EP2697589B1 - Wärmetauscher - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2697589B1
EP2697589B1 EP12717951.3A EP12717951A EP2697589B1 EP 2697589 B1 EP2697589 B1 EP 2697589B1 EP 12717951 A EP12717951 A EP 12717951A EP 2697589 B1 EP2697589 B1 EP 2697589B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
heat exchanger
tabs
tube
airflow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12717951.3A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2697589A1 (de
Inventor
Abbas A. Alahyari
John H. Whiton
Jules R. Munoz
Miad YAZDANI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Publication of EP2697589A1 publication Critical patent/EP2697589A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2697589B1 publication Critical patent/EP2697589B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/16—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being integral with the element, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/22—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/16—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being integral with the element, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • F28F1/18—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being integral with the element, e.g. formed by extrusion the element being built-up from finned sections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/08—Fins with openings, e.g. louvers

Definitions

  • the subject matter disclosed herein relates to heat exchangers. More specifically, the subject disclosure relates to tube and fin configuration for heat exchangers.
  • US 2005/109496 discloses a heat exchanger having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Micro-channel heat exchangers have represented the typical construction of heat exchangers for, for example, automotive and heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) applications, for several years. These heat exchangers are finding wider application in residential and even aerospace HVAC products due to their compactness, relatively low cost, and reduced refrigerant charge when compared to other heat exchanger configurations.
  • HVAC heating, ventilation and air conditioning
  • heat exchanger tubing includes at least a pair of tubes that are connected to and separated by a connecting member.
  • the connecting member has a number of fin projections extending at an angle from the member, each fin projection having an opening to allow air to pass through the member.
  • the tubing is arranged between headers of a heat exchanger in an angled configuration so that the fins align with the air flow passing across the tubing for enhanced heat exchange.
  • a heat exchanger comprising tubes that are connected to and separated by connecting members including projections extending at an angle from the members is also disclosed by FR 1 524 182 A .
  • a heat exchanger comprises: a plurality of tubes to be disposed substantially transverse to a direction of airflow through the heat exchanger and to be arranged in a plurality of tube rows extending substantially along the direction of airflow; a plurality of webs substantially integral to at least two tubes of the plurality of tubes, each web extending between and connected to adjacent tubes of the plurality of tubes; and a plurality of tabs disposed at the plurality of webs substantially transverse to the airflow to generate vortices in the airflow.
  • the plurality of tabs include a first row of tabs, the first row of tabs extending along a tube length between a pair of adjacent tubes of the plurality of tubes, and a second row of tabs, the second row of tabs extending parallel to the first row of tabs between the same pair of adjacent tubes of the plurality of tubes; wherein the tips of the tabs of the first row extend in a common first direction, and wherein the tips of the tabs of the second row extend in a common second direction different than the first direction.
  • the heat exchanger may comprise additionally the following features:
  • At least one tube of the plurality of tubes may have an oval or airfoil- shaped cross-section.
  • the heat exchanger comprises two or more louvers disposed in two or more louver rows at a web between adjacent tubes of the plurality of tubes.
  • the louver has a louver face at an angle to the direction of airflow.
  • At least one tube of the plurality of tubes comprises two or more fluid-conveying pathways.
  • the number or fluid-conveying pathways of the at least one tube is in the range of two to four.
  • the tab is substantially transverse to the airflow to generate vortices in the airflow.
  • the plurality of webs form a ruffled or wavy surface.
  • the plurality of tubes in a first tube row of the plurality of tube rows are substantially staggered in position relative to the plurality of tubes in an adjacent second tube row of the plurality of tube rows.
