EP2872374A2 - Surveillance d'un tronçon de chemin de fer - Google Patents

Surveillance d'un tronçon de chemin de fer

Info

Publication number
EP2872374A2
EP2872374A2 EP13756085.0A EP13756085A EP2872374A2 EP 2872374 A2 EP2872374 A2 EP 2872374A2 EP 13756085 A EP13756085 A EP 13756085A EP 2872374 A2 EP2872374 A2 EP 2872374A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
recording
rail vehicle
incident
railway
recordings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13756085.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Bocionek
Marc Burkhardt
Wilfried Matthee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2872374A2 publication Critical patent/EP2872374A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • H04N7/181—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a plurality of remote sources
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
    • B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
    • B61L23/041—Obstacle detection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
    • B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/50—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades
    • B61L27/53—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades for trackside elements or systems, e.g. trackside supervision of trackside control system conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring a railway line. Furthermore, a corresponding rail vehicle and a system for monitoring the railway line are proposed. Vandalism of equipment along the railway line or theft of cables and other components can cause significant damage and disruption of driving. Here it is disadvantageous that systematic or even complete or area-wide monitoring is complex and expensive.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the overall above named drawbacks and in particular to provide an effi cient ⁇ approach to the monitoring of devices or components along a railway line.
  • the at least one recording in the rail ⁇ vehicle and / or stored in a central office may stretch and / or be made of the (immediate) vicinity of the railway line to frequently traveled routes a (teilwei ⁇ se or completely) continuous monitoring of the web ⁇ .
  • the acquired data can be locally stored in the rail vehicle and / or transmitted to a central office and stored there.
  • the center is exemplified by a computing ⁇ ner or a computer network (which can also be arranged distributed).
  • the control center can be operated by an operator of the railway network or by a service provider.
  • the manual evaluation can be carried out by different operator ⁇ personal monitoring monitors of the control center.
  • a partially automatic evaluation is also possible in which significant image contents are automatically recognized in a first evaluation in the images on the basis of specific features or feature vectors which are automatically obtained from the images.
  • a comparison with features or feature vectors of previously recorded images can also be used to detect special features.
  • a preselection of the images can take place and in a subsequent step, a manual analysis of the significantly reduced image material can take place.
  • the at least one recording is analyzed for a given incident.
  • One embodiment is that the at least one recording is analyzed shortly after storage or after detection of the incident.
  • the recording can be archived and analyzed only in the case of suspicion, eg in the context of a police investigation.
  • a predetermined action is performed upon detection of pre ⁇ given incident.
  • the predetermined action comprises at least one of the following options - an assessment of a recording or a scene
  • deviations from a "normal" state can be automatically detected by means of image processing algorithms. Such a deviation can trigger a pre ⁇ passed action directly.
  • the at least one recording is stored with time information and / or with position information. Based on the position information and / or the time information, the location of an incident can be determined.
  • This Ortsinfor ⁇ mation is for the introduction of the given action is advantageous.
  • a plurality of receiving units is arranged in or on the rail vehicle.
  • the receiving units may be carried out at least partially movable so that they are moved during the recording and running of the rail vehicle with a pre-set speed ⁇ so that a predefined area is possible ner well received.
  • a camera with a wide-angle lens can be moved counter to the direction of travel of the rail vehicle in order to be able to record an area as long as possible.
  • the control of the recording units can be done via the rail vehicle (or a computer or a control unit of the rail vehicle) and / or via the center.
  • a next development is that the receiving ⁇ unit at the front, the rear or on one side of the rail vehicle is arranged.
  • the receiving unit Minim ⁇ least comprises one of the following components:
  • a sensor for determining a relative path progress a sensor for determining a relative path progress.
  • the receiving unit can be designed sensitively in certain wave lengths ⁇ .
  • a lighting unit may be provided which illuminates a landmark along the railway line with a light in a predetermined wavelength range, so that a picture can be taken by a sensitive in this Wellenlän ⁇ gene region acquisition unit.
  • the up ⁇ acquisition includes an image pickup, in particular frames or Be ⁇ wegt plaster and / or a sound recording.
