EP2846920B1 - Appareil de séparation de particules magnétiques à ressource écologique à partir de particules non magnétiques - Google Patents

Appareil de séparation de particules magnétiques à ressource écologique à partir de particules non magnétiques Download PDF

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EP2846920B1
EP2846920B1 EP13723724.4A EP13723724A EP2846920B1 EP 2846920 B1 EP2846920 B1 EP 2846920B1 EP 13723724 A EP13723724 A EP 13723724A EP 2846920 B1 EP2846920 B1 EP 2846920B1
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Prior art keywords
magnetic
dispersion
outlet
present
hydrophobic
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2846920A1 (fr
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Reinhold Rieger
Imme Domke
Alexej Michailovski
Piyada Charoensirisomboon
David F. Blackwood
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/005—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation
    • B03C1/01—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation by addition of magnetic adjuvants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/28—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
    • B03C1/288—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks disposed at the outer circumference of a recipient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/18—Magnetic separation whereby the particles are suspended in a liquid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for separating magnetic particles from a dispersion comprising these magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles, comprising at least one loop-like canal forming 90 to 350° of a circular arc through which the dispersion flows, at least one magnet that is movable alongside the canal and which forces the magnetic particles into at least one first outlet, and at least one second outlet through which the non-magnetic particles are forced, wherein the apparatus further comprises at least one first means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophilic liquid and at least one second means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophobic liquid.
  • the present invention relates to the use of the apparatus according to the present invention for separating magnetic particles from a dispersion, comprising these magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles.
  • WO 2010/031617 A1 discloses a device for separating ferromagnetic particles from a suspension, wherein this device comprises a tubular reactor and a plurality of magnets which are arranged outside the reactor, the magnets being moveable along at least a part of the length of the reactor up to the vicinity of a particle extractor by means of rotary conveyor.
  • the reactor is a linear tube, but is not loop-like. The cleaning of the magnetic fraction is not described.
  • US 6, 149,014 discloses a mill magnet separator and method for separating, wherein the separator comprises a wet drum magnetic separator capable of treating, removing tramp metal from the full flow discharge of a grinding mill having a feed box which provides overflow capacity. Separation of magnetic particles of the mentioned dispersion is achieved by fixed magnets which are arranged at the inner side of a rotating drum. The mentioned document does not disclose any specific arrangement of the apparatus in respect of gravity.
  • EP 0 520 971A1 discloses a method and apparatus for magnetic separation.
  • the apparatus comprises a magnetic separator with fixed, low intensity magnets and a rotated drum, which is surrounded by a wall to get a long magnetic separation zone.
  • the mentioned document does not disclose any arrangement of the apparatus in respect of gravity.
  • US 3,489,280 discloses a magnetic separator having field shaping poles.
  • the separator according to this document is a drum-like separator, wherein fixed magnets are arranged at the inside of the drum which is partly surrounded by a wall. The dispersion flows through this so-built canal. Further magnets are arranged at the opposite side of this channel.
  • the mentioned document does not disclose any arrangement of the apparatus in respect of gravity and no flushing of the magnetic separated fraction is documented.
  • SU 1240451 A1 discloses a separator for the separation of magnetic particles from a dispersion comprising these and non-magnetic particles by a disk-like magnetic separator, comprising fixed magnets at the outside of the disks.
  • a canal is formed at the inside of the disks and the dispersion to be treated flows through this canal.
  • the magnets are located at alternating positions at both sides of the disk, so that the magnetic layer is dug up by running from one side of the canal to the other side.
  • the magnetic fraction is washed out of the disk-like canal by a clean fluid, but no washing of the magnetic fraction is documented.
  • the mentioned document does not disclose any arrangement of the apparatus in respect of gravity.
  • SU 1470341 A1 discloses a separator for separating magnetic particles from dispersants comprising these and non-magnetic particles by a drum separator, wherein this drum separator comprises a long way along the drum in which a magnetic field is applied to the dispersion to be separated in order to increase yield and efficiency of magnetic separation.
  • WO 98/06500 discloses an apparatus and method for separating particles.
  • This apparatus includes means for generating a rotating magnetic field such as a rotating magnetic drum.
  • the canal through which the dispersion to be separated flows is in direct neighborhood to the magnets, wherein it is loop-like or linear.
  • the separation is done by causing a rotation to the particles to be separated, what occurs to coarse particles, and to use this rotation as force to separate the magnetizable particles. It is not disclosed in said document that the whole reactor shall be arranged in respect to gravity in a way to improve separation of magnetic and non-magnetic particles.
  • EP 1524038 A1 discloses a separator for separating magnetic particles from dispersions comprising these and non-magnetic particles by a loop-like separator that is using magnetic forces to separate magnetic fraction assisted by centrifugal and gravity forces, wherein gravity forces are working across the flow direction due to the horizontal location of the loop and do not efficiently separate non-magnetic constituents from the magnetic constituents. It is not disclosed to clean the magnetic fraction in any way.
  • the magnetite or the magnetic material which is used as the carrier for the values can be recycled into the process in order to run the process in an economically advantageous way.
  • the agglomerates comprising the value and the magnetic material are preferably treated with an aqueous solution comprising surfactants. This aqueous solution comprising surfactants is then further carried through the process, wherein a very low amount of surfactants sticks to the value and very low amount of the surfactants is attached to the hydrophobic magnetic carrier particles.
  • the surfactant which is used to separate the agglomerates should also be recycled into the process. Furthermore, with recycling the magnetic carrier particles and the surfactant which is used to separate the agglomerates, a process can be designed which is more environmentally friendly. A process, wherein the substrates which are used, for example magnetic material and/or surfactant, are recycled, gives rise to a significantly improved efficiency of the whole process.
  • non-magnetic constituents comprise essentially oxidic compounds which in a work-up of the ore mineral by smelting are obtained as slag and have an adverse effect on the smelting process.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which can be operated with low amounts of surfactant and magnetic material which has to be added to the process in each circle. To solve this object, an apparatus should be provided giving rise to the opportunity that surfactant and magnetic material can be recycled at a very high ratio.
