EP2745065A2 - Procédé pour faire fonctionner une centrale - Google Patents

Procédé pour faire fonctionner une centrale

Info

Publication number
EP2745065A2
EP2745065A2 EP12730155.4A EP12730155A EP2745065A2 EP 2745065 A2 EP2745065 A2 EP 2745065A2 EP 12730155 A EP12730155 A EP 12730155A EP 2745065 A2 EP2745065 A2 EP 2745065A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flue gas
lignite
heat
steam generator
power plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12730155.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Pohl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWE Generation SE
Original Assignee
RWE Generation SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RWE Generation SE filed Critical RWE Generation SE
Publication of EP2745065A2 publication Critical patent/EP2745065A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/001—Heating arrangements using waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
    • F23K1/04—Heating fuel prior to delivery to combustion apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a power plant with at least one fired with solid, granular or powdered fossil fuels or biomass steam generator.
  • solid fossil fuels contain a greater or lesser amount of water, which is vaporized during combustion and contained in vapor form in the flue gas.
  • this proportion of water is relatively low; for biomass or lignite fired steam generators, this proportion of water can be more than 50% of the fuel.
  • Much of the thermal energy in the flue gas applied to the evaporation of the water is not fully exploited in modern power plants. In addition, however, there is also a need to make the energy content of the flue gas largely usable.
  • thermal energy contained in the flue gas by means of known heat transfer systems.
  • the heat displacement systems known for this purpose allow an increase in the efficiency of the power plant process concerned, in some power plants also by utilizing the heat of condensation.
  • a power plant internal use, for example in the form of a feedwater or air preheating directly leads to an increase in power plant efficiency, combined with reduced fuel consumption with constant electrical power or, if possible according to turbine and generator design, to a power increase of the power plant with constant fuel consumption, and in each of these cases, a reduction in labor costs and C0 2 emissions.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for operating a power plant with fossil solid fuels, which allows a meaningful energetic use of the heat content of the flue gases, regardless of the heat transfer medium used in the respective power plant.
  • the object is achieved by a method for operating a power plant with at least one of solid, granular or powdered fossil fuels or biomass fired steam generator, the method is a heat extraction from the flue gas of the steam generator in the flow direction of the flue gas behind a device for comburent air preheating and / or behind a steam separating upstream Brüdentrennung in the fuel supply of the steam generator and the drying of lignite comprises, wherein at least one lignite dryer is heated with the decoupled from the flue gas flow heat.
  • the dry lignite is not energetically converted as product or only with a share of ⁇ 50%, preferably with a share of ⁇ 30%, more preferably with a share of ⁇ 20% of the total required amount of fuel in the steam generator operated according to the method.
  • the invention can be summarized to the effect that in particular the decoupled from the flue gas stream of the operated power plant heat is largely withdrawn from the power plant process and is supplied to another use.
  • the method according to the invention relates to the operation of a power plant with solid fossil fuels or biomass
  • the invention should be understood to mean that the power plant can be operated, at least in part, also with liquid or gaseous fuels.
  • the method comprises operating a lignite-fired power plant, which essentially serves to generate electricity from not pre-dried lignite, since due to the process a high usable temperature level in the flue gas in front of a flue gas desulfurization is present on the power plant internal internal mill drying a large amount of water vapor in the power plant process whose condensation energy can be harnessed for heat recovery and the power plants are are located near the brown coal deposits underlying the production of dry lignite.
  • a lignite-fired power plant which essentially serves to generate electricity from not pre-dried lignite, since due to the process a high usable temperature level in the flue gas in front of a flue gas desulfurization is present on the power plant internal internal mill drying a large amount of water vapor in the power plant process whose condensation energy can be harnessed for heat recovery and the power plants are are located near the brown coal deposits underlying the production of dry lignite.
  • the dry lignite produced by the process may be entirely or predominantly intended for incineration in other power plants.
  • the dry lignite coal produced by the process can be used, for example, as fuel in coal-fired power plants, for the firing or as a complete substitute for hard coal.
  • Part of the dried lignite may be incinerated in the plant operated by the process itself, but this part will rather constitute a minor part of the dry fuel produced.
  • the steam generator is fired with lignite, which is subjected to a mill drying with flue gas, wherein a broth separation is provided between the grinding of the lignite and the introduction into the steam generator, wherein a heat extraction from a flue gas - / Brüdengemisch done using the heat of condensation of the vapor.
  • a heat extraction from the flue gas / vapor mixture or carrier gas / vapor mixture may additionally or alternatively be provided for a heat extraction from the flue gas of the steam generator behind the furnace, in particular behind a device for combustion air preheating.