  • the recording unit has a wide-angle lens, in particular a fish eye.
  • a next embodiment is that the at least one recording is transformed.
  • the transformation makes it possible to at least partially compensate for distorted recordings, for example due to the optics of a lens and / or due to the speed of the train. Sieren and so a substantially undistorted image to preserver ⁇ th.
  • the at least one recording would be transmitted from the rail vehicle to the center by means of a wireless or a wired interface and / or by means of a storage medium.
  • a further development is that the at least one receiving means of a progressive compression algorithm is stored in the rail vehicle and the difference ⁇ comprehensive quality levels of progressively encoded recording for transmission to the central unit are provided.
  • a progressive compression algorithm encodes images or image sequences (videos) eg in different "levels", the higher the bitrate or resolution, the higher the level.
  • a basic level ensures a minimum quality of the images or image sequences, the higher levels improve this minimum quality step by step, for example, up to the full resolution of the recording.
  • the Rechenholz ⁇ wall for an automated processing of the data (eg as part of an image recognition) is simplified and is therefore faster (ie, if necessary, in real time or almost in real time) can be carried out, if the recordings have only a low resolution.
  • Displays the automated processing of a potential incident can be analyzed with ei ⁇ ner higher resolution again the recording concerned.
  • JPEG 2000, MPEG-4, H.264 can be used as the coding method (compression method).
  • An additional embodiment is that the at least one image is analyzed for the given event by comparing the image with previously stored data.
  • a comparison between parts of an image can be carried out in order to find a measure of how similar a recording is with a picture taken before ⁇ .
  • a degree of similarity eg a distance between feature vectors
  • a threshold value may be used to determine whether there is sufficient similarity of an image, a sequence of images or a subject with previously stored data.
  • the previously stored data can be training data and / or additional data, eg work schedules of work crews. These additional data can be provided automatically and thus taken into account in the analysis. Since advance is usually regulated exactly where and when a working column along the railway line is active can be automatically prevented from being recognized purely vi ⁇ coamings deviation caused by working column as incident that leads to an alarm.
  • Another embodiment is that the incident is detected if the at least one recording deviates from the previously pick ⁇ stored data.
  • An alternative embodiment is that the pre ⁇ case is detected if the at least one recording of the previously stored data does not differ.
  • the training run can be carried out specifically for detecting the route sections and for storing parts of the route sections or of facilities or components along the railway line.
  • the training trip can also be part of a scheduled journey of a rail vehicle; In particular, the previously stored data can be updated, adapted or checked in this way.
  • a further development is that the images are processed by at least one feature vector is determined for predetermined components or devices along the railway line and the at least one feature vector is vomit ⁇ chert. It is also a development that a plurality of training trips is performed and the previously stored data is averaged and / or adapted by means of the training trips.
  • a "normal" ride is at least partially used as a training ride, e.g. the feature vector determined from the recording is used for averaging or adaptation of the stored data.
  • the previously stored data may comprise a plurality of images of an environment.
  • an environment can be detected in different weather conditions or other variations that are considered "normal” (e.g., grazing cows).
  • the receiving unit is caused by the center to take a picture of the railway track or along the Brustre ⁇ bridge at certain positions.
  • the recording unit possibly via a computer that controls the recording unit, be prompted by the center to deliver recordings of a particular stretch of road. It may be possible as also controlled in terms of resolution, image quality, aperture, etc. of the centering ⁇ rale the recording unit in its position or orientation (if the receiving unit is configured, for example, mobile) to do so.
  • One motivation for this may be that a previous rail vehicle supplied by a Streckenab ⁇ cut shots that need further clarification.
  • the control panel can cause then that a next rail vehicle makes on this section ge ⁇ aimed shots of the environment of interest.
  • the central control unit the Texas Instruments, etc.
  • the above object is further achieved by means of a device for monitoring a railway line, with at least one processing unit which is set up such that
  • the at least one recording is storable.
  • the device is provided with at least one surveillance monitor, on which the signal received by the rail vehicle at least one on ⁇ acquisition is displayed, wherein the at least one supervision monitor for continuous monitoring by personnel.
