EP2955460B1 - Wärmeenergieerzeugungssystem sowie verfahren - Google Patents

Wärmeenergieerzeugungssystem sowie verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2955460B1
EP2955460B1 EP14749382.9A EP14749382A EP2955460B1 EP 2955460 B1 EP2955460 B1 EP 2955460B1 EP 14749382 A EP14749382 A EP 14749382A EP 2955460 B1 EP2955460 B1 EP 2955460B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
water
tube
solar
power generation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14749382.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2955460A4 (de
EP2955460A1 (de
Inventor
Yilong Chen
Qingping Yang
Yanfeng Zhang
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Zhongying Changjiang International New Energy Investment Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhongying Changjiang International New Energy Investment Co Ltd
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Priority to SI201430667T priority Critical patent/SI2955460T1/en
Publication of EP2955460A1 publication Critical patent/EP2955460A1/de
Publication of EP2955460A4 publication Critical patent/EP2955460A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2955460B1 publication Critical patent/EP2955460B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/061—Parabolic linear or trough concentrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F24S10/45—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • F24S10/754—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations the conduits being spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F24S20/25—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants using direct solar radiation in combination with concentrated radiation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/61—Passive solar heat collectors, e.g. operated without external energy source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/121—Controlling or monitoring
    • F03G6/127—Over-night operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • F24S2010/751—Special fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S2080/03—Arrangements for heat transfer optimization
    • F24S2080/05—Flow guiding means; Inserts inside conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of solar-thermal power generation, and more particularly to a thermal power generation device/system comprising solar trough type thermal collectors filled with water as well as a power generation method using the same.
  • solar power has wide distribution, limitless reserves, clean collection and utilization, zero CO 2 emissions and thus arouses widespread concern.
  • solar thermal power technology includes three power generation modes, that is, tower-type, dish-type, and trough-type (including parabolic trough reflector and Fresnel trough reflector).
  • GB1575031 A shows a solar trough type thermal collector having a glass jacket tube which is transparent or translucent over its entire circumference and one end of which is closed, a glass absorption tube is inserted, leaving an interspace, the closed end of which is adjacent to that of the jacket tube. At their ends opposite their closed ends, the two tubes are interconnected in a sealed manner by fusing together and a vacuum is created in the intermediate space. On the outer surface of the absorption tube, there is a coating which absorbs solar energy and has an absorption capacity of 0.8 or more and an emissive power of 0.1 or less.
  • a conducting pipe extends through the absorption tube to its closed end in such a manner that a fluid, on flowing back through the annular space between the two tubes, can carry the absorbed energy away.
  • Documents DE 10 2009 047944 A1 , US 5 860 414 A and DE 10 2011 004266 A1 show further thermal collectors.
  • Document WO2012/057120 shows a thermal power generating system with concentrated solar collectors.
  • FIG. 1 shows an evacuated solar collector tube module, which includes a parabolic trough reflector 1b1 and an evacuated solar collector tube disposed at the focal point of the parabolic trough reflector.
  • the evacuated solar collector tube includes a glass tube 1b2 and an absorption tube 1b3 coated with a heat absorption layer. The glass tube is sleeved on the absorption tube, and a space between the glass tube 1b2 and the absorption tube 1b3 is vacuum.
  • the design of the above trough solar thermal power generation systems mainly takes into account the following two reasons.
  • the conduction oil (or molten salt) can store thermal energy, thereby offsetting the influence of the weather.
  • Second, the trough solar thermal power generation systems employ evacuated solar collector tubes, which cannot be adapted to the physical properties of water, when water is heated to certain temperatures and pressures by solar energy, the tubes may burst.
  • the solar energy concentrated by the trough reflector always heats the side of the evacuated solar collector tube close to the parabolic trough reflector 1b1 (as shown in FIG. 1 , the lower part of the glass tube 1b2 ), while the opposite side, that is, the upper part of the glass tube in FIG. 1 , will never receive concentrated intensive light, and the convergence ratio thereof is 80: 1.
  • the instantaneous temperature difference between the upper and lower part is up to more than 300°C.
  • the space between the glass tube 1b2 and the absorption tube 1b3 is vacuum.
  • the absorption tube 1b3 is filled with conduction oil (or molten salt), the good heat conductivity of the liquid medium can quickly equalize the temperature of the absorption tube 1b3 , thereby preventing the occurrence of the large temperature difference and the formation of internal stress.
  • the absorption tube 1b3 is filled with water, when the water temperature exceeds 100°C, water vapor is produced and floated on the upper part of the horizontally placed long evacuated solar collector tube, and the lower part thereof is liquid water.
  • the heat conductivity difference of the water vapor and the liquid water is huge, which inevitably causes the huge temperature difference of the upper and lower parts of the evacuated solar collector tube, and due to the heat expansion and cold contraction of the tubes, large internal stress is produced, the evacuated solar collector tube tends to burst.
  • a solar-thermal complementary power generation system comprising a solar trough type thermal collecting module comprising a solar automatic heat equalizing and collecting tube and a solar-thermal complementary power generation method using the same.
  • the solar-thermal complementary power generation method of the invention is weatherproof and can work sustainedly and steadily at night or cloudy or rainy days, with energy conservation and eco-friendliness.
  • the solar automatic heat equalizing and collecting tube is adapted to be filled with water directly and do not burst during working.