  • a fired with lignite steam generator in which the coal of a Mahltrocknung by sucking back hot flue gases from the steam generator is subjected, may be provided between the grinding of the lignite and the introduction into the steam generator, a Brüdentrennung.
  • the fuel / carrier gas mixture is divided into a pulverized coal partial strand, which is passed to the burner and a second strand in which enriches the sucked back flue gas and the resulting in the evaporation of the contained in the lignite coal water content in the mill drying is present vapor.
  • a cooling of the flue gas to temperatures of 100 ° C can be carried out and a portion of the evaporation energy spent in the mill drying can be recovered by condensation of the vapor.
  • the condensation energy recovered as a result of this can be fed to lignite drying and preheating necessary for drying as well as to heat transfer within the power plant or other uses.
  • a flue gas heating is provided without the use of the condensation heat.
  • a multi-stage cooling and condensation of the flue gas is provided by using the heat of condensation.
  • the extent to which it is possible to use the heat of condensation without using the condensation heat or to fully utilize the heat content of the flue gas, including the heat of condensation, depends on the water content of the fuel used in the process and / or on the moisture content of the flue gas.
  • the flue gas is depleted and optionally condensed using at least one flue gas secondary flow channel.
  • the flue gas leaching using a bypass channel / bypass duct has the advantage that the power plant availability does not depend on the establishment and the availability of a flue gas dewatering and / or flue gas condensation depends on investment. In this case, it can also be ensured by control technology that the bypass duct is flown only when existing, heat-absorbing medium and the temperature behind there provided heat exchanger installations z. B. is kept constant for the availability of simple corrosion protection measures against acid condensing from the flue gas.
  • the flue gas heating and / or flue gas condensation takes place at near atmospheric pressure.
  • the flue gas heat is used for preheating to be dried lignite.
  • the preheating of the lignite to be dried can be done for example via a Swiss Marvel.
  • the preheating of the lignite to be dried can be operated in the bypass duct, for example by means of a flue gas / lignite heat exchanger.
  • the use of a plurality of lignite dryers connected in series is provided.
  • the vapors obtained during drying in a first dryer can be compressed and used to supply energy to at least one downstream second or further lignite dryer, such that several lignite dryers are operated as a dryer cascade.
  • a common heat carrier circuit may be provided, in which from several power plants or from several power plant blocks flue gas heat and / or steam is coupled as a heat transfer medium.
  • a Dampfsammeischiene (manifold) or the like may be provided.
  • the abovementioned method has the overall advantage that lignite drying, for example, can be operated by means of a fluidized bed dryer, independently of the power plant technology used and of the fuel used.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first variant of the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a further variant of the method according to the invention, in which a flue gas condensation and a lignite preheating is provided
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of the method according to the invention in which several lignite dryers are arranged in cascade
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of the method according to the invention in which several lignite dryers are arranged in cascade
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the method according to the invention, in which several lignite dryers are operated in parallel via a common heat carrier circuit
  • FIG. 5 shows a variant of the method according to the invention, in which a decoupling of heat from the carrier gas / vapor mixture is provided behind a Mahltrocknung.
  • FIG. 1 a process flow diagram is shown in greatly simplified form, which illustrates the heating of the flue gas in a flue gas channel 1 for the purpose of heating a lignite dryer 2 in a power plant process.
  • the power plant which is operated by the method described here, may be formed, for example, as a conventional lignite power plant.
  • This comprises one or more steam generators comprising in a known manner a boiler with a water / steam cycle, and one or more steam turbines.
  • lignite but also hard coal or other fuel can be burned.
  • brown coal is burned by direct firing.
  • peat-dried lignite is broken down and, for example, ground into dust in roller mill mills.
  • These roller mills are rendered inert with flue gas from the steam generator, the flue gas serves as a drying energy carrier as well as a carrier gas for the lignite dust, which is burned in the boilers by means of dust burners.
  • the coal mills for example, each connected to a flue gas recirculation from the boiler.
  • the coal mills can be followed by a separation of the broth in the form of centrifugal separation, for example by means of one or more cyclones.
  • the thermal energy contained in the flue gas mass flow is removed in a known manner from the flue gas in several stages, part of the energy being used for preheating combustion air.
  • the flue gas entering the flue gas channel 1 which is already largely used for energy purposes, can have a temperature between about 125 ° C. and about 160 ° C. at atmospheric pressure.
  • the flue gas is cooled in the flue gas channel 1 to a temperature of about 100 ° C and fed at this temperature a flue gas desulfurization.
  • a lignite dryer 2 is heated indirectly.
