A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching element
output terminal
side input
high voltage
low voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP12754309.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2685620B1 (de
EP2685620A4 (de
Inventor
Seiichi Ando
Ken-ichi IWAO
Tomohiro Tanabe
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Shindengen Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Shindengen Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Publication of EP2685620A4 publication Critical patent/EP2685620A4/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/337—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
    • H02M3/3376—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bidirectional DC-DC converter and a power supply system.
  • a conventional bidirectional DC-DC converter ( JP2002-165448A , for example) has bidirectional direct-current/alternating-current converting parts on the both sides of a transformer.
  • a choke coil acting as a smoothing coil is used as a choke coil of a choke coil-using chopper circuit-type inverter in forward power transmission, and a switching and rectifying part between the choke coil and a secondary coil of the transformer functions as a rectifier in forward power transmission.
  • the switching and rectifying part functions as a chopper circuit.
  • a bidirectional DC-DC converter comprises:
  • the low voltage-side rectifying circuit may comprise:
  • the transformer may comprise:
  • the bidirectional DC-DC converter may further comprises:
  • the controlling circuit may turn on the second and third switching elements from a state where the first to eighth switching elements are turned off, and then may turn on the fifth and eighth switching elements.
  • the controlling circuit may turn off the first to eighth switching elements, and then may turn off the second, third, fifth and eighth switching elements from the state where the second, third, fifth and eighth switching elements are turned on.
  • the controlling circuit in the step-down operation, may turn on the first and fourth switching elements from the state where the first to eighth switching elements are turned off, and then may turn on the sixth and seventh switching elements.
  • the controlling circuit in the step-down operation, may turn off the first to eighth switching elements, and then may turn off the first, fourth, sixth and seventh switching elements from the state where the first, fourth, sixth and seventh switching elements are turned on.
  • the bidirectional DC-DC converter may further comprise: a first smoothing capacitor connected between the first low voltage-side input/output terminal and the second low voltage-side input/output terminal; and a second smoothing capacitor connected between the first high voltage-side input/output terminal and the second high voltage-side input/output terminal.
  • the number of turns of the second winding is greater than the number of turns of the first winding.
  • the LC resonant circuit may comprise:
  • the first to eighth switching elements may be MOS transistors.
  • the first to eighth switching elements may be n-channel MOS transistors.
  • the bidirectional DC-DC converter may further comprise:
  • the transformer may be homopolar.
  • the controlling circuit may apply a controlling signal to gates of the MOS transistors, thereby controls turning on and off of the MOS transistors.
  • a power supply system comprises:
  • the power supply system may further comprise:
  • an alternating-current generator or a load may be connected to the inverter circuit.
  • the low voltage-side rectifying circuit comprises:
  • the transformer comprises:
  • the power supply system may further comprise:
  • the controlling circuit may turn on the second and third switching elements from a state where the first to eighth switching elements are turned off, and then may turn on the fifth and eighth switching elements.
  • the controlling circuit in the step-down operation, may turn off the first to eighth switching elements, and then may turn off the second, third, fifth and eighth switching elements from the state where the second, third, fifth and eighth switching elements are turned on.
  • the controlling circuit in the step-down operation, may turn on the first and fourth switching elements from the state where the first to eighth switching elements are turned off, and then may turn on the sixth and seventh switching elements.
  • the controlling circuit in the step-down operation, may turn off the first to eighth switching elements, and then may turn off the first, fourth, sixth and seventh switching elements from the state where the first, fourth, sixth and seventh switching elements are turned on.
  • the bidirectional DC-DC converter may perform step-down operation.
  • a controlling circuit achieves switching of MOS transistors serving as switching elements in a low voltage-side rectifying circuit.
  • the bidirectional DC-DC converter can achieve switching by more appropriate partial voltage resonance.
  • the converter efficiency of the bidirectional DC-DC converter is improved, occurrence of noise is reduced, and breakdown of the switching elements can be prevented.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a power supply system 1000 according to an embodiment 1, which is an aspect of the present invention.
  • the power supply system 1000 includes a bidirectional DC-DC converter 100, a battery 200 and an inverter circuit 300.
  • the battery 200 is connected to a first low voltage-side input/output terminal 100a of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 100 at a positive electrode thereof and to a second low voltage-side input/output terminal 100b of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 100 at a negative electrode thereof.
