EP2905455A2 - Procédé de revêtement d'un alésage et bloc cylindre d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Procédé de revêtement d'un alésage et bloc cylindre d'un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2905455A2
EP2905455A2 EP15153047.4A EP15153047A EP2905455A2 EP 2905455 A2 EP2905455 A2 EP 2905455A2 EP 15153047 A EP15153047 A EP 15153047A EP 2905455 A2 EP2905455 A2 EP 2905455A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bore
enamel coating
coating
enamel
cylinder block
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15153047.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2905455A3 (fr
EP2905455B1 (fr
Inventor
Carsten Weber
Jan Mehring
Kai Kuhlbach
Urban Morawitz
Maik Broda
Clemens Maria Verpoort
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2905455A2 publication Critical patent/EP2905455A2/fr
Publication of EP2905455A3 publication Critical patent/EP2905455A3/fr
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Publication of EP2905455B1 publication Critical patent/EP2905455B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18—Other cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/12—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/005—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers by a method specially adapted for coating special objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/02—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers by wet methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/02—Surface coverings of combustion-gas-swept parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/12—Coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49231—I.C. [internal combustion] engine making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a coated surface, in particular a cylinder bore of an internal combustion engine, as well as a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine.
  • Cylinder bores of internal combustion engines should have a smooth and slight clearance between their inner circumference and reciprocating pistons or piston rings, at best achieving ideal tribological conditions.
  • the DE 10 2007 023 297 A1 discloses that a two-stage process should be provided, with a finishing being followed by a pre-processing.
  • the DE 10 2007 023 297 A1 Before the second step for producing a non-circular starting shape is addressed, ie before the fine machining is started, the DE 10 2007 023 297 A1 before applying a sliding layer on the pre-machined initial shape.
  • This can be done according to the DE 10 2007 023 297 A1 only with a thermal spraying process, which is intended for an arc wire spraying, to an atmospheric plasma spraying or to a high-speed flame spraying.
  • Plasma powder spraying can also be a suitable spraying method.
  • the DE 10 2007 023 297 A1 in particular, that the layer thickness of the applied layer should not be smaller than at least 50 ⁇ m.
  • the surface should be pretreated before coating thermally, mechanically, chemically or water jet assisted.
  • thermal spray coatings have a weak spot, for example with regard to undercutting problems, e.g. when aggressive, contaminated fuels are used.
  • highly Cr-alloyed powders or wires as a filler material for thermal spray coating, thereby further increasing the manufacturing cost. Due to the continuous porosity, it can still happen that condensates or acids can attack the base material through the layer. Only additional impregnation of the layers can prevent such sub-corrosion problems.
  • thermal barrier coatings for internal combustion engines or gas turbines can be produced by plasma powder spraying of Zr-O2 with yttrium oxide stabilization.
  • Such plasma powder spray coatings are characterized by low heat conduction even at very high temperatures up to over 1100 ° C.
  • due to their microcracked layer structure such plasma powder sprayed coatings can not be mechanically stressed, with such thermal barrier coatings not being suitable as tribologically stressed coating in the cylinder liner.
  • the invention has the object of developing a method of the type mentioned input advantageous.
  • the applied to the inner surface of the hole enamel coating has a particularly good thermal insulation property and very good tribological properties.
  • undercutting is safely avoided, using expensive additives such as e.g. Zirconium oxide / yttrium oxide can be dispensed with.
  • a method is expediently provided in which a suitable coating fulfills all requirements for reliable function of the component with minimal production costs, whereby the method according to the invention can also be integrated into the existing production chain for producing the motor blocks without great difficulty.
  • the enamel coating according to the invention is preferably a melt mixture.
  • the glass-forming oxides melt together to form a glass melt.
  • Glass-forming oxides can be SiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , Na 2 O, K 2 O and Al 2 O 3 .
  • Base enamels contain about 23-34% by weight (by weight) of borax, 28-52% by weight of feldspar, 5-20% by weight of quartz, about 5% by weight of fluoride, and the balance of soda and sodium nitrate.
  • the oxides of Ti, Zr and Mo can serve.
  • the enamel coating firmly adheres to the metallic substrate, ie on the base material, for example, components provided by cobalt, manganese or nickel oxides. It is still possible to use ceramic pigments, such as iron oxides, chromium oxides and spinels.
  • the substances mentioned are finely ground and melted in a preferred embodiment.
