EP2701464B1 - Dispositif et procédé permettant de produire de la lumière d'un spectre déterminé à l'aide d'au moins quatre sources lumineuses de différentes couleurs - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé permettant de produire de la lumière d'un spectre déterminé à l'aide d'au moins quatre sources lumineuses de différentes couleurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2701464B1
EP2701464B1 EP13181122.6A EP13181122A EP2701464B1 EP 2701464 B1 EP2701464 B1 EP 2701464B1 EP 13181122 A EP13181122 A EP 13181122A EP 2701464 B1 EP2701464 B1 EP 2701464B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light sources
unit
light source
power distribution
spectrum
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13181122.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2701464A3 (fr
EP2701464A2 (fr
Inventor
Mario Cappitelli
Sönke KLOSTERMANN
Dietmar Dr. Vogt
Michael Dr. Olbert
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Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
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Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2701464A2 publication Critical patent/EP2701464A2/fr
Publication of EP2701464A3 publication Critical patent/EP2701464A3/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
    • H05B45/22—Controlling the colour of the light using optical feedback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
    • H05B45/24—Controlling the colour of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lighting device with a light unit, which comprises a plurality of light sources of different color spectra, with a sensor for determining the spectral power distribution (SPD) emitted by the light unit, a control unit which acts on a drive unit as a function of a predetermined spectral power distribution measured by the sensor , which individually controls the light sources of the lighting unit, so that the emitted light has the predetermined spectral power distribution.
  • Color spectrum in this context refers to the electro-magnetic waves of a range of defined bandwidth and intensity in the visually perceptible by man color space.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating a lighting device with a light unit, which comprises at least four light sources of different color spectra, with a sensor for determining the emitted from the light unit spectral power distribution (SPD), a control unit, which depends on a given and the sensor measured spectral power distribution, a drive unit acted upon, which controls the light sources of the lighting unit individually, so that the emitted light has the predetermined spectral power distribution.
  • a light unit which comprises at least four light sources of different color spectra
  • SPD light unit spectral power distribution
  • control unit which depends on a given and the sensor measured spectral power distribution
  • a drive unit acted upon which controls the light sources of the lighting unit individually, so that the emitted light has the predetermined spectral power distribution.
  • LEDs With semiconductor-based lighting elements such as LEDs, the color spectrum and the brightness (intensity) change with increasing operating time, which can be distracting without compensation.
  • LEDs have a scattering of their technical properties in terms of brightness and color during manufacture. This is compensated by the manufacturer by so-called “binning", in which semiconductor elements are sorted according to a given scattering. The narrower the scattering selection, the more expensive the LEDs are.
  • a device is known from EP 1 461 982 B1 in which a desired light color of three LED light sources with red, green and blue color spectra is generated.
  • CIE Commission Internationale de l'eclairage
  • This measured value vector is used in a control unit operating as a P-controller compared with an XYZ setpoint, which acts as a function of the error, a drive unit which controls the light sources supplied to the electrical power accordingly.
  • the sensor must be tuned to the frequency spectrums of the LEDs, so that the control loop works sufficiently.
  • a lighting device with more than 3 light sources of different color spectrums - for example, a yellow or white LED as the fourth LED - no longer regulate because the result of this scheme is no longer unambiguous, since several luminous intensity settings of the four light sources the same color in XYZ color space can generate.
  • a detection of the color shift of a single light source can be determined only indirectly via the information of the temperature and the v (lambda) measurement.
  • Non-temperature-dependent color changes of the light source can hereby not be distinguished from a change in brightness.
  • Another disadvantage is that the described adjustments of the color and brightness values of the luminaire only work in an operating state in which the individual light sources are individually adjusted. This is equivalent to interrupting the operation.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a generic lighting device, which is characterized in that more than 3 lighting elements of different color spectrums and brightness values can be integrated and thereby largely any desired color spectrum can be used. It should be a structural simple three-channel sensor be used. It is also an object to provide a method for controlling a generic lighting device with more than three light sources of different color spectrums. The sensor should measure all the light sources simultaneously and determine a valid for the totality of the light sources used color and brightness measurement.