  • an apparatus for separating magnetic particles from a dispersion comprising these magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles, comprising at least one loop-like canal forming 90 to 350° of a circular arc through which the dispersion flows, at least one magnet that is movable alongside the canal and which forces the magnetic particles into at least one first outlet, and at least one second outlet through which the non-magnetic particles are forced, wherein the apparatus further comprises at least one first means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophilic liquid and at least one second means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophobic liquid.
  • the apparatus of the invention serves to separate magnetic constituents from a dispersion comprising these magnetic constituents and non-magnetic constituents.
  • the apparatus can be employed for separating all magnetic constituents from non-magnetic constituents that form dispersion, preferably in water.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention can preferably be used in two possible embodiments.
  • the at least one magnetic particle is an hydrophobic bound agglomerate comprising at least one first material that is hydrophobic or treated to be hydrophobic, preferably values that are in general present in naturally occurring ores, and at least one magnetic material that is hydrophobic or treated to be hydrophobic, preferably hydrophobised magnetite.
  • the at least one non-magnetic particle being present in the dispersion is at least one second material, preferably the gangue that is in general present in naturally occurring ores.
  • This preferred first embodiment of the present invention is shown exemplarily in figure 1 .
  • the at least one magnetic particle is a hydrophobic magnetic material, preferably hydrophobised magnetite that is used for separating values from gangue in naturally occurring ores, particularly preferably magnetite that has been used to provide hydrophobic connected magnetic agglomerates according to the first embodiment.
  • the at least one non-magnetic particle being present in the dispersion is at least one first material, preferably the values that are in general present in naturally occurring ores, particularly preferably the values that is hydrophobic or treated to be hydrophobic and that have been present in the hydrophobic connected agglomerates according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • This preferred second embodiment of the present invention is shown exemplarily in figure 2 .
  • the apparatus of the invention is preferably used in order to separate magnetic constituents, for example naturally occurring magnetite, from naturally occurring ores, preferably before further work-up of these ores.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention comprises means to conduct both steps according to the first and the second embodiment one after another.
  • magnetic agglomerates are separated from at least one non-magnetic second material, and in a second step, after desagglomeration, at least one magnetic particle that has been present in the magnetic agglomerates is separated form the at least one first material.
  • the process of the invention serves to separate aqueous dispersions which originate from the work-up of naturally occurring ores.
  • the aqueous dispersion to be separated originates from a process for separating at least one first material from a mixture comprising this at least one first material and at least one second material, with the at least two materials being separated from one another by treating the mixture in aqueous dispersion with at least one magnetic particle, resulting in the at least one first material and the at least one magnetic particle agglomerating and thus forming the magnetic constituents of the aqueous dispersion and the at least one second material and the at least one magnetic particle not agglomerating so that the at least one second material preferably forms the non-magnetic constituents of the aqueous dispersion.
  • the agglomeration of at least one first material and at least one magnetic particle to form the magnetic constituents in general occurs as a result of attractive interactions between these particles.
  • said particles it is possible, for example, for said particles to agglomerate because the surface of the at least one first material is intrinsically hydrophobic or is hydrophobicized by treat ment with at least one surface-modifying substance, if appropriate additionally. Since the magnetic particles likewise either themselves have a hydrophobic surface or are hydrophobicized, if appropriate additionally, said particles agglomerate as a result of the hydrophobic interactions.
  • the at least one second material preferably has a hydrophilic surface, the magnetic particles and the at least one second material do not agglomerate. A process for formation these magnetic agglomerates is described, for example, in WO 2009/030669 A1 .
  • hydrophobic means that the corresponding particle can have been hydrophobicized subsequently by treatment with the at least one surface-modifying substance. It is also possible for an intrinsically hydrophobic particle to be additionally hydrophobicized by treatment with the at least one surface-modifying substance.
  • Hydrophobic means, for the purposes of the present invention, that the surface of a corresponding "hydrophobic substance” or a “hydrophobicized substance” has a contact angle of > 90° with water against air.
  • Hydrophilic means, for the purposes of the present invention, that the surface of a corresponding “hydrophilic substance” has a contact angle of ⁇ 90° with water against air.
  • At least one hydrophobic liquid is, in general, a liquid that interacts with water as a non mixing partner by forming nonpolar domains, i. e. cells, within the water, i. e. causing a hydrophobic effect.
  • preferred hydrophobic liquids according to the present invention are selected from the group consisting of aqueous solutions of surfactants, alcohols with long alkyl-chains, for example with 4 to 18, preferably 4 to 15, carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred surfactants are selected from the group consisting of non-ionic, anionic, cationic or hybrid-ionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.
  • non-ionic surfactants are selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohol polyglycolethers, preferably fatty alcohol polyethyleneglycolethers and mixtures thereof.
  • anionic surfactants are selected from the group consisting of alkylbenzenesulfonates, secondary alkylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfonates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates and mixtures thereof.
  • preferred examples of cationic surfactants are selected from 40 the group consisting of stearyltrimethylammonium salts and mixtures thereof.
  • hybrid-ionic surfactants are selected from the group consisting of sultaines, fatty acid amido alkylhydroxy sultaines, alkylbetaines and mixtures thereof.
  • particularly preferred surfactants are selected from the group consisting of sodium-alkylphenolethersulfates.
  • At least one hydrophilic liquid is in general a liquid that is completely miscible with water and forms only one phase with water.
  • hydrophilic liquids according to the present invention are selected from the group consisting of water, alcohols like methanol, ethanol, propanols, for example n-propanol, iso-propanol and mixtures thereof.
  • water is used as hydrophilic liquid.
  • magnetic agglomerates i.e. the magnetic constituents which can be separated off by the apparatus of the invention, can also occur via other attractive interactions, for example via the pH-dependent zeta potential of the corresponding surfaces, see, for example, the International publications WO 2009/010422 and WO 2009/065802 .
  • Further methods for attaching magnetic particles and particles to be separated off include application of bifunctional molecules, like for example described in WO2010/007075 .
  • Another method for attaching magnetic particles and particles to be separated off include application of molecules being hydrophobic or hydrophilic depending on the temperature, like for example described in WO2010/007157 .