  • the melt is quenched, so preferably added to water, wherein the resulting granular glassy frit is finely ground again in the subsequent step.
  • 30% to 40% of water is added together with clay and quartz flour.
  • the opacifiers and color oxides mentioned are added.
  • an enamel slip is formed, which for a better mixture should rest for some time, preferably a few days, before the enamel slip would continue to be used.
  • suitable adjusting means it is ensured that a uniform layer thickness, e.g. after a dip coating results, with a possible dip coating with a flooding device will be discussed in more detail.
  • the aqueous enamel slip can be applied by means of a rotating device, which at the same time can be moved back and forth in the vertical direction of the bore in the same direction for rotation about its vertical axis.
  • the device can be designed as a lance, wherein the material in several transitions, so layers can be applied.
  • the lance has favorably at its end of the order at least one outlet opening from which the enamel slip can escape.
  • the enamel slip is thrown onto the surface to be coated.
  • several outlet openings can be provided, which can be seen both in the circumferential direction and arranged in the vertical direction of the lance at this.
  • the drying of this layer can e.g. done with an induction coil.
  • the enamel coating on the other hand can also be applied in a dipping process.
  • the entire cylinder block, in the One or more bores to be coated are in a preferred embodiment with its head side first introduced into the enamel slip bath.
  • the exterior of the cylinder block is inevitably coated, which is disadvantageous in terms of material savings.
  • Targetive is when the hole is flooded with the enamel slurry, which is also referred to as a dipping operation with flooding device in the context of the invention.
  • the entire cylinder block is placed with its head first on a flooding device.
  • the flooding device advantageously has at least one chamber which has at least one outlet opening, wherein a feed opening is also provided.
  • a line is connected, which leads the Emailschlicker to the flooding device, so that in this, ie in the chamber such pressure arises that the enamel slip from the outlet opening from below enters the bore to be coated.
  • sealing elements are still provided, for example in the embodiment as a sealing lip on the flooding device to which the wall of the bore to be coated can invest in the circumferential direction, so that the bore is sealed via its wall to the flooding device.
  • the entire bore, ie the inner surface of the same is coated with the enamel slurry.
  • a multi-stage layer structure with the optional above-mentioned intermediate drying of individual partial layers can be provided in the same way as the application of the enamel coating in one step.
  • the hole is flooded from bottom to top. Of course it is possible to flood the hole from top to bottom with the enamel slurry.
  • the enamel slip is introduced into the bore which is open at the top, which is likewise regarded as a dipping process in the sense of the invention.
  • the goal is to provide the entire bore with the enamel coating both in full and throughout the full extension.
  • the base body that is to say the cylinder block
  • the sand casting method being suitable as the production method. This is well known, so it will not be discussed further.
  • Targeting within the meaning of the invention is when the surface in the area of the bore, ie the inner bore surface, is spindled to a roughness of Ra 6 to 7 ⁇ m.
  • the enamel coating is applied.
  • the enamel coatings according to the invention are distinguished from the electroplated or thermal spray coatings in that they can not be infiltrated. When infiltrated thermally sprayed layers are infiltrated, a Fe oxide phase can form under the coating, resulting in a large increase in volume associated with the spalling of the thermal spray coating. On the other hand, the enamel coating according to the invention can not be further damaged if the layer has been removed by local damage up to the base material. It will then only in the area of missing EmailSchicht a rust damage occur, which does not increase further.
  • the enamel coating of the invention is characterized by good wear resistance due to the high layer hardness of typically 600 - 800HV0,1. This means a threefold higher hardness than the GG base material.
  • the cylinder block with the dried enamel coating in a protective gas oven is heated to 800 - 900 ° C and held for about 10 - 20 minutes.
  • a rapid cooling preferably takes place in a molten salt, so that a significantly higher strength of the cylinder block results than in the conventional GG material.
  • the enamel-burning treatment and this run Heat treatment in the same temperature-time window, which is used with the invention.
  • the enamel-baking treatment and this heat treatment are connected to each other, so that by this burn-in and quenching so a cylinder block with increased mechanical strength and a cylinder bore with good thermal insulation and good wear and corrosion resistance results.
  • the engine blocks After firing the enamel coating, the engine blocks are finished and honed in the raceway to final dimensions.
  • layer thicknesses of 500-1000 microns are applied.