  • the inverter circuit 300 is connected to a first high voltage-side input/output terminal 100c and a second high voltage-side input/output terminal 100d of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 100 and is configured to perform conversion between a direct current and an alternating current.
  • an alternating-current generator or a load which is not shown in the figure, is connected to the inverter circuit 300.
  • the bidirectional DC-DC converter 100 has the first low voltage-side input/output terminal 100a, the second low voltage-side input/output terminal 100b, the first high voltage-side input/output terminal 100c, the second high voltage-side input/output terminal 100d, a low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101, a high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102, a controlling circuit 103, an LC resonant circuit 104, a first smoothing capacitor "C1", a second smoothing capacitor "C2" and a transformer "T", for example.
  • the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101 is connected to the first low voltage-side input/output terminal 100a and the second low voltage-side input/output terminal 100b.
  • the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101 has a first switching element "Q1", a second switching element “Q2", a third switching element “Q3” and a fourth switching element “Q4", which are n-channel MOS transistors, and a first diode “D1”, a second diode “D2”, a third diode “D3” and a fourth diode “D4", for example.
  • the first switching element "Q1" is connected to the first low voltage-side input/output terminal 100a at one end thereof.
  • the second switching element "Q2" is connected to the first low voltage-side input/output terminal 100a at one end thereof.
  • the third switching element "Q3" is connected to the other end of the first switching element “Q1" at one end thereof and to the second low voltage-side input/output terminal 100b at the other end thereof.
  • the fourth switching element "Q4" is connected to the other end of the second switching element "Q2" at one end thereof and to the second low voltage-side input/output terminal 100b at the other end thereof.
  • the first diode "D1" is connected to the one end of the first switching element "Q1" at a cathode thereof and to the other end of the first switching element "Q1" at an anode thereof.
  • the second diode "D2" is connected to the one end of the second switching element "Q2" at a cathode thereof and to the other end of the second switching element "Q2" at an anode thereof.
  • the third diode "D3" is connected to the one end of the third switching element "Q3" at a cathode thereof and to the other end of the third switching element "Q3" at an anode thereof.
  • the fourth diode "D4" is connected to the one end of the fourth switching element "Q4" at a cathode thereof and to the other end of the fourth switching element "Q4" at an anode thereof.
  • the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102 is connected to the first high voltage-side input/output terminal 100c and the second high voltage-side input/output terminal 100d.
  • the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102 has a fifth switching element "Q5", a sixth switching element “Q6", a seventh switching element “Q7” and an eighth switching element “Q8", which are n-channel MOS transistors, and a fifth diode "D5", a sixth diode “D6", a seventh diode “D7” and an eighth diode “D8", for example.
  • the fifth switching element "Q5" is connected to the first high voltage-side input/output terminal 100c at one end thereof.
  • the sixth switching element "Q6" is connected to the first high voltage-side input/output terminal 100c at one end thereof.
  • the seventh switching element "Q7" is connected to the other end of the fifth switching element "Q5" at one end thereof and to the second high voltage-side input/output terminal 100d at the other end thereof.
  • the eighth switching element "Q8" is connected to the other end of the sixth switching element "Q6" at one end thereof and to the second high voltage-side input/output terminal 100d at the other end thereof.
  • the fifth diode "D5" is connected to the one end of the fifth switching element "Q5" at a cathode thereof and to the other end of the fifth switching element "Q5" at an anode thereof.
  • the sixth diode "D6" is connected to the one end of the sixth switching element "Q6" at a cathode thereof and to the other end of the sixth switching element "Q6" at an anode thereof.
  • the seventh diode "D7" is connected to the one end of the seventh switching element "Q7" at a cathode thereof and to the other end of the seventh switching element "Q7" at an anode thereof.
  • the eighth diode "D8" is connected to the one end of the eighth switching element "Q8" at a cathode thereof and to the other end of the eighth switching element "Q8" at an anode thereof.
  • the transformer “T” is connected to the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101 and the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102.
  • the transformer “T” is homopolar.
  • the transformer “T” has a first winding "T1" and a second winding "T2".
  • the first winding "T1" is connected to the the other end of the first switching element "Q1" at one end thereof and to the the other end of the second switching element "Q2" at the other end thereof.
  • the second winding "T2" is connected to the the other end of the fifth switching element "Q5" at one end thereof and to the other end of the sixth switching element "Q6" at the other end thereof.
