EP2964340A1 - Tête d'évacuation d'agent extincteur - Google Patents

Tête d'évacuation d'agent extincteur

Info

Publication number
EP2964340A1
EP2964340A1 EP13708399.4A EP13708399A EP2964340A1 EP 2964340 A1 EP2964340 A1 EP 2964340A1 EP 13708399 A EP13708399 A EP 13708399A EP 2964340 A1 EP2964340 A1 EP 2964340A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
head
discharge
fire fighting
discharge opening
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13708399.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2964340B1 (fr
Inventor
Dave Atkinson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atkinson Clive
Original Assignee
Atkinson Clive
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atkinson Clive filed Critical Atkinson Clive
Publication of EP2964340A1 publication Critical patent/EP2964340A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2964340B1 publication Critical patent/EP2964340B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A62C31/05—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
    • A62C37/10—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
    • A62C37/11—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive

Definitions

  • the invention is related to a head to discharge a fire fighting agent, such as water, in particular a fire sprinkler head comprising a plastic body.
  • a fire sprinkler head comprising a plastic body.
  • the heads referenced to above are usually referred to as fire sprinkler heads or simply sprinklers in case they are designed to discharge water as fire fighting agent.
  • Such sprinklers are an essential tool in fighting fires.
  • Such sprinklers comprise a fire sprinkler head connected to a water bearing installation as fire fighting agent bearing installation. Since the fire fighting agent is typically held under certain pressure, which could also be a static pressure within the installation the agent, may also be referred to as standing charge.
  • the fire sprinkler heads are typically arranged in a certain distance from each other. Each fire sprinkler head is constructed as a temperature sensitive water drain, opening if the sprinkler head is exposed to a certain temperature.
  • Such sprinkler is held in its closed state - its surveillance mode - by a thermal detector, which depending on its nature brakes or melts in order to release water from the installation. Then, the sprinkler head is in its fire fighting mode.
  • the thermal detectors used comprise a glass tube filled with an alcohol.
  • the glass tubes are held in place between an abutment member and a sealing member, which sealing member seals the water outlet, with a predetermined torque.
  • the sealing member is manufactured from brass and the other parts of the sprinkler are manufactured of metal, typical also of brass.
  • a sealing portion is arranged between two plastic parts one being the moulded plastic body and the other being a diffusor head.
  • the sealing portion By way of the sealing portion the outlet of a hollow central passage extending through the body is closed. Apart of the diffusor head is resting against the sealing portion and serves as an abutment. The diffusor head is held in this locking position with a link portion.
  • the link portion is a meltable fuse element - thus being sensitive to temperature. The link portion melts at a certain temperature, which in turn releases the diffusor head from its position lock- ing the outlet of the central passage.
  • the sealing member Due to the pressure in the installation the sealing member then brakes and pushes the diffusor head into its diffusing arrangement at a certain distance to the outlet of the central passage so that water may flow out and is distributed in the vicinity.
  • the prior art fire sprinkler heads have in common, that several elements need to be manufactured individually and then be assembled. Further, the sprinkler heads are designed to be reusable. With those using a frangible bulb as thermal detector these and the sealing member are replaced to have the fire sprinkler head work again. With the device with the breakable sealing this and the link portion are replaced.
  • connection means with a central passage extending through the connection means into a discharge section of the body;
  • This head comprises one or more predetermined breaking areas, which in the surveillance mode of the head lock the discharge openings and which break by failing for example by melting at least in part upon the exposure of heat.
  • breaking areas are referred to as locking members.
  • the thermal sensitive locking member closing a discharge opening is designed to fail at a predetermined temperature, which temperature is well above the maximum ambient temperature, in which the head is to be arranged. Typically the failing temperature may be designed that the locking member melts upon a heat exposure being approximately 30° C above the maximum ambient temperature level. Of course, other temperature levels may be applied in the same manner.
  • the temperature sensitivity of the locking member being the thermal detector of this sprinkler head is designed that it melts earlier and/or quicker than the body of the head being manufactured of plastic material.
  • the thermal sensitivity of the locking member as sketched out above may even be achieved by using one and the same plastic material for the body and the locking member.
  • the thermal sensitivity may be achieved by providing the locking member with a thinner wall thickness compared to the wall thickness of the body in the area adjacent to such discharge opening.
  • the quicker response characteristic of the locking member to heat expo- sure may also be achieved in that the outside surface of the locking member is designed to have a higher heat absorbing character than the surface areas of the body adjacent to such locking member.
