EP2895680B1 - Système de circulation de fluide pour fluides de forage et de complétion - Google Patents

Système de circulation de fluide pour fluides de forage et de complétion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2895680B1
EP2895680B1 EP13836580.4A EP13836580A EP2895680B1 EP 2895680 B1 EP2895680 B1 EP 2895680B1 EP 13836580 A EP13836580 A EP 13836580A EP 2895680 B1 EP2895680 B1 EP 2895680B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
fluid
plunger assembly
propellant
fluids
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13836580.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2895680A4 (fr
EP2895680A1 (fr
Inventor
Paul L. KAGELER
Larry R. DEEN
Ferrill G. DALTON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Halliburton Energy Services Inc
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Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Halliburton Energy Services Inc filed Critical Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Publication of EP2895680A1 publication Critical patent/EP2895680A1/fr
Publication of EP2895680A4 publication Critical patent/EP2895680A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2895680B1 publication Critical patent/EP2895680B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/794—With means for separating solid material from the fluid

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to subterranean drilling and completion operations and, more particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for transporting, storing, and deploying a mixture of viscous fluids.
  • Drilling and completion operations play an important role when developing oil, gas or water wells or when mining for minerals and the like.
  • Drilling fluids are commonly employed during the drilling operations and perform several important functions including, but not limited to, removing the cuttings from the well to the surface, controlling formation pressures, sealing permeable formations, minimizing formation damage, and cooling and lubricating the drill bit.
  • steps may be taken to enhance well productivity and additional downhole equipment may be installed.
  • the hydrostatic pressure caused by the vertical column of the drilling fluid exceeds the ability of the surrounding earth formation to support this pressure.
  • communication with the surrounding formation occurs immediately during an open hole completion and after the perforation step for a cased well completion.
  • the hydrostatic pressure caused by the completion fluid exceeds the ability of the surrounding earth formation to support this pressure. Consequently, some drilling or completion fluid is lost to the formation and fails to return to the surface. This loss may be any fraction up to a complete loss of the total circulating drilling or completion fluid volume. This condition is generally known in the art as "Lost Circulation.” Failure to control Lost Circulation increases drilling cost and completion cost and can damage formation production capabilities.
  • LCM Lost Circulation Materials
  • Some materials typically used as LCM include, but are not limited to, wood fiber, popped popcorn, straw, bark chips, ground cork, mica, ground and sized minerals and the like.
  • a small to medium quantity of specialized fluid is sometimes referred to as a "pill.”
  • Fluid compositions used in drilling and completions can be complex and can be classified as various types of pills.
  • pills are LCM, barrier, sweeps, spacers, cleaners, push, wetting, and thermal insulation. These pills may contain viscosifiers, hard particles used for plugging and increasing density, gelled particles used for temporary plugging, suspension agents, gelling agents, buffers, corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers, wetting agents, surfactants, solvents, salts, oils, water, brines, and biocides.
  • Many pills are thixotropic and difficult to pump. Some pills form single gelled mass or large gelled clumps during storage that must be separated before pumping into the well bore. Some pills are pumped into the well bore without dilution while other pills are diluted and/or dispersed into a carrier fluid before pumping into the well bore.
  • DHEC Derivatized Hydroxyethylcellulose
  • HEC Hydroxyethylcellulose
  • MAX SEALTM is an example of a product based on DHEC gelled particles that can be used to make a LCM pill that minimizes potential damage to the formation in the reservoir section.
  • DHEC gelled particles and other fluids are typically transported and stored in ⁇ five gallon buckets until needed. Prior to their use down hole, these particles and fluids can be transferred from their containers into a rig slug pit or cement unit displacement tank and dispersed into a carrier fluid such as filtered brine. However, during transportation and storage, the gelled particles and viscous fluid may clump together and form a single gelled mass or large clumps of gelled masses. Frequently, agitation inside the slug pit or displacement tank is inadequate to break the mass of gelled particles apart.
  • the present disclosure relates generally to subterranean drilling and completion operations and, more particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for transporting, storing, and deploying a mixture of viscous fluid.