  • At least one tube of the plurality of tubes has a cross section with an aspect ratio greater than 1:1, relative to a substantially horizontal web.
  • the number or fluid-conveying pathways of the at least one tube is in the range of two to four.
  • one or more louvers are disposed in the plurality of webs.
  • the one or more louvers have a louver face aligned substantially parallel to the direction of airflow.
  • the heat exchanger 10 is a micro-channel heat exchanger (MCHX).
  • MCHX micro-channel heat exchanger
  • the heat exchanger 10 has an integrated tube-fin structure where a plurality of tubes 12 are arranged with a plurality of webs 14 extending between adjacent tubes 12 of the plurality of tubes 12, and acting as fins in this structure.
  • the webs 14 are substantially integral to the tubes 12.
  • a refrigerant flow 16 for example, a liquid or two phase refrigerant, is flowed through the plurality of tubes 12. While the term "refrigerant flow" is utilized throughout the present application, it is to be appreciated that any selected liquid, gas, or two-phase fluid may be flowed through the plurality of tubes 12 for the purposes of heat transfer.
  • the plurality of tubes 12 are arranged in rows 18.
  • An airflow 20 flows across the plurality of tubes 12 and the plurality of webs 14 such that thermal energy is transferred between the airflow 20 and the refrigerant flow 16 via the tube 12 and web 14 structure.
  • a direction of the airflow 20 is substantially perpendicular to the refrigerant flow 16.
  • the tubes 12 have a cross-section that improves air flow 20 and thus heat transfer between the airflow 20 and the heat exchanger 10.
  • the cross-section of the tubes 12 are elliptical or may be airfoil shaped as shown in FIG. 3 . Elliptic or airfoil shapes reduce the wake size behind the tubes 12, which decreases pressure drop and improves heat transfer.
  • the webs 14 include a plurality of louvers 22 formed in the webs 14 which extend into the airflow 20.
  • the louvers 22 may be formed by, for example, a punching operation which cuts the web 14 on three sides of the louver 22 and folds the louver 22 into position, resulting in a web opening 24 in the web 14.
  • the louvers 22 each have a louver face 42 which is aligned substantially parallel to the airflow 20.
  • the webs 14 are configured with multiple rows of multiple louvers 22 between adjacent tubes 12. Utilizing louvers 22 and web openings 24 allows for reduction in material and refrigerant volume compared to a conventional micro-channel heat exchanger and allows for drainage of condensate through the web openings 24 to reduce condensate/ice buildup and/or corrosion.
  • the webs 14 between adjacent tubes 12 are substantially equal in web length 26. It is to be appreciated, however, that the web length 26 may vary as desired.
  • the tubes 12 in a first row 18a of tubes 12 can be offset or staggered relative to an adjacent second row 18b of tubes 12 along a length 30 of the heat exchanger 10 to allow for a more compact structure and to increase heat transfer between the airflow 20 and the refrigerant flow 16.
  • FIGs. 6-8 address this problem by providing multiple smaller refrigerant pathways 32 in each tube 12 of the plurality of tubes 12.
  • two, three, or four pathways 32 may be arranged in each tube 12 to decrease the pressure drop compared to a similar-sized tube 12 with a single pathway while increasing the heat transfer capability of the tube 12 and reducing connections to the header. While it is possible to include more than four pathways 32 in the tube 12, the heat transfer effectiveness of the additional pathways will be decreased since heat conduction from innermost pathways will be limited compared to the outermost pathways.
  • louvers 22 may be utilized with these multi-pathway 32 configurations to increase heat transfer and to provide condensate drainage through the web openings 24.
  • the heat exchanger 10 may include vortex generators, for example, tabs 34 disposed along the web 14.
  • the tabs 34 are oriented across the airflow 20, as shown schematically in FIG. 11 , in order to generate streamwise votices 36 in the airflow 20 as the airflow passes along the web 14.
  • the presence of vortices 36 can increase heat transfer between the web 14 and the airflow 20.
  • the tabs 34 are triangular in shape, or may be other shapes, for example, trapezoidal, or asymmetrically polygonal, or the like, to generate the desired vortices 36.
  • the tabs 34 are disposed in rows 40 extending along a tube length 38, with multiple rows, for example, two or three rows of tabs 34 between adjacent tubes 12.
  • the positions of tabs 34 in a first row 40a may be staggered relative to the positions of tabs 34 in a second row 40b, or may be aligned, depending on the vortex 36 desired.