  • the at least one first material which together with magnetic particles forms the magnetic constituents is at least one hydrophobic metal compound or coal and the at least one second material which forms the non-magnetic constituents is preferably at least one hydrophilic metal compound.
  • the at least one hydrophobic metal compound is selected from the group consisting of sulfidic ores, oxidic ores, carbonate-comprising ores, noble metals in elemental form, compounds comprising noble metals and mixtures thereof.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one hydrophobic metal compound is selected from the group consisting of sulfidic ores, oxidic ores, carbonate-comprising ores, noble metals in elemental form, compounds comprising noble metals and mixtures thereof.
  • the at least one hydrophilic metal compound is selected from the group consisting of oxidic metal compounds, hydroxidic metal compounds and mixtures thereof.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one hydrophilic metal compound is selected from the group consisting of oxidic metal compounds, hydroxidic metal compounds and mixtures thereof.
  • Examples of the at least one first material to be separated off are preferably metal compounds selected from the group consisting of sufidic ores, oxidic and/or carbonate-comprising ores, for example azurite [Cu 3 (CO 3 ) 2 (OH) 2 ] or malachite [Cu 2 [(OH) 2
  • CO 3 ]], rare earth metals comprising ores like bastnaesite (Y, Ce, La)CO 3 F, monazite (RE)PO 4 (RE rare earth metal) or chrysocolla (Cu,Al) 2 H 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 ⁇ n H 2 O, noble metals in elemental form and their compounds to which a surface-modifying compound can become selectively attached to produce hydrophobic surface properties.
  • rare earth metals comprising ores like bastnaesite (Y, Ce
  • noble metals that may be present as at least first material are Au, Pt, Pd, Rh, etc., preferably in the native state or as sulphides, phosphides, selenides, tellurides or as alloys with bismuth, antimony and/or other metals.
  • sulfidic ores which can be separated according to the invention are, for example, selected from the group of copper ores consisting of covellite CuS, molybdenum(IV) sulfide, chalcopyrite (cupriferous pyrite) CuFeS 2 , bornite Cu 5 FeS 4 , chalcocite (copper glass) Cu 2 S, pendlandite (Fe,Ni) 9 S 8 , and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable oxidic metal compounds which may be present as at least one second material according to the invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide SiO 2 , silicates, aluminosilicates, for example feldspars, for example albite Na(Si 3 Al)O 8 , mica, for example muscovite KAl 2 [(OH,F) 2 AlSi 3 O 10 ], garnets (Mg, Ca, Fe II ) 3 (Al, Fe III ) 2 (SiO 4 ) 3 and further related minerals and mixtures thereof.
  • the mixture comprising at least one first material and at least one second material is present in the form of particles having a size of from 100 nm to 200 ⁇ m; see, for example, US 5,051,199 .
  • Preferred ore mixtures have a content of sulfidic materials of at least 0.01% by weight, preferably 0.5% by weight and particularly preferably at least 3% by weight.
  • sulfidic minerals which are present in the mixtures which can be treated according to the invention are those mentioned above.
  • sulfides of metals other than copper can also be present in the mixtures, for example sulfides of iron, lead, zinc or molybdenum, i.e. FeS/FeS 2 , PbS, ZnS or MoS 2 .
  • oxidic compounds of metals and semimetals for example silicates or borates, or other salts of metals and semimetals, for example phosphates, sulfates or oxides/hydroxides/carbonates and further salts, for example azurite [Cu 3 (CO 3 ) 2 (OH) 2 ], malachite [Cu 2 [(OH) 2 (CO 3 )]], barite (BaSO 4 ), monazite ((La-Lu)PO 4 ), can be present in the ore mixtures to be treated according to the invention.
  • Further examples of the at least one first material which is separated off with the apparatus of the invention are noble metals, for example Au, Pt, Pd, Rh etc., which can be present in the native state, as alloy or in associated form.
  • the at least one first material from the abovementioned group is brought into contact with at least one magnetic particle in order to obtain the magnetic constituents by attachment or agglomeration.
  • the magnetic constituents can comprise all magnetic particles known to those skilled in the art.
  • the at least one magnetic particle is selected from the group consisting of magnetic metals, for example iron, cobalt, nickel and mixtures thereof, ferromagnetic alloys of magnetic metals, for example NdFeB, SmCo and mixtures thereof, magnetic iron oxides, for example magnetite, maghemite, cubic ferrites of the general formula (I) M 2+ x Fe 2+ 1-x Fe 3+ 2 O 4 (I) where
  • the at least one magnetic particle is magnetite or cobalt ferrite Co 2+ x Fe 2+ 1-x Fe 3+ 2 O 4 where x ⁇ 1.
  • the magnetic particles used in the magnetic constituents are present in a size of from 100 nm to 200 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the magnetic constituents i.e. preferably magnetic particles and/or agglomerates of magnetic particles and at least one first material, are generally present in an amount which allows the aqueous dispersion to be transported or conveyed in the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the preferably aqueous dispersion to be treated according to the invention preferably comprises from 0.01 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.2 to 3% by weight, very particularly preferably from 0.5 to 1% by weight, of magnetic constituents, in each case based on the total dispersion.
  • the non-magnetic constituents are generally present in an amount which allows the aqueous dispersion to be transported or conveyed in the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the aqueous dispersion to be treated according to the invention preferably comprises from 3 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably from 10 to 45% by weight, very particularly preferably from 20 to 40% by weight, of non-magnetic constituents, in each case based on the total dispersion.
  • a preferably aqueous dispersion is treated in the apparatus according to the invention, i.e. the dispersion medium is essentially water, for example from 50 to 97% by weight, preferably from 55 to 90% by weight, very particularly preferably from 60 to 80% by weight, in each case based on the total dispersion.
  • the apparatus can also be applied to nonaqueous dispersions or mixtures of solvents with water.
  • further dispersion media for example alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanols, for example n-propanol or isopropanol other organic solvents such as ketones, for example acetone, ethers, for example dimethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, mixtures of aromatics such as naphtha or diesel or mixtures of two or more of the abovementioned solvents, can be present in addition to or instead of water.
