Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
  • H02J13/13—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network
  • H02J13/1331—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network using wireless data transmission
  • H02J13/1333—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network using wireless data transmission by means of mobile telephony
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
  • H02J13/13—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network
  • H02J13/1331—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network using wireless data transmission
  • H02J13/1335—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network using wireless data transmission involving a local wireless network, e.g. Wi-Fi®, ZigBee® or Bluetooth®
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
  • H02J13/18—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the remotely-controlled equipment, e.g. converters or transformers
  • H02J13/333—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the remotely-controlled equipment, e.g. converters or transformers the equipment forming part of substations
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
  • H02J3/17—Demand-responsive operation of AC power transmission or distribution networks
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
  • H02J2105/50—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
  • H02J2105/52—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads for limitation of the power consumption in the networks or in one section of the networks, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
  • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
  • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
  • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
  • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
  • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
  • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
  • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
  • Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of energy consumption management.
• Management systems aimed at balancing energy supply and demand are used by various network users, whether individuals, professionals, businesses, communities, power utilities or energy producers.
• the present invention relates more particularly to the management of the electrical energy consumption implementing a "diffuse erasure" solution.
• energy consumption varies daily depending on the activity of the site. For example, the consumption of a particular household is greater during the day than at night because of the activity of these occupants, and has a peak for a period of 16h to 20h.
• the consumption evolves according to the climatic conditions and external factors like for example the cold (heating) or the heat wave (air conditioning).
• This constant adjustment exercise notably makes it possible to avoid a generalized blackout.
• this exercise is even more complex when a peak consumption occurs, for example a sudden increase of 50% in two hours, while the activation of a power generation unit (for example a nuclear power plant ) or the routing of this energy in a region far from the point of production requires several days.
• the operator of an energy network has two types of solution.
• the first type of solution consists, for example, in increasing the production of electrical energy by modifying the flow rate of a dam or by activating auxiliary production units whose maintenance and operation are expensive.
• this solution does not make up for a strong and especially brutal increase in energy demand.
• the second type of solution consists of regulating consumption by reducing the consumption of a multitude of "small” devices during a short time.
• the sum of these sporadic load shedding allows these devices to be temporarily “erased” from the energy consumers and thus to absorb the peak of consumption, so-called “diffuse” erasure.
• This diffuse erasure thus makes it possible to erase from the power consumption a large quantity of appliances corresponding to "small" electrical consumers, and thereby to have a diffuse absorption of the peak of consumption while allowing the owner of the appliances as well as erased from achieving energy savings embodied in a financial economy.
• a bidirectional communication system establishes two-way communication channels (represented by direct double arrows) or indirectly between the control and control system comprising a transmission unit 10 and distribution 11 of the operator of the energy network 12 and the measurement and / or control units located in the premises of the end user 18 , in order to balance the demand of the user (home of an individual 180, commercial customer 181 or industrial customer 182) with the offer produced by different production and routing units (13 to 16).
• this energy network at the residential level is also represented in FIG. 2.
• the interaction with the energy network is for example carried out by means of bidirectional communication (not represented) between a point access 21 which communicates bidirectionally with the different appliances 200 of the home whose momentary attempt to reduce or cancel the consumption.
• such an access point 21 corresponds, for example, to a box installed on a switchboard that distributes the energy conveyed in particular through a concentrator 22 corresponding to a local management server of a plurality of points. access 21.
• This erasure approach can also use "smart” energy meters (24, 25) (or “smart meters” in English), for example for measuring electrical parameters 24 or else hydraulic or gaseous 25 by means of new energy technologies.
• information and communication such as computer or telecommunication techniques (Bluetooth®, WiFi, ...)).
• the use of such counters aims in terms to create a future so-called “smart grid” (or “smart grid” in English) to locally represent each contributor to diffuse erasure.
• each meter measures in real time the electricity consumption of several sets of electrical equipment to be controlled, located on the premises of a consumer, then transmits it to a central server (not shown) by means of existing communication links 23 such as a wired connection (ADSL, etc.) or a wireless connection (GPRS / DECT / WiFi ).
• the server (local or remote) on receipt of this information communicates in a so-called downlink path of the regulation instructions to the access point which echoes the desired regulation and communicates back on a so-called rising channel the new measured parameters.
• patent application US2006 / 0259199 describes a management of energy consumption such as electrical energy, gas, thermal energy and running water.