  • the solar-thermal complementary power generation system of the present invention is provided with a solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube, comprising: a glass tube, an absorption tube, and a baffle.
  • the glass tube is sleeved on the absorption tube; the absorption tube is coated with a heat absorption layer; a space between the glass tube and the absorption tube is vacuum; the baffle is disposed in an inner cavity of the absorption tube and is configured to drive a fluid in the absorption tube to tumble up and down alternately; and the baffle is spiral in shape and fixed in the absorption tube.
  • the baffle is spirally and continuously distributed in the absorption tube, and axial pitches of the baffle are the same; or the baffle is spirally distributed at intervals in the absorption tube, and the axial pitches in different sections of the baffle are the same; along an axial direction of the absorption tube, one end of the baffle is fixed on the inner cavity of the absorption tube, and the other end of the baffle is free; or the baffle employs a plurality of spiral blades fixed on an axial rod, one end of the spiral blades is fixed on the inner cavity of the absorption tube, and the other end of the spiral blades is free; the spiral blades are uniformly distributed and the pitches thereof are the same.
  • the automatic heat equalizing trough type module of the solar-thermal complementary power generation system of the present invention comprises the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube.
  • the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube is disposed at a focal point of a parabolic trough reflector.
  • the solar-thermal complementary power generation system of the present invention comprises a solar concentration and heat supply module, a boiler heat supply module, and a turbogenerator unit.
  • the solar concentration and heat supply module comprises a preheating section and a steam-water two phase evaporation section which are connected in series, the preheating section comprises an evacuated solar collector tube, and the steam-water two phase evaporation section comprises the automatic heat equalizing trough type module; at least one steam-water separator is connected in series to an output tube at one end of the steam-water two phase evaporation section; a steam output end of the steam-water separator converges with an output end of a boiler steam drum, and converged steam is transported to the turbogenerator unit via a superheater of the boiler heat supply module; a separated water output end of the steam-water separator is connected to a solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube of the automatic heat equalizing trough type module via a backflow pipe; a condenser output end of the
  • a steam output end of a last steam-water separator converges with an output end of the boiler steam drum via a steam valve.
  • the invention further provides a power generation method using the thermal power generation system, the power generation comprising a solar-thermal complementary power generation mode in sunny days and a boiler heat supply power generation mode at night or cloudy/rainy days, and the method comprising: in sunny days, introducing feedwater provided by a water supply pipe to the solar concentration and heat supply module, preheating the feedwater by solar energy in the evacuated solar collector tube of the preheating section, and then continuing heating the feedwater in the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube of the steam-water two phase evaporation section whereby producing a water-steam two-phase mixing flow in the absorption tube, allowing the mixing flow to tumble spirally in the absorption tube under the action of the baffle to quickly equalize the temperature of the absorption tube, and then introducing the mixing flow to the steam-water separator and separating steam from water; returning the separated water to the steam-water two phase evaporation section for reevaporation, and converging the separated steam with saturated steam from the boiler steam drum, heating mixed steam in a
  • the solar heating module stops working, and water in the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube stop flowing and stays in the insulating state.
  • thermal power generation system which is a solar-thermal complementary power generation system, the system comprising a solar concentration and heat supply module, a boiler heat supply module, and a turbogenerator unit.
  • the solar concentration and heat supply module comprises a preheating section, a steam-water two phase evaporation section, and a superheat section which are connected in series, the preheating section comprises an evacuated solar collector tube, and the steam-water two phase evaporation section and the superheat section comprise the automatic heat equalizing trough type module; at least one steam-water separator is connected in series to an output tube at one end of the steam-water two phase evaporation section; a steam output end of the steam-water separator is connected to a solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube of a first automatic heat equalizing trough type module of the superheat section, and a last solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube of the superheat section is connected to an inlet of the turbogenerator unit; a separated water output end of the steam-water separator is connected to a solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube of the automatic heat equalizing trough type module via a backflow pipe; the output end of the boiler steam drum is connected to the inlet of the turbo
  • a last solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube of the superheat section converges with an output of the superheater via a steam valve, and a converge pipe is connected to an inlet of the turbogenerator unit; prior to convergence, a steam switch valve and a steam flow regulator are provided on an output pipe of the superheater.
  • the water supply module comprises a deaerator and a feed water pump connected in series; a softened water tank is connected to the deaerator via the water inlet pipe; the condenser output end of the turbogenerator unit is connected to the deaerator; an outlet of the feed water pump is connected to the two water outlet pipes; each water outlet pipe is provided with a switch valve, and one water outlet pipe is provided with a feedwater control valve.
  • the invention further provides a power generation method using the thermal power generation system, the power generation comprising a solar-thermal complementary power generation mode in sunny days, a solar power generation mode in daytime having sufficient sunlight, and a boiler heat supply power generation mode at night or cloudy/rainy days, and the method comprising: in sunny days, introducing feedwater provided by a water supply pipe to the solar concentration and heat supply module, preheating the feedwater by solar energy in the evacuated solar collector tube of the preheating section, and then continuing heating the feedwater in the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube of the steam-water two phase evaporation section whereby producing a water-steam two-phase mixing flow in the absorption tube, allowing the mixing flow to tumble spirally in the absorption tube under the action of the baffle to quickly equalize the temperature of the absorption tube, and then introducing the mixing flow to the steam-water separator and separating steam from water; returning the separated water to the steam-water two phase evaporation section for reevaporation, and transporting the separated steam to the
  • the solar heating module stops working, and water in the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube stop flowing and stays in the insulating state;
  • the feedwater is preheated to 90°C in the evacuated solar collector tube of the preheating section.
