EP2964793B1 - System zur behandlung von pellet-feinpartikeln und/oder stückigem erz und/oder verhärteten pellets - Google Patents

System zur behandlung von pellet-feinpartikeln und/oder stückigem erz und/oder verhärteten pellets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2964793B1
EP2964793B1 EP13708188.1A EP13708188A EP2964793B1 EP 2964793 B1 EP2964793 B1 EP 2964793B1 EP 13708188 A EP13708188 A EP 13708188A EP 2964793 B1 EP2964793 B1 EP 2964793B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pellets
feeder
traveling grate
lump ore
indurated
Prior art date
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Application number
EP13708188.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2964793A1 (de
Inventor
Andrew ADIPURI
Max-Dieter Laumann
Kasper Kokkonen
Heinz Eichberger
Gerd Elsenheimer
Georg STRÜBER
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Outotec Finland Oy
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Outotec Finland Oy
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
    • C22B1/20—Sintering; Agglomerating in sintering machines with movable grates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
    • C21B11/06—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in rotary kilns
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0046—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes making metallised agglomerates or iron oxide
    • C21B13/0053—On a massing grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/32—Arrangement of devices for charging

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to the treatment of pellet fines and/or lump ore and/or indurated pellets, wherein lump ore and/or indurated pellets and/or green pellets are fed onto a traveling grate for drying, preheating and hardening (in the case of green pellets) and then transferred into a reactor for further treatment, such as reduction or smelting.
  • the iron-containing material is introduced into the reduction reactor in the form of lump ore and/or pellets in the case of the gas-based shaft furnace processes, such as the Midrex process or the Energiron process, accounting for about 75% of world DRI production, or the coal-based rotary kiln processes, such as the SL/RN process, accounting for about 23% of world DRI production. Only a few fluidized bed or rotary hearth furnace based plants, accounting for less than 2% of world DRI production, are able to treat fine-grained concentrates.
  • the most widely used coal based process for the production of DRI is the SL/RN process.
  • material consisting of lump ore or indurated pellets is charged into a rotary kiln together with coal and recycle char as reducing agents, and limestone or dolomite needed to absorb the sulfur from the coal.
  • the iron oxides are reduced in the rotary kiln at a temperature of 900 to 1.100 °C.
  • the kiln discharge is cooled indirectly in a rotary cooler and thereafter separated into DRI, DRI fines and nonmagnetics by screening, magnetic separation or other suitable process steps.
  • the traditional rotary reduction kilns have been designed to treat 100% lump ore and/or indurated pellets. Only in exceptional cases, such as Falconbridge Nickel Mines, Canada, treating calcined pyrite fines, and Nippon Kokkan K.K., Japan, treating steelworks dust, a combination of prehardening grate and rotary kiln was applied, enabling feeding of 100% green pellets. The fine grained material was pelletized and the green pellets were charged on the prehardening grate, where they were hardened by using rotary kiln offgas. The feed of a mixture of lump ore and green pellets onto the standard prehardening grate is not possible, as the lumps would destroy the green pellets.
  • Document EP 0 207 654 A1 describes a process for sintering iron ore according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • green pellets with a thickness of from 300 to 1,500 mm are fed onto a hearth layer ore on an endless travelling grate.
  • the endless travelling grate they are transported sequentially through the drying zone, the ignition zone and the firing zone.
  • drying gas with a temperature of from 150 to 350 °C is blown downwardly into the drying zone to dry the green pellets in this zone.
  • a high-temperature combustion waste gas is produced for example by a combustion of a fuel, and is blown as an ignition gas downwardly through an oven into the ignition zone to ignite a powdery solid fuel on the surfaces of the green pellets.
  • the solid fuel is sucked by blowers and is combusted in the firing zone.
  • the pellets are heated to a temperature about 1350 °C. Thereby, the fired pellets are formed into a large slab-shaped mass. The slab-shaped mass is crushed in a crusher for any further operation
  • a first feeder is provided to feed lump ore and/or indurated pellets
  • a second feeder is provided to feed green pellets onto the traveling grate
  • the first feeder for feeding the lump ore and/or the indurated pellets is provided upstream of the second feeder for feeding the green pellets.