  • the lignite dryer 2 is formed for example as a fluidized bed dryer. According to the invention, it is provided that the dry brown coal withdrawn from the lignite dryer 2 is not or only to a limited extent thermally utilized in the process described here. Rather, the dry lignite is removed according to the invention as a product from the process.
  • FIG. 1 Another variant of the method is illustrated in FIG. There, a first heat exchanger 3a is arranged in a first draft 1a of the flue gas duct, and a second heat exchanger 3b is arranged in a second draft 1b of the flue gas duct.
  • a desuperheating of the flue gas is carried out by means of the heat exchanger 3a, by means of the second heat exchanger 3b, a further cooling of the flue gas below the dew point, d. H. taking advantage of the heat of condensation.
  • Heat is decoupled from the second train 1 b of the flue gas channel 1 from the flue gas stream via the intermediate heat cycle 5 and used for lignite preheating, resulting in a three-stage cooling of the flue gas from about 160 ° C. to about 50 ° C. at about atmospheric pressure ,
  • the first train 1a of the flue gas channel 1 is formed as an ascending channel section and the second train 1b of the flue gas channel 1 as a condensation region.
  • a flue gas condensate collector 7 is arranged in the second pass b.
  • the plant and process scheme shown schematically in Figure 3 differs from the preceding of Figure 2, as that there the brown coal preheating 6 is arranged in the form of a flue gas lignite heat exchanger 8 directly in the second train 1b of the flue gas duct 1.
  • at least two lignite dryers 2 are connected in series in such a way that the vapor of a first lignite dryer 2a is fed via a vapor compressor 9 a second lignite dryer 2b and the vapors of the second lignite dryer 2b is optionally fed to another lignite dryer.
  • the flue gas heat is initially coupled via the heat transfer circuit 4 in the first lignite dryer 2a, the lignite dryers 2a, 2b are connected as a cascade.
  • the process diagram shown in FIG. 4 initially differs from that in FIG. 3 in that three or more lignite dryers 2 connected in parallel are connected to a drying steam manifold 10, which is part of a heat transfer circuit 4 connecting several power plant units or multiple power plants.
  • the first draft 1a of the flue gas duct which forms the flue-gas dewatering area, is designed as a large-capacity direct drying chamber in which preheated brown coal is dried in direct contact with the flue gas.
  • the preheated brown coal is supplied to the "direct drying chamber" from a lignite warm storage 11.
  • the variant of the direct flue gas drying chamber can be provided both alternatively and in addition to the lignite dryers 2a, b, c In the second train 1 b of the flue gas duct 1 preheated and from there into the lignite hot storage 11.
  • the warmed lignite either for the purpose of direct drying the formed as a flue gas direct drying chamber second train 1b of the flue gas duct and / or the lignite dryers 2a, 2b, 2c abandoned, which are each heated in parallel via the drying steam manifold 10.
  • the flue gas flow velocity in the first draft 1a is to be reduced.
  • a fabric filter 12 is provided between the first train 1 a and the second train 1 b of the flue gas duct. The entrained dusts are deposited via this fabric filter 12. Because of the resulting in the flue gas duct 1 due to the internals pressure losses, it may be necessary to operate the system with slightly increased flue gas flow pressure.
  • the desuperheating and / or dehumidifying of the flue gas in the manner described above can also make sense without a subsequent lignite drying.
  • An essential aspect of the method according to the invention is the fact that the decoupled from the flue gas stream heat for the purpose of other uses the power plant process is completely withdrawn. The heat can be used for the production of other products as well as for the production of district heating and service water.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the grinding drying of brown coal with a fume-gas recirculation from the combustion chamber of the steam generator.
  • a coal mill for example, referred to in the form of a roller mill, for example, pre-broken, pit-wet raw lignite and sucked back flue gas from the furnace as a carrier medium and drying medium for the lignite coal are supplied.
  • Behind the coal mill 13 there is a separation of the brothers, for example in a cyclone 14 or in another centrifugal separator.
  • the fuel / carrier gas mixture is divided into a pulverized coal partial strand, which is passed to the burner and a second strand, in which the sucked back flue gas is enriched with the water contained in the evaporation of the lignite in the lignite.
  • This carrier / vapor mixture is cooled in a vapor condenser 15 to a temperature ⁇ 100 ° C, wherein the heat is coupled via a heat carrier circuit 4 with a heat transfer medium from the vapor condenser 15.
  • the heat transfer circuit 4 comprises a heat exchanger 3 in a known manner. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour faire fonctionner une centrale équipée d'un générateur de vapeur dont le chauffage est assuré par des combustibles fossiles solides, par exemple de la houille ou du lignite. Ledit procédé comprend un découplage thermique à partir des gaz brûlés du générateur de vapeur dans le sens d'écoulement desdits gaz brûlés derrière un dispositif de préchauffage de l'air de combustion, la chaleur découplée du courant de gaz brûlés étant utilisée pour sécher le lignite. Le lignite sec obtenu est retiré du processus de préférence sous forme de produit ou est converti par voie énergétique à raison de moins de 50% dans le générateur de vapeur concerné.
EP12730155.4A 2011-08-16 2012-06-21 Procédé pour faire fonctionner une centrale Withdrawn EP2745065A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011110218A DE102011110218A1 (de) 2011-08-16 2011-08-16 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kraftwerks
PCT/EP2012/002610 WO2013023719A2 (fr) 2011-08-16 2012-06-21 Procédé pour faire fonctionner une centrale