  • the object is achieved by means of a system comprising at least one rail vehicle and a device (control center),
  • the solution presented here further comprises a computer program product which can be loaded directly into a memory of a digital computer, comprising program code parts which are suitable for performing steps of the method described here. Furthermore, the above problem is solved by means of a computer-readable storage medium, e.g. any memory comprising computer-executable instructions (e.g., in the form of program code) adapted for the computer to perform steps of the method described herein.
  • a computer-readable storage medium e.g. any memory comprising computer-executable instructions (e.g., in the form of program code) adapted for the computer to perform steps of the method described herein.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary schematic flowchart of a
  • Training as it is eg in the context of a training trip of a rail vehicle for creating Trainingsda ⁇ th, in particular feature vectors performed.
  • a rail vehicle with at least one recording device , for example a video or photo camera.
  • a recording device for example a video or photo camera.
  • the recording device may be a video camera.
  • a wide-angle lens may be provided (eg a so-called fish eye with an angle of view of approximately 180 degrees).
  • Such a recording device can eg be attached to the rail vehicle at the front and / or laterally .
  • distorted images can be electro- machined , eg by means of a suitable transponder (possibly matching the respective lens of the camera). Formation into an undistorted (or slightly distorted) (widescreen) format.
  • the recorder to record in the infrared range.
  • this is attached to the rail vehicle thermal imaging camera ⁇ .
  • a so-called depth image camera can be provided as a recording device, the chert the environment not only as saudimensio ⁇ dimensional image but as a three-dimensional depth image spei ⁇ . This makes it possible to put a virtual corridor around the train, so that objects that are outside this corridor can be hidden.
  • Such a filtered depth image information may then be processed either as three-dimensional or two-dimensional data further ⁇ .
  • the images (pictures, movies, image ⁇ or movies, etc.) (for example ceutical a supervision and archiving center) to a central transfer.
  • the transmission can take place, for example, wirelessly via a radio interface, in particular via a mobile (tele) communication interface (eg 2G, 3G, LTE, etc.) during the journey of the rail vehicle or at predetermined times (eg at a stop or intermediate stop).
  • the transmission can alternatively or additionally be carried out by wire or by means of (preferably exchangeable) storage media (memory cards, hard disks, etc.).
  • differing ⁇ che resolutions can be transmitted in different ways: for example, may footage in low resolution via a mobile radio interface while driving the rail running ⁇ zeugs transmitted to the center and images are stored in high resolution on a local hard drive of the rail vehicle. Should issue forth ⁇ that the low resolution is not sufficient or a higher resolution for example, a section of the drive loading for a specific scene is required, this scene can be read from the hard disk and transmitted in high resolution to the central office (via a wireless or wired interface). At the headquarters, a manual, automatic or at least ⁇ automated analysis of the incoming or stored data can be performed.
  • Such evaluation may include a check as to whether the obtained Schemeda ⁇ th are "normal", that is, to move within the normal, or whether carried out, for example, a theft, a BeCdi ⁇ supply is present and / or an offense is carried out, or such an initiative.
  • reference recordings along the railway track can be taken and stored with the recording device.
  • a computer in the rail vehicle and / or at the headquarters
  • Threshold a deviation can be detected automatically and, if necessary, a predetermined action can be initiated automatically. For example, a detailed examination or a re-examination with images of a below this leg pas ⁇ -stabilizing rail vehicle can be carried out as a result of the detected from ⁇ deviation. Hidden Markov models and corresponding algorithms can be used for this purpose.
  • Fig.l shows an exemplary scenario with a rail ⁇ vehicle 101, which moves in the direction of travel 102 along a railway line.
  • the rail vehicle 101 includes a
  • Computer 103 (eg an OBU, a control unit, or the like), which receives data from exemplary recording units 105, 106, 108 and / or 109.
  • the receiving units 105, 106, 108, 109, 101 may be arranged at any location of the rail vehicle and on the railway line or aligned the environment of the Brustre ⁇ bridge forward, backward or to the side.