  • tabs 34 are aligned such that a tab tip 42 of the tabs 34 faces the same direction, while according to the invention as shown in FIG. 12 , tab tips 42 of tabs 34 or rows of tabs 34 face opposing directions. Further, as shown in FIG. 13 , tabs 34 may be located and oriented to boost a strength of the vortices 36 along the web 14.
  • the webs 14 may not be substantially planar, but may be a wave or ruffle shape to further have a desired effect on the airflow 20, such as increased vortex generation.
  • the wavy web 14 may be utilized in conjunction with the louvers 22, and/or tabs 34.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Wärmetauscher (10), der Folgendes umfasst:
    eine Anzahl von Röhren (12), die im Wesentlichen quer zu einer Richtung eines Luftstroms durch den Wärmetauscher (10) auszurichten sind und in einer Mehrzahl von Reihen (40, 40a, 40b) von Röhren (12) anzuordnen sind, die sich im Wesentlichen entlang der Richtung des Luftstroms erstrecken;
    eine Mehrzahl von Stegen (14), die im Wesentlichen einstückig mit mindestens zwei Röhren (12) der Mehrzahl von Röhren (12) sind, wobei sich jeder Steg (14) zwischen benachbarten Röhren (12) der Mehrzahl von Röhren (12) erstreckt und damit verbunden ist; und
    eine Mehrzahl von Laschen (34), die an der Mehrzahl von Stegen (14) im Wesentlichen quer zu dem Luftstrom angeordnet sind, um Wirbel in dem Luftstrom zu erzeugen;
    wobei die Mehrzahl von Laschen (34) eine erste Reihe von Laschen (34) und eine zweite Reihe von Laschen (34) umfasst, wobei sich die erste Reihe von Laschen (34) entlang einer Röhrenlänge (38) zwischen einem Paar von benachbarten Röhren (12) der Mehrzahl von Röhren (12) erstreckt, und wobei sich die zweite Reihe von Laschen (34) parallel zu der ersten Reihe von Laschen (34) zwischen demselben Paar von benachbarten Röhren (12) der Mehrzahl von Röhren (12) erstreckt; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Spitzen (42) der Laschen (34) der ersten Reihe in eine gemeinsame erste Richtung erstrecken, und dass sich die Spitzen (42) der Laschen (34) der zweiten Reihe in eine gemeinsame zweite Richtung erstrecken, die unterschiedlich zu der ersten Richtung ist.
  2. Wärmetauscher (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Mehrzahl von Laschen (34) im Wesentlichen dreieckig oder trapezförmig ist.
  3. Wärmetauscher (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei mindestens eine Röhre (12) der Mehrzahl von Röhren (12) einen Querschnitt mit einem Seitenverhältnis von mehr als 1:1 relativ zu einem im Wesentlichen horizontalen Steg (14) aufweist.
  4. Wärmetauscher (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die mindestens eine Röhre (12) der Mehrzahl von Röhren (12) einen ovalen oder schaufelprofilförmigen Querschnitt hat.
  5. Wärmetauscher (10) nach Anspruch 3, wobei die mindestens eine Röhre (12) der Mehrzahl von Röhren (12) zwei oder mehr fluidleitende Wege umfasst.
  6. Wärmetauscher (10) nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Anzahl von fluidleitenden Wegen der mindestens einen Röhre (12) in dem Bereich von zwei bis vier liegt.
  7. Wärmetauscher (10) nach Anspruch 1, der ferner eine oder mehrere Lamellen (22) umfasst, die in der Mehrzahl von Stegen (14) angeordnet sind.
  8. Wärmetauscher (10) nach Anspruch 6, der ferner zwei oder mehr Lamellen (22) umfasst, die in zwei oder mehr Lamellenreihen an einem Steg (14) zwischen benachbarten Röhren (12) der Mehrzahl von Röhren (12) angeordnet sind.
  9. Wärmetauscher (10) nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, wobei die eine oder die mehreren Lamellen (22) eine Lamellenfläche aufweisen, die im Wesentlichen parallel zu der Richtung des Luftstroms ausgerichtet sind.
EP12717951.3A 2011-04-14 2012-04-11 Wärmetauscher Active EP2697589B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161475448P 2011-04-14 2011-04-14
PCT/US2012/032984 WO2012142070A1 (en) 2011-04-14 2012-04-11 Heat exchanger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2697589A1 EP2697589A1 (de) 2014-02-19
EP2697589B1 true EP2697589B1 (de) 2020-09-30

Family

ID=46022655

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12717951.3A Active EP2697589B1 (de) 2011-04-14 2012-04-11 Wärmetauscher

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20140027098A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2697589B1 (de)
CN (1) CN103477177B (de)
ES (1) ES2834434T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2012142070A1 (de)

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EP3194872B1 (de) * 2014-09-05 2019-10-30 Carrier Corporation Extrudierter multiport-wärmetauscher
EP3314189B1 (de) 2015-06-29 2021-01-27 Carrier Corporation Mikroröhrchenwärmetauscher
US10378835B2 (en) * 2016-03-25 2019-08-13 Unison Industries, Llc Heat exchanger with non-orthogonal perforations
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140027098A1 (en) 2014-01-30
CN103477177A (zh) 2013-12-25
EP2697589A1 (de) 2014-02-19
WO2012142070A1 (en) 2012-10-18
ES2834434T3 (es) 2021-06-17
CN103477177B (zh) 2016-11-16

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