  • the present disclosure is directed to an apparatus for transporting, storing, and deploying viscous drilling and completion fluids, comprising: a cylinder comprising a full bore opening for receiving a fluid composition and a discharge outlet for discharging the fluids into a wellbore; the full bore opening being sealed by a dish head comprising a propellant port, the dish head being removably engageable with the cylinder; a plunger assembly mounted within the cylinder and movable via a propellant introduced via the propellant port to displace fluid out of the discharge outlet thereby deploying the fluid, wherein the plunger assembly comprises a pressure equalization port that defines an opening within the plunger assembly; and a shredder screen mounted within the discharge outlet.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a method for transporting, storing and deploying viscous drilling and completion fluids, comprising: providing a fluid container, wherein the fluid container comprises: a cylinder comprising a full bore opening and a discharge outlet for discharging the fluids into a wellbore; a dish head comprising a propellant port, the dish head being removeably engageable with the cylinder to seal the full bore opening; a plunger assembly mounted within the cylinder; and a shredder screen mounted within the discharge outlet; inserting a viscous fluid into the fluid container through the full bore opening, storing the viscous fluid in the fluid container; and passing the viscous fluid through the shredder screen by activating the plunger assembly by introducing a propellant into the propellant port and thereby deploying the fluid.
  • the present disclosure relates generally to subterranean drilling and completion operations and, more particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for transporting, storing, and deploying a mixture of viscous fluid.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applicable to horizontal, vertical, deviated, or otherwise nonlinear wellbores in any type of subterranean formation. Embodiments may be applicable to injection wells as well as production wells, including hydrocarbon wells.
  • the present disclosure is directed to an apparatus for transporting, storing, and deploying viscous fluids.
  • the viscous fluids that may or may not contain hard particles and/or gelled particles.
  • the viscous fluids may or may not be thixotropic in nature.
  • the apparatus is capable of quickly deploying fluids such as LCM pills without pre-mixing.
  • the apparatus can be mounted on a skid such that the entire system is certified for marine and/or ground transport allowing a pre-mixed pill to be transported, stored, and deployed from one container. After discharge of the pill, the empty skid mounted apparatus can be returned to a fluid blending site and re-filled with a pill.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example a disassembled apparatus 100 according to aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the disassembled apparatus 100 includes a cylinder 110, a plunger stop ring 120, a plunger assembly 130, a dish head 140, and a strainer bowl 150.
  • cylinder 110 may be of a metal construction. Cylinder 110 may be certified to transport and store drilling fluids for downhole operations and may comply with all applicable codes and regulations. Cylinder 110 may be generally cylindrical, and may comprise a cylinder wall 111 that defines an inner chamber 112. Cylinder wall 111 may be fabricated to a specified roundness and may be polished to a smooth finish. The inner Chamber 112 is accessible through at least one opening 113 at the bottom of cylinder 110 and one opening 114 at the top of cylinder 110. Opening 114 is a full bore opening. Opening 113 is a discharge outlet. The full bore opening allows the insertion of fluid composition into inner chamber 112. In certain embodiments, the full bore opening may allow for the insertion of plunger assembly 130 into the cylinder 110. The full bore opening is sealed using dish head 140 that is removably engageable with cylinder 110.
  • Cylinder 110 further comprises a strainer element 115.
  • Strainer element 115 comprises a shredder screen.
  • cylinder 110 may further comprise one or more vents 116 and one or more pressure gauges 117.
  • the cylinder 110 may further comprise one or more flanges 118 for assembly.
  • cylinder 110 may further comprise plunger stop ring 120.
  • Plunger stop ring 120 may be installed into cylinder 110 and welded into place. Once assembled, plunger stop ring 120 may prevent plunger assembly 130 from extending to the discharge end of cylinder 110.
  • Plunger assembly 130 comprises cable pull eye 131, a machined groove 132 containing a seal ring 135, a pressure equalization port 133, and a screw plug 134.
  • pressure equalization port 133 may be manually opened and then closed wherein refilling the apparatus by use of a screw plug.
  • pressure equalization port 133 is only opened when installing the plunger back into the cylinder on top of the pill.
  • Plunger assembly 130 may be fabricated to a specified roundness and diameter. In certain embodiments, plunger assembly 130 may have the same roundness and slightly less diameter than the cylinder wall 111. Plunger assembly 130 may have a slip fit tolerance with cylinder wall 111 and an elastomeric, plastic, or piston seal ring on the surface that contacts cylinder wall 111 in order to prevent pill from by-passing the plunger assembly 130 as the plunger forces the pill out of cylinder 110. The discharge side of plunger assembly 130 may have a convex shape that allows for a more complete discharge of pill from the cylinder 110. Plunger assembly 130 may be driven with a pressurized gas or a liquid displacing a pill directly into a wellbore.
  • the plunger assembly 130 Upon activation, the plunger assembly 130 is designed to displace the pill out of the apparatus with very little by-pass across the seal ring 135 and deploy the pill to the desired pit or vessel. After deployment, the plunger assembly 130 is designed to allow disassembly, refill, and reassembly. Once the reassembly step is completed, the apparatus is ready to deploy another pill.
