EP2954208B1 - Compresseur à piston asymétrique - Google Patents

Compresseur à piston asymétrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2954208B1
EP2954208B1 EP13811195.0A EP13811195A EP2954208B1 EP 2954208 B1 EP2954208 B1 EP 2954208B1 EP 13811195 A EP13811195 A EP 13811195A EP 2954208 B1 EP2954208 B1 EP 2954208B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
reciprocating
cylinder
seal
axis
Prior art date
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Application number
EP13811195.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2954208A1 (fr
Inventor
Christopher Zaum
Rainer Detering
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Continental Reifen Deutschland GmbH
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Continental Reifen Deutschland GmbH
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Priority to PL13811195T priority Critical patent/PL2954208T3/pl
Publication of EP2954208A1 publication Critical patent/EP2954208A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/01—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being mechanical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/02—Packing the free space between cylinders and pistons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reciprocating compressor, in particular a reciprocating compressor for a portable small compressor unit, with a piston driven by a slider-crank drive and a piston movable back and forth in a cylinder and sealed against the cylinder wall, the slider-crank drive being a crank wheel with an eccentric crank pin arranged on a crankshaft as well as a connecting rod arranged between the piston and the crank pin, the piston or piston crown being arranged fixed to the connecting rod axis.
  • Such reciprocating compressors are usually driven by small, high-speed electric motors, which mesh with a corresponding external toothing of the crank wheel via a pinion on their output shaft.
  • Small compressor units are often required for so-called “breakdown kits", i.e. for breakdown assistance systems, in particular for the temporary sealing and re-inflation of vehicle tires after air loss. Often other functions are available or can be used by switching, such as using the compressor alone when inflating air mattresses or rubber boats. Both in the manufacture and in the assembly of such small, but high-speed compressors, there should be as little effort as possible and thus cost-intensive manufacturing methods and materials should be avoided, which often leads to the use of simple and lightweight plastics for all kinds of components, including the piston.
  • a rotationally symmetrical piston is usually used in a rotationally symmetrical cylinder.
  • pistons and cylinders also have a different cross section together. According to the U.S. 4,765,292 this can also be oval or elliptical, for example.
  • the problem of the reduced sealing ability in the middle range of motion of a piston compressor is prevented by the fact that the axis of the crankshaft of the counterweight designed as a counterweight is offset from the axis of the cylinder so that in the middle range of motion of the compression stroke there is no deviation of the axis of symmetry of the piston from the Axis of symmetry of the cylinder is present and then a maximum sealability is given at this point in time.
  • this solution accepts a reduced sealing ability between piston and cylinder in the dead centers, since the piston inclination is then pronounced.
  • the one in the FR 2 752 269 A1 The device described can also be used as a vacuum pump if the direction of rotation of the counterweight is changed.
  • Disadvantages here are the costly manufacture of pistons with connecting rods and cylinders and the necessary inclination-correct assembly of the piston.
  • the cylinder base or the inside of the cylinder head must also be designed to be inclined so that sufficient compression takes place and so that the inclined piston does not hit the cylinder head and be damaged at TDC.
  • the object of the invention was to provide a reciprocating compressor, in particular for a high-speed small compressor within portable / transportable devices, which despite simple manufacture without a piston joint and despite the use of inexpensive materials, a high compression ratio and a high delivery volume even with a kinematic during the lifting movement existing piston inclination and avoids leaks during the stroke movement.
  • the piston and / or the cylinder are designed in such a way that the sickle-shaped gaps between the piston edge and the cylinder wall that arise during the respective stroke movement due to the relative inclination between the piston axis and the cylinder axis can be sealed.
  • a piston in a cylinder can be moved around several axes, the piston shape is aligned with the cylinder due to the relationship between the shape of the piston and the shape of the cylinder. This is the case in TDC and also in BDC when the piston axis and cylinder axis essentially coincide. If this alignment with maximum sealing capability cannot be maintained over the entire range of movement of the piston, a periodic piston movement also leads to a periodic change in the sealing capability between piston and cylinder. During the movement of the piston through the central movement area, the inclination of the piston creates sickle-shaped gaps between the piston wall and the cylinder wall.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the piston, also understood here as an entire assembly with piston seal, and / or the cylinder seal the sickle-shaped gaps through their geometrical or material-technical design or through accessories.