  • the boiler is a coal-fired boiler, oil-fired boiler, gas-fired boiler, biomass direct combustion boiler, or, coal gas boiler, preferably, a biomass gasification gas boiler or a biomass direct combustion boiler.
  • the steam-water two phase evaporation section is followed by at least one steam-water separator.
  • the separated saturated steam can be directly transported to the turbogenerator unit for power generation, or first converges with the saturated steam produced by the boiler and then is transported to and heated by the superheater to produce superheated steam, which is transported to the turbogenerator unit for power generation.
  • the separated saturated steam is heated by the automatic heat equalizing trough type module in the superheated section, converges with the saturated steam produced by the boiler, and then is transported to the turbogenerator unit for power generation.
  • the separated water from the steam-water separator returns to the steam-water two phase evaporation section for reevaporation via a back water pump.
  • Different power generation modes can be started according to weather conditions, so it is energy-saving and eco-friendly.
  • the baffle is disposed in the inner cavity of the absorption tube of a solar automatic heat equalizing trough type module, and can drive a fluid in the absorption tube to tumble up and down alternately.
  • the laminar state of the two phase fluid is broken, the fluid automatically moves up and down in the absorption tube to produce a self-stirring effect, thereby equalizing the heat energy of the upper and lower parts of the absorption tube, preventing the burst of the tube.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube of a first example of the invention.
  • 1b2 represents an outer glass tube of the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube
  • 1b3 represents an inner absorption tube of the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube
  • 1b3 is made of high temperature resistant metal materials such as stainless steel, beryllium alloy (for example, beryllium bronze), and the space between the glass tube and the absorption tube is vacuum).
  • the absorption tube is coated with a heat absorption layer.
  • 1b4 represents a baffle disposed in an inner cavity of the absorption tube 1b3 .
  • 1b4 is made of the same or similar materials as 1b3 .
  • A-A represents a position and direction of a cross section of an automatic heat equalizing trough type module (that is, to cut the automatic heat equalizing trough type module at the A-A position and observe the cross section from the right side, then the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube is shown in FIG. 4 ).
  • the baffle 1b4 is spiral with appropriate pitches.
  • the outer diameter of the spiral is equal to or less than the inner diameter of 1b3 , so that the baffle can be continuously arranged in the inner cavity of the absorption tube 1b3 .
  • the axial pitches of the baffle are preferably the same.
  • one end of the baffle 1b4 is fixed on the inner cavity of the absorption tube 1b3 , and the other end of the baffle is free.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube of a second example of the invention.
  • 1b2 represents an outer glass tube of the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube
  • 1b3 represents an inner absorption tube of the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube
  • 1b3 is made of high temperature resistant metal materials such as stainless steel, beryllium alloy (for example, beryllium bronze))
  • the space between the glass tube and the absorption tube is vacuum.
  • the absorption tube is coated with a heat absorption layer.
  • 1b4 represents two sections of a baffle (in fact, a plurality of sections of the baffle is also practicable) disposed in an inner cavity of the absorption tube 1b3 .
  • the baffle 1b4 is spiral with appropriate pitches.
  • the outer diameter of the spiral is equal to or less than the inner diameter of 1b3 , so that the baffle can be continuously arranged in the inner cavity of the absorption tube 1b3 .
  • the axial pitches of the baffle are preferably the same.
  • 1b4 is made of the same or similar materials as 1b3 .
  • A-A represents a position and direction of a cross section of an automatic heat equalizing trough type module (that is, to cut the automatic heat equalizing trough type module at the A-A line and observe it from the right side, then the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube is shown in the center of FIG. 4 ).
  • one end of the baffle 1b4 is fixed on the inner cavity of the absorption tube 1b3 , and the other end of the baffle is free.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of an automatic heat equalizing trough type module comprising the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube in FIG. 2 or 3 .
  • the cross sectional view is taken from line A-A in FIG. 2 or 3 .
  • the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube is disposed at a focal point of a parabolic trough reflector.
  • 1b1 is a parabolic trough reflector
  • 1b2 represents an outer glass tube of the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube
  • 1b3 represents an inner absorption tube of the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube ( 1b3 is made of high temperature resistant metal materials such as stainless steel, beryllium alloy), and the space between the glass tube and the absorption tube is vacuum.
  • the absorption tube is coated with a heat absorption layer.
  • 1b4 represents a baffle disposed in an inner cavity of the absorption tube 1b3 .
  • 1b4 is made of the same or similar materials as 1b3 .
  • the arrows in the figure represent the optical path of sunlight, which converge on the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube disposed at the focal point of a parabolic trough reflector.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube of a third example of the invention, which is a longitudinal section view along the central axis of the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube.
  • 1b2 represents an outer glass tube.
  • 1b3 represents an inner absorption tube. The space between the glass tube and the absorption tube is vacuum.
  • 1b5 represents an axle rod.
