EP2925469B1 - Réacteur sous pression pour la production de matériaux à porosité dirigée - Google Patents

Réacteur sous pression pour la production de matériaux à porosité dirigée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2925469B1
EP2925469B1 EP14732942.9A EP14732942A EP2925469B1 EP 2925469 B1 EP2925469 B1 EP 2925469B1 EP 14732942 A EP14732942 A EP 14732942A EP 2925469 B1 EP2925469 B1 EP 2925469B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crystallizer
crucible
pressure chamber
producing materials
pressure reactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14732942.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2925469A1 (fr
Inventor
Jerzy Jozef SOBCZAK
Natalia SOBCZAK
Piotr Dlugosz
Pawel Darlak
Vladimir Shapovalov
Ludmila BOJKO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Instytut Odlewnictwa
Original Assignee
Instytut Odlewnictwa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Instytut Odlewnictwa filed Critical Instytut Odlewnictwa
Publication of EP2925469A1 publication Critical patent/EP2925469A1/fr
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Publication of EP2925469B1 publication Critical patent/EP2925469B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
    • B22D25/005—Casting metal foams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/006—Casting by filling the mould through rotation of the mould together with a molten metal holding recipient, about a common axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
    • B22D27/13—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure making use of gas pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/15—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/02—Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere
    • B22D21/025—Casting heavy metals with high melting point, i.e. 1000 - 1600 degrees C, e.g. Co 1490 degrees C, Ni 1450 degrees C, Mn 1240 degrees C, Cu 1083 degrees C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
    • C22C1/083—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/086—Gas foaming process