  • the inventive training made it possible to achieve an increase in performance of up to 20% compared to devices from the prior art.
  • the piston or piston head is arranged perpendicular to the connecting rod axis.
  • the piston has an oval-elliptical shape deviating from the circular shape, by means of which the sickle-shaped gaps can be at least partially compensated, the piston being designed so, for example, elastically flexible, compressible or geometrically flexible, that during the entire stroke movement and in the dead centers an elastic seal takes place between the piston and the cylinder wall, of course, in particular with the aid of the elastic or compressible annular piston seal.
  • a simple static-geometric change in the shape or contour of the piston achieves not only an improved seal during the compression stroke also in the middle range of motion, thus a higher compression ratio and also a larger delivery volume, but also a secure seal during the entire idle stroke.
  • the solution according to the invention thus also offers the advantage that the reciprocating compressor can also be connected downstream of a precompressor due to the secure sealing of the reciprocating piston compressor, which is also present during the idle stroke, that is to say that already precompressed charge air can be applied. This increases the compression ratio again significantly.
  • the piston according to the invention is of course designed with its oval-elliptical shape deviating from the circular shape in such a way that the large semi-axis is arranged perpendicular or essentially perpendicular to the shaft of the crank wheel.
  • the piston has an oval-elliptical shape, in which the length of the small semiaxis is at least 80% of the length of the major semiaxis.
  • such a training is advantageous in that the piston has an oval-elliptical shape, whose small semi-axis 31.7 2 mm and whose major semi-axis has a length of 32.1 2 mm.
  • the piston has an oval-elliptical shape, whose small semi-axis 31.7 2 mm and whose major semi-axis has a length of 32.1 2 mm.
  • the piston has a circular shape and the annular piston seal has a varying thickness, in which the maximum thickness is arranged and designed so that the sickle-shaped gaps can be compensated, wherein the piston seal is designed so that an elastic There is a seal between the piston and the cylinder wall.
  • the cylinder has an oval-elliptical shape deviating from the circular shape in its central compression area, through which the sickle-shaped gaps can be at least partially compensated, the annular piston seal being designed so that during the entire stroke movement and in an elastic seal between the piston and the cylinder wall takes place at the dead centers.
  • the additional machining effort required for this on the cylinder is justifiable, especially in the case of cast cylinders, if the pistons, which are usually made of plastic, can be used as cheap standard parts and the cylinder can be reused if necessary.
  • a further advantageous embodiment consists in that the compensation of the sickle-shaped gap on the piston and / or on the seal is effected by adjusting elements on the piston, in particular by resilient elements or by elements that are acted upon by a pressure medium.
  • the adaptation takes place dynamically and in a directional manner, depending on the design of the sickle-shaped gap between the cylinder and piston contour, by means of design measures or additional design elements. This procedure enables, among other things, the achievement of the maximum sealing ability at more than just one point in time of the periodic piston movement.
  • a further advantageous embodiment consists in that the resilient elements are arranged in the piston body, in particular by means of resilient circumferential webs which are formed over a partial circumference of the piston by kidney-shaped recesses that are concave towards the center of the piston
  • a further advantageous embodiment consists in that the compensation of the sickle-shaped gap on the piston and / or on the seal takes place by means of inserted shaped elements (intermediate elements).
  • the advantage here is that only in the Areas of the piston circumference in which the gaps arise, additional elements are introduced which, for. B. spread the seal accordingly or press on resiliently.
  • the invention creates a reciprocating compressor that has very high pressure and delivery rates with the simplest construction, even with small sizes, such a reciprocating compressor is, as already mentioned, particularly suitable for a portable breakdown assistance system for sealing and pumping up inflatable objects, in particular Tires, wherein the breakdown assistance system includes a container for an automatic sealant that can be filled into the inflatable object, a valve and distributor unit for sealant and compressed gas and connection means between the valve and distributor unit and the inflatable object, means for supplying energy and switching and / or control devices for the Includes operation of the system and is equipped with a pressurized gas source in the form of a compressor.