  • the receiving units 105, 106, 108, 109 may be movable, e.g. can be changed via the computer 103, the alignment of the recording unit 105, 106, 108, 109. Furthermore, it is possible that additionally or alternatively further parameters of the recording units 105, 106, 108, 109 are adjustable, e.g. a maximum resolution, a number of captured images per unit time, a brightness, a selectable optics, an infrared mode, etc.
  • the computer 103 can prepare such recordings, for example, create scenes and / or determine feature vectors based on the recordings or the scenes and compare them with previously recorded scenes and / or feature vectors. For this purpose, the computer 103 can locally access a database 104, store there recordings or feature vectors or read out existing data there for comparison. Additionally features the rail vehicle 101 via at least one way of determining position (not shown in Fig.l), so that with the taken shots, a (relative or absolute) Posi ⁇ tion can be determined.
  • the rail vehicle 101 has a communication interface ⁇ center 107, for example in the form of a radio module or mobile communi ⁇ nikations worn, on which a connection to a wireless network 110 manufacturers can be set via a radio interface 111th Such a connection may continue via a wireless or wired interface 112 to a central office 113 (eg, a computer, a network of computers, or a computer network), such that between the central office
  • a central office 113 eg, a computer, a network of computers, or a computer network
  • the center 113 and the rail vehicle 101 data can be exchanged.
  • the center 113 may be distributed or centralized and have a plurality of computers and / or data storage.
  • here is a database
  • the database 114 stores e.g. the feature vectors of training trips in the form of a table or database or in the form of a route map.
  • the central unit 113 can provide monitoring monitors 115 for manual processing or for evaluating the transmitted recordings.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary schematic flow diagram with steps of the method for monitoring a railway line presented here.
  • a step 201 takes place by means of the recording unit at least one shot of the track ⁇ track or along the railway line.
  • the recording is stored locally in the rail vehicle and / or in a control center. On the basis of the recordings thus stored, an automated monitoring of the railroad track can be carried out efficiently.
  • the shot is analyzed for a given incident. This is done, for example, by mecha- Image detection mechanisms. This analysis can be done in real time, in near real time, or even some time after the actual recording has been saved. In particular, it is possible, after becoming aware of an incident, stored unregistered (archived) recordings on this incident to un ⁇ .
  • Step 204 a predetermined action is performed.
  • FIG 3 shows an exemplary schematic flow diagram of a training (as for example in a training run of a rail vehicle for creating training data, in particular ⁇ sondere feature vectors, performed).
  • a feature extraction of the recording takes place; this results in at least one feature vector.
  • the at least one feature vector is vomit ⁇ chert or it is an adaptation of an existing at least one feature vector performed. Saving can be done in a database or in a route map.
  • a comparison with the reference recordings or a preprocessing (filtering) can be carried out both on the computer or a control unit of the rail vehicle and in the control center. Also combinations of the division of the processing are possible. For example, it could be ensured by preprocessing that only
  • Image material having a certain minimum deviation from the Re ⁇ conference recordings is assessed as critical.
  • Such material classified as critical can be analyzed or evaluated manually or automatically (possibly with additional images in higher resolution). This can also be done either in the rail vehicle, ie on site, or in the center.
  • By means of suitable preprocessing it is possible, for example, to communicate or display only critical events to the control center. These critical events can then be further evaluated by the central office.
  • the panel can specifically a subsequent rail vehicle ⁇ be applied, from the place in question further recordings to provide, if necessary, with a higher resolution, or having a higher frame rate (if required by means of a Hoch Oberskame ⁇ ra). Based on these further recordings, it can then be decided - manually or automatically - whether a given action should be initiated.
  • the pre-processing reduces the load on the transmission resources provided (there is significantly less tape requires wide as if all the data on a telecommuni ⁇ nikationsnetztechnik example - would be transferred - in reduced quality or resolution) and the required Rechenkapa ⁇ capacity at the central office.
  • progressive compression methods eg JPEG 2000, MPEG-4, H.264
  • the images can be made with a minimum resolution and in individual layers additional quality levels can be provided to the respective recording. If a recording is classified as critical, this recording can be further analyzed in a higher resolution or quality level. This has the advantage that the processing of image data ⁇ requires significantly less computing power in the minimum resolution, as would be required for the processing of image data in full resolution.