  • 1b4 represents spiral blades fixed on the axle rod by welding or other fixed modes. The space between the blades is the same, and 2, 3, 4, or N blades are disposed in each spiral cycle. In the figure, two blades are provided in each spiral cycle.
  • the automatic heat equalizing trough type module comprising the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube has the same structure as that in FIG. 4 .
  • 1a represents a preheating section comprising a plurality of ordinary evacuated solar collector tubes (as shown in FIG. 1 ) connected in series.
  • 1b represents a steam-water two phase evaporation section comprising a plurality of automatic heat equalizing trough type modules connected in series.
  • 1c represents a steam-water separator, 1d represents a back water pump, 1e represents a superheating section comprising a plurality of automatic heat equalizing trough type modules connected in series (which is only shown in FIG. 7 ), and If represents a steam valve.
  • 2 represents a boiler heating module (the boiler is a coal-fired boiler, oil-fired boiler, gas-fired boiler, biomass direct combustion boiler, or, coal gas boiler, preferably, a biomass gasification gas boiler or a biomass direct combustion boiler), 2a is a superheater, 2b is a boiler steam drum, 3 is a turbogenerator unit, 3a is a condenser of the turbogenerator unit, 3b and 3c are switch valves; 3d is a steam flow control valve; 4 is a deaerator, 5 is a water feed pump, 5a and 5b are switch valve, 5c is a feedwater control valve, 6 is a softened water tank (the softened water is from a chemical water treatment plant).
  • the boiler is a coal-fired boiler, oil-fired boiler, gas-fired boiler, biomass direct combustion boiler, or, coal gas boiler, preferably, a biomass gasification gas boiler or a biomass direct combustion boiler
  • 2a is a superheater
  • 2b is
  • the power generation method of the thermal power generation system in FIG. 6 is summarized as follows.
  • the switch valves 5a, 5b and If are open, and the back water pump Id is open.
  • the water from the deaerator is driven by the feed water pump 5, most of which flows to the preheating section 1a of the evacuated solar collector tubes where the water is heated to 90°C.
  • the water continues flowing to the steam-water two-phase evaporation section and is heated to yield a water-steam two-phase mixing flow.
  • the mixing flow is tumbled spirally in the absorption tube under the action of the baffle and flows to the steam-water separator 1c .
  • the separated steam converges with saturated steam from the boiler steam drum, the mixed steam is further heated in a superheater of the boiler to yield superheated steam, and the superheated steam is transported to the turbogenerator unit for solar-thermal complementary power generation.
  • the separated water from the steam-water separator 1c returns to the steam-water two phase evaporation section 1b via the back water pump Id for reevaporation.
  • the spiral baffle 1b4 is disposed in the inner cavity 1b3 of the absorption tube of the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube, in the two-phase evaporation section, the two-phase mixing liquid is driven by the feed water pump 5 to tumble up and down alternately in the absorption tube 1b3 .
  • Water has good heat conduction properties. Although it is the lower part of the absorption tube 1b3 that absorbs the heat energy, the tumbling of the water quickly transfers the heat to the upper part of the absorption tube 1b3 , so that the upper and lower parts of the absorption tube 1b3 can reach a thermal equalization shortly, thereby preventing the burst of the evacuated solar collector tube when water is directly filled with.
  • the opening of the feedwater control valve 5c at the outlet of the water feed pump 5 is turned down, so that the water flowing to the evacuated solar collector tube is decreased, while the water flowing to the boiler via the switch valve 5b is increased.
  • the load of the boiler is increased and more steam is produced to ensure the output power of the turbogenerator unit unchanged.
  • the switch valves 5a and 1f are close, and the back water pump Id is close.
  • the water from the deaerator 4 is driven by the feed water pump 5 and totally flows to the boiler 2 whereby producing superheated steam.
  • the superheated steam is transported to the turbogenerator unit for power generation.
  • the evacuated solar collector tubes stop working, the medium stops flowing, and all stays in the insulating state.
  • the power generation method of the thermal power generation system in FIG. 7 is summarized as follows.
  • the switch valves 5a, 5b and 1f are open, and the back water pump Id is open.
  • the water from the deaerator is driven by the feed water pump 5, most of which flows to the preheating section 1a of the evacuated solar collector tubes where the water is heated to 90°C.
  • the water continues flowing to the steam-water two-phase evaporation section and is heated to yield a water-steam two-phase mixing flow.
  • the mixing flow is tumbled spirally in the absorption tube under the action of the baffle and flows to the steam-water separator 1c .
  • the separated water from the steam-water separator 1c returns to the steam-water two phase evaporation section 1b via the back water pump Id for reevaporation.
  • the separated steam from the steam-water separator 1c flows to the superheating section comprising a plurality of automatic heat equalizing trough type modules connected in series, where the steam is heated to produce superheated steam.
  • the superheated steam converges with the superheated steam from the superheater 2a of the conventional boiler, and the mixed steam is transported to the turbogenerator unit 3 for power generation.
  • the spiral baffle 1b4 is disposed in the inner cavity 1b3 of the absorption tube of the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube, in the two-phase evaporation section, the two-phase mixing liquid is driven by the feed water pump 5 to tumble up and down alternately in the absorption tube 1b3 .