  • the dispersion media present in addition to water are present in an amount of up to 97% by weight, preferably up to 90% by weight, very particularly preferably up to 80 % by weight, in each case based on the total dispersion.
  • the dispersion that is to be treated with the apparatus according to the present invention has a solid content of for example 3 to 50% by weight, preferably from 10 to 45% by weight.
  • the present invention therefore further relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the dispersion to be treated has a solid content of 3 to 50% by weight, preferably from 10 to 45% by weight.
  • an aqueous dispersion which does not comprise any further dispersion medium except water is treated with the apparatus of the invention.
  • the magnetic particles, in particular magnetite, that are separated according to the second embodiment of the present invention are recycled into the process for separating at least one first material from a mixture comprising this at least one first material and at least one second material.
  • This preferred recycling makes it possible to run the process more economically and more environmentally friendly.
  • the surfactant preferably an aqueous solution thereof that is preferably used as a hydrophobic liquid is recycled into the process for separating at least one first material from a mixture comprising this at least one first material and at least one second material.
  • This preferred recycling makes it possible to run the process more economically and more environmentally friendly.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus according to the present invention, further comprising a means for recycling the hydrophobic liquid after treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion therewith.
  • both the magnetic particles that are separated according to the second embodiment of the present invention and the surfactant, preferably an aqueous solution thereof, that is preferably used as a hydrophobic liquid are recycled into the process for separating at least one first material from a mixture comprising this at least one first material and at least one second material.
  • This preferred recycling makes it possible to run the process even more economically and more environmentally friendly.
  • a very specific feature of the apparatus according to the present invention is that it comprises at least one first means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophilic liquid, and at least one second means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophobic liquid.
  • the at least one second means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophobic liquid is located at the at least one first outlet, which is used to separate the magnetic agglomerates.
  • the hydrophobic liquid is an aqueous solution of at least one surfactant.
  • the dispersion that preferably comprises magnetic agglomerates at this point of the apparatus is treated with at least one hydrophobic liquid in order to start desagglomeration of the hydrophobic connected agglomerates to have the hydrophobic magnetic particle and the at least one first hydrophobic material separately to be treated in the preferred second embodiment.
  • the at least one first means (11) is located at the at least one first outlet (5) near by the at least one second outlet (6) for treating the hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates with a hydrophilic liquid to move hydrophilic nonmagnetic particles, which are hold within the bulk of hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates to the at least one second outlet (6).
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one first means is located at the at least one first outlet nearby the at least one second outlet for treating hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates with a hydrophilic liquid to move hydrophilic nonmagnetic particles, which are hold within the bulk of hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates to the at least one second outlet. Further preferred, further means may be located between the at least one second outlet and the at least one first means, according to this embodiment.
  • located at in general means that the corresponding means is located near, preferably directly adjacent the corresponding outlet or inlet. According to the present invention, it is possible that no or at least one further means is located between the corresponding means and the corresponding outlet or inlet.
  • “nearby” in general means a distance of the corresponding means to the corresponding outlet, preferably “nearby” means 1- to 10-fold, particularly preferably 2- to 8-fold, further preferably 4- to 6-fold the main dimension of the canal, in particular the width of the canal.
  • the canal of the apparatus according to the present invention comprises a width of for example 1 to 80 mm, preferably 3 to 60 mm.
  • the ratio of height to width of the canal of the apparatus according to the present invention is 1/1 to 1/10.
  • the "outlet” means a part of the canal through which particles, magnetic and/or non-magnetic particles, are driven by, for example, current, gravity and/or magnetic forces.
  • the "outlet opening” means a part of the outlet, which is located at the very end of said outlet.
  • the wording "which forces the magnetic or non-magnetic particles" is understood in a way that the above mentioned forces, i.e. current, gravity and/or magnetic forces in addition to the design and dimensions of the canal and the corresponding outlets, outlet openings and means according to the present invention act on the above mentioned particles in a way that their direction is amended as desired.
  • the at least one second means (12) is located at the at least one first outlet (5) nearby the outlet opening (5) for treating the hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates with a hydrophobic liquid to start desagglomeration of these agglomerates.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one second means (12) is located at the at least one first outlet (5) nearby the outlet opening (5) for treating hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates with a hydrophobic liquid.
  • the at least one hydrophobic magnetic agglomerate is at least one agglomerate of at least one hydrophobic magnetic particle and at least one first hydrophobic material, preferably at least one valuable of an ore that is hydrophobic or treated to be hydrophobic
  • the at least one hydrophilic non-magnetic particle is at least one second material, preferably at least one gangue of said ore.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one magnetic agglomerate is at least one agglomerate of at least one hydrophobic or hydrophobised magnetic particle and at least one first hydrophobic or hydrophobised material, preferably at least one valuable of an ore, and the at least one hydrophilic non-magnetic particle is at least one second material, preferably at least one gangue of said ore.
  • the at least one first means (11) is located at the at least one first outlet (5) nearby the at least one second outlet (6) for treating hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates with a hydrophilic liquid to move the at least one second hydrophilic material to the at least one second outlet (6).
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates according to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one first means (11) is located at the at least one first outlet (5) nearby the at least one second outlet (6) for treating hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates with a hydrophilic liquid to move the at least one second hydrophilic material to the at least one second outlet (6).
  • the at least one second means (12) is located nearby the at least one first outlet (5) for treating the at least one hydrophobic agglomerate with a hydrophobic liquid to separate this at least one hydrophobic agglomerate into at least one first hydrophobic material and at least one hydrophobic magnetic particle to start the desagglomeration of those hydrophobic agglomerates and move them to the at least one first outlet (5).
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one second means (12) is located at the at least one first outlet (5) nearby the outlet opening (5) for treating the at least one hydrophobic agglomerate with a hydrophobic liquid to start the separation of this at least one hydrophobic agglomerate into at least one first hydrophobic material and at least one hydrophobic magnetic particle and move them to the at least one first outlet (5).
  • the addition of the at least one hydrophobic liquid can be conducted immediately or later after the magnetic separation of hydrophobic agglomerates of values and magnetic carrier particles from nonmagnetic constituents.
  • the addition in the apparatus according to the present invention can be conducted in a way that intensive dispersion is obtained.