• This document proposes in particular a bidirectional network in which the downlink communication channel connecting the operator of the electrical network and a user equipment whose consumption is to be reduced if necessary, is a radio link of a commercial broadcasting supplier. transmitting signals of the RDS / BRD type, or according to DAB technologies or Internet technologies.
• the upstream channel of the system described in this application corresponds to the conventional link used for the automatic reading of electric meters, implementing an existing transmission protocol compatible with Internet technologies.
• the main criteria for evaluating an energy consumption management system are its energy efficiency and the cost of installing and using it.
• the major disadvantage of the aforementioned systems lies in the fact that the data traffic exchanged on both the up and down channels is consistent and continuous in order to react dynamically to peak consumption.
• This aspect may in particular cause the consumer to refuse to set up such a system.
• the inventors have also not identified an already existing simple solution allowing, in addition to the unloading, a monitoring and a signaling of the collapse of the voltage and the collapse of the frequency, phenomena which are however directly precursors large-scale incidents resulting in widespread blackouts.
• the invention does not pose these disadvantages of the prior art. More particularly, the invention relates to a system for managing energy consumption. According to the invention, such a system comprises:
• each unit of said plurality of receiver units comprising means for connection to a dedicated supply load, and means for receiving at least one activation / deactivation command of said power supply, emitted by said broadcasting means;
• At least one Advanced Receiving Unit comprising:
• said plurality of forward receiver units including means for transmitting said recorded data.
• the invention is therefore an improvement of the existing systems of diffuse erasure because it does not use bidirectional communication, and its cost is lower. Its high energy efficiency also makes it possible to control and manage a multitude of loads other than those traditionally controlled by existing erasing devices.
• the URAs in turn make it possible to report any erasure operation on demand because it represents a group of receiving units comprising at least one URA and a unidirectional UOR.
• the number of upstream channels is multiplied because a single URA retransmits it if necessary, that is to say only on demand and not continuously as performed according to the art. previous, the erasure / reactivation operations performed on all the feedstock of the group to which it belongs.
• the statistical model Associate also makes it possible to mitigate the management problems by statistically optimizing the diffuse clearing commands.
• said power supply on / off control diffusion means transmit said commands in FM-RDS radio signals or television signals of the VHF / UHF bands at a predetermined frequency.
• said broadcasting means comprise means for encrypting said commands for activating / deactivating feedstocks, and said forward receiving or accepting units comprise a plurality of feedstocks. hi ffr em e nt of the esco mm an d of the activation / deactivation of feedstocks.
• the power consumption management system is secured by using, for example, the 128-bit AES algorithm.
• said power supply activation / deactivation control diffusion means further comprise a module for statistical management of said power loads.
• the statistical management module can dynamically create any kind of group.
• Their elements can be created according to the choice and interest of the user according to various criteria.
• a group A includes all the units of power> Y in a geographical location X.
• a group can also be constituted by the sum of two other distinct groups.
• Group D includes Group A and Group C.
• Commands can also be addressed to one or more groups by an AND or logical OR. For example: Clear command to group A and group C or group D.
• a receiving unit of said plurality of receiver units may be assigned to more than one group of receiver units.
• said advanced receiver units furthermore comprise means for controlling the stability of an energy network belonging to the group comprising:
• said advanced receiver units furthermore comprise a synchronization module comprising at least one of the means belonging to the group:
• a broadcast signal consisting of a particular RDS frame train may be used to provide the timing necessary for all the URAs.
• the RDS driver which is very stable can be extracted from the receiver side and used as a global time reference (FM transmitters use a base frequency called 19 kHz precise frequency pilot signal for the generation of an RDS signal).
• the RDS decoding process could also be used for synchronization: After decoding each RDS block, the device generates an interrupt signal to the embedded operating system (OS). The frequency of this interruption is also stable and can be used for synchronization of the receiving unit.
• OS embedded operating system
• an advanced receiving unit comprises means for reissuing control of activation / deactivation of a supply load connected to a receiving unit of the group of receiving units to which it belongs, to said connected receiving unit. to said load.
• the receiving unit targeted by said command fails to receive said command, for example because of its location, for example a receiving unit dedicated to an apparatus located in a basement. having an RDS (or other weak) reception level.