  • the first object is achieved in that the lighting unit comprises at least four light sources and the control unit is set up to use an optimization algorithm that maximizes as a main condition a calculated weighting criterion such as in particular color rendering index (CRI), which can be calculated from the individual control data of the light sources and as a termination criterion has the error between the predetermined and the measured spectral power distribution is smaller than a limit value.
  • a calculated weighting criterion such as in particular color rendering index (CRI)
  • a special circumstance here is that the resulting control values of the individual light source are unknown. Only the color and brightness impression of the totality of the light sources is considered. This can be done without interruption in the operation of the lamp. It also ensures that all intrinsic and extrinsic influences on the color and brightness change can be compensated. In particular, as a result of the use of at least four light sources an over-determination with respect to the color impression is generated, which can be used as a compensation source. Furthermore, an intended control reserve serves as a source for further compensation of color and brightness changes. Third, color reduction can be achieved by reducing the overall brightness of the luminaire by performing the optimization instead of in a brightness-rich XYZ color space in a luminance-less color space such as CIE xy.
  • any lighting element is detected, in particular any type of light-emitting diode including organic light emitting diodes (OLED). It is also possible to use light sources of different types together, in particular LEDs and light bulbs. While the main field of application of the invention is the range of visible light, it is expressly contemplated that the invention may be applied to the infrared or ultraviolet range. Thus, individual or all light sources may have frequency spectrums which are partly or wholly outside the range of visible light. Thus, in the infrared or in the UV range with a sensor channel number smaller than the number of manipulated variables using the optimization approach can be set to a defined target size.
  • the idea of the invention is not to make the adjustment of the light sources used via a conventional control loop but to apply an optimization method which has two or more optimization criteria.
  • a coefficient of the weighted sensor values in particular a color rendering index CRI (color rendering index)
  • CRI color rendering index
  • the deviation measured in the color spectrum in the defined color space of the sensor is to be minimized by the sensor. Since the present luminaire example should have a high CRI as a requirement, the CRI was also used as an optimization criterion here.
  • other criteria for optimization can also be implemented. Further possible optimization criteria can be selected taking into account the properties of individual light sources. For example, the protection of particularly vulnerable light sources by minimizing the requested performance.
  • the drive data is typically transmitted in accordance with the DMX protocol or a similar protocol.
  • the DMX protocol allows adjustment of the drive current for each light source with an accuracy of 8 bits (ie 256 different values).
  • other protocols such as those of higher accuracy, may be used instead of the DMX protocol.
  • a control reserve of, for example, an additional bit is provided in order to take due account of the decreasing brightness in the course of aging processes.
  • the CRI value R a is calculated in the usual way as with measured spectral values. This calculation is preferably carried out in the CIE system.
  • This calculated CRI value R a uses the optimization system according to the invention as the main criterion. Since many algorithms can only minimize, but the negated minimum is the maximum, the main condition or objective function can also be defined as follows: min ( - R a x
  • the invention specifies that a difference vector from the measured color vector (preferably in the XYZ system) and a predetermined (target) vector is minimized.
  • a predetermined (target) vector is minimized.
  • it is predetermined as a termination condition that the magnitude of the difference vector falls below a limit value ⁇ .
  • the constraint can therefore be defined as follows:
  • the production and aging-related color and brightness changes of the lighting device according to the invention can be compensated in order to ensure a uniform illumination quality over their entire operating time.
  • the system according to the invention makes it possible to optimize the lighting for any number of light sources (LEDs).
  • the constant adjustment of color and brightness allows the selection of cost-effective light sources (ie a cost-effective "Binnings") while increasing the quality of illumination.
  • the optimization method may include further constraints, in particular high color saturation.
  • the lighting unit 4 light sources with different spectral emission, particularly preferably with a selection of the colors red, green, yellow, blue, white.
