EP2924189A2 - Support de grille - Google Patents

Support de grille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2924189A2
EP2924189A2 EP15000650.0A EP15000650A EP2924189A2 EP 2924189 A2 EP2924189 A2 EP 2924189A2 EP 15000650 A EP15000650 A EP 15000650A EP 2924189 A2 EP2924189 A2 EP 2924189A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chord
lattice girder
belt
struts
stiffening elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15000650.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2924189A3 (fr
Inventor
Benjamin Geller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tunnel-Ausbau-Technik GmbH
Original Assignee
Tunnel-Ausbau-Technik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tunnel-Ausbau-Technik GmbH filed Critical Tunnel-Ausbau-Technik GmbH
Publication of EP2924189A2 publication Critical patent/EP2924189A2/fr
Publication of EP2924189A3 publication Critical patent/EP2924189A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0452—H- or I-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/046—L- or T-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
    • E04C2003/0491—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in one single surface or in several parallel surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional [3D] extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/065—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lattice girder for reinforcement and expansion in tunnel, mining and shaft construction as well as for structural steel construction or the like according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such lattice girders are many years on the market and 3-belt girder or 4-bar sold girder example, under the brand Pantex ®. Such lattice girders have been developed for the special requirements, in particular in tunneling and have been used in numerous drives so far. Such lattice girders are preferably fully integrated in the shotcrete shell in tunnel bores. The lattice girders securely support the vault. Settlements of the surrounding mountains are minimized and the water density of the shotcrete shell is increased.
  • Pantex ® lattice girders are also used for immediate securing in the working area of the chest on the length of the foremost deductions.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a lattice girder, which is formed more compact and stable at the same time.
  • the distance between the at least two belt bars designed as upper belt or lower belt corresponds approximately to the cross section of the reinforcing elements.
  • the stiffening elements are arranged in the plane defined by the distance between the at least two belt bars, connecting them together. This creates an extremely compact and at the same time stable lattice girder.
  • the entire width of the lattice girder is minimal and is only twice the cross section of the upper chord or lower chord forming chord bars plus the simple cross section of the respective stiffening elements.
  • the lattice girder according to the invention is many times narrower than conventional lattice girders, as mentioned in the introduction and, for example, also in US Pat DE 20 2012 103 456 U1 are described.
  • the lattice girder according to the invention is very stable and has, in particular in the range of transverse or vertical stresses advantages over a pure 2-belt variant, as for example from the DE 202 05 133 U1 is known, and compared to the aforementioned 3-belt or 4-belt lattice girders.
  • Such a lattice girder is also easier to calculate, in particular to design, since the stiffening elements lie exclusively in one plane.
  • the handling and transport of such lattice girders is simplified since they occupy a significantly smaller volume than conventional 3-belt or 4-belt lattice girders.
  • significantly more lattice girders can be accommodated per unit volume.
  • the lattice girder may be designed as a 3-belt or as a 4-belt variant.
  • upper belt and lower belt are formed from respectively at least two belt bars.
  • the stiffening elements formed in only one level reduce the local kinks of the belt bars and ensure, in addition to a high normal and bending moment load, a secure transmission of the transverse forces even in the uninjected state.
  • the stiffening elements are designed as straight, preferably obliquely extending upper flange and lower flange struts, wherein the straight struts between upper flange and lower flange preferably zigzagged.
  • Such stiffening elements are easy to manufacture. Accordingly, such a stiffening elements exhibiting lattice girder is easy and inexpensive to produce. Such a lattice girder is therefore also inexpensive to produce, because the straight struts quickly connected to the belt bars, ie can be welded. Here are mainly short welds in appearance.
  • the compactness of the lattice girder according to the invention can also be improved by arranging the one ends of the straight struts between the at least two chord members configured as upper chord and / or lower chord and preferably spaced from each other. This results in contrast to the cases where the stiffening elements are arranged only in the clear height between the upper and lower chord, a lattice girder with lower height, which also has a positive effect on the transport costs and the required height of the lattice girder in the shotcrete.
  • the stiffening elements are at least partially formed as a bow-shaped struts preferably having a V-shaped structure, wherein the bow-shaped struts preferably each have at least one bend in its central portion and at their free ends in each case an angling.
  • longer welds can be used because in the plane between the chord members in the longitudinal direction, a longer portion of the respective stiffening elements is arranged on the upper and lower chord.
  • the stiffening elements are easy to manufacture and to process. It is here as in the training with straight struts also here ultimately identically designed stiffening elements, which can be produced inexpensively in mass.
  • each bow-shaped strut between the at least two formed as Obergurt and / or Untergurt belt bars may be arranged, which in turn results in a low overall height of the lattice girder. As a result, the compactness of the lattice girder is further improved.
  • the bow-shaped struts open with their V-shaped structure alternately to the top and bottom chord.
  • the design of such a lattice girder is very stable, since the forces occurring can be particularly beneficial absorbed and derived.
  • the free ends in the longitudinal direction of immediately adjacent bow-shaped struts in the vertical direction perpendicular to the upper flange and lower flange preferably overlap by 3 to 8 mm.
  • the transverse stress of the lattice girder can be improved.
  • the lattice girders constructed according to the invention have a lower weight and a higher resistance moment.
  • the stiffeners are easier to manufacture and easier to weld.
  • a simpler adaptation to different heights is possible.