  • further means, for example stirring containers, are essentially not necessary anymore. If the addition of the hydrophobic liquid is conducted using an intensive dispersion, further dispersion in separate means can be avoided and the whole process can be conducted in a more economical way.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to an apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one second means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophobic liquid is located at the at least one first outlet nearby the outlet opening.
  • the at least one first means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophilic liquid is located at the at the at least one first outlet and near by the at least one second outlet, that is preferably used to remove the hydrophilic non-magnetic material, being preferably the at least one second material, from the dispersion.
  • the treatment with at least one hydrophilic liquid at this point of the apparatus is conducted to flush the stream of hydrophobic magnetic constituents from hydrophilic non-magnetic material and to move this non-magnetic material into the at least one second outlet. This has to be done by hydrophilic liquid to keep the hydrophobic agglomerates of values and magnetic carrier particles together.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to an apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one first means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophilic liquid is located at the at least one first outlet and near by the at least one second outlet followed by at least one second means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophobic liquid located at the least first outlet nearby the outlet opening of the at least first outlet.
  • the hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates shall not be separated, i. e. not to be removed through the at least one first outlet, before the hydrophilic non-magnetic parts are separated, i. e. are removed through the at least one second outlet.
  • This can be achieved by a further preferred embodiment of this first embodiment, wherein another first means for treating the dispersion or at least part of the dispersion with at least one hydrophilic liquid is present to create intensive dispersion, i.e.
  • a nozzle to get higher shear forces to separate hydrophilic nonmagnetic particles from hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates, preferably between the means for treating the dispersion or at least part of the dispersion with at least one hydrophilic liquid and the means for treating the dispersion or at least part of the dispersion with at least one hydrophobic liquid.
  • the at least one second means (12) is located at the at least one first outlet (5) nearby the at least one second outlet (6) for treating the at least one hydrophobic magnetic particle with a hydrophobic liquid to move nonmagnetic first hydrophobic material, which is hold within the bulk of hydrophobic magnetic particles, to the at least one second outlet (6).
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one second means (12) is located at the at least one first outlet (5) nearby the at least one second outlet (6) for treating the at least one hydrophobic magnetic particle with a hydrophobic liquid to move nonmagnetic hydrophobic first material, which is hold within the bulk of hydrophobic magnetic particles, to the at least one second outlet (6).
  • the at least one first means (11) is located at the least one first outlet (5) nearby the outlet opening of the at least one first outlet (5) for treating the at least one hydrophobic magnetic particle with a hydrophilic liquid to recycle it to the hydrophilic environment of the process and move it to the at least one first outlet (5).
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one first means (11) is located at the least one first outlet (5) nearby the outlet opening of the at least one first outlet (5) for treating at least one magnetic particle with a hydrophilic liquid to recycle it to the hydrophilic environment of the process and move it to the at least one first outlet (5).
  • the at least one means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophilic liquid is preferably located at the at least one first outlet nearby the outlet opening, which is used to separate the magnetic particles.
  • the hydrophilic liquid is preferably water.
  • the separated magnetic fraction can be transported with water in order to avoid that hydrophobic liquid is transported with the magnetic particles. If hydrophobic liquid is transported with the magnetic particles the further process with agglomeration of the recycled hydrophobic magnetic particles and the hydrophobic values would be disturbed.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to an apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophilic liquid is located at the end of the at least one first outlet, further preferably the at least one first means is located nearer to the end of the at least one first outlet than a at least one second means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophobic liquid that is preferably also present near the at least one second outlet.
  • the at least one means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophobic liquid is located at the at least one first outlet near by the at least one second outlet, that is preferably used to remove the hydrophobic non-magnetic material, being preferably the at least one first hydrophobic material in this second embodiment, from the dispersion.
  • the magnetic particles are hydrophobic magnetic particles themselves, for example magnetite that is treated to be hydrophobic
  • the addition of a hydrophilic liquid shall be avoided in order not to achieve hydrophobic connected agglomerates of the hydrophobic magnetic particles and the hydrophobic values in a hydrophilic environment. Therefore, flushing of the magnetic particles should preferably be conducted with a hydrophobic liquid at this point of the apparatus according to this second embodiment.
  • the hydrophobic liquid is an aqueous solution of at least one surfactant.
  • a second means for treating the dispersion or at least part of the dispersion with at least one hydrophobic liquid is present to flush the hydrophobic magnetic particles at high intensity to free included nonmagnetic hydrophobic first material out of the bulk i.e. by using a nozzle, preferably between the means for treating the dispersion or at least part of the dispersion with at least one hydrophobic liquid and the means for treating the dispersion or at least part of the dispersion with at least one hydrophilic liquid.
  • This intensive flushing has to be done by hydrophobic liquid to avoid, that hydrophobic agglomerates are built, like done in hydrophilic liquids.
  • the second hydrophobic liquid is an aqueous solution of at least one surfactant, too.
  • the at least one first or second means to treat the dispersion or part of the dispersion with hydrophobic or hydrophilic liquids are preferably a high intensity dispersing unit, preferably with entrance velocities from 0.5 to 10 m/s, more preferably 1 to 5 m/s, most preferably 2 to 4 m/s.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one first or second means to treat the dispersion or part of the dispersion with hydrophobic or hydrophilic liquids are preferably a high intensity dispersing unit, preferably with entrance velocities from 0.5 to 10 m/s, preferably 1 to 5 m/s, most preferably 2 to 4 m/s.
  • the at least one first or second means to treat the dispersion or part of the dispersion with hydrophobic or hydrophilic liquids are preferably a high intensity dispersing unit, preferably with entrance velocities from 0.5 to 10 m/s, preferably 1 to 5 m/s, most preferably 2 to 4 m/s.