  • the selection of the light sources will be made depending on the application of the lighting device. Alternatively, five or more light sources in all mentioned colors or spectral values can be used.
  • control algorithm is standardized in CIE X, Y, Z color space feasible.
  • This has the advantage that with a simple three-channel sensor, which is provided with suitable standardized filters, the entire color space perceivable by humans can be detected.
  • other color spaces eg RGB, LUV, HSL, LMS, RG may be used, taking into account the respective restriction of the gamut.
  • the senor is a three-channel sensor which preferably provides data in RGB or XYZ format.
  • This sensor determines the luminous flux and the color location of all the light sources used in the luminaire.
  • the object underlying the invention is further achieved by a method for operating a lighting device with a light unit comprising at least four light sources of different color spectra, with a sensor for determining the emitted from the light unit spectral power distribution (SPD), a control unit, in dependence a predetermined and measured by the sensor spectral power distribution a drive unit is applied, which controls the light sources of the lighting unit individually, so that the emitted light has the predetermined spectral power distribution, the method is designed as an optimization algorithm that maximizes a calculated color rendering index (CRI) as the main condition, is calculated from the individual drive data of the light sources, and as a side condition the optimization is aborted if the error between the predetermined and the measured spectral power values ilung falls below a threshold.
  • CRI color rendering index
  • the so-called simplex method is used as the optimization method.
  • This is a proven optimization method for solving linear optimization problems.
  • other optimization methods can also be used.
  • CRI color rendering index
  • a function between the respective maximum of a spectrum and the radiation intensity is used, from which a multiplication factor is determined, with which the radiation spectrum of a light source at the current control value of the light source is determined, from the radiation spectra of all light sources a total virtual radiation spectrum is added, and this results in the calculated color rendering index (CRI) of the total virtual radiation spectrum.
  • CRI color rendering index
  • the device 10 comprises according to FIG. 1 a lighting unit 12 comprising four or more light sources 14 having different color spectrums.
  • a red LED 620 nm
  • a green LED 520 nm
  • a blue LED 460 nm
  • a yellow LED 590 nm
  • It can also be provided to increase the light intensity of multiple light sources of the same color spectrum, which are preferably driven together (in parallel or in series) but are considered in the context of this embodiment as a light source or LED. These light sources radiate essentially in the same, unspecified direction here.
  • a sensor 16 is arranged, which is preferably designed as an RGB or XYZ sensor and transmits corresponding data from the received radiation spectrum to an optimization unit 18.
  • the optimization unit 18 also receives as input signal a desired radiation value 20 as a spectral power distribution (SPD), here as a vector in the XYZ color space. Further, the optimization unit 18 obtains a calculated CRI value which should correspond to the current actual CRI value of the lighting unit 12 and is provided by a CRI value calculation unit 22.
  • SPD spectral power distribution
  • the optimization unit 18 carries out an optimization process on the basis of said data inputs, preferably according to the so-called simplex method, and calculates drive values (preferably in the DMX protocol) which are transferred in asynchronous serial operation to a drive unit 24 based on the driving values, the light sources 14 of the lighting unit 12 individually controls.
  • the main condition of the optimization method is to maximize the calculated CRI value R a provided by the CRI value calculation unit 22. : Max R a
  • a difference vector is minimized from the color vector measured by the sensor 16 (preferably in the XYZ system) and a given (target) vector 20.
  • the optimization system In order for the optimization system to reach a solution in a timely manner, it is predetermined as a termination condition that the magnitude of the difference vector falls below a limit value ⁇ :
  • FIG. 2 the operation of the CRI value calculation unit 22 will be explained in more detail.
  • a memory unit 26 a relationship between the maximum of the spectrum of a light source in relation to the relevant drive value (DMX value) is stored for each light source in a first memory area 28.
  • DMX stands for the independent variable, ie the associated DMX value of the light source.
  • the relationship between the DMX value and the maximum of the spectrum may also be formed as a look-up table to more accurately map the relationship.
