Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
  • E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
  • E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
  • E21B49/087—Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters
  • E21B49/088—Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters combined with sampling
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
  • E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
  • E21B49/081—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells with down-hole means for trapping a fluid sample

Definitions

• the invention relates to the technical field of the exploitation of underground environment, such as the exploitation of a gas tank (storage / withdrawal of gas, gas exploitation) and the monitoring of these operations (contamination of operations on aquifers).
• the invention relates to the field of geological site monitoring of gas storage, such as carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) or methane.
• the invention relates to fluid sampling devices, and more particularly to a device for sampling fluids under pressure in a well, a pipe, tube, pipe or the like.
• Fluids in wells often need to be removed to determine their composition, in order to characterize the geological reservoirs reached by the well. This is particularly the case for geological site monitoring of gas storage.
• sampler For sampling fluids under pressure in a well drilled through a geological formation.
• sampler For sampling fluids under pressure in a well drilled through a geological formation.
• FTS Flow Through Sampler
• US594561 1A discloses a device for sampling fluids under pressure in a pipe, pipe, conduit or the like.
• This device comprises a plurality of pistons, a body having a common passage, wherein said pistons are slidably mounted, a lateral inlet and a lateral outlet located inside said passageway and communicating with the pipeline, said orifices inlet and outlet located so that the movement of the pistons can cover and discover said inlet and outlet ports.
• Patent US5896926 discloses a subterranean aquifer fluid sampling device in situ in a static condition without disturbing the environment but comprising a "packer” for isolating the sampling system with the zone situated above it and a pumping system in situ in said sampler to "suck" the fluid into the sampling chamber.
• the object of the invention relates to a device for sampling pressurized fluids from a well, making it possible to sample a fluid under pressure by ensuring a complete filling of a sampling chamber, and a transfer of the fluid out of the chamber by controlling the pressure.
• the device comprises firstly a piston controlled by a spring bathed in an oil chamber to sample the fluid, and secondly, a second piston for expelling the fluid during transfer.
• the device is held in the open or closed position by the compressed spring housed in the chamber filled with oil.
• the oil contained in the chamber of the spring makes it possible to dampen the decompression effect and to perform the sampling smoothly.
• the device allows the recovery of sampled fluid through the mechanical action of a solid piston through a manual valve.
• This design eliminates mercury systems or fluid piston system, and recover all or part of the fluid under controlled pressure conditions.
• this design eliminates a clearing chamber and an oil chamber as used in almost all known samplers.
• the invention relates to a device for sampling fluids under pressure from a well, comprising a sampling chamber (01) defining a internal volume for receiving the fluid, a body (10, 03, 08) surmounting said sample chamber, circulation means for circulating the fluid in said chamber, holding means for holding the fluid in said chamber, and transfer means for transferring the fluid out of said chamber.
• the holding means comprise a first piston (05) adapted to allow or prohibit the entry of fluid into the lower part of the chamber (01), the first piston being displaced by means comprising an elastic element (20) placed in a room filled with oil;
• the transfer means comprise means for controlling the descent of a second piston (02) from the upper part to the lower part of the chamber, so that the fluid remains at constant pressure in the chamber (01).
• the first piston (05) can be connected to the elastic element (20) by a rectilinear element (04, 07), so that when the elastic element (20) is compressed, the rectilinear element pushes the first piston (05) out of a sampling chamber (01) allowing a fluid to enter the sampling chamber (01). And when the elastic element (20) is expanded, the rectilinear element cooperates with the second piston (02) to seal the sampling chamber (01) in its upper part, and the rectilinear element goes back first. piston (05) for sealingly closing the sampling chamber (01) in its lower part.
• the rectilinear element comprises a rod (04), the second piston (02) has a central orifice allowing an upper part of the rod (04) to slide, and allowing a tight closure with a lower part. of the rod (04), the diameter of the lower part of the rod (04) being greater than that of the upper part.
• the sampling chamber (01) can be closed in its lower part by a nozzle (06) provided with at least a first orifice, the nozzle (06) having a length allowing the first piston (05) to enter a fluid in the sampling chamber (01) via the first port, when the elastic member (20) is compressed.
• the circulation means may comprise at least a first fluid outlet orifice in the upper part of the chamber and at least a second orifice on the end piece (06).
• the body (10, 03, 08) may comprise at least one tube (10, 03, 08), the body comprising the elastic element (20) and means (07, 22, 09, 23) for expanding or compressing the tube.
• elastic element (20) The means (07, 22, 09, 23) for expanding or compressing the elastic element (20) may comprise a slotted shell (09) slidably mounted in the body (10, 03, 08) and cooperating with a handle (23) for compressing or releasing the elastic member (20).
• the means (07, 22, 09, 23) for expanding or compressing the elastic element (20) can be connected to an electric motor or a clock (24).
• the electric motor or the clock (24) can be positioned in a tube (1 1) having a needle valve (26) and a high pressure connection to fill the chamber of the elastic member (20) with oil.
• the elastic member (20) may be a spring or a set of Belleville washers.