  • Water has good heat conduction properties. Although it is the lower part of the absorption tube 1b3 that absorbs the heat energy, the tumbling of the water quickly transfers the heat to the upper part of the absorption tube 1b3 , so that the upper and lower parts of the absorption tube 1b3 can reach a thermal equalization shortly, thereby preventing the burst of the evacuated solar collector tube when water is directly filled with.
  • the spiral baffle 1b4 is disposed in the inner cavity 1b3 of the absorption tube of the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube.
  • the superheated steam continues tumbling up and down spirally in the absorption tube 1b3 .
  • the spiral tumbling of the single fluid produces strong up-and-down stirring, although the heated steam has bad heat conductivity, the strong stirring can also quickly equalize the heat energy in the absorption tube 1b3 , thereby preventing the burst of the evacuated solar collector tube.
  • the opening of the feedwater control valve 5c at the outlet of the water feed pump 5 is turned down, so that the water flowing to the evacuated solar collector tube is decreased, while the water flowing to the boiler via the switch valve 5b is increased.
  • the load of the boiler is increased and more steam is produced to ensure the output power of the turbogenerator unit unchanged.
  • the switch valves 5a and 1f are close, and the back water pump Id is close.
  • the water from the deaerator 4 is driven by the feed water pump 5 and totally flows to the boiler 2 whereby producing superheated steam.
  • the superheated steam is transported to the turbogenerator unit for power generation.
  • the evacuated solar collector tubes stop working, the medium stops flowing, and all stays in the insulating state.
  • the system comprises a preheating section and a steam-water two phase evaporation section comprising solar concentration modules (or comprising a preheating section, a steam-water two phase evaporation section and a superheated section).
  • the steam-water two phase evaporation section and the superheated section both comprise the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube and automatic heat equalizing trough type module, and at least one steam-water separator is disposed in the steam-water two phase evaporation section, thereby favoring the complementation and convergence of the steam from the solar modules and the boiler.
  • the power plant is free of the influence of weather conditions, and can generate power even at night.
  • the solar automatic heat collecting and equalizing tube and the automatic heat equalizing trough type module can be directly filled with water for power generation, which is a novel technology path.

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Claims (12)

  1. Wärmeenergieerzeugungssystem, das ein solarwärme-komplementäres Energieerzeugungssystem ist, wobei das System ein Solarkonzentrierungs- und Wärmezufuhrmodul (1), ein Kesselwärmezufuhrmodul (2) und eine Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) aufweist, wobei das Solarkonzentrierungs- und Wärmezufuhrmodul (1) einen Vorheizabschnitt (1a) und einen Dampf-Wasser-Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitt (1b) umfasst, die in Reihe geschaltet sind, wobei der Vorheizabschnitt (1a) ein evakuiertes Solarkollektorrohr umfasst, und der Dampf-Wasser-Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitt (1b) ein automatisches Wärmeausgleichsmodul vom Trogtyp umfasst; wobei mindestens ein Dampf-Wasser-Separator (1c) mit einem Ausgangsrohr an einem Ende des Dampf-Wasser-Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitts (1b) in Reihe geschaltet ist; wobei ein Dampfabgabeende des Dampf-Wasser-Separators (1c) mit einem Ausgangsende einer Kesseldampftrommel (2b) zusammengeführt ist, und zusammengeführter Dampf über einen Überhitzer (2a) des Kesselwärmezufuhrmoduls (2) zu der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) transportiert wird; wobei ein getrenntes Wasserausgangsende des Dampf-Wasser-Separators (1c) über ein Rückflussrohr mit einem automatischen Solarwärme-Sammel- und -ausgleichsrohr des automatischen Wärmeausgleichsmoduls vom Trogtyp (1) verbunden ist; wobei ein Kondensatorausgangsende der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) mit einem Wasserzufuhrmodul verbunden ist; wobei das Wasserzufuhrmodul ein Wassereinlassrohr und zwei Wasserauslassrohre umfasst, wobei ein Wasserauslassrohr mit einem ersten evakuierten Solarkollektorrohr in Verbindung steht, und das zweite Wasserauslassrohr mit einem Kesselwasserzufuhrrohr in Verbindung steht;
    wobei das automatische Solarwärme-Sammel- und -ausgleichsrohr des automatischen Wärmeausgleichsmoduls vom Trogtyp an einem Brennpunkt eines parabolischen Trogreflektors (1b1) angeordnet ist; wobei das automatische Solarwärme-Sammel- und - ausgleichsrohr ein Glasrohr (1b2), ein Absorptionsrohr (1b3) und eine Ablenkplatte (1b4) umfasst; wobei das Glasrohr (1b2) auf das Absorptionsrohr (1b2) geschoben ist; wobei das Absorptionsrohr (1b2) mit einer Wärmeabsorptionsschicht beschichtet ist; wobei ein Raum zwischen dem Glasrohr und dem Absorptionsrohr ein Vakuum ist; wobei die Ablenkplatte (1b4) in einem inneren Hohlraum des Absorptionsrohrs (1b3) angeordnet ist und dazu ausgebildet ist, ein Fluid in dem Absorptionsrohr (1b3) zum abwechselnden Auf- und Abbewegen anzuregen; und wobei die Ablenkplatte (1b4) eine Spiralform aufweist und in dem Absorptionsrohr (1b3) befestigt ist.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkplatte (1b4) spiralförmig und durchgehend in dem Absorptionsrohr (1b3) verteilt ist, und dass die axialen Gangabstände der Ablenkplatte gleich sind; oder dass die Ablenkplatte (1b4) spiralförmig in Intervallen in dem Absorptionsrohr (1b3) verteilt ist, und die axialen Gangabstände in unterschiedlichen Abschnitten der Ablenkplatte gleich sind; dass entlang einer axialen Richtung des Absorptionsrohrs (1b3) ein Ende der Ablenkplatte (1b4) an dem inneren Hohlraum des Absorptionsrohrs befestigt ist, und das andere Ende der Ablenkplatte (1b4) frei ist; oder dass die Ablenkplatte (1b4) eine Mehrzahl von spiralförmigen Ablenkplatten (1b4) verwendet, die an einer axialen Stange (1b5) befestigt sind, wobei ein Ende der spiralförmigen Ablenkplatten (1b4) an dem inneren Hohlraum des Absorptionsrohrs (1b3) befestigt ist, und das andere Ende der spiralförmigen Ablenkplatten (1b4) frei ist; dass die spiralförmigen Ablenkplatten (1b4) gleichförmig verteilt sind, und deren Gangabstände gleich sind.
  3. Wärmeenergieerzeugungssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Dampfabgabeende eines letzten Dampf-Wasser-Separators (1c) über ein Dampfventil (1f) mit einem Ausgangsende der Kesseldampftrommel (2b) zusammengeführt ist.
  4. Wärmeenergieerzeugungssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wasserzufuhrmodul einen Entlüfter (4) und eine in Reihe geschaltete Speisewasserpumpe (5) umfasst; dass ein Tank (6) von enthärtetem Wasser mit dem Entlüfter (4) über das Wassereinlassrohr verbunden ist; dass das Kondensatorausgangsende der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) mit dem Entlüfter (4) verbunden ist; dass ein Auslass der Speisewasserpumpe (5) mit den zwei Wasserauslassrohren verbunden ist; dass jedes Wasserauslassrohr mit einem Schaltventil (5a, 5b) versehen ist, und ein Wasserauslassrohr mit einem Speisewassersteuerventil (5c) versehen ist.
  5. Energieerzeugungsverfahren unter Verwendung des Wärmeenergieerzeugungssystems nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Energieerzeugung einen solarwärme-komplementären Energieerzeugungsmodus an Sonnentagen und einen Kesselwärmezufuhr-Energieerzeugungsmodus in der Nacht oder an Wolken-/Regentagen umfasst, und wobei das Verfahren Folgendes umfasst: an Sonnentagen Einbringen von durch ein Wasserzufuhrrohr geliefertem Speisewasser in das Solarkonzentrierungs- und Wärmezufuhrmodul (1), Vorheizen des Speisewassers durch Solarenergie in dem evakuierten Solarkollektorrohr des Vorheizabschnitts (1a) und dann weiteres Erwärmen des Speisewassers in dem automatischen Solarwärme-Sammel- und -ausgleichsrohr des Dampf-Wasser-Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitts (1b), wodurch eine Wasser-Dampf-Zweiphasen-Mischströmung in dem Absorptionsrohr erzeugt wird, spiralförmiges Bewegenlassen der Mischströmung in dem Absorptionsrohr unter der Wirkung der Ablenkplatte, um schnell die Temperatur des Absorptionsrohrs auszugleichen, und dann Einbringen der Mischströmung in den Dampf-Wasser-Separator (1c) und Trennen des Dampfs vom Wasser; Rückführen des getrennten Wassers in den Dampf-Wasser-Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitt (1b) zur nochmaligen Verdampfung und Zusammenführen des getrennten Dampfs mit gesättigtem Dampf von der Kesseldampftrommel (2b), Erwärmen des gemischten Dampfs in einem Erwärmungsmodul des Kessels, um überhitzten Dampf zu ergeben, und Transportieren des überhitzten Dampfs zu der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) zur solarwärme-komplementären Energieerzeugung;
    in der Nacht oder an Wolken-/Regentagen Einbringen des Speisewassers nur in ein Kesselerwärmungsmodul (2), um überhitzten Dampf zu erzeugen, und Transportieren des überhitzten Dampfs über einen Überhitzer (2a) zu der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) zur Wärmeenergieerzeugung; wobei in dem Kesselwärmezufuhr-Energieerzeugungsmodus das Solarerwärmungsmodul aufhört zu arbeiten, und Wasser in dem automatischen Solarwärme-Sammel- und -ausgleichsrohr aufhört zu strömen und in dem Isolierzustand verbleibt.