  • This thermal insulation results from the use of oxides such as Si, Ti, Ca oxides but also by the typical Beerblasenein Beingn in the solidified glass matrix.
  • This hard and brittle layer is very easy to work with diamond honing stones, whereby these bubbles are cut open and exposed.
  • these are not interconnected pores or pore nests as in a thermally applied spray coating, so that in the pores of the enamel coating of the invention, a high hydrodynamic pressure can build up and the oil film through the piston ring not in Connected pores can be pushed away.
  • the inventive method is due to the excellent corrosion and wear resistance, good thermal insulation and good friction behavior for the coating of cylinder liners of internal combustion engines.
  • the baking cycle of the enamel coating can be combined with the AGI heat treatment, so that the cylinder block subsequently has a higher strength.
  • the composition of the enamel coating can be adjusted by addition of hard carbides so that the wear resistance can be raised, for example for use in highly charged engines.
  • the wet-slip of enamels currently 2-4 € / kg is very cost-effective.
  • the invention thus provides a method for producing a wear and corrosion coating within the bore of a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine made of gray cast iron material.
  • This coating fulfills at least the following requirements according to the invention: as a result of the low thermal conductivity, it reduces the heat loss in the combustion process and thereby makes better use of the heat in the combustion process to achieve a higher degree of efficiency. In addition, however, this coating also has good tribological properties in order to cope with the frictional wear conditions of the piston group. These requirements are achieved according to the invention by baking the optionally hard enamel coating.
  • the necessary baking treatment of the enamel coating is combined with the AGI heat treatment, so that only very low costs are incurred for this enameling and at the same time the cylinder block is given a higher strength than a cylinder block made of conventional GG material. It is also conceivable to provide a cylinder block made of aluminum, so its cylinder bore with the enamel coating.
  • the enamel coating surface may be subjected to a final treatment, ie a finish. It is preferably provided to work the friction surfaces in a rotating manner and to remove the scale layer which was formed as a result of the annealing process. It is also possible, a reworking of the bore by regrinding, with diamond or hard material cup wheels can be used. It is conceivable reworking by means of boring or spindling, which is feasible despite the high hardness due to the brittleness, with PCD (polycrystalline diamond) indexable inserts are preferred.
  • a final treatment ie a finish. It is preferably provided to work the friction surfaces in a rotating manner and to remove the scale layer which was formed as a result of the annealing process. It is also possible, a reworking of the bore by regrinding, with diamond or hard material cup wheels can be used. It is conceivable reworking by means of boring or spindling, which is feasible despite the high hardness due to the brittleness, with PCD (pol
  • FIG. 1 shows a method for coating a hole 1 with an enamel coating 2.
  • the bore 1 is introduced into a cylinder block 3, which is a schematic diagram in FIG. 2 is recognizable. From the cylinder block 3 is in FIG. 1 only the inner surface 4 of the bore 1 recognizable.
  • the cylinder block 3 was produced as a base body 3 in a sand casting process from a gray cast iron.
  • the hole 1 was drilled by spindling to an excess of 1 to 2 mm in diameter.
  • the surface 4 in the area of the bore 1 was also spindled to a roughness of Ra 6 to 7 microns.
  • the hole 1 is provided according to the invention with an enamel coating 2.
  • the enamel coating 2 is in the form of an aqueous Enamelschlickers in the embodiment after FIG. 1 by means of a rotating device 6, which at the same time is applied to rotate about its axis in the vertical direction of the bore 2 in the same back and forth.
  • the motion arrows in terms of rotation and back and forth are in FIG. 1 located.
  • the device 6 can be referred to as a lance 6, wherein the material, that is, the aqueous enamel slurry in several transitions, so layers can be applied.
  • it may be provided first to apply a specific material thickness, which is then dried before the next layer, that is to say further material, is applied. The drying of this layer can be done, for example, with an induction coil.
  • it can also be provided to apply the enamel coating in a single step.
  • FIG. 2 can be removed, the enamel coating 2 on the other can also be applied in a dipping process.
  • Recognizable in FIG. 2 is that the hole 1 is flooded with the enamel slurry from below, which is referred to as a dipping operation in the context of the invention.
  • the entire cylinder block 3 is placed with its head side 7 standing on a flooding device 8.
  • the flooding device 8 has favorably at least one chamber 9, which has an outlet opening 10, wherein a feed opening 11 is provided.