• a transfer piston (12) can be mounted so as to push the second piston (02), the transfer piston (12) being hollow and adapted so that the rod (04) slides on the inside.
• the tip (06) can be removed from said sampling chamber (01), and replace with a nozzle (13) without an orifice for maintaining said first piston (05) within said chamber.
• the first piston (05) can be equipped with a needle valve (25) and a high pressure connection for discharging the fluid out of the sampling chamber (01).
• the invention also relates to a use of the device according to one of the preceding claims, in which a monitoring of the exploitation of an underground geological site by sampling of fluid under pressure by means of a monitoring well, characterized in what we do the following steps:
• the handle is actuated so as to compress the elastic element
• the device is lowered, in the "open” position, in the monitoring well, by means of a cable attached to the upper part of the device;
• the device is left in the "open" position for a determined duration
• the handle is actuated so as to release the elastic element, the device moving into the "closed” position;
• the operation of an underground geological site may consist of the monitoring of a C0 2 geological storage site, or the monitoring of a natural gas storage / removal site, or the monitoring of a site exploitation of shale gas.
• FIG. 1 illustrates the device in the "open" position.
• the figure on the right is a section along the A-A axis of the figure on the left.
• FIG. 3 illustrates the device in the "closed" position.
• the figure of the middle is a section along the axis B-B of the figure on the left, and the figure on the right is a section along the axis C-C of the middle figure.
• FIG. 5 represents the upper part of the device
• FIG. 7 illustrates the position in "transfer" mode.
• the figure of the middle is a section along the axis A-A of the figure on the left with the chamber filled with fluid, and the figure on the right is a section along the axis A-A of the figure on the left with the chamber emptied.
• FIGS 8, 9 and 10 illustrate 3D views of the device.
• the device according to the invention for withdrawing fluids under pressure is based on the principle of so-called FTS (Flow Through Sampler) samplers, in which the well liquid circulates freely inside the device.
• FTS Flow Through Sampler
• FIG. 1 to 10 illustrates the device according to the invention for drawing fluids under pressure.
• the device comprises at least: a sampling chamber (01)
• Transfer means for transferring fluid out of said chamber
• the holding means comprise a first piston (05) adapted to allow or prohibit the entry of fluid into the lower part of said chamber (01), said first piston being moved by means comprising an elastic element (20) placed in a chamber filled with oil within said body and connected to said piston by a rod (04).
• the transfer means comprise means for controlling the descent of a second piston (02) from the upper part to the lower part of said chamber, so that said fluid remains at constant pressure in said chamber (01) .
• Figure 1 illustrates the device in the "open” position.
• the figure on the right is a section along the A-A axis of the figure on the left.
• Figure 2 shows the lower part of the device.
• Figure 3 illustrates the device in the "closed” position.
• the figure of the middle is a section along the axis B-B of the figure on the left, and the figure on the right is a section along the axis C-C of the middle figure.
• Figure 4 shows the central part of the device.
• the device according to the invention comprises ( Figure 1) a sampling chamber (01). This chamber has the function of receiving the pressurized fluid (in background condition).
• the sampling chamber may comprise a shell (01) defining an internal volume for receiving the fluid.
• the lower part of the chamber (01) can be screwed into a lower nozzle (06) having at least one orifice to let in the fluid.
• the upper part of the chamber (01) is screwed into a body (10, 03, 08).
• the chamber also has an orifice in its upper part, so as to circulate the fluid within the chamber: the fluid enters through the lower opening of the chamber, or through the orifice of the lower nozzle (06), and spring at the orifice of the chamber in its upper part.
• the body comprises a chamber filled with oil in which a resilient element (20) is embedded.
• This elastic element may be a spring or a set of washers Beautiful city. It is connected via a spacer (07) and a rod (04) to a lower piston (05).
• This piston (05) is adapted to allow or prohibit the entry of the fluid under pressure into the lower part of the chamber (01). To do this, in the high position, the piston (05) is positioned at least partially in the chamber (01), at its lower end, it mouth the inlet tightly (the piston has joints for example). In the low position, the piston leaves the chamber (01), allowing the fluid to enter. When the chamber (01) is provided with a lower nozzle (06), this nozzle (06) has a length allowing the lower piston (5) out of the chamber, and thus, to let a fluid into the chamber sampling (01) via the orifice.
• the rod (04) pushes (with the spacer (07)) the lower piston (05) out of the sampling chamber (01). ) so as to allow a fluid to enter the chamber.
• the rod (04) raises the lower piston (05) to seal the sampling chamber (01) in its lower part.
• the lower piston (05) can be equipped with a needle valve (25) and a high pressure connection for discharging the fluid from the sampling chamber (01). when the device is reassembled, and that the fluid sample must be analyzed.
• a second piston (02), said upper piston, is positioned in the chamber (01) at its upper end when the fluid is not transferred out of the chamber.
• This upper piston (02) is adapted to slide in the chamber, from one end to another. It has a central orifice, allowing an upper part of the rod (04) to slide, and allowing a tight closure with a lower part of the rod (04), the diameter of the lower part of the rod (04) being greater to that of the upper part.