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure reactor for producing materials having directed porosity.
  • a device known from FR2208743 A1 for producing porous materials is constructed of a pressure chamber in which a crucible or a pot is arranged which is placed in a water-cooled metal mould.
  • the mould is covered from a top with a cover provided with a gas drain hole and from the bottom it is provided with an opening for injecting of a gas.
  • the pressure chamber is fed with a pressurized gas, and a high pressure gas is injected into the liquid molten metal placed in the crucible.
  • gas saturated metal enters into the mould, wherein at the same time the gas is evacuated from the pressure chamber and a solidification of the metal occurs. At the same time the gas also is released from the metal leaving pores that are created in this manner.
  • a device known from the patent US5181549 A for producing porous materials comprises a pressure autoclave provided with covers and a pressurised gas supply, inside of which autoclave a crucible or a ladle and a mould are coaxially permanently mounted.
  • the crucible which is surrounded by a heating element, is provided with an upper charging door or opening and a bottom drain hole.
  • a layer of elevated thermal conductivity is arranged in side walls or bottom wall of the mould.
  • a drain hole is arranged in the bottom of the crucible, above the mould.
  • a process for producing porous materials consists in that the autoclave, after the crucible is loaded with a charge material, is supplied with the gas mixture comprising hydrogen.
  • a hydrogen having determined partial pressure is fed that hydrogen is then dissolved in the charge material.
  • the molten and saturated with the hydrogen charge material is discharged through the drain hole into the mould.
  • a predetermined gas pressure is generated and the material solidifies and, depending on the arrangement and localization of the layer having higher thermal conductivity, a porous material with axially oriented pores or radialy oriented pores is obtained.
  • the invention known from the patent DE 19607805 C1 concerns an apparatus for melting and casting of metals in molds under vacuum with a heatable crucible that has an open end.
  • the crucible is connected with a mold which has a filling opening whereby crucible and mold can be tilted jointly around a horizontal swiveling axis into a tilting position in which the melt can be transferred from the crucible into the mold.
  • the apparatus is characterized by the features like these: the mold is located in a vacuum-sealed casting chamber and is located with its downward-facing filling opening in the melting position on the open end of the crucible; the open end of the crucible is surrounded by a flanged edge which forms a gas-impermeable flange connection with the casting chamber; the crucible is surrounded by an induction coil outside of the vacuum and the crucible, induction coil, casting chamber and mold can be rotated together by at least 180 degrees by means of a hollow shaft.
  • the invention also concerns a process for melting and casting metals in molds wherein the melting takes place in a heated crucible on which a mold with a filling opening facing downwards is located.
  • the smelting unit is composed of a magnesia crucible surrounded by an induction coil.
  • the solidifying unit is composed of a water-cooled copper chiller at the bottom and a stainless steel mold surrounded by a graphite heater.
  • the pressure reactor according to the invention for producing materials having directed porosity consisting of a pressure chamber provided with a gas inlet valve and covers detachably connected to it is characteristic by the pressure chamber connected to the vacuum installation having an external cooling jacket, wherein further inside of the pressure chamber a removable and replaceable, retractable, demountable crystallizer is attached to one its cover, while to the other cover retractable melting furnace with an internal removable crucible is attached.
  • a heater having a form of a heating element encapsulated with insulation in a form of ceramic beads is provided between the inner housing of the melting furnace and the crucible.
  • the drain hole of the crucible of the melting furnace is directed toward the inlet filling hole of the crystallizer.
  • An intermediate element is provided between the melting furnace and the crystallizer.
  • the pressure chamber is mounted rotatably on a supporting frame in the manner allowing its rotation around its transverse axis passing through the centre of the symmetry.
  • Thermoelements are arranged in the melting furnace and in the crystallizer.
  • the pressure chamber is made in a shape of a seamless tube.
  • the intermediate element is in the form of a conical funnel.
  • the retractable and removable crystallizer is constructed in such a manner that the base thereof is made of a material having the high thermal conductivity, and the side walls are made of insulating material or in such a manner that the base is made of the insulating material and the side walls are made of a material having high thermal conductivity.
  • the base of the crystallizer is in direct contact with the cover or an additional insulating material is provided between the cover and the base of the crystallizer.
  • an external cooling jacket prevents overheating of the pressure chamber, prevents uncontrolled heat losses and provides precise temperature control, allowing operating the process under isothermal conditions.
  • Rotation of the apparatus around its own horizontal axis makes possible to use of the crucible having only one opening which is designated, first of all to fill in the crucible with the charge material, and after following melting of the charge material and rotation of the pressure chamber, the said opening serves to supply the crystallizer with liquid metal, allowing for quick and direct feeding of the crystallizer with liquid metal.
  • an intermediate element between the crystallizer and the crucible ensures minimum heat loss and also provides a laminar flow of the metal from the crucible of the furnace into the crystallizer and prevents splashing of the metal inside the pressure chamber.
  • the flexible construction of the heater of the crucible makes possible shaping of the heating element in any desired manner, and allows to remove the crucible from the melting furnace.
  • thermocouples in the melting furnace and in the crystallizer allows for precise and controlled conducting the process for producing materials having directed porosity, that results in significant reduction in the amount of defective materials and an increase in a quality of the produced materials.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized by safety operation and a stability of casting parameters thanks to the tight, hermetic chamber that are used and the isothermicity of the process.
  • porous materials of plastics, non-ferrous metals, non-ferrous metal alloys, ferrous alloys and ceramics are cast.
  • the pressure reactor for producing materials having directed porosity according to the invention in an embodiment is presented in the drawing fig.1 .
  • the pressure reactor for producing materials having directed porosity is constructed of a pressure chamber 1 with the outer cooling jacket 2. Inside the pressure chamber 1 made in the shape of the seamless tube, the removable, demountable crystallizer 4 is attached to one cover, while to the second cover 5 the melting furnace 6 with the inner, removable and replaceable crucible 7 is attached.
  • the heater 16 in the form of a heating element encapsulated with insulation 17 in a form of ceramic beads is provided between the inner housing of the melting furnace 6 and the crucible 7.
  • the drain hole 8 of the crucible 7 is directed towards the filling inlet hole 9 of the crystallizer 4.
  • the intermediate element 10 in the form of a conical funnel is fastened between the melting furnace 6 and the crystallizer 4; which the intermediate element 10 of the shape of the conical funnel with its larger diameter adhers to the drain hole 8 of the crucible 7 and with the smaller diameter is directed towards the filling hole 9 of the crystallizer 4.
  • the pressure chamber 1 is provided with a vacuum valve 19 and a working gas supplying valve 20.
  • the pressure chamber 1 is mounted rotatably in a supporting frame 11 in a manner allowing its rotation around the transverse axis passing through its centre of the symmetry.
  • the base 12 of the crystallizer 4 is made of a material having high thermal conductivity, while the side walls 13 of the crystallizer 4 are made of insulating material.
  • An additional insulation material 15 is provided between the base 12 of the crystallizer 4 and the cover 3.
  • the crucible 7 of the melting furnace 6 and the crystallizer 4 are equipped with thermocouples 14 and 18 for measuring the temperature of the charge material and of the cast material.
  • a method for producing materials having directed porosity in a pressure reactor according to the invention :