• This re-transmission makes it possible to bring the transmitter closer to the order and thus to improve the reception of the latter. This is because of the proximity between the underground UR and the URA which is at a much shorter distance compared to the means of order distribution which can for example be remote when considering a national control center. .
• said recorded data are transmitted by the advanced receiving unit on request of said command broadcasting means and use:
• a rising path belonging to the group comprising:
• the invention also relates to a method for managing energy consumption. According to the invention, such a method comprises:
• each unit of said plurality of receiving units being connected to a dedicated supply load, and being able to receive at least one control activating / deactivating said feedstock;
• At least one reception step implemented by at least one advanced receiving unit (ARU), said advanced receiving unit, implementing at least one step: receiving at least one activation / deactivation command of a feedstock, and
• ARU advanced receiving unit
• a plurality of power supply on / off steps implemented by a plurality of receiver units (UR) and a plurality of forward receiver units (URA);
• said power consumption management method further comprises a step of initializing said plurality of receiver units and said plurality of advanced receiver units implementing a unique identification of each unit by association with the characteristic of the dedicated load to which said unit is connected.
• the invention also relates to a computer program. According to the invention it comprises program code instructions for the implementation of the energy consumption management method as described, when the program is executed by a processor.
• FIG. 1 already described in relation with the prior art, illustrates an "intelligent" energy network
• FIG. 2 already described in relation with the prior art, illustrates the detail of the residential level of the "intelligent" energy network represented by FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 corresponds to a logical representation of a power management system of the invention
• FIG. 4 illustrates more precisely the exchanges made between the control diffusion means and a group of receiver units
• FIG. 5 illustrates the compact form of a receiver unit according to the invention
• FIG. 6 illustrates the energy consumption management method according to the invention.
• the invention proposes to efficiently and simply implement an optimized diffuse erasure by using an energy consumption management system comprising a plurality of receiver units, each connected to a de-energized feedstock, and adapted to to receive at least a command for activating / deactivating this charge transmitted by broadcasting means.
• each receiving unit (UR) is unidirectionally connected to the command diffusion means, the invention makes it possible to dispense with the (re) rising channels of the prior art receiver units which reassembled the control tasks performed. .
• the command broadcast means emit charge on / off commands on the downlink paths established with the receiving units. connected to a charge that we want to "erase", that is to say, we want to temporarily suspend energy consumption.
• Reactivation of the "erased" load is then effected by transmitting to the receiving unit to which it is connected a simple activation command of this load.
• the invention minimizes the operating energy of each receiving unit because it receives only and punctually the orders of the control broadcast means.
• the system according to the invention further comprises a plurality of advanced receiving units.
• an advanced receiving unit Unlike a receiving unit, an advanced receiving unit (URA), besides being able to receive the activation and deactivation commands of the load to which it is connected, is also able to record commands.
• activation / deactivation of feeds received by a group of receiving units comprising at least one receiving unit ("unidirectional") and an advanced receiving unit.
• an advanced receiving unit is able to record the activation / deactivation commands of the load to which it is directly connected but also to record the activation / deactivation commands of the group of receiving units to which it belongs.
• This advanced receiving unit thus serves as a "deletion" log of the group of receiving units to which it belongs, and can, upon request from the command broadcasting means, transmit the data it has in memory (logs or traces for example).
• a system comprising receiving units and advanced receiving units therefore makes it possible to multiply the charges to be erased because a receiving unit ("basic") is inexpensive to implement by its unidirectional character while controlling the entire erasure diffuse because the advanced receiving unit is able to account for the erase / activate operations of the group of receiving units to which it belongs.
• a receiving unit (“basic") is inexpensive to implement by its unidirectional character while controlling the entire erasure diffuse because the advanced receiving unit is able to account for the erase / activate operations of the group of receiving units to which it belongs.
• the energy consumption management system comprises activation / deactivation control diffusion means 31 for controlling the diffuse deletion of an organized energy network in the form of logical groups 32, 33, 34. each corresponding to a logical set of charges to be erased.
• each logical group comprises a set of receiver units, for example UR1, UR2 for a first logical group 32, UR3, UR4 and UR5 for a second logical group 33, and UR6, UR7 and UR8 for a third logical group.
• Each of these receiving units are said to be "basic" because they are simply each connected to a dedicated power supply, for example UR1 is connected to C1, and able to receive at least one activation / deactivation command from the power supply. power supply, emitted by the broadcasting means 31.