  • the coefficients a, b, c and d are used in the course of the interpretation of entire luminaire unit for the respective luminaire type (light source) used, individually determined by means of spectral measurement or on the basis of the data sheets.
  • a polynomial function calculation unit 30 calculates a multiplier k (k ⁇ 1) from the DMX drive value 25 of the light source and the coefficients in the first storage area 28 according to the above formula.
  • the memory unit 26 contains for each light source a second memory area 32, in which the spectrum of the light source is stored at maximum illuminance as a look-up table.
  • a multiplier unit 34 multiplies, from the multiplier k determined in the polynomial function calculation unit 30 and the light spectrum of the relevant light source stored in the second memory area 32, the current individual spectrum of the light source 36a, which corresponds to the individually calculated spectra of the other light source 36b-36d in the addition unit 38 Total spectrum is added.
  • the total spectrum of all the light sources 14 thus calculated is converted in the CRI unit 40 according to a known algorithm into the color rendering index value CRI. This value will then be in FIG. 1 shown optimization unit 18 supplied.

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif d'éclairage (10), comprenant
    une unité lumineuse (12) qui comporte plusieurs sources de lumière (14) ayant des spectres de couleurs différents,
    un capteur (16) destiné à déterminer la distribution de puissance spectrale émise par l'unité lumineuse (14),
    une unité de contrôle (18) qui est conçue pour calculer des valeurs de pilotage pour les sources de lumière (14) de l'unité lumineuse (12) en fonction d'une distribution de puissance spectrale prédéfinie et mesurée par le capteur (16),
    une unité de pilotage (24) qui est conçue pour recevoir les valeurs de pilotage de la part de l'unité de contrôle (18) et piloter les sources de lumière (14) de l'unité lumineuse individuellement de telle sorte que la lumière émise présente la distribution de puissance spectrale prédéfinie,
    caractérisé en ce
    que l'unité lumineuse (12) comporte au moins quatre sources de lumière (14),
    l'unité de contrôle (18) étant conçue pour utiliser un algorithme d'optimisation qui maximise un indice de restitution de couleur déterminé sur la base des valeurs de pilotage des sources de lumière (14) individuelles en présence d'une contrainte, une erreur entre la distribution de puissance spectrale prédéfinie et la distribution de puissance spectrale mesurée étant, selon la contrainte, inférieure à une valeur limite prédéfinie,
    le dispositif d'éclairage (10) possédant en outre
    une unité de calcul d'indice de restitution de couleur (22) qui possède une unité de mémoire (26) ayant une première zone de mémoire (28) et une deuxième zone de mémoire (32), pour chaque source de lumière (14) :
    - une relation entre le maximum du spectre de la source de lumière (14) respective et la valeur de pilotage concernée de la source de lumière (14) étant enregistrée dans la première zone de mémoire (28) et
    - un spectre de la source de lumière (14) à l'intensité d'éclairage maximale étant stocké sous la forme d'une table de conversion dans la deuxième zone de mémoire (32),
    l'unité de calcul d'indice de restitution de couleur (22) étant conçue pour
    - calculer un facteur de multiplication à partir de la relation,
    - déterminer un spectre individuel actuel pour chaque source de lumière (14) par multiplication du spectre de la source de lumière (14) respective à l'intensité d'éclairage maximale par le facteur de multiplication,
    - additionner un spectre de rayonnement total virtuel à partir des spectres individuels déterminés pour toutes les sources de lumière (14), et
    - déterminer l'indice de restitution de couleur à partir de ce spectre de rayonnement total.
  2. Dispositif d'éclairage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des sources de lumière (14) sont des sources de lumière à base de semiconducteur.
  3. Dispositif d'éclairage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des sources de lumière (14) à base de semiconducteur sont des diodes électroluminescentes.
  4. Dispositif d'éclairage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'unité lumineuse (12) possède quatre sources de lumière (14) ayant des émissions spectrales différentes.
  5. Dispositif d'éclairage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'unité lumineuse (12) possède quatre sources de lumière (14) avec une sélection des couleurs rouge, vert, jaune, bleu, blanc.