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Réacteur à fluide sous pression produisant des matériaux d'une porosité ciblée, se composant d'une chambre pressurisée munie d'une vanne alimentant en gaz et des couvercles liés avec elle séparément se caractérisant du fait que branchée à une installation à vide (19), la chambre pressurisée (1) possède une chemise de refroidissement externe (2), et à l'intérieur de la chambre pressurisée (1) à un couvercle (3) on a fixé une lingotière sortante, remplaçable et démontable (4), et à un second couvercle (5) on a fixé un four de fusion sortant (6) avec un creuset interne remplaçable (7), par contre entre l'enveloppe interne du four de fusion et le creuset (7) se trouve un élément chauffant (16) sous forme d'un élément chauffant enveloppé d'un isolement (17) sous forme des perles en céramique et un orifice de vidange (8) du creuset (7) orienté vers un orifice de remplissage (() de la lingotière (4), par contre entre le four de fusion (5) et la lingotière (4) on a fixé un élément intermédiaire (10), et la chambré pressurisée (1) est fixée dans la charpente (11) de façon à permettre la rotation autour de l'axe transversale traversant son centre de symétrie.
  2. Réacteur à fluide sous pression produisant des matériaux d'une porosité ciblée conformément à la revendication 1 se caractérisant du fait que la chambre pressurisée (1) est réalisée en forme d'un tuyaux sans cordon de soudure.
  3. Réacteur à fluide sous pression produisant des matériaux d'une porosité ciblée conformément à la revendication 1 se caractérisant du fait que l'élément intermédiaire (10) est en forme d'un entonnoir conique.
  4. Réacteur à fluide sous pression produisant des matériaux d'une porosité ciblée conformément à la revendication 1 se caractérisant du fait que la lingotière (4) est construite d'une telle façon que la base (12) est réalisée en matériaux de conductivité thermique élevée, et les parois latérales (13) d'un matériau d'isolement ou de façon que la base (12) est réalisée en matériau d'isolement et les parois latérales (13) en matériau de conductivité thermique élevée.
  5. Réacteur à fluide sous pression produisant des matériaux d'une porosité ciblée conformément à la revendication 1 se caractérisant du fait que la base (12) de la lingotière (4) est en contact direct avec le couvercle (3) ou entre le couvercle (3) et la base (12) de la lingotière (4) se trouve un matériau d'isolement supplémentaire (15).
  6. Réacteur à fluide sous pression produisant des matériaux d'une porosité ciblée conformément à la revendication 1 se caractérisant du fait que dans le four de fusion (6) et dans la lingotière (4) sont placés des éléments thermiques (14) et (18).
EP14732942.9A 2013-10-24 2014-05-27 Réacteur sous pression pour la production de matériaux à porosité dirigée Not-in-force EP2925469B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL405760A PL230400B1 (pl) 2013-10-24 2013-10-24 Reaktor ciśnieniowy wytwarzający materiały o ukierunkowanej porowatości
PCT/IB2014/000905 WO2015059531A1 (fr) 2013-10-24 2014-05-27 Réacteur sous pression pour la production de matériaux à porosité dirigée

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2925469A1 EP2925469A1 (fr) 2015-10-07
EP2925469B1 true EP2925469B1 (fr) 2017-07-05

Family

ID=51014575

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14732942.9A Not-in-force EP2925469B1 (fr) 2013-10-24 2014-05-27 Réacteur sous pression pour la production de matériaux à porosité dirigée

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20160008880A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2925469B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112015008493A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2886546C (fr)
PL (1) PL230400B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015059531A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2605720C9 (ru) * 2015-11-11 2017-07-27 Андрей Витальевич Елисеев Способ производства металлургических заготовок с пористой структурой и устройство для его осуществления
CN106914606B (zh) * 2017-02-17 2019-05-24 上海交通大学 一种铸造加压凝固半连续生产装置及方法
WO2021161255A1 (fr) * 2020-02-13 2021-08-19 Junora Ltd Systèmes et procédés pour couler des cibles de pulvérisation
CN114752777B (zh) * 2022-05-27 2025-11-21 辽宁卓越真空设备有限公司 电渣炉

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3036187A (en) * 1960-12-20 1962-05-22 Electrothermal Eng Ltd Flexible electric heater
FR2208743A1 (en) 1972-10-09 1974-06-28 Air Liquide Foamed metal prodn. using hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide - prod. used in contruction of buildings, cars and aeroplanes
US4464565A (en) * 1983-03-16 1984-08-07 Spangler Glenn C Extensible tape heater
US4966222A (en) * 1989-10-05 1990-10-30 Paton Boris E Method of and apparatus for producing shaped castings
US5181549A (en) * 1991-04-29 1993-01-26 Dmk Tek, Inc. Method for manufacturing porous articles
DE19607805C1 (de) * 1996-03-01 1997-07-17 Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen und Gießen von Metallen in Formen
JP4245212B2 (ja) * 1998-12-14 2009-03-25 株式会社デンケン 歯科技工用反転式加圧鋳造方法及びその装置
US20140110077A1 (en) * 2012-10-23 2014-04-24 United Technologies Corporation Casting Process and Apparatus

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015059531A1 (fr) 2015-04-30
PL230400B1 (pl) 2018-10-31
CA2886546A1 (fr) 2015-04-24
US20160008880A1 (en) 2016-01-14
PL405760A1 (pl) 2015-04-27
BR112015008493A2 (pt) 2017-12-26
CA2886546C (fr) 2017-09-05
EP2925469A1 (fr) 2015-10-07

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