• each logical group comprises at least one advanced reception unit URA1, URA2, URA3 whose role, in addition to that of a "basic" receiver unit such as that of the reception units UR described above, is to list and, if necessary, to transmit a report of the activation / deactivation operations, in other words of the erasure performed within the group in question.
• a group can be formed for a given residence or dwelling, for a neighborhood, a city, a department, a region, etc.
• the group structure is determined according to the needs of the energy operator and according to circumstances. Indeed, as described below, the group structure is polymorphous and scalable.
• each logical group can be a room.
• the first group 32 corresponds, for example, to all the receiver units connected to the feedstocks of a water room (for example a towel heater Cl and a separate electric radiator C2)
• the second group 33 corresponds to appliances in a utility room or utility room such as a C3 family refrigerator-freezer, a C4 electric heater and a washing machine C5
• the third group 34 comprises for example an electric hob, a Cl oven, and a C8 dishwasher.
• a receiving unit can belong to several logical groups.
• the receiving unit UR5 connected to the load C5 belongs to both the second logical group 33 and the third logical group 34.
• the advantage of this type of distribution makes it possible, for example, to mix a group logic establishes according to the room where the electrical appliance is located and a logical group including inactive appliances outside certain time slots, for example the hours of presence of the occupants of a residence.
• the segmentation of an electrical installation of an energy consuming site can also be applied to different sectors of a company's activities by differentiating, for example, a "branch” production, which assumes a constant electrical need if the company operates for example continuously according to the "three-eight", and a "branch” tertiary whose night activity is less in terms of daytime activity.
• the present invention offers multiple possibilities for adapting the mesh of the energy network considered. Indeed, as just mentioned, it is both possible to implement as many "basic" receiver units as there are consumers of the energy considered, such as electricity in this example, and on the contrary it is possible to erase a so-called “global" load corresponding to the concatenation of a set of charges of lower values. For example, on a production site, it may be desirable to proceed with the diffuse erasure of a set of machines when their operators are for example at the same time on a lunch break and as a result they are not used for a certain period of time. time.
• the invention thus allows an "intelligent" and optimized use of the notion of logical group.
• the logical structure of the elements of the energy consumption management system according to the invention allows a dynamic reconfiguration of the energy network according to the needs and priorities of the energy operator, especially in case of emergency, or to the opposite of the consumer when it also seeks to reduce its own energy consumption in a diffuse manner.
• the power supply activation / deactivation control diffusion means comprise a statistical management module 310 of the feedstocks.
• Such a module implements a statistical modeling of the erasure performed.
• the large number of receiver units making it possible to optimize and considerably reduce the current demand peaks on the network, and the uncertainty of their access condition, it would be very expensive to build a network.
• the direct connection of each receiving unit as previously mentioned with regard to the prior art.
• the impact of energy demand and the subsequent regulation are calculated on the basis of a statistical mathematical model.
• the inventors have determined that a statistical model makes it possible to ensure the control of diffuse erasure by guaranteeing responsiveness and a moderate implementation cost.
• the statistical model implemented by the statistical management module of the invention is based on predictive functions constructed from historical data and a learning process. During this learning process, quantitative relationships between the target variables (variables that must be predicted, for example, the number of successful deletions) and the predictor variables are determined from the historical data collected.
• the system according to the invention comprises the units advanced receivers (URA1, URA2, URA3) implementing additional functionalities with regard to so-called basic receiver units (UR1 to UR8). More precisely, the statistical model implemented according to the invention makes it possible to ensure two distinct functions within the system, namely:
• the statistical model according to the invention makes it possible to optimize the topology and the mode of transmission in order to ensure the good reception of the messages in the absence of uplink for each receiving unit " basic "confirming the execution of the order.
• a probabilistic approach is implemented, allowing for example to determine the number of necessary repetitions of an RDS frame, containing the commands for activation / deactivation of feedstocks emitted by the broadcasting means or containing the recorded data transmitted by the advanced receiving units, to ensure reception to a receiver or receivers (command broadcast means, "basic" receiver units, advanced receiver unit) located in a given geographical location.
• each receiver command broadcast means, "basic” receiver units, advanced receiver unit
• a reception probability taking into account various parameters.
• the initialization of the statistical model corresponds to a previously known statistical model, used for the modeling of the radio waves, and more particularly adapted for the FM band.