  • Dish head 140 comprises flange 141, one or more pressure detection devices 142, propellant port 143, lift eye 144, one or more pressure gauges 145, and one or more vents 146. Dish head 140 and the entire apparatus may be of a metal construction and certified to meet a specified operating pressure. Dish head 140 is a removable lid. The removable lid may be sealed to the cylinder 110 by the use of a flange connection, a screw connection, a clamped connection, or a welded connection. The removable lid provides access to the cylinder 110 and allows for plunger assembly 130 to be removed, cylinder 110 to be charged with a pill, and plunger assembly 130 to be re-installed. The removable lid may or may not be attached to the container with a hinge.
  • strainer bowl 150 may comprise flange 151 and discharge port 152.
  • Strainer bowl 150 may be of a metal construction.
  • a shredder screen may be needed in or just below the discharge port in order to break gelled clumps up before reaching transfer lines.
  • the shredder screen may be comprised of a course grid or a course strainer that is designed to break large gelled clumps into smaller clumps as the pill is extruded through the shredder.
  • the detailed specifications of the shredder element may be set to eliminate gelled clumps of excessive size while minimizing the pressure drop across the element.
  • the shredder screen is mounted near discharge outlet.
  • the apparatus may further include instrumentation for safe and reliable operations, such as pressure gauges, plunger position sensors, vacuum and pressure relief devices, propellant flow indicators, propellant flow totalizers, and instrument mounting and control panel boards.
  • instrumentation for safe and reliable operations such as pressure gauges, plunger position sensors, vacuum and pressure relief devices, propellant flow indicators, propellant flow totalizers, and instrument mounting and control panel boards.
  • Figure 2 shows an example of an assembled fluid deployment system 200.
  • plunger assembly 130 is inserted inside cylinder 110 such that a pill 210 is on the discharge side of the plunger assembly 130.
  • propellant may be introduced into propellant port 143 such that a pressure differential is created across plunger assembly 130 causing the plunger assembly 130 to push pill 210 out of cylinder 110.
  • Seal ring 135 mounted in machine groove 132 contacts cylinder wall 111 and prevents pill 210 from by-passing plunger assembly 130.
  • Suitable propellant fluids may include gaseous propellants such as compressed air, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide or liquid state propellants such as water, hydraulic fluids, completion fluids, or drilling fluids.
  • suitable operating pressures for gaseous and liquid state propellants may be from 30 to about 120 psi. In other embodiments, suitable operating pressures for gaseous and liquid state propellants may be from 30 to about 5000 psi or higher.
  • propellant Upon activation, propellant enters the apparatus under pressure through propellant port 143 and causes plunger assembly 130 to move against pill 210 resulting in pill 210 being transferred out of cylinder 110 through strainer 115 and out opening 113 into a wellbore. The propellant continues to move plunger assembly 130 until plunger assembly 130 contacts stop ring 120 near opening 113.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of the skid frame 300 with protective cage for housing an assembled fluid deployment system.
  • the apparatus may be skid mounted for safe handling, transport, and storage.
  • Skid frame 300 may comprise cage 310, one or more skid lift eyes 320, a ladder 330, and one or more fork truck lift slots 340.
  • the use of a skid mounted apparatus may simplify the supply chain for special pills, simplifies operations at the drilling rig site, improves safety at the rig site, and eliminates the need to clean and dispose of numerous empty ⁇ 5 gallon plastic buckets as well as pallet wrap and other packaging materials.
  • an assembled apparatus as discussed herein may be used to store a pill.
  • the apparatus may be disassembled, filled with pill, and reassembled as follows.
  • Flange bolts and nuts attaching the dish head to the cylinder may be removed.
  • a cable assembly may be attached to lift eye of the dish head and the dish head may be lifted off of the cylinder.
  • the discharge port may be opened to allow for equalization of pressure across plunger assembly.
  • a cable assembly may be attached to cable pull eye of the plunger assembly, and the plunger assembly may be removed from the cylinder.
  • the plunger assembly may be inspected and cleaned and the plunger seal may be replaced as needed.
  • the interior of the cylinder may be cleaned and inspected and polished as needed.
  • the discharge port may then be closed and a pill may be transferred into the cylinder to a desired level.
  • the pressure equalization port of the plunger assembly may then be opened and the plunger assembly may be slid into the cylinder until the plunger assembly is on top of the pill.
  • the pressure equalization port may then be closed by screwing in the plug.
  • the dish head may be repositioned on top of the cylinder and sealed to the cylinder with flange bolts and nuts.
  • the instrumentation on the skid mounted apparatus can then be checked and the apparatus may be labeled to meet all transport requirements.
  • an assembled apparatus containing a stored pill may be used to discharge the pill as follows.
  • the receiving vessel, pit, or wellbore and fluid transfer lines may be checked to ensure they are ready to make the transfer.