  • Such quicker heat response characteristic may be achieved by providing the outside surface of the locking member with a bigger surface area, for example providing it with a higher roughness and/or by providing the outside of the locking member with a heat absorbing colour.
  • the adjacent areas of the body would then accordingly show a lower degree of roughness and/or a heat reflecting or less heat absorbing colour or coating of such kind.
  • the head may be manufactured by way of a moulding process, which is preferably an injection moulding process, without that any further assembly steps need to be carried out. Therefore the process for manufacturing such head is to be regarded as a low cost manufacturing process, thus providing heads on a low cost base. Due to the concept described it is possible to design the one or typically more discharge openings with thermal sensitive locking members closing the openings with a high degree of freedom to design the openings and their distribution in the body of the head.
  • An interesting aspect of the concept claimed is that the difference in the failing response upon heat exposure between the at least one looking member and the other parts of the body does not necessarily be very large.
  • the plastic material used and the geometry of the body is designed, that it retains its integrity until the at least one locking member melts and thereby opens its discharge opening. Then, the fire fighting agent of the installation, to which the head is joined will flow through the body, thereby cooling the body from its inside.
  • the best cooling effects may be achieved, if the fire fighting agent is a liquid, in particular water.
  • the fire fighting agent in the installation is well below the failing point of the locking mem- ber. Therefore, even upon exposure to heat above the failing point of the plastic used to manufacture the body it will retain its integrity due to the cooling effect of the agent flowing through the body.
  • a head of this kind may thus be manufactured from a plastic material, which does not necessarily be of the usual kind used for high temperature applications. There- fore, such head may be manufactured from a plastic material, which is cheaper than heat resistant plastic material.
  • the thermal sensitive locking member closing the discharge openings in the surveillance mode of the head may also be manufactured from another plastic material than the body, for example by way of a two or more component moulding process. With such embodiment a plastic material of higher temperature resistance may be used for the body than the one used to resemble the thermal sensitive locking members.
  • the heads described above are very effective in building a temporary fire barrier. Since with this concept heads may be designed as spray nozzles the water exiting such head exits this with a rather large surface area. With this smoke and dust may be tied down to a certain degree. Further, the large surface area of the water exiting the head enhances its vaporisation, which is one of the effects to provide for an effective fire barrier.
  • the connecting means to connect the head to a water bearing installation will typically be designed as a threaded section to be screwed into an opening with a complementary threaded section of the installation.
  • connection means like bajonett-couplings or the like may also be used.
  • the body of the sprinkler head shows one or more tool application faces. These are arranged to make up a tool application section of the body enabling to place a tool and then introduce the necessary torque to fasten the sprinkler head to the installation.
  • the head may virtually be used with many different kinds of fire fighting agent bearing systems. Therefore its use is not only limited to a use in buildings. In particular due to its compact size it may also be used for ex- ample with combustion engines having a cooling circuit to cool the engine. The liquid therein is then to be regarded as the fire fighting agent.
  • an automatic fire fighting system may be established, to target high risk areas of the engine and/or the system.
  • the heads may be used instead of the usual sprinkler heads arranged in the ceiling or in the walls. According to another embodiment of use of such heads these are joined to the water bearing heating installation.
  • a sprinkler head may be arranged in the radiator opening, in which usually the venting plug is arranged.
  • the head may also provide the functionality of venting the water bearing system, for example the radiator. Should the head be designed with a threaded section as connections means, then the venting functionality may be realised by way of a groove cutting across the threads of the threaded section.
  • the groove will preferably not cut across all threads in the longitudinal exten- sion of the threaded section but leave one or more windings of the thread opposite to the distal end of the threaded section uncut.
  • the head may be used as a venting plug in the same manner as conventional venting plugs, but with the further fire fighting functionality.
  • Fig. 1 as side elevational view of a head according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 a longitudinal cross section of the head of figure 1 ,
  • Fig. 3 an enlarged detail of the cross sectional view of the head of figure 2
  • Fig. 4 a top view of the head of figure 1
  • Fig. 5 a bottom view of the head of figure 1
  • Fig. 6 a cross sectional view depicting another embodiment according to the invention.
  • a head 1 to discharge a fire fighting agent is according to the depicted embodiment manufactured as one sole solid device.
  • the head 1 comprises a body 2.
  • the body 2 of the head 1 is in the embodiment depicted in figure 1 divided into three sections, namely a threaded section 3 as connecting means to connect the head to a fire fighting agent bearing installation, a discharge section 4, through which water exits in the fire fighting mode of the head 1 , and a tool attachment section 5.