  • such lattice girders are easier to connect with each other.
  • Fig. 1 is a lattice girder 1, the reinforcement in the tunnel, mining, shaft, structural steel or the like in a side view according to a first embodiment shown schematically.
  • An inventive lattice girder has at least three strap bars, wherein in the Fig. 1 to 4 a lattice girder 1 with three girders 2, 3, 4 and in the Fig. 5 to 8 a lattice girder 1 with four girders 2 to 5 is shown. Of the at least three belt bars 2 to 5, at least two are formed as upper belt 6 or lower belt 7.
  • the lattice girder 1 according to Fig. 1
  • the upper strap 6 is formed by the strap bar 2 and the lower strap 7 by the two strap bars 3 and 4.
  • the upper belt can be arranged on the mountain side and the lower belt on the tunnel side or vice versa.
  • lattice girder 1 stiffening elements 10, which connect the strap bars 2 to 4 or 2 to 5 together.
  • Fig. 2 shows a view of the lattice girder 1 according to Fig. 1 seen from the left. From this view, it can be seen that the distance 11 between the two belt bars 3 and 4 designed as a bottom flange 7 corresponds approximately to the cross section 12 of the stiffening elements 10. According to another embodiment, not shown in detail can be used in lattice with three girders instead of in Fig. 2 shown Untergurts 7 of the upper flange 6 may be formed with two strap bars.
  • the stiffening elements 10 are arranged in that plane 13, which is defined by the distance 11, between the two belt bars 3 and 4, connecting them together. Overall, connect the stiffening elements 10 both the strap bars 3 and 4 together, which form the lower flange 7, as well as the Gurtstab 2, which forms the upper flange 6, with the Gurtstäben 3 and 4.
  • upper chord 6 and lower chord 7 from at least two chord bars 2, 3 and 4, 5 may be formed.
  • the stiffening elements 10 are according to the Fig. 1 and 5 as straight, to upper flange 6 and lower flange 7 preferably obliquely extending struts 14 are formed. As in the Fig. 1 and 5 shown by way of example, the straight struts 14 extend between the top flange 6 and bottom chord 7 in a zigzag shape.
  • Each straight strut 14 has an end 15, which is arranged between the at least two belt straps 3 and 4 designed as a lower belt 7. It is clear that in cases where three chords do not have the lower chord, but the upper chord with two chords, the Fig. 1 upper end 16 of the straight struts between the two, the upper flange forming Gurtstreben is arranged. In the Fig. 1 to 4 only the embodiment is shown, in which the upper flange is formed by only one Gurtstab 2 and the lower flange 7 by two strap bars 3 and 4.
  • Fig. 3 shows a side view of a portion of such a lattice girder, while Fig. 4 a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3 clarified.
  • the stiffening elements 10 are formed as bow-shaped struts 17 with a V-shaped structure.
  • these struts 17 in their central portion 20 each have at least one bend 21 and at their free ends 22, 23 each have an angled portion 24.
  • the bow-shaped struts 17 with the belt bars 2, 3, 4 are welded.
  • each bow-shaped strut 17 is arranged between the at least two trained as Obergurt 6 and / or lower flange 7 strap rods 2, 3, 4. As in Fig. 3 shown in more detail, open the bow-shaped struts 17 with their V-shaped structure alternately to the upper flange 6 and the lower flange 7 out.
  • Fig. 7 indicates that the free ends 22, 23 overlap in the longitudinal direction immediately adjacent bow-shaped struts 17 in upright on upper flange 6 and lower flange 7 vertical direction 25.
  • the overlapping area 26 is preferably 3 to 8 mm. Embodiments are also possible in which the free ends of adjacent struts do not overlap. The mutual distance or the overlap of adjacent struts depends on the required rigidity of the lattice girder.
  • the overlapping region 26 is in the in Fig. 3 embodiment shown, but can also be realized there.
  • Lattice girder 1 shown in two different embodiments, in which top chord 6 and bottom chord 7 are each composed of two chord bars 2, 5 and 3, 4.
  • the upper belt 6 according to Fig. 6 is formed by two strap bars 2, 5 and the upper ends 16 of the straight struts 14 between the strap bars 2, 5 of the upper flange 6 are.
  • Fig. 1 and 5 can also be seen that the ends 15 and 16 of adjacent straight struts 14 are spaced from each other by the dimension 27. This is for example 70 mm.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 shown embodiment of the lattice girder 1 of those of 3 and 4 with the exception that upper chord 6 and lower chord 7 in the FIGS. 7 and 8 in the form of pairs of strap bars 2, 5 and 3, 4 are formed.
  • the free ends 22, 23 and the middle sections 20 with the bends 21 are arranged between those belt bars which form the upper belt 6 and the upper belt 7, respectively.
  • the free ends 22, 23 and the middle portions 20 in the embodiment according to the 3 and 4 which are welded to the belt bar 2 of the upper flange 6, arranged below the Gurtstabes 2. This also results from a comparison of Fig. 4 and 8th ,
  • the strap bars 2 to 5 may have a diameter of 16 to 40 mm, preferably 20 mm, and the stiffening elements 10 have a diameter of 10 to 40 mm, preferably 14 mm.
  • the diameter of the strap bars may be 40 mm and that of the stiffening elements may be 20 mm.
  • the total height of 30 in the FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrated lattice girder is exemplified 100, 120 or 145 mm, the length of the straight struts 120, 147 and 183 mm.
  • the total height of 30 in the FIGS. 7 and 8 shown lattice girder is also exemplified 100, 120 or 145 mm.
  • the total length of a bow-shaped strut 17 may be exemplified 320, 340 or 360 mm.
  • the symmetry axes of immediately successive bow-shaped Struts 17 also exemplify 320, 340 or 360 mm.
  • a lattice girder according to the invention it is also possible to form a lattice girder in such a way that it has both straight and bow-shaped, for example curved, struts and, to that extent, a combination of the example in FIGS Fig. 1 and 3 or in the Fig. 5 and 7 shown lattice girder represents.
  • the individual lattice girders may be connected as in conventional expansion lugs or lattice girders, for example via angle steel or Keilbolzentagenen or a flat steel connection, as shown in the EP 1 921 251 B1 is described.
  • the lattice girder according to the invention has a lower weight at higher strength (resistance moment). In particular, it is easy to calculate and design, as it extends only in one plane. For a lattice girder is created, which is formed more compact and stable than conventional lattice girders.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
EP15000650.0A 2014-03-20 2015-03-05 Support de grille Withdrawn EP2924189A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202014002499.5U DE202014002499U1 (de) 2014-03-20 2014-03-20 Gitterträger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2924189A2 true EP2924189A2 (fr) 2015-09-30
EP2924189A3 EP2924189A3 (fr) 2016-07-20