  • the plunger may be checked to confirm that the plunger assembly is in the loaded position ready to make the transfer.
  • the propellant port may be opened to confirm that acceptable operating pressures may be reached inside the container.
  • the discharge port may then be opened to allow the pill to flow into the desired receiving vessel.
  • the propellant port may be closed once the desired quantity of pill is transferred or the plunger reaches the travel stop ring.
  • the discharge port may then be closed.
  • the container vent ports may then be opened to bleed off all pressure from the container.
  • the container may be attached to another loaded apparatus and repeat the process until the desired quantity of pill is transferred.
  • the empty apparatus may then be tagged and stored until return shipment is possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Appareil (100) de transport, de stockage et de circulation de fluides de forage et de complétion visqueux, comprenant :
    un cylindre (110) comprenant une ouverture à passage intégral pour recevoir une composition de fluide et une sortie d'évacuation pour évacuer les fluides dans un puits de forage, l'ouverture à passage intégral étant scellée par une tête en forme d'assiette (140) comprenant un orifice de propulseur (143), la tête en forme d'assiette (140) venant en prise de manière amovible avec le cylindre (110) ;
    un ensemble piston (130) monté à l'intérieur du cylindre et pouvant être déplacé par un propulseur introduit par l'intermédiaire de l'orifice de propulseur (143) afin de déplacer du fluide hors de la sortie d'évacuation, faisant ainsi circuler le fluide ; et un tamis granulateur monté à l'intérieur de la sortie d'évacuation, caractérisé en ce que
    l'ensemble piston comprend un orifice d'égalisation de pression (133) qui définit une ouverture à l'intérieur de l'ensemble piston.
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le cylindre comprend une paroi de cylindre (111) qui définit une chambre intérieure (112) ; et éventuellement, dans lequel l'ensemble piston comprend une bague d'étanchéité (135) en contact avec la paroi de cylindre.
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'ensemble piston comprend un côté d'évacuation ayant une forme convexe.
  4. Appareil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le cylindre comprend une bague d'arrêt (120) montée à l'intérieur du cylindre.
  5. Procédé de transport, de stockage et de circulation de fluides de forage et de complétion visqueux, comprenant :
    la fourniture d'un contenant de fluide, dans lequel le contenant de fluide comprend :
    un cylindre (110) comprenant une ouverture à passage intégral et une sortie d'évacuation pour évacuer les fluides dans un puits de forage ;
    une tête en forme d'assiette (140) comprenant un orifice de propulseur (143), la tête en forme d'assiette venant en prise de manière amovible avec le cylindre (110) pour sceller l'ouverture à passage intégral ;
    un ensemble piston (130) monté à l'intérieur du cylindre ; et
    un tamis granulateur monté à l'intérieur de la sortie d'évacuation ; caractérisé par
    l'insertion d'un fluide visqueux dans le contenant de fluide à travers l'ouverture à passage intégral ;
    le stockage du fluide visqueux dans le contenant de fluide ; et
    le passage du fluide visqueux à travers le tamis granulateur par l'activation du piston en introduisant un propulseur dans l'orifice de propulseur et en faisant ainsi circuler le fluide.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel l'ensemble piston comprend une bague d'étanchéité (135) en contact avec une paroi de cylindre (111).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le tamis granulateur peut fonctionner pour rompre un ou plusieurs amas gélifiés.
EP13836580.4A 2012-09-13 2013-08-23 Système de circulation de fluide pour fluides de forage et de complétion Not-in-force EP2895680B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/614,053 US20140069505A1 (en) 2012-09-13 2012-09-13 Fluid deployment system for drilling and completion fluids
PCT/US2013/056333 WO2014042844A1 (fr) 2012-09-13 2013-08-23 Système de circulation de fluide pour fluides de forage et de complétion

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2895680A1 EP2895680A1 (fr) 2015-07-22
EP2895680A4 EP2895680A4 (fr) 2016-08-10
EP2895680B1 true EP2895680B1 (fr) 2020-09-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13836580.4A Not-in-force EP2895680B1 (fr) 2012-09-13 2013-08-23 Système de circulation de fluide pour fluides de forage et de complétion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20140069505A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2895680B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2013315997A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2881907A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014042844A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112659047B (zh) * 2021-03-17 2021-05-18 西南石油大学 一种pdc钻头配套工具

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2881907A1 (fr) 2014-03-20
EP2895680A4 (fr) 2016-08-10
AU2013315997A1 (en) 2015-02-26
EP2895680A1 (fr) 2015-07-22
US20140069505A1 (en) 2014-03-13
WO2014042844A1 (fr) 2014-03-20

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