  • the lump ore and/or the indurated pellets form a hearth layer on the traveling grate for holding the green pellets.
  • the height of the layer of lump ore and/or indurated pellets on the traveling grate is preferably controlled by a segment gate arrangement in order to provide a uniform hearth layer receiving the green pellets.
  • a pelletizing unit is provided upstream the second feeder for pelletizing fine grained iron ore concentrate that then can be easily fed onto the layer of lump ore and/or indurated pellets on the traveling grate.
  • the traveling grate is equipped with a hood that is divided into several process zones in particular for drying, preheating and hardening the green pellets, resting on the layer of lump ore and/or indurated pellets, in order to release moisture and other components that dissociate at elevated temperatures, preheat and harden them.
  • the green pellets finally achieve the required pellet strength at the grate discharge.
  • the different process zones such as drying, preheating and hardening, comprise wind boxes sealed towards the traveling grate for sucking hot gas through the ore and pellet layers resulting in the thermal treatment of the ore and pellets.
  • a duct comprising a valve arrangement for controlling the gas flow through the traveling grate.
  • the reactor located downstream the traveling grate is a rotary kiln and preferably comprises an after burning chamber, wherein an offgas conduit of the after burning chamber is connected to the hood of the traveling grate to provide the hot gas for the thermal treatment of the feed materials.
  • a refractory lined chute is provided between the traveling grate and the reactor to introduce the material into the reactor.
  • the invention is also directed to a method for operating a system as described above in accordance with the features of claim 11.
  • the lump ore and/or indurated pellets are fed onto the traveling grate by the first feeder at a position upstream of the second feeder such that the lump ore and/or the indurated pellets form a hearth layer on the traveling grate for receiving green pellets from the second feeder.
  • "Upstream the second feeder" in the sense of the present invention means a position located before the second feeder so that the material will travel to the second feeder after it has passed the position.
  • lump ore, indurated pellets and green pellets form a bed on the traveling grate, wherein the bed height on the traveling grate is controlled by varying the velocity of the traveling grate.
  • lump iron ore and/or indurated pellets are fed from a first feeder 1 comprising a feed bin 2 and a segment gate 3 onto a traveling grate 4, on which it forms a hearth layer 5.
  • a second feeder 6 is provided for feeding green pellets produced from iron ore concentrate in the upstream pelletizing unit 9.
  • the grain size of the concentrate is preferably 100% below 100 ⁇ .
  • the iron ore concentrate is fed via a weigh feeder 7 and a belt conveyor 8 onto a pelletizing unit 9 for forming the green pellets.
  • the green pellets are fed onto the traveling grate 4 via a belt conveyor 10 and a roller feeder 11, where the green pellets form a second layer on top of the hearth layer 5 formed by the lump ore and/or indurated pellets. If no lump ore or indurated pellets are fed from the first feeder 1, the green pellets will rest directly on the traveling grate 4.
  • the bed height on the traveling grate 4 is preferably measured online and can be easily controlled by varying the velocity of the traveling grate 4. Additionally, the height of the lump ore/indurated pellets layer is controlled by a standard segment gate arrangement. Thereby, a constant bed height is achieved and steady process conditions can be realized.
  • the traveling grate 4 is equipped with a refractory lined hood 12 extending over at least a part of the traveling grate 4 in its longitudinal direction and divided into several process zones. Wind boxes 13 sealed towards the traveling grate 4 are provided for the respective process zones.
  • the heated and treated material is supplied to the reactor, in particular a rotary kiln 15, via a refractory lined chute 16.
  • reducing agents in particular coal and char, and if necessary a further suitable fuel are added to and combusted in the rotary kiln 15 to heat and reduce the iron material at a reduction temperature of about 800 to 1.200 °C, preferably 900 to 1100 °C.
  • the temperature can vary depending on the materials used in the process. Limestone or dolomite is added as desulfurizing agent.
  • the reduced material then proceeds into a rotary cooler 17 where it preferably is indirectly cooled using water. Thereafter the resulting DRI and nonmagnetics are discharged for product separation into DRI, DRI fines, char and wastes by a system usually comprising screening and magnetic separation steps.