  • the tool attachment section 5 is used to apply a tool to the body 2 in order to screw the body 2 with its threaded section 3 into an opening comprising a complementary threaded section of a fire fighting agent bearing installation.
  • the tool attachment section 5 is provided by way of six side faces facing in the radial direction and arranged according to a hexagon.
  • a nut or a wrench may be applied to the tool attachment section 5 in order to apply the torque needed to screw the threaded section 3 of the head 1 into an opening of the installation.
  • the head 1 is manufactured by way of an injection moulding process form a plastic material.
  • polypropylene has been used to manufacture the head 1 .
  • the head 1 is intended to be used with a water bearing installation. Therefore, in the following by way of the described example the fire fighting agent is water. It will be well understood, that also other fire fighting agents, like other fluids or gases or mixtures thereof (foams) may be em- ployed.
  • the head 1 comprises a central passage 6, which extends through the threaded section 3 and is open at the distal end 7 of the threaded section 3.
  • the central passage 6 leads into a cavity 8 having its maximum diameter in the discharge section 4.
  • the central pas- sage 6 and the cavity 8 are rotation-symmetric, thus show a circular cross sectional geometry.
  • the cavity 8 may be understood as a manifold.
  • the discharge section 4 of the depicted embodiment comprises four dis- charge openings 9, which are closed in the surveillance mode of the head 1 .
  • the surveillance mode of the head 1 is the mode, in which no water exits the head 1 .
  • the surveillance mode of the head 1 is distinguished from its fire fighting mode, in which water exits the head 1 through the discharge openings 9. It is to be understood, that in the fire fighting mode the discharge openings 9 are at least partways open.
  • the discharge openings 9 are closed to have the head 1 in its surveillance mode.
  • the discharge openings 9 are closed by thermal sensitive locking members 10, which may also be addressed as thermal detectors.
  • the locking members 10 are provided by a thinning of the wall thickness of the discharge section 4 as better to been seen in the enlarged detail of figure 3. The thinning is worked in the present embodiment with a concave shape at the outside surface of the discharge section 4.
  • the body 2 and as such the wall 1 1 of the discharge section 4 and the locking members 10 as part of the wall 1 1 are manufactured from one and the same plastic material.
  • the locking members 10 show a higher temperature sensitivity, which means, that these respond to heat exposure with thermal failure faster than the rest of the body 2 and in particular the wall 1 1 of the discharge section 4. Since the wall 1 1 and the locking member 10 are manufactured of one and the same plastic material the failing point as such of the plastic material resembling the locking members 10 and the other parts of the body 2 of the head 1 is the same. In order to ensure, that the locking members 10 show a higher temperature sensitivity and thus fail before the rest of the body looses its integrity, the thickness of the locking member 10 is reduced compared to the thickness of the adjacent walls 1 1 . In the embodiment depicted the wall thinning reduces the thickness of the wall 1 1 in a maximum of a little more than 50 %.
  • the locking members 10 are due to the heat they are exposed to, they weaken sufficiently, that they cannot withstand the pressure within the installation and in the cavity 8. Then the locking members 10 exposed to thermal and pressure effects fail open and the discharge openings 9 are open. The head 1 is then in its fire fighting mode. From the forgoing it will be apparent, that the fire fighting mode cannot be reversed to the surveillance mode. Therefore, once the head 1 has been brought into its fire fighting mode, have to be replaced.
  • the concave geometry of the locking members 10 enhances collecting more heat due to be bigger surface area than the adjacent sections of the wall 1 1 .
  • the outside surface 12 of the locking members 10 is roughened. This enlarges the outside surface area of the locking members 10, thereby collecting more heat.
  • the outside surface 13 of the wall 1 1 in contrast is provided with a polished surface which reflects the radiant heat.
  • the outside surface of the locking members 10 could be provided with a colour, which absorbs more heat than the colour on the outside surface 13 of the adjacent wall 1 1 .
  • each discharge opening 9 is spaced form its neighbouring discharge opening by an angle of 90°.
  • the embodiment depicted in figures 1 to 5 may also be used as a venting plug.
  • a venting groove 14 is arranged within its threaded section 3. In the depicted em- bodiment the venting groove 14 extends parallel to the longitudinal extension of the threaded section 3. The venting groove 14 cuts the threads of the threaded section 3 beginning at the distal end 7 thereof. The groove 14 does not cut all threads but leaves one or two windings at the other end of the threaded section 3 uncut.
  • air venting groove 14 As a V-cross sectional geometry as to be seen in the bottom view of figure 5 of the head 1 . If the head 1 is screwed with this threaded section 3 completely into the complementary opening of the installation, then the air passage of the venting groove 14 is blocked.
  • a tapered thread may be applied to provide the air path needed for such venting functionality.
  • a sealing ring may be placed under the annular flange 15 of the tool attachment section 5 facing to the distal end 7 of the threaded section 3.
  • the same measure could be taken, in case the head is exposed to excessive vibration. Therefore the further descriptions referring to such ring as a sealing ring are also applicable for the use of such ring as a dampening ring.
