EP2690689A1 - Électrodes négatives à faible coût à base de Si avec une meilleure performance de cyclage - Google Patents

Électrodes négatives à faible coût à base de Si avec une meilleure performance de cyclage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2690689A1
EP2690689A1 EP12290254.7A EP12290254A EP2690689A1 EP 2690689 A1 EP2690689 A1 EP 2690689A1 EP 12290254 A EP12290254 A EP 12290254A EP 2690689 A1 EP2690689 A1 EP 2690689A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
active material
carbonate
negative electrode
silicon
electrolyte
Prior art date
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Withdrawn
Application number
EP12290254.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nathalie DELPUECH
Driss Mazouzi
Bernard Lestriez
Dominique Guyomard
Lionel Roue
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Umicore NV SA
Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique INRS
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Original Assignee
Umicore NV SA
Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique INRS
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Umicore NV SA, Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique INRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS filed Critical Umicore NV SA
Priority to EP12290254.7A priority Critical patent/EP2690689A1/fr
Priority to JP2015506329A priority patent/JP2015517190A/ja
Priority to US14/394,779 priority patent/US9692044B2/en
Priority to KR1020147031966A priority patent/KR102118758B1/ko
Priority to EP13777895.7A priority patent/EP2839531A4/fr
Priority to PCT/IB2013/052686 priority patent/WO2013156888A1/fr
Priority to KR1020197010638A priority patent/KR20190042106A/ko
Priority to CN201380020560.7A priority patent/CN104303356A/zh
Priority to TW102112374A priority patent/TWI515948B/zh
Publication of EP2690689A1 publication Critical patent/EP2690689A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
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    • H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/621—Binders
    • H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
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    • H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
    • H01M2300/0034—Fluorinated solvents
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    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
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    • H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention can provide a rechargeable battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte, wherein:
  • the approach to solve the problems mentioned above is to combine a micrometric size silicon based powder - as active material in the negative electrode, with a binder that is chemically linked to the silicon powder by a condensation reaction, and with an electrolyte containing SEI film-forming agents, and this combination gives unexpected positive results.
  • curve A shows the specific discharge capacity (mAh per g of active material, defined here as mAh per g of silicon), versus the number of cycles for Example 1.
  • Electrodes can be made as in Example 1 with different known buffer solutions.
  • the organic acid may be selected within the following list: 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)aminoacetic acid, aspartic acid, bromoacetic acid, bromobenzoic acid, chloroacteic acid, dichloroacteic acid, trichloroacetic acid, lactic acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, oxalic acid, phtalic acid, isophtalic acid, terephtalic acid, picric acid, fumaric acid, salicylic acid.
  • the electrode preparation is the same as in Example 1.
  • the electrochemical testing is the same as Example 1 except that neither fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) nor vinylene carbonate is added to the electrolyte.
  • curve B ( ⁇ ) gives the specific discharge capacity (mAh/g_silicon) versus the number of cycles for Counter-Example 1.
  • a crystallized Silicon powder having a BET of 57 m 2 /g, an oxygen content ⁇ 4 wt%, a particle size defined as 50nm ⁇ D80 ⁇ 200nm ( Figure 1B ) and an initial negative zetapotential (defined at pH7 in water) is used (the zetapotential becomes positive at a pH lower than 3.5) ( Figure 2B ).
  • the electrode preparation is the same as in Example 1 except that (i) nanometric silicon is used instead of micrometric silicon, and (ii) in the slurry preparation 0.5mL of deionized water is used (pH 7) instead of 0.5mL of pH3 buffer solution.
  • the electrochemical testing is the same as in Example 1.
  • curve G (x) gives the specific discharge capacity (mAh per g of silicon) versus the number of cycles for Counter-Example 6.
  • Example 2 Anode composed of micrometric silicon chemically linked to the polymeric binder - with a different silicon/binder ratio - and electrochemically tested with electrolyte additives
  • the electrode preparation is the same as in Example 1 except that the composite electrode is made of 50wt% of commercial micrometric silicon, 25wt% of carbon black and 25wt% of carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • the electrochemical testing is the same as Example 1.
  • curve H (•) gives the specific discharge capacity (mAh per g of silicon) versus the number of cycles for Example 2.
  • the electrode preparation is the same as Example 2 except that in the slurry preparation 0.5mL of deionized water is used (pH 7) instead of 0.5mL of pH3 buffer solution.
  • the electrochemical testing is the same as in Example 2.
  • curve I ( ⁇ ) gives the specific discharge capacity (mAh per g of silicon) versus the number of cycles for Counter-Example 7.
  • Example 2 and CE 7 the composite electrode prepared with micrometric Si using the pH3 process, and FEC additives in the electrolyte shows a better performance compared to Counter-Example 7.
  • Example 3 Anode composed of micrometric silicon chemically linked to the polymeric binder - with a different silicon/binder ratio - and electrochemically tested with electrolyte additives
  • the electrode preparation is the same as in Example 1 except that the composite electrode is made of 90wt% of commercial micrometric silicon, 5wt% of carbon black and 5wt% of carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • the electrochemical testing is the same as in Example 1.
  • curve J (•) gives the specific discharge capacity (mAh per g of silicon) versus the number of cycles for Example 3. Note that the capacity jumps observed in the J curves are due to measurement artefacts which should disappear after electrode processing and battery optimizations.
  • Counter-Example 8 Anode composed of micrometric silicon not chemically linked to the polymeric binder with the silicon/binder ratio of Ex. 3 and electrochemically tested with electrolyte additives
  • the electrode preparation is the same as Example 3 except that in the slurry preparation 0.5mL of deionized water is used (pH 7) instead of 0.5mL of pH3 buffer solution.
  • the electrochemical testing is the same as Example 3.
  • curve K ( ⁇ ) gives the specific discharge capacity (mAh per g of silicon) versus the number of cycles for Counter-Example 8.
  • Example 3 and C-E 8 the composite electrode prepared with micrometric Si using the pH3 process, and FEC additives in the electrolyte shows a better performance compared to Counter-Example 8.
  • Example 4 Anode composed of micrometric silicon chemically linked to another polymeric binder and electrochemically tested with electrolyte additives
  • the electrode preparation is the same as in Example 1 except that poly(acrlylic acid)
  • PAA has carboxylic groups that can link with the surface of silicon particles.
  • the PAA is as effective as the CMC.
  • the electrode formulation is the same as in Example 4.
  • the electrochemical testing is the same as Example 1 except that neither fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) nor vinylene carbonate is added to the electrolyte.
  • curve M ( ⁇ ) gives the specific discharge capacity (mAh per g of silicon) versus the number of cycles for Counter-Example 9.
  • a micrometric SiO powder is provided by American Element, having a BET of 4 m 2 /g and an oxygen content of 37 wt%.
  • the X-ray diffraction shows that this silicon monoxide is almost amorphous.
  • the zetapotential (defined at pH7 in water) of this powder is negative at pH7 and positive for pH lower than 4.
  • Electrodes are prepared by coating the resulting slurry on a copper foil (thickness: 17 ⁇ m) with a slurry layer thickness of 125 ⁇ m and then drying at 70°C for 2 hours. Round electrodes are punched and dried at 150°C during 3 hours in a small vacuum oven. The thickness of the obtain electrode is 10-20 ⁇ m which correspond to 1-2mg/cm 2 of silicon.
  • the electrodes are electrochemically tested versus metallic lithium in coin cells prepared in a glovebox under dry argon atmosphere.
  • an electrode is prepared with SiO as active material, as in Example 5.
  • the electrodes are electrochemically tested versus metallic lithium in coin cells (as in Ex. 5) but the electrolyte used is 1M LiPF 6 in a mix of ethylene carbonate
  • Example 5 and CE 10-11 the composite electrode prepared with micrometric SiO using the pH3 process, and FEC additives in the electrolyte shows a better performance compared to Counter-Example 10-11.
  • Example 6 Anode composed of a mixture of graphite and micrometric silicon chemically linked to the polymeric binder and electrochemically tested with electrolyte additives
  • the electrodes are electrochemically tested versus metallic lithium in coin cells as in the previous example, with an electrolyte being 1M LiPF 6 in a mix of ethylene carbonate (EC)/diethylcarbonate (DEC) (50/50 wt%), 10wt% fluoroethylecarbonate (FEC) + 2wt% vinylene carbonate (VC) (commercial product of Semichem).
  • EC ethylene carbonate
  • DEC diethylcarbonate
  • FEC fluoroethylecarbonate
  • VC vinylene carbonate