• modelizations are for example selected according to parameters predetermined by the energy operator such as the coverage distance of the radio signal and the uniformity of the environment in which this wave propagates. Some models are indeed more suitable for large cells and others for smaller cells.
• the "Shadowing" model used in a preferential way, takes into account the random variation of the power as a function of the distance, because of the effects of propagation by multiple paths.
• ⁇ the attenuation exponent as a function of distance, which is generally empirically determined by measurements in a real environment, and - odB, called in English "shadowing deviation", which is also obtained by measurements in real environment .
• the receiver elements of the system are placed at locations previously determined by a first modeling.
• the advanced receiving units return the recorded data of the group to which they belong on request (and / or according to a predetermined period).
• the location in other words the modeling of the energy network, takes into account the data thus collected in an empirical way and will evolve dynamically according to these.
• the collected information used for the calibration phase of the propagation model are for example:
• Bit error rate the number of errors (Bit error rate) in each RDS group received after decoding
• 'marking' may be provided by the advanced receiving unit by sending an RDS frame or by an on-board clock);
• the "first" statistical data for estimating the diffuse erasing power are derived from the consumption information of the site.
• each receiving unit is connected to a load whose electrical characteristics are known and stored in a database.
• the modeling of the energy network can take into account different "hierarchies" of modeling.
• a command distribution hierarchy is used, for example based on the existing broadcasting system, which can be of two types:
• a plurality of regional activation / deactivation control broadcast means in other words a pyramidal control hierarchy.
• FIG. 4 illustrates more precisely the exchanges made between the activation control broadcast means. / deactivation and a group of receiving units.
• the advanced receiving unit 43 designed from the so-called "basic" receiver unit 42, furthermore has a data logger 4311 equipped with a real-time clock in order to precisely date and inform the erasing operations. diffuse implemented within the logical group of receiving units to which it belongs. The advanced receiving unit 43 thus records the information received and the command applied to the loads connected to each receiving unit composing the logical group in question.
• the activation / deactivation command diffusion means comprise a statistical management module 401 of said feedstocks.
• the power supply on / off control broadcast means transmit commands in FM-RDS signals 41 at a predetermined frequency used for radio applications or in VHF band signals. / UHF used for television applications.
• the advantage is that the message thus broadcast is transmitted in a geographical location generally delimited by the power of the transmitter. Indeed, broadcast messages can be potentially intercepted only locally, that is to say within a geographical coverage of an FM transmitter, for example. In addition, this mode of FM broadcast is separated from the IP world, thus limiting the risk of a cyber-attack to steal personal information of the consumer.
• the activation / deactivation command broadcast means also comprise means 402 for enabling / disabling power supply commands. So, unlike the prior art implementing bidirectional communications with each receiver unit connected to a feedstock, the invention aims to avoid revealing the habits of a user but also to avoid allowing an unwanted exploitation of the information collected .
• the "one-way" communication 44 sent to the receiving units is secured by encryption which drastically limits the possibilities of subtilization of personal information of the consumer.
• the FM (or even UHF / VHF) signal thus broadcast is a secure stream enabling the use of existing RDS / DAB frames, in particular Open Data Applications (ODA) frames. , secured by an encryption algorithm, for example the AES 128-bit algorithm, to prevent the malicious control of a receiving unit by malicious use of a message previously intercepted, recorded and rebroadcast.
• ODA Open Data Applications
• a receiver 420 for receiving the activation / deactivation commands transmitted by the control diffusing means 40, preferably it is a radio receiver (50), for example of the RDS type 76-
• 108 MHz capable of receiving FM-RDS signals at a previously chosen frequency, such a receiver notably comprises an integrated FM antenna for a high sensitivity;
• a unit 421 comprising a secure microcontroller with embedded software able to implement an algorithm for decrypting the received encrypted commands, for example a 128-bit AES type algorithm;
• Figure 5 illustrates the advantageously compact form of this receiving unit whose length and width are respectively of the order of 67 and 55 mm.
• this receiving unit whose length and width are respectively of the order of 67 and 55 mm.
• Such compactness allows a direct integration of the receiving unit in large appliances to "erase” (air conditioning system, heating system, etc.), but also in light household appliances (chargers, docking stations for nomadic devices) or in a power outlet. Thus, it is possible to refine as much as desired the mesh of the energy network on which it is desired to apply the diffuse erasure.
• FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a first portion 430 of the advanced receiving unit 43 comprising the same constituent elements as the receiving unit (UR) 42 previously described, namely:
• a receiver 4302 for receiving the activation / deactivation commands transmitted by the control diffusing means 40, preferably it is a radio receiver for example of the type RDS 76-108 MHz capable of receiving FM signals; RDS at a previously chosen frequency, such a receiver notably comprises an integrated FM antenna for a high sensitivity,
• a unit 4303 comprising a secure microcontroller with embedded software capable of implementing an algorithm for decrypting the received encrypted commands, for example a 128 bit AES type algorithm,
• an integrated relay unit 4301 for example 10 A, for example applying an ON / OFF command by means of a switch 4300 in order to enable or disable the feedstock 47 to which the forward receiving unit 43 is connected.
• the elements of the Advanced Receiving Unit 43 (URA) for implementing additional functionalities are schematically represented in a second part 431 and are as follows: a receiver-data recorder 4310 for receiving and recording received power supply on / off commands for a group of receiver units to which it belongs and the basic receiver unit described above, the receiver-receiver the recorder further comprises a real-time clock synchronized by the FM-RDS broadcast signal 41 transmitted by the control diffusion means 40,
• transmission means 4312 able to transmit on request the recorded data, these means may for example correspond to a wireless Ethernet connection (WIFI, Bluetooth, Zigbee) or wired (for example by power lines),
• WIFI wireless Ethernet connection
• Bluetooth Bluetooth
• Zigbee Zigbee
• wired for example by power lines
• the transmission means 4312 it is possible for the transmission means 4312 to also periodically transmit the recorded data, without request from the command broadcasting means, according to a period predetermined by the energy operator or another organization. According to another variant, it is also possible for the command broadcasting means periodically to issue a request for the return of the recorded data, according to a period predetermined by the energy operator.
• the advanced receiving unit could also measure and record the amount of electric charge on which the action (ON, OFF, etc.) is applied.
• the information recorded by the advanced receiving unit can be downloaded on demand and deferred to the control dispatching means for statistical processing by the statistical management module.
• Different types of uplink implemented by the transmission means 412 can be used to transmit this information in order to create the historical data necessary for the statistical model such as a direct type uplink belonging to the group:
• FIG. 4 represents a basic type receiving unit and an advanced receiving unit.
• the number of advanced receiving units is much smaller than that of the basic type receiving units, in order to limit the cost of the installation. and maintenance of the complete system.
• nine basic and one advanced only one uplink is implemented by the forward receiver unit representative of the logical group, whereas ten uplinks would have been necessary according to the prior art.
• each forward receiving unit must be judiciously placed to collect information representative of a logical group defined according to a predetermined criterion.
• the advanced receiving unit is therefore the receiving unit representing a logical group and records all the operations performed following commands received from the command broadcast means.
• a first command 44 is sent to a basic receiving unit and a second command 45 to an advanced receiving unit
• these two commands are, according to a first embodiment, recorded by the receiving unit. advanced.
• a single command can quite well serve to activate / deactivate together a plurality of receiver units and an advanced receiver unit.
• a single command can also be used to jointly enable / disable a plurality of groups of receiving units (each group comprising a plurality of receiving units and at least one advanced receiving unit).
• the advanced receiving unit may also comprise command broadcasting means, so as to be able to reissue an activation / deactivation command of a feedstock. connected to a receiving unit of the group of receiving units to which it belongs, and to this receiving unit connected to said load.
• command broadcasting means so as to be able to reissue an activation / deactivation command of a feedstock.
• the radio reception level is low. This is for example the case if the load potentially targeted is isolated for example in a basement.
• This variant therefore allows an advanced receiving unit to reissue the command to the isolated receiving unit to increase the transmission level and ensure good reception of this command by the receiving unit potentially targeted.
• each receiving unit of "basic" type can at any time be addressed by its individual identification despite belonging to a group. It can also be removed from a group to which it has been previously assigned.
• the ability to individually address a receiving unit can enable the creation of home automation service targeting a particular consumer in addition to demand management. For example, one can imagine an individual request to control the remote start of the heating of a specific house. According to this first embodiment, the advanced receiving unit therefore makes it possible to "trace" and prove the erasure operations that have been performed within a group. This application is for example of interest to an individual who wishes to keep a precise and detailed trace of the diffuse erasure realized within his residence in case of a possible dispute specific to his energy bill.