  • Such sealing ring may be manufactured as a one solid piece with the body 2 by employing a two component moulding process. In a first shot the body 2 would be manufactured from a first plastic material. In a second injection shot the sealing ring would be manufactured with another plastic material having the properties needed to provide the intended seal functionality.
  • Such sealing ring may also be used as a vibration damper and/or device to hinder that the mounted head loosens, in case the water bearing installation is used to vibrate like this is the fact with combustion engines and their cooling circuit.
  • the head 1 and its discharge section 4 respectively is exposed to heat the locking members 10 due to their geometry and the further meas- ures sketched out above will fail once they have been heated up to a certain temperature.
  • This temperature is approximately 30° C higher than the maximum operating temperature the locking members 1 0 are confronted in the surveillance mode of the head 1 .
  • the head 1 is adapted to be used as a venting plug in a water bearing heating installation, which could be a heating water installation the temperature of fail of the locking members 10 will be approximately 30° C higher than the maximum operating temperature of the water in the heating system, which temperature is assumed to be higher in its maximum temperature than the temperature at the outside of the head 1 .
  • the fail will most probably initiate at the point, where the locking members 10 show their smallest wall thickness. Then, supported by the pressure within the installation the discharge openings 9 are opened. These basically will be smaller in diameter than the diameter of the locking members 10. Thus, the discharge openings 9 then open are small sized to allow water exiting by way of small sized spray.
  • FIG. 6 shows a head 1 .1 in its longitudinal section according to another embodiment.
  • the head 1 .1 is principle designed as the head 1 described to figures 1 to 5. Therefore the descriptions of the head 1 also apply to the head 1 .1 .
  • the head 1 .1 differs from the head 1 in that the locking members 10.1 are manufactured of a different plastic material than the rest of the body 2.1 .
  • the head 1 .1 is manufactured by way of a two component injection moulding process, whereas in a first shot the body 2.1 without the locking members 10.1 is manufactured. In a second injection moulding step the plastic material resembling the locking members 10.1 is introduced into the discharge openings, closing them.
  • the plastic material of the locking members 10.1 show a lower failing point than the plastic material, of which the other part of the body 2.1 is manufactured from.
  • the prin- cipal of work of this head 1 .1 is identical to the one described above with reference to figures 1 to 5.
  • the outside surface of the locking members with a heat absorbing colour.
  • the out- side surface of the adjacent wall portions are provided with a less heat absorbing colour or finishing;
  • the discharge openings may be designed with a non-uniform cross-sectional geometry and/or are a in the direction of their longitudinal axis. It is therefore possible to provide a cone-like geometry of the discharge opening becoming smaller in the direction to the outside and thus designing a discharge opening similar to an orifice. This results in a higher efficiency rate of release.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une tête (1) destinée à évacuer un agent extincteur comprenant un corps en plastique (2) doté d'un moyen (3) au niveau de sa première extrémité pour raccorder la tête (1) à une installation de support d'agent extincteur; un passage central (6) s'étendant à travers le moyen de raccordement (3) dans une section d'évacuation (4) du corps (2); et au moins une ouverture d'évacuation (9) raccordant le passage central (6) de la section d'évacuation (4) à l'extérieur du corps (2, 2.1), ladite ouverture d'évacuation (9) étant fermée dans le mode de surveillance de la tête (1) et ladite ouverture d'évacuation (9) étant ouverte pour la libération de l'agent extincteur dans son mode d'extincteur, la zone transversale de chacune desdites ouvertures d'évacuation (9) étant inférieure à la zone transversale du passage central (6) s'étendant à travers le moyen de raccordement (3), ladite ouverture d'évacuation (9) étant fermée par un élément de verrouillage thermosensible (10) défaillant plus facilement lors de l'exposition à la chaleur que le corps (2) et ouvrant par conséquent l'ouverture d'évacuation (9) pour la libération de l'agent extincteur, ladite sensibilité à la température de l'élément de verrouillage (10) étant conçue de sorte que celui-ci soit défaillant à une température prédéterminée.
EP13708399.4A 2013-03-04 2013-03-04 Tête d'évacuation d'agent extincteur Active EP2964340B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/054278 WO2014135189A1 (fr) 2013-03-04 2013-03-04 Tête d'évacuation d'agent extincteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2964340A1 true EP2964340A1 (fr) 2016-01-13
EP2964340B1 EP2964340B1 (fr) 2016-09-28

Family

ID=47844300

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13708399.4A Active EP2964340B1 (fr) 2013-03-04 2013-03-04 Tête d'évacuation d'agent extincteur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2964340B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2902076A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014135189A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4739934A (en) * 1986-07-11 1988-04-26 Ytzhak Gewelber Sprinkler head having variable watering patterns
US6209654B1 (en) * 2000-07-19 2001-04-03 Mac Curless Deluge fire sprinkler system
US6868916B2 (en) 2001-03-26 2005-03-22 Phillips Plastics Corporation Fire sprinkler systems

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2014135189A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2902076A1 (fr) 2014-09-12
EP2964340B1 (fr) 2016-09-28
WO2014135189A1 (fr) 2014-09-12

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