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2745065A2 true EP2745065A2 (fr) 2014-06-25

Family

ID=46395572

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12730155.4A Withdrawn EP2745065A2 (fr) 2011-08-16 2012-06-21 Procédé pour faire fonctionner une centrale

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2745065A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011110218A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013023719A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014105477B4 (de) 2014-04-16 2019-03-14 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Trocknung von feuchtem, kohlenstoffhaltigem und partikelförmigem Brennstoff
CN108854123A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-11-23 上海力顺燃机科技有限公司 燃气尾气与高温烟气混合喷射干燥系统与喷射干燥方法
CN108679932A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-10-19 上海力顺燃机科技有限公司 应用燃气尾气的喷射干燥系统与喷射干燥方法
CN111167566A (zh) * 2020-02-10 2020-05-19 北京蓝爱迪电力技术有限公司 一种基于褐煤制粉系统提高磨煤机出力的方法及装置
CN116379463B (zh) * 2023-03-13 2026-01-06 国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司 一种褐煤掺烧稳燃智能控制系统

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GB150807A (en) * 1919-06-06 1920-09-06 Teofron Boberg Improvements in or relating to drying processes
DD138994B1 (de) * 1978-09-22 1986-05-07 Berthold Gartner Verfahren zur erzeugung von brikettierfeinstkohle bzw. kohlenstaub
US4516511A (en) * 1984-04-06 1985-05-14 Kuo Tsung H Refuse incineration system
FI77512C (fi) * 1987-06-18 1989-03-10 Timo Korpela Foerfarande foer att foerbaettra verkningsgraden i en aongkraftanlaeggningsprocess.
DE3835428A1 (de) * 1988-10-18 1990-04-19 Saarberg Interplan Gmbh Verfahren zur erzeugung elektrischer energie und/oder heiz- und prozesswaerme
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DE4105128A1 (de) * 1991-02-15 1992-08-20 Ver Energiewerke Ag Verfahren zur braunkohlenaufbereitung fuer gas-dampf-kombiprozesse
DE4328648A1 (de) * 1993-08-26 1995-03-02 Rheinische Braunkohlenw Ag Kraftwerksprozeß
DE4404297A1 (de) * 1994-02-11 1995-08-24 Rheinische Braunkohlenw Ag Kraftwerksprozeß
DE19518644C2 (de) * 1995-05-20 1998-04-16 Rheinische Braunkohlenw Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Erzeugen von Dampf durch Verbrennen eines festen getrockneten Brennstoffes
SE507409C2 (sv) * 1995-10-19 1998-05-25 Vattenfall Ab Förfarande för bränslebehandling
KR101013217B1 (ko) * 2008-07-04 2011-02-10 주식회사 에콜라이트 석탄회 재활용 장치 및 방법

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011110218A1 (de) 2013-02-21
WO2013023719A3 (fr) 2013-12-27
WO2013023719A2 (fr) 2013-02-21

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