  • the number of turns of the second winding "T2" is set to be greater than the number of turns of the first winding "T1".
  • the LC resonant circuit 104 is connected between the other end of the second winding "T2" and the other end of the sixth switching element "Q6".
  • the LC resonant circuit 104 has a resonant capacitor 104a connected to the other end of the second winding "T2" at one end thereof and a choke coil 104b connected to the other end of the resonant capacitor 104a at one end thereof and to the other end of the sixth switching element "Q6" at the other end thereof, for example.
  • the first smoothing capacitor "C1" is connected between the first low voltage-side input/output terminal 100a and the second low voltage-side input/output terminal 100b and is configured to smooth the voltage between the first low voltage-side input/output terminal 100a and the second low voltage-side input/output terminal 100b.
  • the second smoothing capacitor "C2" is connected between the first high voltage-side input/output terminal 100c and the second high voltage-side input/output terminal 100d and is configured to smooth the voltage between the first high voltage-side input/output terminal 100c and the second high voltage-side input/output terminal 100d.
  • the controlling circuit 103 is configured to control operations of the switching elements "Q1" to "Q8" in the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101 and the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102. More specifically, the controlling circuit 103 applies a controlling signal to gates of the MOS transistors serving as the first to eighth switching elements “Q1” to “Q8", thereby controls turning on and off of the first to eighth switching elements (MOS transistors) "Q1" to "Q8".
  • the controlling circuit 103 is configured to achieve soft switching of the switching elements in the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102 in a step-down operation (that is, a state where the inverter circuit 300 is connected to the alternating-current generator and is supplied with electricity), for example, as described later.
  • Figure 2 is a waveform diagram showing examples of controlling signals input to the gates of the MOS transistors in the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101 and the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102 in the bidirectional DC-DC converter 100 shown in Figure 1 in the step-down operation.
  • the controlling circuit 103 sets controlling signals (voltages applied to the gates of each of the n-channel MOS transistors) "Q1Vgs" to “Q8Vgs" at a "Low” level. In this way, the controlling circuit 103 turns off the first to eighth switching elements "Q1" to "Q8".
  • the controlling circuit 103 sets the controlling signal "Q1Vgs" and “Q4Vgs” at a "High” level from the state described above, thereby turning on the first and fourth switching elements "Q1" and "Q4" in the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101.
  • the controlling circuit 103 sets the controlling signal "Q6Vgs" and “Q7Vgs” at the "High” level, thereby turning on the sixth and seventh switching elements "Q6" and "Q7” in the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102.
  • the first and fourth switching elements "Q1" and “Q4" in the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101 are turned on earlier than the sixth and seventh switching element “Q6" and “Q7” in the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102 (the voltage of the battery that is originally output is inverse-transformed through the first and fourth switching elements “Q1” and “Q4" and the first winding "T1" toward the second winding "T2".
  • the drain-source voltage "Vds" becomes 0 V earlier than the gate signal, and the soft switching operation is processed).
  • the converter efficiency is improved, occurrence of noise is reduced, and breakdown of the switching elements can be prevented.
  • the controlling circuit 103 sets the controlling signals "Q1vgs", “Q4Vgs”, “Q6Vgs” and “Q7Vgs” at the "Low” level, thereby turning off the first, fourth, sixth and seventh switching elements "Q1", “Q4", "Q6” and "Q7".
  • the controlling circuit 103 sets the controlling signal "Q2Vgs" and “Q3Vgs” at the "High” level, thereby turning on the second and third switching elements "Q2" and “Q3" in the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101.
  • the controlling circuit 103 sets the controlling signal "Q5Vgs” and “Q8Vgs” at the "High” level, thereby turning on the fifth and eighth switching elements "Q5" and "Q8" in the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102.
  • the second and third switching elements "Q2" and “Q3" in the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101 are turned on earlier than the fifth and eighth switching element "Q5" and “Q8” in the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102 (the voltage of the battery that is originally output is inverse-transformed through the second and third switching elements “Q2" and “Q3” and the first winding "T1" toward the second winding "T2".
  • the drain-source voltage "Vds" becomes 0 V earlier than the gate signal, and the soft switching operation is processed).
  • the converter efficiency is improved, occurrence of noise is reduced, and breakdown of the switching elements can be prevented.