  • the at least one of the at least one first or second means to treat the dispersion or part of the dispersion, preferably the magnetic fraction, with hydrophilic or hydrophobic liquids is created, preferably designed, in any way to get a flow that is arranged with an angle of 30 to 150°, preferably 90°, to the flow in the canal, preferably the main axis of the at least one of the at least one first or second means to treat the dispersion or part of the dispersion, preferably the magnetic fraction, with hydrophilic or hydrophobic liquids is arranged with an angle of 30 to 150°, preferably 90°, to the main axis of the canal, wherein the main axis of the canal corresponds to a circular arc according to the form of the canal.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one of the at least one first or second means to treat the magnetic fraction with hydrophilic or hydrophobic liquid is created in any way to get a flow that is arranged with an angle of 30 to 150°, preferably 90°, to the flow in the canal, more preferably in the apparatus according to the present invention the main axis of the at least one of the at least one first or second means to treat the dispersion or part of the dispersion, preferably the magnetic fraction, with hydrophilic or hydrophobic liquids is arranged with an angle of 30 to 150°, preferably 90°, to the main axis of the canal.
  • the apparatus of the invention comprises at least one loop-like canal forming 90 top 350° of a circular arc through which the dispersion flows having at least two outlets.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention further has at least one inlet.
  • the wording "canal” describes the body structure of the apparatus.
  • the wording "canal” describes an apparatus, which is, in its easiest embodiment, formed by a tube, e. g. the canal according to the invention has a length that is larger than the breadth or diameter of the canal.
  • the cross-section of the canal can have any suitable shape, for example oval, annular, circular, square, rectangular, irregular or a combination of these shapes, preferably square or rectangular.
  • the loop-like canal forming 90 to 350° of a circular arc according to the invention is designed to be able to separate magnetic constituents from nonmagnetic constituents in laboratory or industrial scale, preferably industrial scale.
  • an assembly of canals is defined as a reactor and can have an exemplary volume flow through the reactor of at least 350 m 3 /h, preferably at least 700 m 3 /h, particularly preferably at least 1000 m 3 /h.
  • the canal is formed loop-like and forms 90 to 350° of a circular arc.
  • loop-like describes a canal, which, in a simple embodiment, is formed like a loop.
  • the loop-like canal forms 90 to 350° of a circular arc, for example at least 120°, more preferably at least 180°, in particular at least 270°, of a circular arc.
  • the loop-like canal according to the present invention forms up to 350° of a circular arc which means that the canal does not cross itself or returns into itself.
  • the at least first inlet is present at one end of the loop-like canal and the at least one first outlet is present at the other end of the loop-like canal, and the at least one second outlet is present between the at least one inlet and the at least one first outlet.
  • the diameter of the loop that is constituted by the loop-like canal can be of any suitable size, for example 0.5 to 5 m, preferably 0.8 to 3.5 m, particularly preferably 1.2 to 2.5 m.
  • a length of the loop-like canal, specifically a length of magnetic separation is for example 1.25 to 12.5 m, preferably 2 to 9 m, particularly preferably 3 to 6 m.
  • the loop-like canal forming 90 to 350° of a circular arc through which the dispersion flows has at least one inlet and at least two outlets.
  • the loop-like canal forming 90 to 350° of a circular arc through which the dispersion flows has one first inlet through which the dispersion comprising magnetic and nonmagnetic constituents is introduced into the canal, and two outlets. Through the first of these outlets the magnetic constituents are removed from the canal. Through the second of these outlets the nonmagnetic constituents are removed from the canal. Through one second inlet the flushing liquid is brought to the current of magnetic constituents to rearrange them and to free the stored nonmagnetic constituents therein. According to the present invention, further inlets and/or outlets may be present.
  • the present invention preferably relates to an apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the magnetic particles are forced through at least one first outlet by the magnetic field of the at least one magnet, and the non-magnetic particles are forced through at least one second outlet by the current of the dispersion.
  • Inlets and outlets that are present in the canal of the present invention can be realized according to all embodiments known to the skilled artisan, for example tubings in suitable sizes, for example equipped with pumps, valves, means for controlling and adjusting etc.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention further comprises at least one magnet that is movable alongside the canal.
  • the at least one magnet may be installed in a movable fashion alongside the outside or alongside the inside, preferably alongside the outside, of the loop-like canal.
  • the present invention preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the at least one magnet is installed in a movable fashion alongside the outside of the loop-like canal.
  • This preferred embodiment serves to move the at least one magnet in the longitudinal direction of the loop-like canal in order to separate the magnetic constituents from the nonmagnetic constituents.
  • the at least one movable magnet With the at least one movable magnet the magnetic constituents which are attracted by the magnetic field are likewise moved in the corresponding direction, being the at least one first outlet.
  • the apparatus of the invention can be operated by the at least one magnet or the magnetic field produced and the preferably aqueous dispersion to be separated moving in the same direction.
  • the reactor is operated in concurrent. This embodiment is preferred.
  • the at least one magnet or the magnetic field produced move in the opposite direction to the preferably aqueous dispersion to be separated.
  • the apparatus of the invention is operated in countercurrent.
  • the present invention therefore relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the flow of the dispersion and the moving direction of the at least one magnet are concurrent.
  • a flow velocity of the aqueous dispersion to be treated of for example ⁇ 200 mm/s, preferably ⁇ 400 mm/s, particularly preferably ⁇ 600 mm/s.
  • the magnets used according to the invention can be any magnets known to those skilled in the art, for example permanent magnets, electromagnets and combinations thereof.
  • Low intensity permanent magnets are preferred, because the amount of energy that is consumed by the apparatus according to the invention can be decreased essentially, compared to the use of electro magnets. With this preferred embodiment a particular energy saving apparatus and process are obtained.
  • the at least one magnet is installed in any possible way known to the skilled artisan at the loop-like canal as long as it is movable alongside the canal, for example by a conveyor belt, by a drum as holder for the at least one magnet or other rotatable constructions to hold the at least one magnet.
  • the at least one magnet is attached to and moved by a drum.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to the apparatus according to the invention, wherein the at least one magnet is moved during operation by a drum.
  • a multiplicity of magnets is arranged around the loop-like canal.
  • the number of magnets depends on the size of the single magnets and on the size of the loop-like canal.
  • An exemplary number of magnets that are arranged around the loop-like canal is 40, preferably 60.