  • Part of the hot offgas from the kiln's after burning chamber 18 is directed to the hardening zone of the traveling grate 4 in order to apply the highest possible temperature to achieve sufficient pellet strength at the grate discharge 14.
  • Part of the hot offgas obtained in the after burning chamber 18 is mixed with part of the recycled offgas coming from the hardening zone of the grate 4 after passing the cyclone separator 22 and the recuperation fan 23. This hot gas mixture is introduced into the preheating zone of the traveling grate 4 to heat up the iron containing material.
  • the remaining part of the offgas leaving the after burning chamber 18 may be forwarded to a waste heat boiler 19, where steam is produced for power generation.
  • the offgas is cleaned in an electrostatic precipitator 20 and discharged through stack 21. The separated dust may be further treated before it is finally discharged.
  • Part of the recycled offgas coming from the hardening zone of the grate 4 after passing the cyclone separator 22 and the recuperation fan 23 mixed with some cold air is introduced into the drying zone.
  • the hot offgas leaving the drying and preheating zones of the traveling grate 4 via the wind boxes is separated from dust in an electrostatic precipitator 24 before it is discharged through stack 25.
  • the invention is based on the application of a conventional traveling grate 4 extended in length to facilitate the incorporation of independent lump ore or indurated pellet feeding facilities in addition to the conventional green pellet feeding facilities.
  • the system enables the plant operator to react without long delay to changing market conditions and choose the most economical feed material available.
  • it is possible to operate the system with
  • the lump ore layer acts as a protective hearth layer against overheating of the traveling grate, higher operating temperatures and a higher energy flow for hardening the green pellets is possible. This results in higher compression strength of the prehardened pellets. In particular for the lower level pellets the exposure to higher temperatures is advisable to improve pellet strength.
  • the production capacity of the downstream reactor could be substantially increased (in the case of a rotary kiln 15 by about 30%), compared to feeding cold material.
  • more heat could be recovered in the waste heat boiler 19, compared to feeding green pellets, leading to increased steam production and power generation. This is due to the fact that more heat and therefore more hot gas is required for heating up green pellets because of their higher moisture content.
  • the product quality can be improved by blending lower grade lump ore with green pellets produced from high grade iron ore concentrates.
  • the present invention has been described on the basis of a reduction reactor for reducing iron ore material. It goes without saying that the invention is also suitable with other types of reactors requiring the preheating or thermal treatment of various types of lumpy material, such as a smelter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. System zur Behandlung von Pellet-Feinpartikeln und/oder stückigem Erz und/oder verhärteten Pellets, mit einer ersten Zufuhreinrichtung (1) zum Zuführen von stückigem Erz und/oder verhärteten Pellets, und einer zweiten Zufuhreinrichtung (6) zum Zuführen von Grünpellets, die aus Eisenerzkonzentrat in einer Pelletiereinheit (9) hergestellt sind, einem Wanderrost (4) und einem Reaktor zur Weiterbehandlung des Zuführmaterials, wobei die erste Zufuhreinrichtung (1) dazu vorgesehen ist, das stückige Erz und/oder die verhärteten Pellets zuzuführen, und wobei die zweite Zufuhreinrichtung (6) dazu vorgesehen ist, Grünpellets auf den Wanderrost (4) aufzugeben, und wobei die erste Zufuhreinrichtung (1) zum Zuführen des stückigen Erzes und/oder der verhärteten Pellets stromaufwärts der zweiten Zufuhreinrichtung (6) für die Zufuhr von Grünpellets vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reaktor ein Drehrohrofen (15) ist, wobei das Material in dem Reaktor auf eine Temperatur von etwa 800 bis 1200 °C erhitzt wird.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das stückige Erz auf dem Wanderrost (4) eine Herdschicht (5) zum Halten der Grünpellets ausbildet.
  3. System nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Zufuhreinrichtung (1) einen ersten Zufuhrbehälter (2) aufweist.
  4. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass oberhalb des Wanderrostes (4) eine Segmenttoranordnung (3) vorgesehen ist.