  • the controlling circuit 103 sets the controlling signals "Q2Vgs", “Q3Vgs”, “Q5Vgs” and “Q8Vgs” at the "Low” level, thereby turning off the second, third, fifth and eighth switching elements "Q2", “Q3", “Q5" and “Q8".
  • the controlling circuit 103 sets the controlling signal "Q1Vgs” and “Q4Vgs” at the "High” level, thereby turning on the first and fourth switching elements "Q1" and "Q4" in the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101.
  • the controlling circuit 103 sets the controlling signal "Q6Vgs" and “Q7Vgs” at the "High” level, thereby turning on the sixth and seventh switching elements "Q6" and "Q7” in the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102.
  • the first and fourth switching elements "Q1" and “Q4" in the low voltage-side rectifying circuit 101 are turned on earlier than the sixth and seventh switching element “Q6" and “Q7” in the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102 (the voltage of the battery that is originally output is inverse-transformed through the first and fourth switching elements “Q1” and “Q4" and the first winding "T1" toward the second winding "T2".
  • the drain-source voltage "Vds" becomes 0 V earlier than the gate signal, and the soft switching operation is processed).
  • the converter efficiency is improved, occurrence of noise is reduced, and breakdown of the switching elements can be prevented.
  • the controlling circuit 103 achieves soft switching of the MOS transistors serving as the switching elements in the high voltage-side rectifying circuit 102.
  • the bidirectional DC-DC converter 100 can achieve switching by more appropriate partial voltage resonance.
  • the converter efficiency of the bidirectional DC-DC converter 100 is improved, occurrence of noise is reduced, and breakdown of the switching elements can be prevented.
  • the switching elements are n-channel MOS transistors
  • the same description holds true for a case where the switching elements are p-channel MOS transistors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
EP12754309.8A 2011-03-07 2012-02-22 Bidirektionaler gleichspannungswandler und stromquellensystem Active EP2685620B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2011049347 2011-03-07
PCT/JP2012/054326 WO2012121016A1 (ja) 2011-03-07 2012-02-22 双方向ｄｃ－ｄｃコンバータ、および、電源システム

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2685620A1 true EP2685620A1 (de) 2014-01-15
EP2685620A4 EP2685620A4 (de) 2014-12-03
EP2685620B1 EP2685620B1 (de) 2017-08-16

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EP12754309.8A Active EP2685620B1 (de) 2011-03-07 2012-02-22 Bidirektionaler gleichspannungswandler und stromquellensystem

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9112423B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2685620B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5437530B2 (de)
WO (1) WO2012121016A1 (de)

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CN109412420A (zh) * 2018-11-08 2019-03-01 江苏固德威电源科技股份有限公司 双向隔离dc/dc电路及其采用的控制方法
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JP7449259B2 (ja) * 2021-03-29 2024-03-13 パナソニックホールディングス株式会社 電力変換装置、電力変換システム、制御方法及びプログラム
CN115720045B (zh) * 2021-08-24 2026-02-17 中山旭贵明电子有限公司 可升降压的双向直流-直流电源转换装置及其控制方法
JP7779110B2 (ja) * 2021-11-29 2025-12-03 オムロン株式会社 電力変換装置
CN116633160B (zh) * 2023-07-26 2023-09-26 南京航空航天大学 单级式隔离型双向/单向dc-dc变换器及控制方法
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CN106208710A (zh) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-07 江苏固德威电源科技股份有限公司 一种双向dc‑dc转换器及控制方法
CN106208710B (zh) * 2016-07-15 2019-01-25 江苏固德威电源科技股份有限公司 一种双向dc-dc转换器的控制方法
EP3509203A1 (de) * 2018-01-09 2019-07-10 Infineon Technologies Austria AG Umrichter mit nullspannungsschaltung
US10389275B2 (en) 2018-01-09 2019-08-20 Infineon Technologies Austria Ag Converter with ZVS
CN109412420A (zh) * 2018-11-08 2019-03-01 江苏固德威电源科技股份有限公司 双向隔离dc/dc电路及其采用的控制方法
WO2020093508A1 (zh) * 2018-11-08 2020-05-14 江苏固德威电源科技股份有限公司 双向隔离dc/dc电路及其采用的控制方法

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WO2012121016A1 (ja) 2012-09-13
US20130343093A1 (en) 2013-12-26
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EP2685620B1 (de) 2017-08-16
EP2685620A4 (de) 2014-12-03
US9112423B2 (en) 2015-08-18

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