  • the Fig. 1 shows in the form of a schematic diagram a reciprocating compressor 1 of a portable breakdown assistance system for sealing and inflating tires with a piston 3 driven by a slider crank drive and a piston 3 that is movable back and forth in a cylinder 2 and sealed against the cylinder wall, the slider crank drive being a piston 3 arranged on a crankshaft Crank wheel 4 with an eccentric crank pin 5 and a connecting rod 6 arranged between the piston 3 and the crank pin 5, the piston 3 or piston head 7 being arranged stationary perpendicular to the connecting rod axis 8, so that the connecting rod axis 8 and piston axis 9 match.
  • the right part of the Fig. 1 shows the reciprocating compressor 1 with its piston 3 in TDC, the left part shows the reciprocating compressor 1 with its piston 3 during the compression stroke.
  • the sealing ability normally decreases, because a deviation of the symmetry axis of the piston, i.e. in this case the connecting rod and piston axis 8, 9 from the symmetry axis of the cylinder 10, the so-called piston inclination is expressed and the piston seal does not fit optimally the cylinder wall is given more.
  • the large semi-axis 14 of the oval-elliptical piston head has a length of 32.1 2 mm and the small semi-axis 15 has a length of 31.7 2 mm on.
  • the annular piston seal is designed so compressible and geometrically flexible that a secure elastic seal takes place between the piston and the cylinder wall during the entire stroke movement and in the dead centers. Of course, the seal is then compressed and deformed more strongly in TDC and BDC than in the middle compression range.
  • the piston is provided with kidney-shaped recesses 16 and 17, which give the piston sufficient flexibility in the area of the large semiaxes thanks to the circumferential webs 18 and 19 serving as resilient elements, so that the piston can approximate the ideal circular shape in TDC and BDC .
  • the sickle-shaped gaps are compensated here by resilient elements on the piston, the resilient elements being formed in the piston body, here by means of resilient circumferential webs 18, 19, which are formed by kidney-shaped recesses 16, 17 that are concave towards the center of the piston, with webs and recesses are arranged over a partial circumference of the piston 3 in the area of the large semi-axes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Compresseur à piston (1), comprenant un piston (3) entraîné par un mécanisme bielle-manivelle et pouvant alterner dans un cylindre (2) et colmaté par rapport à la paroi de cylindre, le mécanisme bielle-manivelle présentant une roue à manivelle (4) disposée sur un arbre à manivelle et dotée d'un maneton de manivelle excentrique (5) ainsi qu'une bielle (6) disposée entre le piston (3) et le maneton de manivelle (5), le piston (3) ou la tête de piston (7) étant disposé(e) de manière fixe et perpendiculairement à l'axe de bielle (8), le piston (3) et/ou le cylindre (2) étant réalisés de telle sorte qu'il est possible de colmater les fentes en forme de croissant (11, 12) entre le bord de piston et la paroi de cylindre qui se forment pendant le mouvement de levage respectif par l'inclinaison relative entre l'axe de piston (9) et l'axe de cylindre (10), dans lequel le piston en tant que module complet présente avec une garniture de piston une forme elliptique ovale différente d'une forme circulaire,
    caractérisé en ce que le piston (3) présente une forme circulaire et la garniture de piston est annulaire et présente une épaisseur variable, le maximum de l'épaisseur étant disposé et réalisé de telle sorte que les fentes en forme de croissant (11, 12) peuvent être compensées de sorte que pendant l'ensemble du mouvement de levage et aux points morts, une étanchéité élastique est réalisée entre le piston et la paroi de cylindre.
  2. Compresseur à piston selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le piston présente une forme elliptique ovale dans laquelle la longueur du petit demi-axe (15) correspond au moins à 80 % de la longueur du grand demi-axe (14).
  3. Compresseur à piston selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le piston présente une forme elliptique ovale dont le grand demi-axe (14) présente une longueur de 3,1 2
    Figure imgb0009
    mm et dont le petit demi-axe (15) présente une longueur de 3,7 2
    Figure imgb0010
     mm.
  4. Compresseur à piston selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le cylindre présente dans sa zone de compression centrale une forme elliptique ovale différente de la forme circulaire par laquelle les fentes en forme de croissant (11, 12) peuvent être au moins partiellement compensées de sorte que pendant l'ensemble du mouvement de levage et aux points morts, une étanchéité élastique est réalisée entre le piston et la paroi de cylindre.