  6. Dispositif d'éclairage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'unité lumineuse (12) possède cinq sources de lumière (14).
  7. Dispositif d'éclairage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'algorithme d'optimisation peut être exécuté dans l'espace chromatique X, Y, Z normalisé CIE.
  8. Dispositif d'éclairage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le capteur (16) est un capteur à trois canaux, de préférence un capteur RGB ou XYZ.
  9. Dispositif d'éclairage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les valeurs de pilotage sont fournies dans le système DMX.
  10. Procédé pour faire fonctionner un dispositif d'éclairage comprenant une unité lumineuse (12) qui comporte au moins quatre sources de lumière (14) ayant des spectres de couleurs différents, comprenant un capteur (16) destiné à déterminer la distribution de puissance spectrale émise par l'unité lumineuse,
    une unité de contrôle (18) qui calcule des valeurs de pilotage pour les sources de lumière (14) de l'unité lumineuse (12) en fonction d'une distribution de puissance spectrale prédéfinie et mesurée par le capteur (16) et transfère les valeurs de pilotage à une unité de pilotage (24), l'unité de pilotage (24) pilotant les sources de lumière (14) individuellement de telle sorte que la lumière émise présente la distribution de puissance spectrale prédéfinie,
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'un algorithme d'optimisation est exécuté, lequel optimise un indice de restitution de couleur déterminé sur la base des valeurs de pilotage des sources de lumière (14) individuelles en présence d'une contrainte, une erreur entre la distribution de puissance spectrale prédéfinie et la distribution de puissance spectrale mesurée étant, selon la contrainte, inférieure à une valeur limite prédéfinie, et
    qu'une unité de calcul d'indice de restitution de couleur (22) est présente, laquelle possède une unité de mémoire (26) ayant une première zone de mémoire (28) et une deuxième zone de mémoire (32), pour chaque source de lumière (14) :
    - une relation entre le maximum du spectre de la source de lumière (14) respective et la valeur de pilotage concernée de la source de lumière (14) étant enregistrée dans la première zone de mémoire (28) et
    - un spectre de la source de lumière (14) à l'intensité d'éclairage maximale étant stocké sous la forme d'une table de conversion dans la deuxième zone de mémoire (32),
    - un facteur de multiplication étant calculé à partir de la relation,
    - un spectre individuel actuel pour chaque source de lumière (14) étant déterminé par multiplication du spectre de la source de lumière (14) respective à l'intensité d'éclairage maximale par le facteur de multiplication,
    - un spectre de rayonnement total virtuel étant additionné à partir des spectres individuels déterminés pour toutes les sources de lumière (14), et
    - l'indice de restitution de couleur étant déterminé à partir de ce spectre de rayonnement total.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'algorithme d'optimisation utilisé est le procédé simplex.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que la relation est une fonction polynomiale du troisième degré dont les coefficients sont enregistrés pour chaque source de lumière.
EP13181122.6A 2012-08-22 2013-08-21 Dispositif et procédé permettant de produire de la lumière d'un spectre déterminé à l'aide d'au moins quatre sources lumineuses de différentes couleurs Not-in-force EP2701464B1 (fr)

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DE102012107706.1A DE102012107706A1 (de) 2012-08-22 2012-08-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Licht eines vorgegebenen Spektrums mit mindestens vier verschiedenfarbigen Lichtquellen

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EP2701464A2 EP2701464A2 (fr) 2014-02-26
EP2701464A3 EP2701464A3 (fr) 2015-07-08
EP2701464B1 true EP2701464B1 (fr) 2019-01-23

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DE102012107706A1 (de) 2014-02-27
US9565723B2 (en) 2017-02-07
US9980327B2 (en) 2018-05-22
EP2701464A3 (fr) 2015-07-08
US20170034890A1 (en) 2017-02-02
EP2701464A2 (fr) 2014-02-26
US20140055038A1 (en) 2014-02-27

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