  • the polarities of the magnets that are preferably arranged around the loop-like canal can be adjusted in any possible way. For example, all polarities of the magnets can be adjusted in the same direction. According to another embodiment, the polarities of the magnets are adjusted alternately. In a preferred embodiment the magnets are adjusted with an alternating sequence of, for example, each 3 magnets with same direction of polarity followed by, for example, one magnet with alternated polarity.
  • the at least one magnet and the loop-like canal are arranged in a way that the gap between the outside wall of the canal and the at least one magnet is suitable to obtain an advantageous magnetic field at a location inside the canal where the magnetic constituents shall be collected, preferably at the inside of the outside wall of the canal.
  • An exemplary gap between the outside wall of the canal and the at least one magnet is minimized to less than 2 mm to use maximum force of the at least one magnet.
  • the distance over that the magnetic forces act to the magnetic constituents is limited by the behaviour of the at least one magnet.
  • An exemplary distance that determines the height of the canal, using low intensity standard magnets could be 80 mm, preferably 60 mm, very particularly preferable 40 mm. Therefore the height of the canal could be in a range of 20 to 100 mm, preferable 40 to 80 mm, for example 65 mm.
  • the apparatus of the invention may have any further configuration.
  • the preferably aqueous dispersion to be separated has sufficient contact with the at least one magnet installed on the outside of the reactor space or the magnetic field produced by this at least one magnet.
  • the apparatus itself and/or the loop-like canal, according to the invention can in principle be arranged in any orientation which appears suitable to a person skilled in the art and allows a sufficiently high separating power of the process of the invention.
  • the tubular reactor is arranged relative to gravity in a way that nonmagnetic constituents are assisted to go into the at least one second outlet by sedimentation and by the current of the dispersion and magnetic constituents are forced into at least one first outlet by magnetic force against a current of flushing liquid.
  • the apparatus and/or the loop-like canal according to the present invention are arranged vertically.
  • a "vertical arrangement" means that the loop-like canal is arranged in a way that dispersion, which is flowing through the loop-like canal, flows up and down, i. e. vertically, but essentially not from one side to another side, i. e. horizontally.
  • the individual streams in the apparatus of the invention can be conveyed by gravity and/or by means of the apparatuses known to those skilled in the art, for example pumps.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to the apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the current of the dispersion is accomplished by at least one pump.
  • the loop-like canal is arranged relative to gravity in a way that nonmagnetic constituents are assisted to go into the at least one second outlet by sedimentation and by the current of the dispersion and magnetic constituents are forced into at least one first outlet by magnetic force can be accomplished by all provisions known to the skilled artisan.
  • the loop-like canal is placed in a way that the closed end of the loop is pointing up, whereas the open end of the loop is pointing down.
  • the at least one inlet and the at least two outlets are present at the open end of the loop.
  • the loop-like canal is arranged vertically with the open end of the loop at the bottom.
  • the open end of the loop is rotated laterally along its perpendicular, preferably in radial direction, by 1 to 90°, preferably 30 to 60°. This rotation is preferably accomplished into the direction giving rise to the at least two outlets in a way that sedimented non-magnetic constituents are going from the wall, where they are sedimented, directly to the at least one second outlet.
  • a single apparatus as explained above can be used in order to separate magnetic constituents from a dispersion comprising magnetic constituents and nonmagnetic constituents.
  • more than one apparatus according to the present invention can be arranged and operated in parallel. This means that the dispersion to be separated is flowing through more than one canal according to the invention at the same time. In a preferred embodiment at least two canals are arranged and operated in parallel.
  • the present invention therefore preferably relates to an apparatus according to the present invention, wherein at least two canals are arranged and operated in parallel.
  • at least 30, particularly preferably 100, further preferably at least 200, canals according to the invention are arranged and operated in parallel.
  • a person having ordinary skill in the art does know how these canals are connected, in order to have them arranged and operated in parallel.
  • all at least two outlets of all canals present are connected in each case to give at least two common outlets.
  • all at least two inlets of all apparatuses present are connected in each case to give at least two common inlets. The skilled artisan knows how these connections shall be accomplished. For example, in order to have comparable pressure at all locations in the apparatus formed by more than one canal according to the invention, the diameter of common inlets and/or outlets can be adjusted.
  • the magnetic constituents present in the dispersion accumulate at least in part, preferably in their entirety, i.e. in a proportion of at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, particularly preferably at least 99% by weight, on the side of the loop-like canal facing the at least one magnet as a result of the magnetic field.
  • a means for treating the dispersion or at least a part of the dispersion can in general be provided in any way that is known to the skilled artisan, for example a valve, an orifice, a nozzle or only a tube.
  • the means for treating the dispersion or at least a part of the dispersion are provided in a way that a flushing stream of hydrophobic or hydrophilic liquid is created that preferably rearranges the magnetic constituents to free the nonmagnetic particles within.
  • an outlet can in general be provided in any way that is known to the skilled artisan, for example as a simple junction in the loop-like canal.
  • the diameter of the outlet can be greater, smaller or identical to the diameter of the loop-like canal.
  • the apparatus may further have means that are known to the skilled artisan to be necessary to operate such an apparatus, like tubing, motors, pumps, electrical equipment, valves and means for controlling and adjusting.
  • the present invention further relates to a process for the separation of at least one magnetic particle from a dispersion comprising this at least one magnetic particle and at least one non-magnetic particle in an apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to the process according to the present invention, wherein the hydrophobic liquid that is used is recycled into the process after separation from solid contents.
  • the present invention further relates to the use of the apparatus according to the present invention for separating magnetic particles from a dispersion comprising these magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles.
  • the present invention relates to the use according to the present invention, wherein the magnetic particles are magnetic particles themselves or agglomerates of magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles.
  • Figure 1 shows the principal of an apparatus according to the present invention, wherein hydrophobic magnetic agglomerates are separated from non-magnetic hydrophilic particles according to the preferred first embodiment.
  • Figure 2 shows the principal of an apparatus according to the present invention, wherein hydrophobic magnetic particles are separated from non-magnetic hydrophobic particles according to the preferred second embodiment.
  • Both figures 1 and 2 show the parts of the apparatus according to the present invention, where means and outlets are located, wherein the entries where the magnetic fraction is introduced (10) and outlets (5) shall be prolonged to form at least 90° and at most 350° of a circular arc.