• the rod (04) cooperates with the upper piston (02) to seal said sampling chamber (01) in its upper part.
• the rod (04) has a shoulder which closes the hole of the upper piston (02).
• This upper piston (02) can be locked by appropriate locking screws (27).
• the chamber can be closed at its upper part by a body member (10, 03, 08), called the connecting tube (10).
• This junction tube is attached to an upper tube (08) via another tube (03).
• the upper tube (08) comprises the elastic element (20) and means (07, 22, 09, 23) for relaxing or compressing it.
• These means include: - a spring support spacer (07) with a stud (21) and its nuts (22);
• Figure 5 shows the upper part of the device.
• the means (07, 22, 09, 23) for expanding or compressing said elastic member (20) are connected to an electric motor or clock (24).
• This motor part is located in a housing tube (1 1), which is fixed to the body (10, 03, 08), at the upper tube (08).
• This motor portion is surmounted by a hooked part (14) to be able to attach the device to a cable and down into a well.
• the motor or the clock cooperates with the handle by means of an axis.
• the housing tube (1 1) is equipped with a needle valve (26) and a high pressure connection to fill the spring chamber with oil.
• the device according to the invention comprises closing aid means (not shown) for discharging from the chamber (01) a portion of the fluid removed, during the ascent of the lower piston (05), so as to that the fluid does not hinder the closure.
• the fluid under pressure circulates freely within the sampling chamber (01).
• the spring (20) is armed and maintained at a certain level (80% for example) of its compression by a handle (23) connected to the axis of the motor (or clock).
• the lower piston (05) is in the low position.
• the well fluid thus circulates freely through the sampling chamber (during the descent of the sampler in the well, for example).
• the fluid passes through the orifices of the nozzle (06), the fluid rises in the chamber and passes between the rod (04) and the upper piston (02).
• a set of holes and openings allows the fluid to flow through the orifices (oblong openings) of the ferrule (01).
• the shaded areas in Figure 6 indicate the presence of the fluid.
• the orifices (oblong openings) of the chamber (01) and the tip (06) are equipped with a grid (with a mesh of 80 ⁇ for example) for sieving the solid particles of the fluid.
• the spring (20) is released.
• the handle (23) turns and as soon as it has 1 ⁇ 4 turn, it is found at the opening of the shell (09).
• the spring (20) is then released and relaxes carrying with it: the spacer (07), the rod (04) and the lower piston (05). As the chamber of the spring is filled with oil, this rise is done smoothly and does not disturb the fluid taken.
• the piston (05) is found in the lower part of the shell (01) and sealing is provided in the lower part of the sampling chamber.
• the rod (04) which seals on the upper piston (02) thanks to the larger diameter at the base of the rod.
• the fluid sample is insulated and sealed. The sampler can be raised to the surface.
• a surface operator operates the electric motor (24) at the desired time.
• This motor turns the handle (23).
• a clock embedded and autonomous activates the handle (23) at the date and time programmed.
• Figure 7 illustrates the position in "transfer” mode.
• the figure of the middle is a section along the axis A-A of the figure on the left with the chamber filled with fluid
• the figure on the right is a section along the axis A-A of the figure on the left with the chamber emptied.
• FIGS 8, 9 and 10 illustrate 3D views of the device.
• the invention also relates to a method of monitoring the exploitation of an underground geological site. It can be:
• the use of the device according to the invention for carrying out monitoring of the operation of an underground geological site by sampling fluid under pressure by means of a monitoring well, then comprises the following steps:
• the handle is actuated so as to compress the elastic element
• the device is lowered, in the "open” position, in the monitoring well, by means of a cable attached to the upper part of the device;
• the device is left in the "open" position for a determined duration
• the handle is actuated so as to release the elastic element, the device moving into the "closed” position;
• analyzes of the collected fluid are carried out such as: analysis of cationic and anionic aqueous species, analysis of so-called “trace” elements, analyzes of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon, analyzes of dissolved gases (major and rare gases).
• This device has the advantage of being able to be lowered into the open position in the underground environment, so as to overcome the problems of opening in the underground environment and to allow complete filling of the sampling chamber.
• the set of analyzes is interpreted and makes it possible to determine in particular whether a leakage of C0 2 is present at the storage site and what type of leakage is involved.
• a surface operator operates the electric motor (24) at the desired time. This motor turns the handle (23).
• An on-board, stand-alone clock activates the handle (23) at the scheduled date and time.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
• Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2012
  • 2012-12-07 FR FR1203329A patent/FR2999224B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2013
  • 2013-10-31 PL PL13805449T patent/PL2929143T3/pl unknown
  • 2013-10-31 EP EP13805449.9A patent/EP2929143B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2013-10-31 RU RU2015127084/03A patent/RU2603646C1/ru active
  • 2013-10-31 WO PCT/FR2013/052614 patent/WO2014087061A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2013-10-31 CA CA2892653A patent/CA2892653C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-10-31 US US14/649,927 patent/US9644479B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-10-31 MX MX2015007088A patent/MX357679B/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2013-10-31 CN CN201380063656.1A patent/CN104838089B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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