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
EP12290254.7A 2012-04-17 2012-07-25 Électrodes négatives à faible coût à base de Si avec une meilleure performance de cyclage Withdrawn EP2690689A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12290254.7A EP2690689A1 (fr) 2012-07-25 2012-07-25 Électrodes négatives à faible coût à base de Si avec une meilleure performance de cyclage
JP2015506329A JP2015517190A (ja) 2012-04-17 2013-04-04 向上したサイクル性能を有する低コストＳｉ系負極
US14/394,779 US9692044B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2013-04-04 Low cost Si-based negative electrodes with enhanced cycling performance
KR1020147031966A KR102118758B1 (ko) 2012-04-17 2013-04-04 사이클링 성능이 향상된 저 비용 si계 음극
EP13777895.7A EP2839531A4 (fr) 2012-04-17 2013-04-04 Electrodes négative à faible coût à base de silicium ayant des performances de cycle améliorées
PCT/IB2013/052686 WO2013156888A1 (fr) 2012-04-17 2013-04-04 Electrodes négative à faible coût à base de silicium ayant des performances de cycle améliorées
KR1020197010638A KR20190042106A (ko) 2012-04-17 2013-04-04 사이클링 성능이 향상된 저 비용 si계 음극
CN201380020560.7A CN104303356A (zh) 2012-04-17 2013-04-04 循环性能增强的低成本Si基负电极
TW102112374A TWI515948B (zh) 2012-04-17 2013-04-08 循環性能增強的低成本Ｓｉ基負電極

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12290254.7A EP2690689A1 (fr) 2012-07-25 2012-07-25 Électrodes négatives à faible coût à base de Si avec une meilleure performance de cyclage

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EP2690689A1 true EP2690689A1 (fr) 2014-01-29

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EP12290254.7A Withdrawn EP2690689A1 (fr) 2012-04-17 2012-07-25 Électrodes négatives à faible coût à base de Si avec une meilleure performance de cyclage
EP13777895.7A Withdrawn EP2839531A4 (fr) 2012-04-17 2013-04-04 Electrodes négative à faible coût à base de silicium ayant des performances de cycle améliorées

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EP13777895.7A Withdrawn EP2839531A4 (fr) 2012-04-17 2013-04-04 Electrodes négative à faible coût à base de silicium ayant des performances de cycle améliorées

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Country Link
US (1) US9692044B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2690689A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2015517190A (fr)
KR (2) KR102118758B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104303356A (fr)
TW (1) TWI515948B (fr)
WO (1) WO2013156888A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014195324A3 (fr) * 2013-06-04 2015-04-09 Solvay Specialty Polymers Italy S.P.A. Matériau actif d'anode de type noyau-coque pour batteries secondaires au lithium, procédé pour le préparer et batteries secondaires au lithium le contenant
DE102014200088A1 (de) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-09 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Anodenmaterial für Lithiumionenbatterien

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US20150093636A1 (en) 2015-04-02
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