  6. Wärmeenergieerzeugungssystem, das ein solarwärme-komplementäres Energieerzeugungssystem ist, wobei das System ein Solarkonzentrierungs- und Wärmezufuhrmodul (1), ein Kesselwärmezufuhrmodul (2) und eine Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) umfasst,
    wobei das Solarkonzentrierungs- und Wärmezufuhrmodul (1) einen Vorheizabschnitt (1a), einen Dampf-Wasser-Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitt (1b) und einen Überhitzungsabschnitt (1e) umfasst, die in Reihe geschaltet sind, wobei der Vorheizabschnitt (1a) ein evakuiertes Solarkollektorrohr umfasst, und wobei der Dampf-Wasser-Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitt (1b) und der Überhitzungsabschnitt (1e) ein automatisches Wärmeausgleichsmodul vom Trogtyp umfassen; wobei mindestens ein Dampf-Wasser-Separator (1c) mit einem Ausgangsrohr an einem Ende des Dampf-Wasser-Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitts (1b) in Reihe geschaltet ist; wobei ein Dampfabgabeende des Dampf-Wasser-Separators (1c) mit einem automatischen Solarwärme-Sammel- und -ausgleichsrohr eines ersten automatischen Wärmeausgleichsmoduls vom Trogtyp des Überhitzungsabschnitts (1e) verbunden ist, und ein letztes automatisches Solarwärme-Sammel- und -ausgleichsrohr des Überhitzungsabschnitts (1e) mit einem Einlass der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) verbunden ist; wobei ein getrenntes Wasserausgangsende des Dampf-Wasser-Separators (1c) über ein Rückflussrohr mit einem automatischen Solarwärme-Sammel- und -ausgleichsrohr des automatischen Wärmeausgleichsmoduls vom Trogtyp verbunden ist; wobei das Ausgangsende der Kesseldampftrommel (2b) über einen Überhitzer (2a) mit dem Einlass der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) verbunden ist; wobei ein Kondensatorausgangsende der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) mit einem Wasserzufuhrmodul verbunden ist; wobei das Wasserzufuhrmodul ein Wassereinlassrohr und zwei Wasserauslassrohre umfasst, wobei ein Wasserauslassrohr mit einem ersten evakuierten Solarkollektorrohr in Verbindung steht, und das zweite Wasserauslassrohr mit einem Kesselwasserzufuhrrohr in Verbindung steht; wobei das automatische Solarwärme-Sammel- und -ausgleichsrohr des automatischen Wärmeausgleichsmoduls vom Trogtyp an einem Brennpunkt eines parabolischen Trogreflektors (1b1) angeordnet ist; wobei das automatische Solarwärme-Sammel- und - ausgleichsrohr ein Glasrohr (1b2), ein Absorptionsrohr (1b3) und eine Ablenkplatte (1b4) umfasst; wobei das Glasrohr (1b2) auf das Absorptionsrohr (1b3) geschoben ist; wobei das Absorptionsrohr (1b3) mit einer Wärmeabsorptionsschicht beschichtet ist; wobei ein Raum zwischen dem Glasrohr (1b2) und dem Absorptionsrohr (1b3) ein Vakuum ist; wobei die Ablenkplatte (1b4) in einem inneren Hohlraum des Absorptionsrohrs (1b3) angeordnet ist und dazu ausgebildet ist, ein Fluid in dem Absorptionsrohr (1b3) zum abwechselnden Auf- und Abbewegen anzuregen; und wobei die Ablenkplatte (1b4) eine Spiralform aufweist und in dem Absorptionsrohr (1b3) befestigt ist.
  7. System nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ablenkplatte (1b4) spiralförmig und durchgehend in dem Absorptionsrohr (1b3) verteilt ist, und dass die axialen Gangabstände der Ablenkplatte gleich sind; oder dass die Ablenkplatte (1b4) spiralförmig in Intervallen in dem Absorptionsrohr (1b3) verteilt ist, und die axialen Gangabstände in unterschiedlichen Abschnitten der Ablenkplatte gleich sind; dass entlang einer axialen Richtung des Absorptionsrohrs (1b3) ein Ende der Ablenkplatte (1b4) an dem inneren Hohlraum des Absorptionsrohrs befestigt ist, und das andere Ende der Ablenkplatte (1b4) frei ist; oder dass die Ablenkplatte (1b4) eine Mehrzahl von spiralförmigen Ablenkplatten (1b4) verwendet, die an einer axialen Stange (1b5) befestigt sind, wobei ein Ende der spiralförmigen Ablenkplatten (1b4) an dem inneren Hohlraum des Absorptionsrohrs (1b3) befestigt ist, und das andere Ende der spiralförmigen Ablenkplatten (1b4) frei ist; dass die spiralförmigen Ablenkplatten (1b4) gleichförmig verteilt sind, und deren Gangabstände gleich sind.
  8. System nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein letztes automatisches Solarwärme-Sammel- und -ausgleichsrohr des Überhitzungsabschnitts (1e) über eine Dampfdüse (3c) mit einem Ausgang des Überhitzers (2a) zusammengeführt ist, und ein Zusammenführungsrohr mit einem Einlass der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) verbunden ist; dass vor dem Zusammenführen ein Dampfschaltventil (3b) und ein Dampfströmungsregler (3d) an einem Ausgangsrohr des Überhitzers (2a) vorgesehen sind.
  9. System nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wasserzufuhrmodul einen Entlüfter (4) und eine Speisewasserpumpe (5) umfasst, die in Reihe geschaltet sind; dass ein Tank (6) von enthärtetem Wasser über das Wassereinlassrohr mit dem Entlüfter (4) verbunden ist; dass das Kondensatorausgangsende der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) mit dem Entlüfter (4) verbunden ist; dass ein Auslass der Speisewasserpumpe (5) mit den zwei Wasserauslassrohren verbunden ist; wobei jedes Wasserauslassrohr mit einem Schaltventil (5a, 5b) versehen ist, und ein Wasserauslassrohr mit einem Speisewassersteuerventil (5c) versehen ist.