  • a reference recording eg for egg ⁇ nen given period or for a scene
  • It may be a reference recording in the field of the ordinary, that eg times of the day, depending on the season or depending on other factors, change the environmental conditions significantly. For example, between 18:00 and 20:00, deer could always be next to the railway graze.
  • Such a variation could be taken into account by means of an adaptation in the reference recordings, for example by storing a plurality of "normal” recordings, possibly year or time-dependent, as reference recordings.
  • working groups can be distinguished from potential criminals in addition to the railway line.
  • This can e.g. automated by providing further data, e.g. Operational plans, which are known to the infrastructure manager and are available there, are taken into account. Place and time of such work columns are known; Furthermore, if necessary, work crews can also be identified on the basis of recordings (automatically).
  • a variant is that already taken and archived recordings are analyzed afterwards with a view to e.g. the perpetrators of a theft or a vandalism
  • the railway track can be divided into one logical sectors, so that recording devices between two rail vehicles aufein ⁇ other following each (easy) overlapping cover the sectors.
  • the control center can control the switching of the recording equipment so that it depends on the distances and speeds of the trains, the surrounding landscape (forest, mountain, tunnel, etc.) as well as the quality of the recordings provided by the recording devices and the resulting ranges , results in the most favorable or comprehensive or continuous monitoring of the sectors.
  • Another option is that corresponds supplementary recording devices in curvy and / or hügeli ⁇ gem fair, and before tunnels long of the railway line, for example, on the side of the railway line, seen before ⁇ and integrated into the monitoring system.
  • changes in the recorded environment can be taken into account by adapting the reference recordings by means of the recordings.
  • known patterns, recordings, planning data, etc. can be taken into account in order to correctly represent different situations. For example, animals next to the railway line, work gangs, fallen trees, etc. correctly detected in this way and are classi fied ⁇ .
  • the evaluation of the recordings can be carried out automatically by means of suitable algorithms. For example, an image or pattern analysis in the video data can be carried out for the evaluation and / or a situation description can be carried out. be taken into account (eg "work crew en route on track section x at kilometer y").

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne la surveillance d'un tronçon de chemin de fer. A cet effet, les véhicules ferroviaires circulant sur ce tronçon de chemin de fer sont équipés d'une unité de prise de vue, laquelle prend des photos du tronçon de chemin de fer ou des environs du tronçon de chemin de fer. Les photos sont mises en mémoire et automatisées, traitées ou analysées à la recherche d'incidents prédéfinis, par exemple au moyen d'un procédé de reconnaissance d'image. Si un tel incident est repéré, une action peut être mise en oeuvre, par exemple, on déclenche une alarme ou on demande l'intervention de la police. Selon l'invention, il est avantageux que des moyens peu onéreux permettent d'obtenir une surveillance flexible du tronçon de chemin de fer et de mener une procédure efficace contre des vols et des dégradations du tronçon de chemin de fer. Les photos peuvent également être transmises dans un central et y être surveillées (par exemple en continu) par des opérateurs.
EP13756085.0A 2012-08-31 2013-08-26 Surveillance d'un tronçon de chemin de fer Withdrawn EP2872374A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012215544.9A DE102012215544A1 (de) 2012-08-31 2012-08-31 Überwachung einer Bahnstrecke
PCT/EP2013/067625 WO2014033087A2 (fr) 2012-08-31 2013-08-26 Surveillance d'un tronçon de chemin de fer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2872374A2 true EP2872374A2 (fr) 2015-05-20

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EP13756085.0A Withdrawn EP2872374A2 (fr) 2012-08-31 2013-08-26 Surveillance d'un tronçon de chemin de fer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20150201165A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2872374A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN104583051A (fr)
DE (1) DE102012215544A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2015111465A (fr)
WO (1) WO2014033087A2 (fr)

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US20150201165A1 (en) 2015-07-16
RU2015111465A (ru) 2016-10-20
WO2014033087A2 (fr) 2014-03-06
CN104583051A (zh) 2015-04-29
DE102012215544A1 (de) 2014-03-06

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