  • a line 12 is connected, which leads the enamel slurry to the flooding device 8, so that in this, ie in the chamber 9 such pressure arises that the enamel slip from the outlet opening 10 enters from below into the bore 1 to be coated.
  • sealing elements 13, e.g. provided in the embodiment as a sealing lip 13 on the flooding device 8, to which the wall 14, so at the end face of the bore to be coated 1 can invest in the circumferential direction, so that the bore 1 is sealed via its wall 14 to the flooding device 8.
  • the entire bore 1, so the inner surface 4 thereof is coated with the enamel slurry.
  • a multi-stage layer structure with the optional above-mentioned intermediate drying of individual partial layers can be provided in the same way as the application of the enamel coating in one step.
  • the internal combustion engine that is to say the cylinder block 3
  • the flooding device 8 may also have more than the recognizable one chamber 9, which may be arranged one behind the other and / or next to each other. This depends on the type of internal combustion engine, eg as a series engine or as a V-engine.
  • a separate flooding device 8 may be provided with a single chamber 9. Target is when all holes 1 are provided at the same time with the enamel coating 2, which of course can also be done sequentially. For the purposes of heat treatment, coating as simultaneous as possible is advantageous.
  • Target is when the entire hole 1 is provided with the enamel coating 2.
  • a post-treatment of the coated bore 1 wherein the enamel coating metallurgically connects with the base material of the bore by phase formation.
  • This post-treatment is followed by a heat treatment followed by quenching.
  • the two treatments, so the enamel-baking process, as well as the said heat treatment run in the same temperature-time window, so that by this burn-in and quenching so a cylinder block with increased mechanical strength and a cylinder bore with good thermal insulation and good wear and corrosion resistance.
  • the enamel coating 2 can be subjected to a finish, for example by means of diamond honing stones.
  • the existing in the enamel coating 2 pores / air bubbles 15 are cut open and exposed, as in FIG. 3 is recognizable.
  • the inner surface 4 of the bore 1, the enamel coating 2, both the transition zone 16 arranged therebetween can be seen.
  • the said pores / air bubbles 15 are not interconnected pores or pore nests as in a thermally applied spray coating so that a high hydrodynamic pressure can build up in the truncated and exposed pores / air bubbles of the enamel coating according to the invention and the oil film can not be pushed away into connected pores by the piston ring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP15153047.4A 2014-02-06 2015-01-29 Procédé de revêtement d'un alésage et bloc cylindre d'un moteur à combustion interne Active EP2905455B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014202134.0A DE102014202134A1 (de) 2014-02-06 2014-02-06 Verfahren zum Beschichten einer Bohrung und Zylinderblock eines Verbrennungsmotors

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2905455A2 true EP2905455A2 (fr) 2015-08-12
EP2905455A3 EP2905455A3 (fr) 2015-11-18
EP2905455B1 EP2905455B1 (fr) 2020-04-15

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EP15153047.4A Active EP2905455B1 (fr) 2014-02-06 2015-01-29 Procédé de revêtement d'un alésage et bloc cylindre d'un moteur à combustion interne

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Country Link
US (1) US9759154B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2905455B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104831278B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014202134A1 (fr)

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EP3368490B1 (fr) * 2015-10-28 2019-12-18 Remeha B.V. Échangeur de chaleur et son procédé de fabrication
KR20170127903A (ko) * 2016-05-13 2017-11-22 현대자동차주식회사 인서트 주조용 실린더 라이너 및 그 제조 방법
DE102016007727A1 (de) * 2016-06-23 2017-12-28 Man Truck & Bus Ag Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
US10400707B2 (en) * 2017-07-26 2019-09-03 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method and system for processing an automotive engine block
CN108265294B (zh) * 2018-02-28 2023-03-24 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 内胆涂搪工艺封堵结构及涂搪工艺
CN108359986B (zh) * 2018-03-06 2023-03-24 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 内胆流搪工艺用封堵结构及流搪工艺
DE102019113033A1 (de) * 2019-05-17 2019-09-05 Gehring Technologies Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von beschichteten Oberflächen, insbesondere von reibungsarmen Zylinderbohrungen für Verbrennungsmotoren
US10907569B2 (en) * 2019-06-19 2021-02-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Systems and methods for a cylinder bore coating fill material
EP4082694A4 (fr) * 2019-12-26 2024-02-28 Proterial, Ltd. Élément de trajet d'écoulement de moulage de stratifié métallique et son procédé de fabrication

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