  • the references in figures 1 and 2 have the following meanings:

Landscapes

  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Appareil pour séparer des particules magnétiques (1, 2) à partir d'une dispersion comprenant ces particules magnétiques et des particules non magnétiques, comprenant au moins un canal en forme de boucle formant de 90 à 350° d'un arc circulaire à travers lequel la dispersion s'écoule, au moins un aimant (13) qui est mobile le long du canal et qui force les particules magnétiques (1, 2) dans au moins une première sortie (5), et au moins une seconde sortie (6) à travers laquelle les particules non magnétiques sont forcées,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'appareil comprend en outre au moins un premier moyen (11) pour traiter la dispersion ou une partie de la dispersion avec un liquide hydrophile et au moins un second moyen (12) pour traiter la dispersion ou une partie de la dispersion avec un liquide hydrophobe.
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'au moins un premier moyen (11) est situé au niveau de l'au moins une première sortie (5) à une distance d'1 à 10 fois la largeur du canal par rapport à l'au moins une seconde sortie (6) pour traiter des particules magnétiques (1, 2) avec un liquide hydrophile pour déplacer des particules non magnétiques, qui sont retenues à l'intérieur du volume de particules magnétiques, ver l'au moins une seconde sortie (6).
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'au moins un second moyen (12) est situé au niveau de l'au moins une première sortie (5) à une distance d'1 à 10 fois la largeur du canal par rapport à une ouverture de sortie de l'au moins une première sortie (5) pour traiter des particules magnétiques avec un liquide hydrophobe.
  4. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'au moins un premier moyen (11) est situé au niveau de l'au moins une première sortie (5) pour traiter des particules magnétiques avec un liquide hydrophile pour déplacer l'au moins une particule non magnétique en tant qu'au moins un second matériau vers l'au moins une seconde sortie (6).
  5. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'au moins un second moyen (12) est situé au niveau de l'au moins une première sortie (5) pour traiter au moins un agglomérat d'au moins une particule magnétique et d'au moins un premier matériau avec un liquide hydrophobe pour séparer cet au moins un agglomérat en au moins un premier matériau et au moins une particule magnétique et les déplacer vers l'au moins une première sortie (5).
  6. Appareil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'au moins un second moyen (12) est situé au niveau de l'au moins une première sortie (5) à une distance d'1 à 10 fois la largeur du canal par rapport à l'au moins une seconde sortie (6) pour traiter l'au moins une particule magnétique avec un liquide hydrophobe pour déplacer le premier matériau non magnétique, qui est retenu à l'intérieur du volume de particules magnétiques, vers l'au moins une seconde sortie (6).
  7. Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 6, dans lequel l'au moins un premier moyen (11) est situé au niveau de l'au moins une première sortie (5) à une distance d'1 à 10 fois la largeur du canal par rapport à une ouverture de sortie de l'au moins une première sortie (5) pour traiter au moins une particule magnétique avec un liquide hydrophile pour la déplacer vers l'au moins une première sortie (5).
  8. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel l'au moins un premier (11) ou second moyen (12) pour traiter la dispersion ou une partie de la dispersion avec des liquides hydrophobes ou hydrophiles est une unité de dispersion à haute intensité, de préférence avec des vitesses d'entrée de 0,5 à 10 m/s, mieux encore d'1 à 5 m/s, idéalement de 2 à 4 m/s.
  9. Procédé pour la séparation d'au moins une particule magnétique à partir d'une dispersion comprenant cette au moins une particule magnétique et au moins une particule non magnétique dans un appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, dans lequel l'au moins une particule magnétique est au moins un agglomérat d'au moins une particule magnétique et d'au moins un premier matériau, de préférence au moins un élément de valeur d'un minerai, et l'au moins une particule non magnétique est au moins un second matériau, de préférence au moins une gangue dudit minerai.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 et 10, dans lequel un liquide hydrophobe est utilisé pour traiter la dispersion ou une partie de la dispersion et est recyclé dans le procédé après la séparation à partir de contenus solides.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, dans lequel au moins une particule magnétique est séparée d'une dispersion comprenant cette au moins une particule magnétique et au moins une particule non magnétique.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 13, dans lequel l'au moins une particule magnétique est au moins une particule magnétique elle-même ou au moins un agglomérat d'au moins une particule magnétique et d'au moins une particule non magnétique.
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 13, dans lequel au moins un de l'au moins un premier (11) ou second moyen (12) pour traiter la dispersion ou une partie de la dispersion, de préférence la fraction magnétique, avec un liquide hydrophile ou hydrophobe est créé d'une quelconque manière pour obtenir un écoulement qui est agencé avec un angle de 30 à 150°, de préférence 90°, par rapport à l'écoulement dans le canal.
EP13723724.4A 2012-05-09 2013-05-08 Appareil de séparation de particules magnétiques à ressource écologique à partir de particules non magnétiques Active EP2846920B1 (fr)

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EP12167293 2012-05-09
EP13723724.4A EP2846920B1 (fr) 2012-05-09 2013-05-08 Appareil de séparation de particules magnétiques à ressource écologique à partir de particules non magnétiques
PCT/EP2013/059550 WO2013167634A1 (fr) 2012-05-09 2013-05-08 Appareil permettant de séparer dans le respect de la ressource des particules magnétiques de particules non magnétiques

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AU (1) AU2013258104A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112014027739A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2870501A1 (fr)
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EA (1) EA201492013A1 (fr)
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AR090997A1 (es) 2014-12-30
BR112014027739A2 (pt) 2017-06-27
MX2014013630A (es) 2015-06-17
EP2846920A1 (fr) 2015-03-18
CN104284731A (zh) 2015-01-14
EA201492013A1 (ru) 2015-04-30
CA2870501A1 (fr) 2013-11-14
KR20150013252A (ko) 2015-02-04
ZA201408952B (en) 2016-09-28
CN104284731B (zh) 2017-09-15
CL2014002865A1 (es) 2014-12-26
WO2013167634A1 (fr) 2013-11-14
PE20142378A1 (es) 2015-01-29
JP2015520670A (ja) 2015-07-23
AU2013258104A1 (en) 2014-11-13

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