• Broadcast signals generally have limited bandwidth and capacity, particularly for FM-RDS type signals. And if one targets a reactive fast response of the receiving units of a logical group to a command, the number of messages transmitted must be limited.
• the concept of group is, according to this second embodiment used, for this purpose.
• the implementation of a logical group according to the invention allows to share certain characteristics of the receiving units that compose it.
• Such a pooling being for example created at the request of the energy operator wishing to acquire and implement the system according to the invention.
• a given receiving unit can be assigned to one or more groups, depending on the needs of the operator of the energy network.
• a message sent to a group will affect all of its members.
• the number of RDS messages contained in the FM-RDS signals is therefore reduced and several receiver units having the group logical link (s) can be controlled with a single message.
• one of the advantages of the invention lies in the ability to efficiently and continuously configure the groups that make up the system: according to the needs, a given UR can belong to a first group at a given moment and another group the next moment.
• the frequency stability of energy networks is essential to maintaining the quality and security of the balance between supply and demand.
• One solution to avoid any problem related to this break of equilibrium is to anticipate a possible failure by monitoring the instability of the frequency and by integrating a preventive dynamic control in some of the consumer devices.
• the solution proposed according to the invention implements monitoring of the frequency of the energy network and allows, depending on the result of this monitoring, to put a device, connected to a receiving unit, on or off, in order to preserve the integrity of the energy network (and that of the device itself at the same time).
• a device connected to a receiving unit, on or off
• FIG. 4 illustrates for example that the advanced receiving unit comprises a unit for measuring the frequency of the electric current 431 1, and a unit for measuring the amplitude of the voltage of the electric current 4313, able respectively to the precise measurements of frequency deviations and harmonic content of the waveforms of the electric current on the one hand, and measurements of variation of the voltage amplitude as well as transient currents and voltages on the other hand.
• a broadcast signal comprising a particular RDS frame train, the RDS driver which is very stable and which can be retrieved from the receiver side for use as a global time reference (FM transmitters for example use a frequency of base called the 19 kHz precise frequency pilot signal for the generation of an RDS signal), the RDS decoding process based on the fact that after the decoding of each RDS block, an interrupt signal is generated to the system operating system (OS) of the advanced receiving unit at a stable frequency.
• OS system operating system
• the choice of the synchronization method depends on the necessary precision and is determined by a compromise of parameters such as: overall cost, required accuracy, synchronization time, coverage, etc. These data are recorded by the URA in order to be transmitted, on request or not, to the control broadcast and / or network management means.
• the synchronization of the different reception units with each other is based on the intrinsic characteristics of the RDS signal:
• an RDS frame consisting of 124 bits can be considered as a time base of 21.894 us.
• Each receiving unit also has a reference clock for the embedded processor (now 6 MHz Clockpro).
• the principle is to constitute a 'virtual' clock and therefore a time base common to all receivers dependent on the same RDS transmitter or arranged in a predetermined geographical radius.
• an initialization frame is transmitted and a time base of a virtual clock is created according to the granularity of the frequency of the onboard processor.
• Such a method comprises:
• a plurality of reception stages 621 implemented by a plurality of receiver units (UR), each unit 620 of the plurality of receiver units being connected to a dedicated supply load, and able to receive at least one control activating / deactivating said feedstock;
• at least one receiving step 631 implemented by at least one advanced receiving unit (ARA), said forward receiving unit 630, implementing at least one step:
• the method further comprises a step of initializing the plurality of receiving units and said plurality of forward receiving units implementing a unique identification of each unit by association with the characteristic of the dedicated load to which said unit is connected.
• the unique identification of each unit is associated with the description of the targeted load of its characteristics (power, etc.).
• These elements are stored in a database that is part of the device management system software. For example, the following settings can be saved: location, target load (device type, for example), estimated capacity for erasable power, when the load can be slowed down or turned off, and so on.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
• Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-04-17 FR FR1253538A patent/FR2989533A1/fr active Pending
  • 2012-05-30 FR FR1254958A patent/FR2989534B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2013
  • 2013-04-15 WO PCT/EP2013/057821 patent/WO2013156447A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2013-04-15 EP EP13715711.1A patent/EP2839565A2/de not_active Withdrawn

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