  10. Energieerzeugungsverfahren unter Verwendung des Wärmeenergieerzeugungssystems nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, wobei die Energieerzeugung einen solarwärme-komplementären Energieerzeugungsmodus an Sonnentagen, einen Solarenergieerzeugungsmodus am Tag mit ausreichend Sonnenlicht und einen Kesselwärmezufuhr-Energieerzeugungsmodus in der Nacht oder an Wolken-/Regentagen umfasst, wobei das Verfahren Folgendes umfasst:
    an Sonnentagen Einbringen von durch ein Wasserzufuhrrohr geliefertem Speisewasser in das Solarkonzentrierungs- und Wärmezufuhrmodul (1), Vorheizen des Speisewassers durch Solarenergie in dem evakuierten Solarkollektorrohr des Vorheizabschnitts (1a) und dann weiteres Erwärmen des Speisewassers in dem automatischen Solarwärme-Sammel- und - ausgleichsrohr des Dampf-Wasser-Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitts (1b), wodurch eine Wasser-Dampf-Zweiphasen-Mischströmung in dem Absorptionsrohr erzeugt wird, spiralförmiges Bewegenlassen der Mischströmung in dem Absorptionsrohr unter der Wirkung der Ablenkplatte, um schnell die Temperatur des Absorptionsrohrs auszugleichen, und dann Einbringen der Mischströmung in den Dampf-Wasser-Separator (1c) und Trennen des Dampfs vom Wasser; Rückführen des getrennten Wassers in den Dampf-Wasser-Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitt (1b) zur nochmaligen Verdampfung und Transportieren des getrennten Dampfs zu dem automatischen Solarwärme-Sammel- und -ausgleichsrohr in dem Überhitzungsabschnitt (1e), um überhitzten Dampf zu erzeugen; spiralförmiges Bewegenlassen des überhitzten Dampfs in dem Absorptionsrohr, um die Temperatur des Absorptionsrohrs auszugleichen, und Zusammenführen des überhitzten Dampfs mit überhitztem Dampf aus dem Überhitzer (2a) des Kessels und Transportieren des gemischten überhitzten Dampfs zu der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) für die solarwärme-komplementäre Energieerzeugung;
    in der Nacht oder an Wolken-/Regentagen Einbringen des Speisewassers nur in ein Kesselerwärmungsmodul (2), um überhitzten Dampf zu erzeugen, und Transportieren des überhitzten Dampfs über einen Überhitzer (2a) zu der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) zur Wärmeenergieerzeugung; wobei in dem Kesselwärmezufuhr-Energieerzeugungsmodus das Solarerwärmungsmodul aufhört zu arbeiten, und Wasser in dem automatischen Solarwärme-Sammel- und -Ausgleichsrohr aufhört zu strömen und in dem Isolierzustand verbleibt;
    am Tag mit ausreichend Sonnenlicht Erwärmen des Speisewassers durch den Vorheizabschnitt (1a) und den Zweiphasen-Verdampfungsabschnitt (1b), um die Wasser-Dampf-Zweiphasen-Mischströmung zu ergeben, Trennen der Mischströmung durch den Dampf-Wasser-Separator (1c) und weiteres Erwärmen des getrennten gesättigten Dampfs durch den Überhitzungsabschnitt (1e), um überhitzten Dampf zu erzeugen, und Transportieren des überhitzten Dampfs zu der Turbogeneratoreinheit (3) zur Wärmeenergieerzeugung; wobei in dem Solarenergieerzeugungsmodus der Kessel in der Nacht arbeiten muss, um eine Anlaufzeit des Kessels zu verkürzen, wobei nur eine kleine Menge Wasser dem Kessel zugeführt wird, um sicherzustellen, dass der Kessel unter niedriger Last arbeitet.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Speisewasser in dem evakuierten Solarkollektorrohr des Vorheizabschnitts (1a) auf 90 °C vorgeheizt wird.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Speisewasser in dem evakuierten Solarkollektorrohr des Vorheizabschnitts (1a) auf 90 °C vorgeheizt wird.
EP14749382.9A 2013-02-05 2014-01-27 Wärmeenergieerzeugungssystem sowie verfahren Not-in-force EP2955460B1 (de)

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AU2014214382A1 (en) 2015-09-24
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JP2016505129A (ja) 2016-02-18
RU2627613C2 (ru) 2017-08-09
ZA201506506B (en) 2017-11-29
CN103115445B (zh) 2014-09-24
MX2015010148A (es) 2016-05-31
KR20150110676A (ko) 2015-10-02
DK2955460T3 (en) 2018-03-26
MX360583B (es) 2018-11-07
WO2014121711A1 (zh) 2014-08-14
EP2955460A4 (de) 2016-11-02
SI2955460T1 (en) 2018-05-31
US9897077B2 (en) 2018-02-20
US20150337811A1 (en) 2015-11-26
BR112015018759A2 (pt) 2017-07-18
CN103115445A (zh) 2013-05-22
RU2015137804A (ru) 2017-03-13
EP2955460A1 (de) 2015-12-16
KR101788730B1 (ko) 2017-11-15
CA2899966A1 (en) 2014-08-14
JP6059824B2 (ja) 2017-01-11
SG11201506084YA (en) 2015-09-29
MY175875A (en) 2020-07-14
HUE036333T2 (hu) 2018-07-30

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