  5. Compresseur à piston selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la compensation des fentes en forme de croissant (11, 12) au niveau du piston (3) ou/ou de la garniture est effectuée par des éléments élastiques (18, 19).
  6. Compresseur à piston selon la revendication 5, dans lequel les éléments élastiques sont réalisés dans le corps de piston, en particulier au moyen d'entretoises circonférentielles élastiques (18, 19) qui sont réalisées sur une circonférence partielle du piston (3) par des évidements (16, 17) en forme de rein, disposés de manière concave vers le centre du piston.
  7. Compresseur à piston selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la compensation des fentes en forme de croissant (11, 12) au niveau du piston (3) ou/ou de la garniture est effectuée par des éléments de réglage, en particulier par des éléments soumis à un milieu sous pression.
  8. Compresseur à piston selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel la compensation des fentes en forme de croissant (11, 12) au niveau du piston (3) ou/ou de la garniture est effectuée par des éléments moulés insérés.
  9. Système de dépannage portable pour colmater et gonfler des objets gonflables, en particulier des pneumatiques, le système de dépannage comprenant un réservoir pour un produit d'étanchéité automatique pouvant être injecté dans l'objet gonflable, une unité de valve et de distribution pour un produit d'étanchéité et un gaz comprimé, et des moyens de raccordement entre l'unité de valve et de distribution et l'objet gonflable, des moyens pour l'apport en énergie ainsi que des dispositifs de commutation et/ou de commande pour le fonctionnement du système, et étant équipé d'une source de gaz comprimé sous la forme d'un compresseur, réalisé comme le compresseur à piston selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8.
EP13811195.0A 2013-02-05 2013-12-18 Compresseur à piston asymétrique Active EP2954208B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13811195T PL2954208T3 (pl) 2013-02-05 2013-12-18 Asymetryczna sprężarka doładowująca tłokowa

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013101110.1A DE102013101110A1 (de) 2013-02-05 2013-02-05 Asymmetrischer Hubkolbenverdichter
PCT/EP2013/077044 WO2014121874A1 (fr) 2013-02-05 2013-12-18 Compresseur à piston asymétrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2954208A1 EP2954208A1 (fr) 2015-12-16
EP2954208B1 true EP2954208B1 (fr) 2021-11-10

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EP (1) EP2954208B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104981609B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013101110A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2954208T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014121874A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017004088A1 (de) 2017-04-28 2018-10-31 Wabco Gmbh Verdichter, Druckluftversorgungsanlage zum Betreiben einer Pneumatikanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Druckluftversorgungsanlage
US10865734B2 (en) 2017-12-06 2020-12-15 Ai Alpine Us Bidco Inc Piston assembly with offset tight land profile
DE102021110256A1 (de) 2021-04-22 2022-10-27 Zf Cv Systems Europe Bv Kolben, Verdichter, Druckluftversorgungsanlage, Fahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Druckluftversorgungsanlage

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FR2752269B1 (fr) * 1996-08-09 1998-10-09 Wabco France Compresseur ou pompe volumetrique a piston
US6213725B1 (en) * 1998-03-30 2001-04-10 Wen San Chou Compressor having an improved piston
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DE102007026776A1 (de) * 2007-06-09 2008-12-11 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Reifenabdichtvorrichtung
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CN201599170U (zh) * 2009-11-02 2010-10-06 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 锥形活塞及具有该锥形活塞的活塞压缩机
CN101737297A (zh) * 2010-01-16 2010-06-16 浙江鸿友压缩机制造有限公司 往复活塞式无油空气压缩机
JP5381891B2 (ja) * 2010-05-11 2014-01-08 マックス株式会社 ロッキングピストンのシール構造
CN101865115B (zh) * 2010-06-22 2012-11-14 浙江鸿友压缩机制造有限公司 一种空气压缩机活塞组件
TWI531721B (zh) 2011-01-25 2016-05-01 周文三 空氣壓縮機

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102013101110A1 (de) 2014-08-07
WO2014121874A1 (fr) 2014-08-14
CN104981609A (zh) 2015-10-14
EP2954208A1 (fr) 2015-12-16
PL2954208T3 (pl) 2022-03-07
CN104981609B (zh) 2019-03-08

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