  5. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass stromaufwärts der zweiten Zufuhreinrichtung (6) eine Pelletiereinheit (9) vorgesehen ist.
  6. System nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wanderrost (4) eine Haube (12) aufweist, die in mehrere Prozesszonen unterteilt ist.
  7. System nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Prozesszonen Windkästen (13) aufweisen, welche in Richtung des Wanderrostes (4) abgedichtet sind.
  8. System nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterhalb der Windkästen (13) ein Kanal mit einer Ventilanordnung zur Steuerung der Gasströmung durch den Wanderrost (4) vorgesehen ist.
  9. System nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reaktor eine Nachbrennkammer (18) aufweist und dass eine Abgasleitung der Nachbrennkammer (18) mit der Haube (12) des Wanderrostes (4) verbunden ist.
  10. System nach einem vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Wanderrost (4) und dem Reaktor eine feuerfest ausgekleidete Rutsche (16) vorgesehen ist.
  11. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Systems nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das stückige Erz und/oder die verhärteten Pellets durch die erste Zufuhreinrichtung (1) an einer Position stromaufwärts der zweiten Zufuhreinrichtung (6) auf den Wanderrost (4) gefördert werden, so dass das stückige Erz und/oder die verhärteten Pellets auf dem Wanderrost (4) eine Herdschicht (5) zur Aufnahme von Grünpellets von der zweiten Zufuhreinrichtung (6) bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reaktor ein Drehrohrofen (15) zum Aufheizen des Materials auf eine Temperatur von etwa 800 bis 1200 °C ist.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, wobei stückiges Erz und/oder verhärtete Pellets und/oder Grünpellets ein Bett auf dem Wanderrost (4) bilden und wobei die Betthöhe auf dem Wanderrost (4) durch Variation der Geschwindigkeit des Wanderrostes (4) gesteuert wird.
EP13708188.1A 2013-03-08 2013-03-08 System zur behandlung von pellet-feinpartikeln und/oder stückigem erz und/oder verhärteten pellets Active EP2964793B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/054788 WO2014135222A1 (en) 2013-03-08 2013-03-08 System for the treatment of pellet fines and/or lump ore and/or indurated pellets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2964793A1 EP2964793A1 (de) 2016-01-13
EP2964793B1 true EP2964793B1 (de) 2017-05-03

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EP13708188.1A Active EP2964793B1 (de) 2013-03-08 2013-03-08 System zur behandlung von pellet-feinpartikeln und/oder stückigem erz und/oder verhärteten pellets

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EP (1) EP2964793B1 (de)
CN (1) CN105051221A (de)
AP (1) AP2015008719A0 (de)
AU (1) AU2013380646B2 (de)
DK (1) DK2964793T3 (de)
EA (1) EA028098B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2014135222A1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115491489B (zh) * 2021-06-18 2023-12-12 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 基于链篦机-回转窑的预还原球团制备装置及方法
CN116463493A (zh) * 2023-04-28 2023-07-21 中天钢铁集团(南通)有限公司 一种高炉用高水分多粉末块矿的高效筛分入炉系统及方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS559930B2 (de) * 1974-02-27 1980-03-13
JPS6237325A (ja) * 1985-06-27 1987-02-18 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 焼成塊成鉱およびその製造方法
US5076838A (en) * 1989-07-14 1991-12-31 Svedala Industries, Inc. Process for direct reduction of materials in a kiln
CN1429920A (zh) * 2001-12-31 2003-07-16 新疆钢铁研究所 褐铁矿在生产球团烧结矿方法中作为铺底料的应用
AT413543B (de) * 2004-03-03 2006-03-15 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zur herstellung einer sinterrohmischung

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Publication number Publication date
CN105051221A (zh) 2015-11-11
EP2964793A1 (de) 2016-01-13
EA028098B1 (ru) 2017-10-31
DK2964793T3 (en) 2017-06-26
AU2013380646A1 (en) 2015-10-08
AU2013380646B2 (en) 2016-09-08
EA201591517A1 (ru) 2016-03-31
AP2015008719A0 (en) 2015-09-30
WO2014135222A1 (en) 2014-09-12

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