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ID=50679345

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15000650.0A Withdrawn EP2924189A3 (fr) 2014-03-20 2015-03-05 Support de grille

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EP (1) EP2924189A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE202014002499U1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109537473A (zh) * 2018-12-11 2019-03-29 佛山科学技术学院 一种大跨度桁梁桥悬拼装临时加固装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MY201715A (en) * 2016-03-15 2024-03-14 Andrew Thornton Structural member having paired flanges and web
US10465373B2 (en) 2016-07-28 2019-11-05 Cole David Kazuyuki TURNER Integrated structural member

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20205133U1 (de) 2002-04-03 2002-07-25 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG, 44793 Bochum Gitterträger für die Bewehrung von Betonkonstruktionen
EP1921251B1 (fr) 2006-11-08 2009-08-12 Tunnel-Ausbau-Technik GmbH Dispositif destiné au raccordement réciproque des extrémités longitudinales d'au moins deux poutres en treillis construites dans un tunnel
DE202012103456U1 (de) 2012-09-11 2012-09-28 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG Gitterträger

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2668606A (en) * 1948-06-09 1954-02-09 Jacksonville Steel Company Fabricated steel beam
DE822155C (de) * 1948-10-05 1951-11-22 Ernst Cvikl Geschweisster Gittertraeger aus Rundstahl, insbesondere Deckentraeger
GB1479468A (en) * 1974-10-30 1977-07-13 Tinsley Wire Ind Ltd Tunnels and shafts
US4253210A (en) * 1979-09-10 1981-03-03 Andre Racicot Metal truss structure
DE3304843C1 (de) * 1983-02-12 1984-06-28 Tunnel Ausbau Technik GmbH, 8036 Herrsching Als Gittertraeger ausgebildeter Kalottenfussbalken
US4836436A (en) * 1987-08-17 1989-06-06 Gerald McDonald Method of manufacturing a fabricated open web steel joist
KR100924470B1 (ko) * 2009-04-16 2009-11-03 주식회사 캬라반이에스 트러스 연결구조의 조립식 에이치빔
DE202012103457U1 (de) * 2012-09-11 2012-09-28 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG Gitterträger

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20205133U1 (de) 2002-04-03 2002-07-25 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG, 44793 Bochum Gitterträger für die Bewehrung von Betonkonstruktionen
EP1921251B1 (fr) 2006-11-08 2009-08-12 Tunnel-Ausbau-Technik GmbH Dispositif destiné au raccordement réciproque des extrémités longitudinales d'au moins deux poutres en treillis construites dans un tunnel
DE202012103456U1 (de) 2012-09-11 2012-09-28 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co. KG Gitterträger

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109537473A (zh) * 2018-12-11 2019-03-29 佛山科学技术学院 一种大跨度桁梁桥悬拼装临时加固装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202014002499U1 (de) 2014-04-17
EP2924189A3 (fr) 2016-07-20

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